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Horvath PO, Czermin B, Gulati S, Pyle A, Hassani A, Foley C, Taylor RW, Chinnery PF. 003 Adult-onset cerebellar ataxia due to mutations in the CABC1/ADCK3 gene. J Neurol Psychiatry 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2011-301993.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Fratter C, Raman P, Alston CL, Blakely EL, Craig K, Smith C, Evans J, Seller A, Czermin B, Hanna MG, Poulton J, Brierley C, Staunton TG, Turnpenny PD, Schaefer AM, Chinnery PF, Horvath R, Turnbull DM, Gorman GS, Taylor RW. RRM2B mutations are frequent in familial PEO with multiple mtDNA deletions. Neurology 2011; 76:2032-4. [PMID: 21646632 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e31821e558b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C Fratter
- Oxford Medical Genetics Laboratories, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
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Horvath R, Reilich P, Krause S, Turnbull D, Trenell M, Hollingsworth K, Gorman G, Czermin B, Holinski-Feder E, Walter M, Schoser B, Lochmüller H. P64 Neutral lipid storage myopathy due to PNPLA2 mutations may respond to beta-adrenergic treatment. Neuromuscul Disord 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-8966(11)70083-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Tuppen H, Fehmi J, Czermin B, Goffrini P, Meloni F, Ferrero I, He L, Blakely E, McFarland R, Horvath R, Turnbull D, Taylor R. P4.60 Long-term survival of neonatal mitochondrial complex III deficiency associated with a novel BCS1L gene mutation. Neuromuscul Disord 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2010.07.256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Fratter C, Gorman GS, Stewart JD, Buddles M, Smith C, Evans J, Seller A, Poulton J, Roberts M, Hanna MG, Rahman S, Omer SE, Klopstock T, Schoser B, Kornblum C, Czermin B, Lecky B, Blakely EL, Craig K, Chinnery PF, Turnbull DM, Horvath R, Taylor RW. The clinical, histochemical, and molecular spectrum of PEO1 (Twinkle)-linked adPEO. Neurology 2010; 74:1619-26. [PMID: 20479361 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181df099f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in the Twinkle (PEO1) gene are a recognized cause of autosomal dominant progressive external ophthalmoplegia (adPEO), resulting in the accumulation of multiple mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions and cytochrome c oxidase (COX)-deficient fibers in skeletal muscle secondary to a disorder of mtDNA maintenance. Patients typically present with isolated extraocular muscle involvement, with little apparent evidence of the clinical heterogeneity documented in other mtDNA maintenance disorders, in particular POLG-related disease. METHODS We reviewed the clinical, histochemical, and molecular genetics analysis of 33 unreported patients from 26 families together with all previous cases described in the literature to define the clinical phenotype associated with PEO1 mutations. RESULTS Ptosis and ophthalmoparesis were almost universal clinical features among this cohort, with 52% (17/33) reporting fatigue and 33% (11/33) having mild proximal myopathy. Features consistent with CNS involvement were rarely described; however, in 24% (8/33) of the patients, cardiac abnormalities were reported. Mitochondrial histochemical changes observed in muscle showed remarkable variability, as did the secondary mtDNA deletions, which in some patients were only detected by PCR-based assays and not Southern blotting. Moreover, we report 7 novel PEO1 variants. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest a shared clinical phenotype with variable mild multiorgan involvement, and that the contribution of PEO1 mutations as a cause of adPEO may well be underestimated. Direct sequencing of the PEO1 gene should be considered in adPEO patients prior to muscle biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Fratter
- Oxford Medical Genetics Laboratories, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
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Horvath R, Kemp J, Tuppen H, Hudson G, Pyle A, Holinski-Feder E, Abicht A, Czermin B, Walter M, Günther-Scholz A, Smith P, McFarland R, Chrzanowska-Lightowlers Z, Lightowlers R, Lochmüller H, Taylor R, Chinnery P. P75 Infantile reversible COX deficiency myopathy caused by the m.14674T>C mutation in mt-tRNAGlu in a German family. Neuromuscul Disord 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-8966(10)70090-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Yu-Wai-Man P, Griffiths PG, Gorman GS, Lourenco CM, Wright AF, Auer-Grumbach M, Toscano A, Musumeci O, Valentino ML, Caporali L, Lamperti C, Tallaksen CM, Duffey P, Miller J, Whittaker RG, Baker MR, Jackson MJ, Clarke MP, Dhillon B, Czermin B, Stewart JD, Hudson G, Reynier P, Bonneau D, Marques W, Lenaers G, McFarland R, Taylor RW, Turnbull DM, Votruba M, Zeviani M, Carelli V, Bindoff LA, Horvath R, Amati-Bonneau P, Chinnery PF. Multi-system neurological disease is common in patients with OPA1 mutations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 133:771-86. [PMID: 20157015 PMCID: PMC2842512 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awq007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 310] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Additional neurological features have recently been described in seven families transmitting pathogenic mutations in OPA1, the most common cause of autosomal dominant optic atrophy. However, the frequency of these syndromal 'dominant optic atrophy plus' variants and the extent of neurological involvement have not been established. In this large multi-centre study of 104 patients from 45 independent families, including 60 new cases, we show that extra-ocular neurological complications are common in OPA1 disease, and affect up to 20% of all mutational carriers. Bilateral sensorineural deafness beginning in late childhood and early adulthood was a prominent manifestation, followed by a combination of ataxia, myopathy, peripheral neuropathy and progressive external ophthalmoplegia from the third decade of life onwards. We also identified novel clinical presentations with spastic paraparesis mimicking hereditary spastic paraplegia, and a multiple sclerosis-like illness. In contrast to initial reports, multi-system neurological disease was associated with all mutational subtypes, although there was an increased risk with missense mutations [odds ratio = 3.06, 95% confidence interval = 1.44-6.49; P = 0.0027], and mutations located within the guanosine triphosphate-ase region (odds ratio = 2.29, 95% confidence interval = 1.08-4.82; P = 0.0271). Histochemical and molecular characterization of skeletal muscle biopsies revealed the presence of cytochrome c oxidase-deficient fibres and multiple mitochondrial DNA deletions in the majority of patients harbouring OPA1 mutations, even in those with isolated optic nerve involvement. However, the cytochrome c oxidase-deficient load was over four times higher in the dominant optic atrophy + group compared to the pure optic neuropathy group, implicating a causal role for these secondary mitochondrial DNA defects in disease pathophysiology. Individuals with dominant optic atrophy plus phenotypes also had significantly worse visual outcomes, and careful surveillance is therefore mandatory to optimize the detection and management of neurological disability in a group of patients who already have significant visual impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Yu-Wai-Man
- Mitochondrial Research Group, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
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Kornblum C, Lutterbey GG, Czermin B, Reimann J, von Kleist-Retzow JC, Jurkat-Rott K, Wattjes MP. Whole-body high-field MRI shows no skeletal muscle degeneration in young patients with recessive myotonia congenita. Acta Neurol Scand 2010; 121:131-5. [PMID: 20047568 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.2009.01228.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muscle magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most sensitive method in the detection of dystrophic and non-dystrophic abnormalities within striated muscles. We hypothesized that in severe myotonia congenita type Becker muscle stiffness, prolonged transient weakness and muscle hypertrophy might finally result in morphologic skeletal muscle alterations reflected by MRI signal changes. AIM OF THE STUDY To assess dystrophic and/or non-dystrophic alterations such as fatty or connective tissue replacement and muscle edema in patients with severe recessive myotonia congenita. METHODS We studied three seriously affected patients with myotonia congenita type Becker using multisequence whole-body high-field MRI. All patients had molecular genetic testing of the muscle chloride channel gene (CLCN1). RESULTS Molecular genetic analyses demonstrated recessive CLCN1 mutations in all patients. Two related patients were compound heterozygous for two novel CLCN1 mutations, Q160H and L657P. None of the patients showed skeletal muscle signal changes indicative of fatty muscle degeneration or edema. Two patients showed muscle bulk hypertrophy of thighs and calves in line with the clinical appearance. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that (i) chloride channel dysfunction alone does not result in skeletal muscle morphologic changes even in advanced stages of myotonia congenita, and (ii) MRI skeletal muscle alterations in myotonic dystrophy must be clear consequences of the dystrophic disease process.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Kornblum
- Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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Abstract
Modification of histones can have a dramatic impact on chromatin structure and function. Acetylation of lysines within the N-terminal tail of the histone octamer marks transcriptionally active regions of the genome whereas deacetylation seems to play a role in transcriptional silencing. Recently, the methylation of the histone tails has also been shown to be important for transcriptional regulation and chromosome structure. Here we show by immunoaffinity purification that two activities important for chromatin-mediated gene silencing, the histone methyltransferase SU(VAR)3-9 and the histone deacetylase HDAC1, associate in vivo. The two activities cooperate to methylate pre-acetylated histones. Both enzymes are modifiers of position effect variegation and interact genetically in flies. We suggest a model in which the concerted histone deacetylation and methylation by a SU(VAR)3-9/HDAC1-containing complex leads to a permanent silencing of transcription in particular areas of the genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Czermin
- Adolf-Butenandt Institut, Molekularbiologie, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität, Schillerstrasse 44, D-80336 München, Germany
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