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Aigbirhio FI, Allen J, Arrowsmith RL, Athlan A, Badman GT, Bayly SR, Bedford R, Botting NP, Bragg RA, Brasseur D, Bushby N, Cable KM, Chan F, Christlieb M, Churchill GC, Collison D, Denoux M, Dilworth JR, Farrar G, Gotfredsen CH, Greaney MF, Harding JR, Harris P, Harwood SJ, Heglund IF, Hendry D, Hosseini M, Johnston JS, Jones S, Jordan A, Killick DA, Kitson SL, Kowalczyk RM, Lawrie KWM, Lockley WJS, Madge D, Manning C, Marshall LJ, McNeill AH, Newman JJ, Pascu SI, Roy S, Schofield J, Shanmugham MS, Shipley NJ, Simmonds AJ, Smith D, Smith SL, Steward OR, Tanner D, Travers JG, Tyrrell RM, Vital P, Waghorn PA, Warrington B, Watters W, Willcocks K, Williams GD, Young CG, Zhong J. Abstracts of the 18th international isotope society (UK group) symposium: synthesis & applications of labelled compounds 2009. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.1751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Sands M, Haswell SJ, Kelly SM, Skelton V, Morgan DO, Styring P, Warrington B. The investigation of an equilibrium dependent reaction for the formation of enamines in a microchemical system. Lab Chip 2001; 1:64-65. [PMID: 15100892 DOI: 10.1039/b104036g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The paper describes the equilibrium dependant reaction for the formation of enamines in a microchemical system utilising electroosmotic flow (EOF) for fluid mobilisation. The authors have shown that the reaction can be carried out without the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst, in addition the enamine intermediate was synthesised at room temperature using mild solvent conditions. A 42% conversion of cyclohexanone into the enamine has been achieved to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sands
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and the Environment, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, UKHU6 7RX
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Skelton V, Greenway GM, Haswell SJ, Styring P, Morgan DO, Warrington B, Wong SY. The preparation of a series of nitrostilbene ester compounds using micro reactor technology. Analyst 2001; 126:7-10. [PMID: 11205516 DOI: 10.1039/b006728h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of stilbene esters using Wittig chemistry has been used to illustrate the generic diversity micro reactors offer in terms of chemical control and rapid method development. The micro reactor consisted of a 'T' design based on channel geometries 200 microns wide and 100 microns deep, etched into borosilicate glass and sealed with a borosilicate top plate using a thermal bonding technique. The movement of the reagent and products was achieved using electroosmotic flow (EOF), assisted by the incorporation of micro porous silica frits within the micro-channels to allow accurate solution control. To optimise the operating conditions methyl 4-formylbenzoate, premixed with sodium methoxide, was reacted with 2-nitrobenzyl-triphenylphosphonium bromide in dry degassed MeOH using flow conditions for both reagents of 0.40 microL min-1 for 20 min. A product yield of 70% (2:1 reaction stoichiometry with the aldehyde in excess) was obtained representing a 10% increase compared with the traditional batch synthesis. To demonstrate the capability of micro reactors to perform atom efficient synthesis a series of experiments based on an injection methodology (optimised to 30 s) were performed in the micro reactor at 1:1 stoichiometry resulting in a yield of 59%. Finally, the capability of micro reactors to perform a series of analogue reactions was investigated. The yields for a further three aldehydes indicated that the technology will be suitable for the development of automated device to support the generation of combinatorial libraries and rapid high throughput synthetic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Skelton
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and the Environment, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, UK HU6 7RX
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