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Bozorov TA, Rasulov BA, Zhang D. Characterization of the gut microbiota of invasive Agrilus mali Matsumara (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) using high-throughput sequencing: uncovering plant cell-wall degrading bacteria. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4923. [PMID: 30894631 PMCID: PMC6427011 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41368-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Agrilus comprises diverse exotic and agriculturally important wood-boring insects that have evolved efficient digestive systems. Agrilus mali Matsumara, an invasive insect, is causing extensive mortality to endangered wild apple trees in Tianshan. In this study, we present an in-depth characterization of the gut microbiota of A. mali based on high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and report the presence of lignocellulose-degrading bacteria. Thirty-nine operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were characterized from the larval gut. OTUs represented 6 phyla, 10 classes, 16 orders, 20 families, and 20 genera. The majority of bacterial OTUs belonged to the order Enterobacteriales which was the most abundant taxa in the larval gut. Cultivable bacteria revealed 9 OTUs that all belonged to Gammaproteobacteria. Subsequently, we examined the breakdown of plant cell-wall compounds by bacterial isolates. Among the isolates, the highest efficiency was observed in Pantoea sp., which was able to synthesize four out of the six enzymes (cellulase, cellobiase, β-xylanase, and β-gluconase) responsible for plant-cell wall degradation. One isolate identified as Pseudomonas orientalis exhibited lignin peroxidase activity. Our study provides the first characterization of the gut microbial diversity of A. mali larvae and shows that some cultivable bacteria play a significant role in the digestive tracts of larvae by providing nutritional needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tohir A Bozorov
- Key Lab of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 818 South Beijing Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China. .,Institute of Genetics and Plants Experimental Biology, Uzbek Academy of Sciences, Yukori-Yuz, 111226, Kibray, Tashkent Region, Uzbekistan.
| | - Bakhtiyor A Rasulov
- Key Lab of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 818 South Beijing Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.,Institute of Genetics and Plants Experimental Biology, Uzbek Academy of Sciences, Yukori-Yuz, 111226, Kibray, Tashkent Region, Uzbekistan
| | - Daoyuan Zhang
- Key Lab of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 818 South Beijing Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
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Mohamad OAA, Li L, Ma JB, Hatab S, Xu L, Guo JW, Rasulov BA, Liu YH, Hedlund BP, Li WJ. Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of Endophytic Bacterial Populations From Chinese Traditional Medicinal Plant Licorice and Characterization of the Bioactive Secondary Metabolites Produced by Bacillus atrophaeus Against Verticillium dahliae. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:924. [PMID: 29867835 PMCID: PMC5954123 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endophytic bacteria associated with medicinal plants possess unique strategies that enhance growth and suvival of host plants, many of which are mediated by distinctive secondary metabolites. These bacteria and their secondary metabolites are important subjects for both basic and applied research aimed at sustainable agriculture. In the present study, 114 endophytic strains isolated from the wild ethnomedicinal plant Glycyrrhiza uralensis (licorice) were screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activities against common fungal pathogens of tomato (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp., Fulvia fulva, Alternaria solani), cotton (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Vesinfectum, Verticillium dahliae), pomegranite (Ceratocystis fimbriata), Cymbidinium (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides), and Tsao-ko (Pestalotiopsis microspora and Fusarium graminearum) and the common bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella enteritidis, and Escherichia coli. Several Bacillus strains, particularly Bacillus atrophaeus and Bacillus mojavensis, had a broad spectrum of antifungal and antibacterial activity. A total of 16 strains, selected based on broad antimicrobial activity, were shown to contain at least one putative secondary metabolite-encoding gene (i.e., polyketide synthase or non-ribosomal peptide synthetase) and/or one lytic enzyme (i.e., protease, cellulase, lipase, chitinase), which may be important mediators of antagonistic activity against pathogens. Five strains, representing Bacillus atrophaeus and Bacillus mojavensis, were selected for plant growth chamber experiments based on strong in vitro antifungal activities. All five strains significantly reduced disease severity in Arabidopsis thaliana plants challenged with V. dahlia infection. Gas-chromatography/mass-spectrometry analysis of cell-free extracts of Bacillus atrophaeus strain XEGI50 showed that at least 13 compounds were produced only during co-cultivation with V. dahlia, including putative compounds known to have antimicrobial activity, such as 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis (2-methylpropyl) ester; 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-, methyl ester; 9-octadecenoic acid, methyl ester, (E)-; and decanedioic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester. To our knowledge, this study is the first to report that bacteria isolated from G. uralensis have biocontrol abilities. Our findings provide new insights into the antimicrobial activities of natural endophytes, particularly B. atrophaeus, and suggest this species may a promising candidate as a biocontrol agent to confer resistance to Verticillium wilt disease and other phytopathogens in cotton and other crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama A. A. Mohamad
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Environmental Science Department, Institute of Environmental Studies, Arish University, El-Arish, Egypt
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, United States
| | - Jin-Biao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Shaimaa Hatab
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Arish University, El-Arish, Egypt
| | - Lin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Hexi Corridor Resources Utilization, Hexi University, Zhangye, China
| | - Jian-Wei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Key Laboratory of Crops with High Quality and Efficient Cultivation and Security Control, Yunnan Higher Education Institutions, Honghe University, Mengzi, China
| | - Bakhtiyor A. Rasulov
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Institute of Genetics and Plant Experimental Biology, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Yong-Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Brian P. Hedlund
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, United States
| | - Wen-Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Rasulov BA, Davranov KD, Jun LW. [Formation of Ag/AgCl Nanoparticles in the Matrix of the Exopolysaccharide of a Diazotrophic Strain Azotobacter chroococcum XU1]. Mikrobiologiia 2017; 86:182-187. [PMID: 30299057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A complex of Ag/AgCl nanoparticles was synthesized on the basis of the extracellular polysaccharide of Azotobacter chroococcum XU1 and 10 mM AgNO3 solution. The complex was characterized by UV spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. Colloidal solutions of the complex had absorption peaks at 260 and 420 nm, indicating the formation Ag/AgCl nanoparticles. The size of the nanoparticles varied from 6 to 50 nm. The nanobiocomposite consisting of the exopolysaccharide matrix and Ag/AgCl nanoparticles exhibited a fungicidal effect against such plant pathogens as Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum and Verticillium dahliae.
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Rasulov BA, Rozi P, Pattaeva MA, Yili A, Aisa HA. Exopolysaccharide-Based Bioflocculant Matrix of Azotobacter chroococcum XU1 for Synthesis of AgCl Nanoparticles and Its Application as a Novel Biocidal Nanobiomaterial. Materials (Basel) 2016; 9:ma9070528. [PMID: 28773650 PMCID: PMC5456945 DOI: 10.3390/ma9070528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A simple and green method was developed for the biosynthesis of AgCl nanoparticles, free from Ag nanoparticles, using the exopolysaccharide-based bioflocculant of nitrogen fixing Azotobacter chroococcum XU1 strain. AgCl nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform-Infra Red (FT-IR) and Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX). The concentration-dependent and controllable method for the synthesis of AgCl nanoparticles of a certain size and morphology was developed. As-synthesized AgCl nanoparticles were characterized bya high content of AgCl and exhibited strong antimicrobial activity towards pathogenic microorganisms such as E. coli, S. aureus and C. albicans. The biofabricated AgCl nanoparticles can be exploited as a promising new biocidalbionanocomposite against pathogenic microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bakhtiyor A Rasulov
- Institute of Genetics and Plant Experimental Biology, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, Yukori Yuz, Kybray District 111226, Uzbekistan.
| | - Parhat Rozi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry in Arid Region, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Chemistry and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.
| | - Mohichehra A Pattaeva
- Institute of Microbiology, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, Tashkent 100128, Uzbekistan.
| | - Abulimiti Yili
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry in Arid Region, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Chemistry and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China.
| | - Haji Akber Aisa
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry in Arid Region, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Chemistry and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China.
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