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Lüken J, Goerges G, Ritter N, Disse P, Schreiber JA, Schmidt J, Frehland B, Schepmann D, Seebohm G, Wünsch B. Indazole as a Phenol Bioisostere: Structure-Affinity Relationships of GluN2B-Selective NMDA Receptor Antagonists. J Med Chem 2023; 66:11573-11588. [PMID: 37580890 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Negative allosteric modulation of GluN2B subunit-containing NMDA receptors prevents overstimulation, resulting in neuroprotective effects. Since the phenol of prominent negative allosteric modulators is prone to rapid glucuronidation, its bioisosteric replacement by an indazole was envisaged. The key step in the synthesis was a Sonogashira reaction of non-protected iodoindazoles with propargylpiperidine derivatives. Modification of the alkynyl moiety allowed the introduction of several functional groups. The synthesized indazoles showed very high GluN2B affinity but limited selectivity over σ receptors. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed the same molecular interactions with the ifenprodil binding site as the analogous phenols. In two-electrode voltage-clamp experiments, enantiomeric 3-(4-benzylpiperidin-1-yl)-1-(1H-indazol-5-yl)propan-1-ols (S)-10a and (R)-10a displayed higher inhibitory activity than ifenprodil. In contrast to phenolic GluN2B antagonists, the indazoles were not conjugated with glucuronic acid. It can be concluded that the phenol of potent GluN2B antagonists can be replaced bioisosterically by an indazole, retaining the high GluN2B affinity and activity but inhibiting glucuronidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Lüken
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gunnar Goerges
- Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 45, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Nadine Ritter
- Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 45, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- GRK 2515, Chemical Biology of Ion Channels (Chembion), Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Paul Disse
- Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 45, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- GRK 2515, Chemical Biology of Ion Channels (Chembion), Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Julian A Schreiber
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 45, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Judith Schmidt
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bastian Frehland
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Guiscard Seebohm
- Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 45, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- GRK 2515, Chemical Biology of Ion Channels (Chembion), Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- GRK 2515, Chemical Biology of Ion Channels (Chembion), Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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2
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Markus A, Schreiber JA, Goerges G, Frehland B, Schepmann D, Daniliuc C, Fröhlich R, Seebohm G, Wünsch B. Phenol-benzoxazolone bioisosteres of GluN2B-NMDA receptor antagonists: Unexpected rearrangement during reductive alkylation with phenylcyclohexanone. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2200225. [PMID: 35908158 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Negative allosteric modulators of N-methyl- d-aspartate receptors containing the GluN2B subunit represent promising drug candidates for the treatment of various neurological disorders including stroke, epilepsy, and Parkinson's disease. To increase the bioavailability and GluN2B affinity, the phenol of the potent benzazepine-based inhibitor, WMS-1410 (3), was replaced bioisosterically by a benzoxazolone moiety and the phenylbutyl side chain was conformationally restricted in a phenylcyclohexyl substituent. A four-step, one-pot procedure transformed the oxazolo-benzazepine 7 into the phenylcyclohexyl derivative 11. The same protocol was applied to the methylated analog 12, which unexpectedly led to ring-contracted oxazolo-isoquinolines 18. This rearrangement was explained by the additional methyl moiety in the 8-position inhibiting the formation of the planar intermediate iminium ion with phenylcyclohexanone. The allyl protective group of 11 and 18 was removed with RhCl3 and HCl to obtain the tricyclic compounds 5 and 19 without substituent at the oxazolone ring. The structures of the rearranged products 18 and 19 were elucidated by X-ray crystal structure analysis. The oxazolo-isoquinoline trans-18 with allyl moiety (Ki = 89 nM) and the oxazolo-benzazepine 5 without substituent at the oxazolone ring (Ki = 114 nM) showed GluN2B affinity in the same range as the lead compound 3. In two-electrode voltage clamp measurements, 5 displayed only weak inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Markus
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Münster, Germany
| | - Julian A Schreiber
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Münster, Germany.,University Hospital Münster, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Münster, Germany
| | - Gunnar Goerges
- University Hospital Münster, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Münster, Germany
| | - Bastian Frehland
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin Daniliuc
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Münster, 48149, Germany
| | - Roland Fröhlich
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Münster, 48149, Germany
| | - Guiscard Seebohm
- University Hospital Münster, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Münster, Germany.,Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, GRK 2515, Chemical Biology of Ion Channels (Chembion), Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Münster, Germany.,Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, GRK 2515, Chemical Biology of Ion Channels (Chembion), Münster, Germany
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3
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Markus A, Frehland B, Schepmann D, Wünsch B. Negative allosteric modulators of NMDA receptors with GluN2B subunit: Alanine-derived benzoxazolone bioisosteres of 2-methyl-3-benzazepine-1,7-diols. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2200177. [PMID: 35606890 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Inspired by besonprodil, the phenol of potent negative allosteric modulators of GluN2B-N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors was replaced by a benzoxazolone system. To increase the similarity to the lead compounds, an additional methyl moiety was installed in the 8-position of tricyclic oxazolobenzazepines, resulting in compounds 6. The additional methyl moiety originates from alanine, which was introduced by a Mitsunobu reaction of benzoxazolylethanol 7 with N-triflyl-protected alanine methyl ester. A crucial feature of the synthesis was the protection of the oxazolone ring by an allyl moiety, which was cleaved off at the end of the synthesis by RhCl3 -catalyzed isomerization. Due to the additional methyl moiety, the intramolecular Friedel-Crafts acylation of acid 10 to afford ketone 11 required careful optimization to minimize the formation of the side product tetrahydroisoquinoline 16. Alkylation or reductive alkylation of secondary amine 13 led to diastereomeric oxazolobenzazepines cis-14 and trans-14, which were separated by flash chromatography. Phenylbutyl derivatives cis-6a and trans-6a revealed twofold higher GluN2B affinity than analog 5a without 8-CH3 group. The methylated oxazolobenzazepines 6 and 14 did not interact with the phencyclidine binding site of NMDA receptors and σ2 receptors. However, the σ1 receptor preferred cis-configured oxazolobenzazepines. The highest σ1 receptor affinities were obtained for cis-14a (Ki = 26 nM) and cis-6b (Ki = 30 nM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Markus
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Bastian Frehland
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Münster, Germany.,Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, GRK 2515, Chemical Biology of Ion Channels (Chembion), Münster, Germany
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4
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Markus A, Schreiber JA, Goerges G, Frehland B, Seebohm G, Schepmann D, Wünsch B. Phenol-Benzoxazolone bioisosteres: Synthesis and biological evaluation of tricyclic GluN2B-selective N-methyl- d-aspartate receptor antagonists. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2200147. [PMID: 35606894 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tricyclic tetrahydrooxazolo[4,5-h]-[3]benzazepin-9-ols 22 were designed as phenol bioisosteres of tetrahydro-3-benzazepine-1,7-diols. Key features of the synthesis are the introduction of the trifluoromethylsulfonyl and allyl protective groups at the heterocyclic N-atoms. Two methods were developed to convert the triflyl-protected ketone 16 into tricyclic alcohols 21 bearing various N-substituents. According to the first method, trifluoromethanesulfinate was removed by K2 CO3 . Following the selective reduction of the imino moiety of 17 with NaBH(OAc)3 afforded the aminoketone 18, which was reductively alkylated and reduced. According to the second method, both the imine and the ketone of the iminoketone 17 were reduced with NaBH4 to yield the aminoalcohol 20, which was alkylated or reductively alkylated to form tertiary amines 21f-21r. In the last step, the allyl protective group of 21 was removed with RhCl3 and HCl to obtain oxazolones 22. In receptor binding studies using [3 H]ifenprodil as radioligand ketone, 22m showed the highest GluN2B affinity (Ki = 88 nM). However, a reduced affinity toward GluN2B subunit-containing N-methyl- d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors was observed for oxazolones 22 compared to bioisosteric 3-benzazepine-1,7-diols. High selectivity of 22m for the ifenprodil binding site of GluN2B-NMDA receptors over the 1-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)piperidine binding site and σ2 receptors was observed, but only negligible selectivity over σ1 receptors. In two-electrode voltage clamp experiments, the 4-phenylbutyl derivative 22d (Ki = 422 nM) demonstrated 80% inhibition of ion flux at a concentration of 1 µM. The differences in GluN2B affinity and inhibitory activity are explained by docking studies. In conclusion, 22d is regarded as a novel scaffold of highly potent GluN1/GluN2B antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Markus
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Julian A Schreiber
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Gunnar Goerges
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Bastian Frehland
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Guiscard Seebohm
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.,GRK 2515, Chemical Biology of Ion Channels (Chembion), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany.,GRK 2515, Chemical Biology of Ion Channels (Chembion), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
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5
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Jonas H, Aiello D, Frehland B, Lehmkuhl K, Schepmann D, Köhler J, Diana P, Wünsch B. Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of enantiomerically pure endo-configured KOR agonists with 2-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane scaffold. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:8384-8396. [PMID: 34528988 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01498f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Conformationally restricted bicyclic KOR agonists 10 with an endo-configured amino moiety were synthesized to analyze the bioactive conformation of conformationally flexible KOR agonists such as 2-5. A seven-step synthesis starting with (S)-configured 4-oxopiperidine-2-carboxylate 13 was developed. cis- and trans-configured diesters 12 were obtained in a 3 : 1 ratio via hydrogenation of the α,β-unsaturated ester 14. After establishment of the bicyclic scaffold, a diastereoselective reductive amination of ketone 11 provided exclusively the endo-configured bicyclic amines 10a,b. The 3 : 1 mixtures of enantiomers were separated by chiral HPLC, respectively, leading to enantiomerically pure KOR agonists (1S,5S,7R)-10a,b and (1R,5R,7S)-10a,b (ent-10a,b). The KOR affinity was determined in receptor binding studies with the radioligand [3H]U-69 593. The high KOR affinity of endo-configured amines 10a (Ki = 7 nM) and 10b (Ki = 13 nM) indicates that the dihedral angle of the KOR pharmacophoric element N(pyrrolidine)-C-C-N(phenylacetyl) of 42° is close to the bioactive conformation of more flexible KOR agonists. It should be noted that changing the configuration of potent and selective KOR agonists 10a and 10b led to potent and selective σ1 ligands (e.g. ent-10aKi(σ1) = 10 nM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Jonas
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany. .,Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, I-90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniele Aiello
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, I-90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Bastian Frehland
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Kirstin Lehmkuhl
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Jens Köhler
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Patrizia Diana
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, I-90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
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Bechthold E, Schreiber JA, Lehmkuhl K, Frehland B, Schepmann D, Bernal FA, Daniliuc C, Álvarez I, Garcia CV, Schmidt TJ, Seebohm G, Wünsch B. Ifenprodil Stereoisomers: Synthesis, Absolute Configuration, and Correlation with Biological Activity. J Med Chem 2021; 64:1170-1179. [PMID: 33426889 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Ifenprodil (1) is a potent GluN2B-selective N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist that is used as a cerebral vasodilator and has been examined in clinical trials for the treatment of drug addiction, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and COVID-19. To correlate biological data with configuration, all four ifenprodil stereoisomers were prepared by diastereoselective reduction and subsequent separation of enantiomers by chiral HPLC. The absolute configuration of ifenprodil stereoisomers was determined by X-ray crystal structure analysis of (1R,2S)-1a and (1S,2S)-1d. GluN2B affinity, ion channel inhibitory activity, and selectivity over α, σ, and 5-HT receptors were evaluated. (1R,2R)-Ifenprodil ((1R,2R)-1c) showed the highest affinity toward GluN2B-NMDA receptors (Ki = 5.8 nM) and high inhibition of ion flux in two-electrode voltage clamp experiments (IC50 = 223 nM). Whereas the configuration did not influence considerably the GluN2B-NMDA receptor binding, (1R)-configuration is crucial for elevated inhibitory activity. (1R,2R)-Configured ifenprodil (1R,2R)-1c exhibited high selectivity for GluN2B-NMDA receptors over adrenergic, serotonergic, and σ1 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Bechthold
- GRK 2515, Chemical Biology of Ion Channels (Chembion), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany.,Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Julian A Schreiber
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany.,Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 45, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Kirstin Lehmkuhl
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bastian Frehland
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Freddy A Bernal
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Phytochemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin Daniliuc
- Organisch-chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Inés Álvarez
- In Vitro Pharmacology, WeLab, Parc Cientific de Barcelona, Baldiri Reixac 4-8, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Val Garcia
- Grupo de Investigación Biofarma. Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica. Centro de Investigación CIMUS. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostella, Spain
| | - Thomas J Schmidt
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Phytochemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Guiscard Seebohm
- GRK 2515, Chemical Biology of Ion Channels (Chembion), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany.,Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 45, D-48149 Münster, Germany.,Grupo de Investigación Biofarma. Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica. Centro de Investigación CIMUS. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostella, Spain
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- GRK 2515, Chemical Biology of Ion Channels (Chembion), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany.,Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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7
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Schreiber JA, Schepmann D, Frehland B, Thum S, Datunashvili M, Budde T, Hollmann M, Strutz-Seebohm N, Wünsch B, Seebohm G. A common mechanism allows selective targeting of GluN2B subunit-containing N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. Commun Biol 2019; 2:420. [PMID: 31754650 PMCID: PMC6858350 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0645-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), especially GluN2B-containing NMDARs, are associated with neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson, Alzheimer and Huntington based on their high Ca2+ conductivity. Overactivation leads to high intracellular Ca2+ concentrations and cell death rendering GluN2B-selective inhibitors as promising drug candidates. Ifenprodil represents the first highly potent prototypical, subtype-selective inhibitor of GluN2B-containing NMDARs. However, activity of ifenprodil on serotonergic, adrenergic and sigma receptors limits its therapeutic use. Structural reorganization of the ifenprodil scaffold to obtain 3-benzazepines retained inhibitory GluN2B activity but decreased the affinity at the mentioned non-NMDARs. While scaffold optimization improves the selectivity, the molecular inhibitory mechanism of these compounds is still not known. Here, we show a common inhibitory mechanism of ifenprodil and the related 3-benzazepines by mutational modifications of the receptor binding site, chemical modifications of the 3-benzazepine scaffold and subsequent in silico simulation of the inhibitory mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian A. Schreiber
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bastian Frehland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Simone Thum
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Maia Datunashvili
- Institute of Physiology I, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 27a, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas Budde
- Institute of Physiology I, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 27a, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003 - CiM), University Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Hollmann
- Department of Biochemistry I - Receptor Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, D-44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Nathalie Strutz-Seebohm
- Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 45, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003 - CiM), University Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Guiscard Seebohm
- Cellular Electrophysiology and Molecular Biology, Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 45, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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8
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Temme L, Schepmann D, Schreiber JA, Frehland B, Wünsch B. Comparative Pharmacological Study of Common NMDA Receptor Open Channel Blockers Regarding Their Affinity and Functional Activity toward GluN2A and GluN2B NMDA Receptors. ChemMedChem 2018; 13:446-452. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Louisa Temme
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 48 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 48 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Julian A. Schreiber
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 48 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Bastian Frehland
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 48 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 48 48149 Münster Germany
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003-CiM); Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Germany
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9
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Heimann D, Börgel F, de Vries H, Bachmann K, Rose VE, Frehland B, Schepmann D, Heitman LH, Wünsch B. Optimization of pharmacokinetic properties by modification of a carbazole-based cannabinoid receptor subtype 2 (CB2) ligand. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 143:1436-1447. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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10
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Temme L, Frehland B, Schepmann D, Robaa D, Sippl W, Wünsch B. Hydroxymethyl bioisosteres of phenolic GluN2B-selective NMDA receptor antagonists: Design, synthesis and pharmacological evaluation. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 144:672-681. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.12.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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11
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Heimann D, Lueg C, de Vries H, Frehland B, Schepmann D, Heitman LH, Wünsch B. Bioisosteric replacement of central 1,2,4-oxadiazole ring of high affinity CB 2 ligands by regioisomeric 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring. Medchemcomm 2017; 8:1697-1705. [PMID: 30108881 DOI: 10.1039/c7md00296c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that bioisosteric replacement of an 1,2,4-oxadiazole ring by an 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring leads to higher polarity, reduced metabolic degradation by human liver microsomes and reduced interaction with hERG channels. In a seven to eight step synthesis 1,3,4-oxadiazles 9a-c were synthesized as bioisosteric analogs of high-affinity but rather lipophilic CB2 ligands 1a-c containing an 1,2,4-oxadiazole ring. The 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives 9a and 9b show 10- and 50-fold reduced CB2 affinity compared to the 1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives 1a and 1b, respectively. However, the 1,3,4-oxadiazole 9a has high CB2 affinity (Ki = 25 nM) and high selectivity over the CB1 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Heimann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 48 , D-48149 Münster , Germany . ; ; Tel: +49 251 8333311
| | - Corinna Lueg
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 48 , D-48149 Münster , Germany . ; ; Tel: +49 251 8333311
| | - Henk de Vries
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry , Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research , Leiden University , P.O. Box 9502 , 2300 RA Leiden , The Netherlands
| | - Bastian Frehland
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 48 , D-48149 Münster , Germany . ; ; Tel: +49 251 8333311
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 48 , D-48149 Münster , Germany . ; ; Tel: +49 251 8333311
| | - Laura H Heitman
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry , Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research , Leiden University , P.O. Box 9502 , 2300 RA Leiden , The Netherlands
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 48 , D-48149 Münster , Germany . ; ; Tel: +49 251 8333311.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003 - CiM) , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Germany
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12
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Dey S, Temme L, Schreiber JA, Schepmann D, Frehland B, Lehmkuhl K, Strutz-Seebohm N, Seebohm G, Wünsch B. Deconstruction - reconstruction approach to analyze the essential structural elements of tetrahydro-3-benzazepine-based antagonists of GluN2B subunit containing NMDA receptors. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 138:552-564. [PMID: 28704758 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.06.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The role of the phenolic and benzylic OH moieties for the interaction of tetrahydro-3-benzazepine-1,7-diol 3d with GluN2B subunit containing NMDA receptors was analyzed by their stepwise removal. Elimination of trifluormethanesulfinate from 10 and 13 represent the key steps in the synthesis. Removal of phenolic OH moiety led to 5-fold reduced GluN2B affinity of 4d compared with 3d. Additional removal of the benzylic OH moiety (5d) resulted in further reduced GluN2B affinity but increased σ1 and σ2 affinities. Introduction of a NO2 (6d) or NH2 moiety (7d) decreased the GluN2B affinity. 3-Benzazepin-1-ol 4i with the N-phenylcyclohexyl side chain showed the highest GluN2B affinity of this series of compounds (Ki = 2.2 nM) and, moreover, high selectivity over the PCP binding site, σ1 and σ2 receptors. In docking studies 3-benzazepines (S)-4-7 adopt the same binding poses as ifenprodil and display the same crucial interactions. Unexpectedly, the high-affinity ligands (S)-4i, (S)-4j, and (S)-6i were not able to inhibit the glutamate/glycine evoked current in two-electrode voltage clamp measurements and the cytotoxic effects of glutamate/glycine on transfected cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sougata Dey
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany; NRW Graduate School of Chemistry, Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 10, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Louisa Temme
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Julian A Schreiber
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bastian Frehland
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Kirstin Lehmkuhl
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Nathalie Strutz-Seebohm
- Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Guiscard Seebohm
- Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany; Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003 - CiM), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Germany.
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13
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Soeberdt M, Molenveld P, Storcken RPM, Bouzanne des Mazery R, Sterk GJ, Autar R, Bolster MG, Wagner C, Aerts SNH, van Holst FR, Wegert A, Tangherlini G, Frehland B, Schepmann D, Metze D, Lotts T, Knie U, Lin KY, Huang TY, Lai CC, Ständer S, Wünsch B, Abels C. Design and Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure Decahydroquinoxalines as Potent and Selective κ-Opioid Receptor Agonists with Anti-Inflammatory Activity in Vivo. J Med Chem 2017; 60:2526-2551. [PMID: 28218838 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In order to develop novel κ agonists restricted to the periphery, a diastereo- and enantioselective synthesis of (4aR,5S,8aS)-configured decahydroquinoxalines 5-8 was developed. Physicochemical and pharmacological properties were fine-tuned by structural modifications in the arylacetamide and amine part of the pharmacophore as well as in the amine part outside the pharmacophore. The decahydroquinoxalines 5-8 show single-digit nanomolar to subnanomolar κ-opioid receptor affinity, full κ agonistic activity in the [35S]GTPγS assay, and high selectivity over μ, δ, σ1, and σ2 receptors as well as the PCP binding site of the NMDA receptor. Several analogues were selective for the periphery. The anti-inflammatory activity of 5-8 after topical application was investigated in two mouse models of dermatitis. The methanesulfonamide 8a containing the (S)-configured hydroxypyrrolidine ring was identified as a potent (Ki = 0.63 nM) and highly selective κ agonist (EC50 = 1.8 nM) selective for the periphery with dose-dependent anti-inflammatory activity in acute and chronic skin inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Soeberdt
- Dr. August Wolff GmbH & Co. KG Arzneimittel , Sudbrackstraße 56, D-33611 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Peter Molenveld
- Mercachem , Kerkenbos 1013, NL-6546 BB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Roy P M Storcken
- Mercachem , Kerkenbos 1013, NL-6546 BB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Geert Jan Sterk
- Mercachem , Kerkenbos 1013, NL-6546 BB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Reshma Autar
- Mercachem , Kerkenbos 1013, NL-6546 BB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marjon G Bolster
- Mercachem , Kerkenbos 1013, NL-6546 BB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Clemens Wagner
- Mercachem , Kerkenbos 1013, NL-6546 BB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Anita Wegert
- Mercachem , Kerkenbos 1013, NL-6546 BB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Giovanni Tangherlini
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster , Correnstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003-CiM), Universität Münster , D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bastian Frehland
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster , Correnstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster , Correnstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003-CiM), Universität Münster , D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Dieter Metze
- Klinik für Hautkrankheiten, Universitätsklinikium Münster , Von-Esmarch-Straße 58, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Tobias Lotts
- Klinik für Hautkrankheiten, Universitätsklinikium Münster , Von-Esmarch-Straße 58, D-48149 Münster, Germany.,Kompetenzzentrum chronischer Pruritus (KCP), Universitätsklinikium Münster , Von-Esmarch-Straße 58, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ulrich Knie
- Dr. August Wolff GmbH & Co. KG Arzneimittel , Sudbrackstraße 56, D-33611 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Kun-Yuan Lin
- Eurofins Panlabs Taiwan, Ltd. , 158 Li-Teh Road, Peitou, Taipei 11259, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Yu Huang
- Eurofins Panlabs Taiwan, Ltd. , 158 Li-Teh Road, Peitou, Taipei 11259, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Lai
- Eurofins Panlabs Taiwan, Ltd. , 158 Li-Teh Road, Peitou, Taipei 11259, Taiwan
| | - Sonja Ständer
- Klinik für Hautkrankheiten, Universitätsklinikium Münster , Von-Esmarch-Straße 58, D-48149 Münster, Germany.,Kompetenzzentrum chronischer Pruritus (KCP), Universitätsklinikium Münster , Von-Esmarch-Straße 58, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster , Correnstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003-CiM), Universität Münster , D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Christoph Abels
- Dr. August Wolff GmbH & Co. KG Arzneimittel , Sudbrackstraße 56, D-33611 Bielefeld, Germany
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14
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Tewes B, Frehland B, Fröhlich R, Wünsch B. Crystal structure of (1S*,2R*)-7-benz-yloxy-2-methyl-3-tosyl-2,3,4,5-tetra-hydro-1H-3-benz-azepin-1-ol: elucidation of the relative configuration of potent allosteric GluN2B selective NMDA receptor antagonists. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2016; 72:683-6. [PMID: 27308018 PMCID: PMC4908544 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989016005855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Tetrahydro-3-benzazepines with a hydroxy group in the 1-position and a methyl group in the 2-position were designed as conformationally restricted ifenprodil analogues. The enantiomerically pure 3-benzazepine (S,R)-4 representing a constitutional isomer of ifenprodil shows high affinity towards the ifenprodil binding site (Ki = 26 nM) and high antagonistic activity at the NMDA receptor (IC50 = 9.0 nM). The crystal structure analysis of the intermediate sulfonamide (S,R)-2 was performed in order to assign unequivocally the relative configuration of the methyl and hydroxy groups. In the title compound, C25H27NO4S, which crystallized as a racemate, the relative configuration of the adjacent OH and CH3 groups on the azepine ring is trans. The seven-membered azepin ring has a chair-like conformation. The planar aromatic rings of the benzyl and tosylate moiety are inclined to the planar 3-benzazepine ring by 78.39 (15) and 77.03 (14)°, respectively, and to each another by 13.82 (15)°. In the crystal, molecules are linked via O—H⋯O and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming double-stranded chains along the a-axis direction. The chains are linked via C—H⋯π interactions, forming a three-dimensional architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Tewes
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bastian Frehland
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Roland Fröhlich
- Organisch-chemisches Institut der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstr. 40, D-48149-Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany; Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003 - CiM), Universität Münster, Germany
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15
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Tewes B, Frehland B, Fröhlich R, Wünsch B. Novel GluN2B selective NMDA receptor antagonists: relative configuration of 7-meth-oxy-2-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetra-hydro-1H-3-benzazepin-1-ols. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2016; 72:687-91. [PMID: 27308019 PMCID: PMC4908524 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989016005843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Introduction of the flexible aminoalcohol substructure of ifenprodil into a more rigid ring system resulted in 2-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepin-1-ols, (3) and (4), showing GluN2B affinity in the low nanomolar range. The chiral pool synthesis starting with (R)-alanine led to two diastereomers. The relative configuration of the benzazepines (3) and (4), that crystallized as racemates, was determined to be (S*,R*)-3 and (R*,R*)-4. The title compounds, C22H29NO2 (3) and C22H29NO2 (4) [systematic names: (1S*,2R*)-7-methoxy-2-methyl-3-(4-phenylbutyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepin-1-ol and (1R*,2R*)-7-methoxy-2-methyl-3-(4-phenylbutyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepin-1-ol, are diastereomers with the relative configuration of the adjacent hydroxyl and methyl groups at the seven-membered azepine ring being trans in (3) and cis in (4). In the crystals the orientation of these groups is −anti-periplanar (3) and +syn-clinal (4). In both cases, the crystals studied proved to be of a racemic mixture, with relative configurations (R*,S*)-3 and (R*,R*)-4. In both compounds, the seven-membered azepine ring has a chair-like conformation, and the 4-phenylbutyl side chain adopts a extended conformation in (R*,S*)-3, but a twisted conformation in (R*,R*)-4. In the crystal of (S*,R*)-3, molecules are linked via C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming slabs parallel to the ac plane. In the crystal of (R*,R*)-4, molecules are linked via O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming chains propagating along the c-axis direction. The chains are linked by C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming slabs parallel to the ac plane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Tewes
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bastian Frehland
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Roland Fröhlich
- Organisch-chemisches Institut der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstr. 40, D-48149-Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany; Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003 - CiM), Universität Münster, Germany
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16
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Junker A, Kokornaczyk AK, Zweemer AJM, Frehland B, Schepmann D, Yamaguchi J, Itami K, Faust A, Hermann S, Wagner S, Schäfers M, Koch M, Weiss C, Heitman LH, Kopka K, Wünsch B. Synthesis, binding affinity and structure-activity relationships of novel, selective and dual targeting CCR2 and CCR5 receptor antagonists. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:2407-22. [PMID: 25566983 DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02397h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
CCR2 and CCR5 receptors play a key role in the development and progression of several inflammatory, cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases. Therefore, dual targeting of both receptors appeals as a promising strategy for the treatment of such complex, multifactorial disorders. Herein we report on the design, synthesis and biological evaluation of benzo[7]annulene- and [7]annulenothiophene-based selective and dual CCR2 and CCR5 receptor antagonists. Intermediates were designed in such a way that diversification could be introduced at the end of the synthesis. Starting from the lead compound TAK-779 (1), the quaternary ammonium moiety was exchanged by different non-charged moieties, the 4-methylphenyl moiety was extensively modified and the benzo[7]annulene core was replaced bioisosterically by the [7]annulenothiophene system. The naphthyl derivative 9h represents the most promising dual antagonist (Ki (CCR2) = 25 nM, IC50 (CCR5) = 17 nM), whereas the 6-isopropoxy-3-pyridyl and 4-methoxycarbonylphenyl derivatives 9k and 9r show more than 20-fold selectivity for the CCR2 (Ki = 19 nM) over the CCR5 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Junker
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstr. 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
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17
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Tewes B, Frehland B, Schepmann D, Robaa D, Uengwetwanit T, Gaube F, Winckler T, Sippl W, Wünsch B. Enantiomerically Pure 2-Methyltetrahydro-3-benzazepin-1-ols Selectively Blocking GluN2B Subunit Containing N-Methyl-d-aspartate Receptors. J Med Chem 2015; 58:6293-305. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Tewes
- Institut für
Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bastian Frehland
- Institut für
Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für
Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Dina Robaa
- Institut
für Pharmazie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Strasse
4, D-06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Tanaporn Uengwetwanit
- Institut
für Pharmazie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Strasse
4, D-06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Friedemann Gaube
- Institut für
Pharmazie der Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Semmelweisstraße 10, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Winckler
- Institut für
Pharmazie der Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Semmelweisstraße 10, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Sippl
- Institut
für Pharmazie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Strasse
4, D-06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für
Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- Cells-in-Motion
Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003-CiM), Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
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18
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Torres-Gómez H, Lehmkuhl K, Frehland B, Daniliuc C, Schepmann D, Ehrhardt C, Wünsch B. Stereoselective synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of [4.3.3]propellan-8-amines as analogs of adamantanamines. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:4277-4285. [PMID: 26145819 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Amantadine (1) exerts its anti-Parkinson effects by inhibition of the NMDA associated cation channel and its antiviral activity by inhibition of the M2 protein channel of influenza A viruses. Herein the synthesis, NMDA receptor affinity and anti-influenza activity of analogous propellanamines 3 are reported. The key steps in the synthesis of the diastereomeric propellanamines syn-3 and anti-3 are diastereoselective reduction of the ketone 7 with L-Selectride to give anti-11, Mitsunobu inversion of the alcohol anti-13 into syn-13, and SN2 substitution of diastereomeric mesylates syn-14 and anti-14 with NaN3. The affinity of the propellanamines syn-3 and anti-3 to the PCP binding site of the NMDA receptor is similar to that of amantadine (Ki=11 μM). However, both propellanamines syn-3 and anti-3 do not exhibit activity against influenza A viruses. Compared to amantadine (1), the structurally related propellanamines syn-3 and anti-3 retain the NMDA antagonistic activity but loose the antiviral activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Torres-Gómez
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Kirstin Lehmkuhl
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bastian Frehland
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Christina Ehrhardt
- Institut für Molekulare Virologie, Zentrum für Molekularbiologie der Entzündung (ZMBE) der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Von-Esmarch-Str. 56, D-48149 Münster, Germany; Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003 - CiM), University Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany; Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003 - CiM), University Münster, Germany.
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19
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Hasebein P, Frehland B, Lehmkuhl K, Fröhlich R, Schepmann D, Wünsch B. Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of like- and unlike-configured tetrahydro-2-benzazepines with the α-substituted benzyl moiety in the 5-position. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 12:5407-26. [PMID: 24934693 DOI: 10.1039/c4ob00510d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A large set of tetrahydro-2-benzazepines with an α-hydroxy or α-(aryl)alkoxy substituted benzyl moiety in the 5-position was prepared according to the recently reported C6C1 + C3N synthetic strategy. The Heck reaction of 2-iodobenzaldehyde acetal 4 and the subsequent Stetter reaction led to the ketone 7, which was reduced diastereoselectively to form the like-configured alcohol 8. The diastereomeric unlike-configured alcohol 9 was obtained by a Mitsunobu inversion of 8. Alkylation and reductive cyclization of the diastereomeric alcohols 8 and 9 provided like- and unlike-configured 2-benzazepines 13 and 23, which allowed the introduction of various substituents at the N-atom. Analysis of the relationship between the structure and the σ1 affinity revealed that large substituents such as the butyl, benzyl or 4-phenylbutyl moiety at the benzazepine N-atom resulted in high affinity ligands. A p-methoxybenzyl ether is less tolerated by the σ1 receptor than a methyl ether or an alcohol. The unlike-configured alcohols 25d and 27d show slightly higher σ1 affinity than their like-configured diastereomers 15d and 17d. With respect to the σ1 affinity, σ1/σ2 selectivity and lipophilic ligand efficiency, like- and unlike-configured alcohols 15d and 25d represent the most promising σ1 ligands of this series. Interactions of the novel 2-benzazepines with various binding sites of the NMDA receptor were not observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peer Hasebein
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
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20
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Hasebein P, Frehland B, Schepmann D, Wünsch B. Synthesis, σ Receptor Affinity, and Pharmacological Evaluation of 5-Phenylsulfanyl- and 5-Benzyl-Substituted Tetrahydro-2-benzazepines. ChemMedChem 2014; 9:1697-703. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201402110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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21
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Lueg C, Galla F, Frehland B, Schepmann D, Daniliuc CG, Deuther-Conrad W, Brust P, Wünsch B. Hydroxyalkylation with Cyclic Sulfates: Synthesis of Carbazole Derived CB2Ligands with Increased Polarity. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2013; 347:21-31. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201300255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Revised: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Lueg
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Münster Germany
| | - Fabian Galla
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Münster Germany
| | - Bastian Frehland
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Münster Germany
| | - Dirk Schepmann
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Münster Germany
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch-chemisches Institut der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Münster Germany
| | - Winnie Deuther-Conrad
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf; Institut für Radiopharmazeutische Krebsforschung Forschungsstelle Leipzig, Abteilung Neuroradiopharmaka; Leipzig Germany
| | - Peter Brust
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf; Institut für Radiopharmazeutische Krebsforschung Forschungsstelle Leipzig, Abteilung Neuroradiopharmaka; Leipzig Germany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Münster Germany
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22
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Brune S, Schepmann D, Lehmkuhl K, Frehland B, Wünsch B. Characterization of ligand binding to the σ(1) receptor in a human tumor cell line (RPMI 8226) and establishment of a competitive receptor binding assay. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2011; 10:365-74. [PMID: 22192304 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2011.0376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The standard assay for the determination of σ(1) receptor affinities of novel compounds is a competitive binding assay using [(3)H]-(+)-pentazocine as radioligand and membrane preparations from guinea pig brain. Herein, a novel competitive binding assay was developed employing the hematopoietic cell line of human multiple myeloma (RPMI 8226), which expresses a large amount of the human σ(1) receptor. Membrane fragments of RPMI 8226 cells were prepared and characterized. A Western blot analysis confirmed the high density of σ(1) receptors in this cell line. Assay conditions were carefully optimized leading to an incubation period of 120 min, an incubation temperature of 37°C, and receptor material for each well was prepared from 300,000 cells. It was shown that a large excess (10 μM) of (+)-pentazocine, haloperidol, and di-o-tolylguanidine provided the same results during determination of the nonspecific binding. Saturation experiments with the radioligand [(3)H]-(+)-pentazocine led to a K(d)-value of 36±0.3 nM and a B(max)-value of 477±7 fmol/mg protein. These data resulted in approximately 122,000 σ(1) binding sites per cell. The assay was validated by using six known σ(1) ligands and eight σ(1) ligands prepared in our lab. The K(i)-values determined with RPMI 8226-derived receptor material are in good accordance with the K(i)-values obtained with guinea pig brain membrane preparations. Compared with guinea pig brain preparations, the RPMI 8226-derived receptor material represents a better standardized receptor material with a high density of human σ(1) receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Brune
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Westfalian Wilhelms-University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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23
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Tewes B, Frehland B, Schepmann D, Schmidtke KU, Winckler T, Wünsch B. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of 3-Benzazepin-1-ols as NR2B-Selective NMDA Receptor Antagonists. ChemMedChem 2010; 5:687-95. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201000005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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