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Kousar R, Lin CH, Patrick B, He M, Wu DC, Li XG. What nature has to offer: Opportunities for immuno-oncology. J Food Drug Anal 2023; 31:212-231. [PMID: 37335163 DOI: 10.38212/2224-6614.3459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent rapid development of cancer therapy has come about with the paradigm shift from the traditional goal of targeting cancer cells themselves, to reprograming the immune tumor microenvironment. Accumulating evidence shows that compounds that target epigenetic regulation, called epidrugs, play a crucial role in mediating the immunogenicity of cancer cells and in reshaping antitumor immunity. A large body of literature has recognized natural compounds as epigenetic modulators for their immunomodulatory effects and anticancer potential. Unifying our understanding of the role of these biologically active compounds in immuno-oncology may open new avenues for more effective cancer therapies. In this review, we explore how natural compounds modulate the epigenetic machinery to shape antitumor immune response, highlighting the promise offered by the Mother Nature that could be exploited therapeutically to improve outcomes for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubina Kousar
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Han Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan
| | - Bbumba Patrick
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan
| | - Miao He
- PhD Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Dong-Chuan Wu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan
- Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Xing-Guo Li
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan
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Patrick B, Akhtar T, Kousar R, Huang CC, Li XG. Carbon Nanomaterials: Emerging Roles in Immuno-Oncology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076600. [PMID: 37047572 PMCID: PMC10095276 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has made breakthrough progress in cancer treatment. However, only a subset of patients benefits from immunotherapy. Given their unique structure, composition, and interactions with the immune system, carbon nanomaterials have recently attracted tremendous interest in their roles as modulators of antitumor immunity. Here, we focused on the latest advances in the immunological effects of carbon nanomaterials. We also reviewed the current preclinical applications of these materials in cancer therapy. Finally, we discussed the challenges to be overcome before the full potential of carbon nanomaterials can be utilized in cancer therapies to ultimately improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bbumba Patrick
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Tahira Akhtar
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
- Institute of Translational Medicine and New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Rubina Kousar
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Huang
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan
| | - Xing-Guo Li
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
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Lebedev T, Kousar R, Patrick B, Usama M, Lee MK, Tan M, Li XG. Targeting ARID1A-Deficient Cancers: An Immune-Metabolic Perspective. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060952. [PMID: 36980292 PMCID: PMC10047504 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic remodeling and metabolic reprogramming, two well-known cancer hallmarks, are highly intertwined. In addition to their abilities to confer cancer cell growth advantage, these alterations play a critical role in dynamically shaping the tumor microenvironment and antitumor immunity. Recent studies point toward the interplay between epigenetic regulation and metabolic rewiring as a potentially targetable Achilles' heel in cancer. In this review, we explore the key metabolic mechanisms that underpin the immunomodulatory role of AT-rich interaction domain 1A (ARID1A), the most frequently mutated epigenetic regulator across human cancers. We will summarize the recent advances in targeting ARID1A-deficient cancers by harnessing immune-metabolic vulnerability elicited by ARID1A deficiency to stimulate antitumor immune response, and ultimately, to improve patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timofey Lebedev
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Rubina Kousar
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 110122, Taiwan
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 110122, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 110122, Taiwan
| | - Bbumba Patrick
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 110122, Taiwan
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 110122, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 110122, Taiwan
| | - Muhammad Usama
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 110122, Taiwan
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 110122, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 110122, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Kuei Lee
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 110122, Taiwan
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 110122, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 110122, Taiwan
| | - Ming Tan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 110122, Taiwan
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 110122, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 110122, Taiwan
| | - Xing-Guo Li
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 110122, Taiwan
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 110122, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 110122, Taiwan
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Patrick B, Camille G, Carine J, Leslie D, Nicolas R, Pascale B, Hélène D, Sandrine B. 646 Anti-pollution and anti-oxidant effects of two formulations containing Taraxacum officinalis root extract on human skin explant. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Patrick B, Thérèse N, Séverine J, Priscilla L, Sandrine B, Ana-Beatris R, Hélène D. 767 Pre-clinical and clinical efficacy of a dermo-cosmetic skin lightening cream in women suffering from melasma. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.02.792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Rouvrais C, Bacqueville D, Patrick B, Haure M, Duprat L, Coutanceau C, Castex-Rizzi N, Hélène D, Mengeaud V, Bessou-Touya S. 552 Assessment of antiaging properties of retinaldehyde/delta-tocopherol glucoside/glycylglycine oleamide combination. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.02.573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Abstract
We describe a new wound dressing technology that can actively generate an inorganic germicide agent, in situ, within the wound pad. The technology provides real time control over the quantitative, spatial and temporal delivery of the germicide. The identity of the germicide is hypochlorous acid (HClO). The HClO is produced in a flexible wound pad, made of a composite of thin (micrometer scale) layers of various materials, with different electrochemical properties that enhance HClO production. Active control over the production of HClO is achieved by control of the pH and of the electric potential across the layers. The effectiveness of the Active HClO Pad (AHClOP) concept is demonstrated in a study on sterilization of E. coli in a deep wound contamination simulating gel. The performance of the AHClOP is compared with that of four commercial wound dressings. Results show that the AHClOP can sterilize throughout the gel, while the commercial dressings cannot.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Rubinsky
- RM2 Technologies LTD., 31 Pegasus Drive, Coto De Caza, CA, 92679, USA
| | - B Patrick
- RM2 Technologies LTD., 31 Pegasus Drive, Coto De Caza, CA, 92679, USA.,Exponent, Inc., 149 Commonwealth Dr., Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - P Mikus
- RM2 Technologies LTD., 31 Pegasus Drive, Coto De Caza, CA, 92679, USA
| | - B Rubinsky
- RM2 Technologies LTD., 31 Pegasus Drive, Coto De Caza, CA, 92679, USA. .,Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
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Mehta P, Barshatzky M, Potempska A, Patrick B, Mehta S, Wegiel J, Miller D. Production and Characterization of High Affinity Rabbit Monoclonal Antibodies (RmAbs) to Amyloid 38 (A 38) Peptide (P02.060). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.p02.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Matthews M, Patrick B. A new diurnal species of Heliothinae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) endemic to New Zealand. J NAT HIST 1998. [DOI: 10.1080/00222939800770131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Hendee SP, Faour FA, Christensen DA, Patrick B, Durney CH, Blumenthal DK. The effects of weak extremely low frequency magnetic fields on calcium/calmodulin interactions. Biophys J 1996; 70:2915-23. [PMID: 8744329 PMCID: PMC1225271 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(96)79861-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms by which weak electromagnetic fields may affect biological systems are of current interest because of their potential health effects. Lednev has proposed an ion parametric resonance hypothesis (Lednev, 1991, Bioelectromagnetics, 12:71-75), which predicts that when the ac, frequency of a combined dc-ac magnetic field equals the cyclotron frequency of calcium, the affinity of calcium for calcium-binding proteins such as calmodulin will be markedly affected. The present study evaluated Lednev's theory using two independent systems, each sensitive to changes in the affinity of calcium for calmodulin. One of the systems used was the calcium/calmodulin-dependent activation of myosin light chain kinase, a system similar to that previously used by Lednev. The other system monitored optical changes in the binding of a fluorescent peptide to the calcium/calmodulin complex. Each system was exposed to a 20.9 microT static field superimposed on a 20.9 microT sinusoidal field over a narrow frequency range centered at 16 Hz, the cyclotron frequency of the unhydrated calcium ion. In contrast to Lednev's predictions, no significant effect of combined dc-ac magnetic fields on calcium/calmodulin interactions was indicated in either experimental system.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Hendee
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City 84112, USA
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Leppik IE, Derivan AT, Homan RW, Walker J, Ramsay RE, Patrick B. Double-blind study of lorazepam and diazepam in status epilepticus. JAMA 1983; 249:1452-4. [PMID: 6131148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Lorazepam was compared with diazepam for the treatment of status epilepticus in a double-blind, randomized trial. Seventy-eight patients with 81 episodes were enrolled. Patients received one or two doses of either 4 mg of lorazepam or 10 mg of diazepam intravenously. Seizures were controlled in 89% of the episodes treated with lorazepam and in 76% treated with diazepam. The times for onset of action of the medications did not differ significantly. Adverse effects occurred in 13% of the lorazepam-treated patients and in 12% of the diazepam-treated patients. Respiratory depression and arrest, the most frequent adverse effects, were treated symptomatically; no adverse sequelae were noted.
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Abstract
Large doses of phenytoin were administered on 159 occasions to 139 adult patients. Most patients had had more than three seizures or were in status epilepticus. Based on response to treatment, patients could be divided into two groups. Those with excellent response (recurrent seizures, 10%; mortality, 1%) included known epileptics with exacerbation of seizures (n = 75), atypical alcohol withdrawal (6), or miscellaneous conditions (17). Those with poor results (recurrent seizures, 57% mortality, 38%) included patients with anoxic or metabolic encephalopathy (14), stroke or other vascular disease (14), brain tumor (5), or trauma (5).
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Abstract
Phenytoin was administered intravenously in large doses (mean = 16.6 mg per kilogram) for prevention and treatment of seizures on 159 occasions to 139 patients aged 17 to 94 years (mean = 52 years) and weighing 37 to 113 kg (mean = 65 kg). Hypotension was more frequent among older patients. No deaths were attributable to phenytoin. Volumes of distribution were relatively constant (mean = 0.78 +/- 0.11 liters per kilogram), but half-lives varied considerably and were prolonged (mean = 51 +/- 32 hours) because of the large doses administered. A dose of 18 mg per kilogram was effective in maintaining phenytoin serum levels above 10 microgram per milliliter for 24 hours.
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