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Aceng JR, Ario AR, Muruta AN, Makumbi I, Nanyunja M, Komakech I, Bakainaga AN, Talisuna AO, Mwesigye C, Mpairwe AM, Tusiime JB, Lali WZ, Katushabe E, Ocom F, Kaggwa M, Bongomin B, Kasule H, Mwoga JN, Sensasi B, Mwebembezi E, Katureebe C, Sentumbwe O, Nalwadda R, Mbaka P, Fatunmbi BS, Nakiire L, Lamorde M, Walwema R, Kambugu A, Nanyondo J, Okware S, Ahabwe PB, Nabukenya I, Kayiwa J, Wetaka MM, Kyazze S, Kwesiga B, Kadobera D, Bulage L, Nanziri C, Monje F, Aliddeki DM, Ntono V, Gonahasa D, Nabatanzi S, Nsereko G, Nakinsige A, Mabumba E, Lubwama B, Sekamatte M, Kibuule M, Muwanguzi D, Amone J, Upenytho GD, Driwale A, Seru M, Sebisubi F, Akello H, Kabanda R, Mutengeki DK, Bakyaita T, Serwanjja VN, Okwi R, Okiria J, Ainebyoona E, Opar BT, Mimbe D, Kyabaggu D, Ayebazibwe C, Sentumbwe J, Mwanja M, Ndumu DB, Bwogi J, Balinandi S, Nyakarahuka L, Tumusiime A, Kyondo J, Mulei S, Lutwama J, Kaleebu P, Kagirita A, Nabadda S, Oumo P, Lukwago R, Kasozi J, Masylukov O, Kyobe HB, Berdaga V, Lwanga M, Opio JC, Matseketse D, Eyul J, Oteba MO, Bukirwa H, Bulya N, Masiira B, Kihembo C, Ohuabunwo C, Antara SN, Owembabazi W, Okot PB, Okwera J, Amoros I, Kajja V, Mukunda BS, Sorela I, Adams G, Shoemaker T, Klena JD, Taboy CH, Ward SE, Merrill RD, Carter RJ, Harris JR, Banage F, Nsibambi T, Ojwang J, Kasule JN, Stowell DF, Brown VR, Zhu BP, Homsy J, Nelson LJ, Tusiime PK, Olaro C, Mwebesa HG, Woldemariam YT. Uganda's experience in Ebola virus disease outbreak preparedness, 2018-2019. Global Health 2020; 16:24. [PMID: 32192540 PMCID: PMC7081536 DOI: 10.1186/s12992-020-00548-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the declaration of the 10th Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) outbreak in DRC on 1st Aug 2018, several neighboring countries have been developing and implementing preparedness efforts to prevent EVD cross-border transmission to enable timely detection, investigation, and response in the event of a confirmed EVD outbreak in the country. We describe Uganda's experience in EVD preparedness. RESULTS On 4 August 2018, the Uganda Ministry of Health (MoH) activated the Public Health Emergency Operations Centre (PHEOC) and the National Task Force (NTF) for public health emergencies to plan, guide, and coordinate EVD preparedness in the country. The NTF selected an Incident Management Team (IMT), constituting a National Rapid Response Team (NRRT) that supported activation of the District Task Forces (DTFs) and District Rapid Response Teams (DRRTs) that jointly assessed levels of preparedness in 30 designated high-risk districts representing category 1 (20 districts) and category 2 (10 districts). The MoH, with technical guidance from the World Health Organisation (WHO), led EVD preparedness activities and worked together with other ministries and partner organisations to enhance community-based surveillance systems, develop and disseminate risk communication messages, engage communities, reinforce EVD screening and infection prevention measures at Points of Entry (PoEs) and in high-risk health facilities, construct and equip EVD isolation and treatment units, and establish coordination and procurement mechanisms. CONCLUSION As of 31 May 2019, there was no confirmed case of EVD as Uganda has continued to make significant and verifiable progress in EVD preparedness. There is a need to sustain these efforts, not only in EVD preparedness but also across the entire spectrum of a multi-hazard framework. These efforts strengthen country capacity and compel the country to avail resources for preparedness and management of incidents at the source while effectively cutting costs of using a "fire-fighting" approach during public health emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alex R Ario
- Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda.
- Uganda Public Health Fellowship Program, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda.
| | | | - Issa Makumbi
- Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda
- Public Health Emergency Operations Centre, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - William Z Lali
- World Health Organisation, Country Office, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Felix Ocom
- World Health Organisation, Country Office, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Mugagga Kaggwa
- World Health Organisation, Country Office, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Bodo Bongomin
- World Health Organisation, Country Office, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Hafisa Kasule
- World Health Organisation, Country Office, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Joseph N Mwoga
- World Health Organisation, Country Office, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | | | | | | | - Rita Nalwadda
- World Health Organisation, Country Office, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Paul Mbaka
- World Health Organisation, Country Office, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Solome Okware
- Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda
- Infectious Disease Institute, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Immaculate Nabukenya
- Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda
- Infectious Disease Institute, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Joshua Kayiwa
- Public Health Emergency Operations Centre, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Milton M Wetaka
- Public Health Emergency Operations Centre, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Simon Kyazze
- Public Health Emergency Operations Centre, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Benon Kwesiga
- Uganda Public Health Fellowship Program, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Daniel Kadobera
- Uganda Public Health Fellowship Program, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Lilian Bulage
- Uganda Public Health Fellowship Program, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda
- African Field Epidemiology Network, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Carol Nanziri
- Uganda Public Health Fellowship Program, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Fred Monje
- Uganda Public Health Fellowship Program, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Dativa M Aliddeki
- Uganda Public Health Fellowship Program, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Vivian Ntono
- Uganda Public Health Fellowship Program, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Doreen Gonahasa
- Uganda Public Health Fellowship Program, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Sandra Nabatanzi
- Uganda Public Health Fellowship Program, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Godfrey Nsereko
- Uganda Public Health Fellowship Program, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Harriet Akello
- Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda
- Management Sciences for Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Derrick Mimbe
- Makerere University Walter Reed Project, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Denis Kyabaggu
- East African Public Health Laboratory Network, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Juliet Sentumbwe
- Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Moses Mwanja
- Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Deo B Ndumu
- Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries, Entebbe, Uganda
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sophia Mulei
- Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
| | | | | | - Atek Kagirita
- Uganda National Health Laboratory Services, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Susan Nabadda
- Uganda National Health Laboratory Services, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Peter Oumo
- Ministry of Internal Affairs, Uganda Police Force, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Robinah Lukwago
- Department for International Development, UKAID, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Julius Kasozi
- United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | | | | | | | - Joe C Opio
- United Nations Children's Fund, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - James Eyul
- Civil Aviation Authority, Entebbe, Uganda
| | | | | | - Nulu Bulya
- African Field Epidemiology Network, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Ben Masiira
- African Field Epidemiology Network, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Victoria Kajja
- Intenational Organisation for Migration, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Isabel Sorela
- Intenational Organisation for Migration, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Gregory Adams
- United States Agency for International Development, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Trevor Shoemaker
- National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - John D Klena
- National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Celine H Taboy
- National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sarah E Ward
- Division of Global Migration and Quarantine, Global Border Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rebecca D Merrill
- Division of Global Migration and Quarantine, Global Border Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rosalind J Carter
- Global Immunization Division, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Julie R Harris
- US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Flora Banage
- US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Thomas Nsibambi
- US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Joseph Ojwang
- US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Juliet N Kasule
- US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Dan F Stowell
- US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Vance R Brown
- US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Bao-Ping Zhu
- US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Jaco Homsy
- US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Lisa J Nelson
- US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kampala, Uganda
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