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Christensen S, Demeestere J, Verhaaren B, Heit JJ, Von Stein EL, Madill ES, Loube DK, Dugue R, Rengarajan S, Mlynash M, Albers GW, Lemmens R, Lansberg MG. Semiautomated Detection of Early Infarct Signs on Noncontrast CT Improves Interrater Agreement. Stroke 2023; 54:3090-3096. [PMID: 37909206 PMCID: PMC10843172 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.123.044058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute ischemic infarct identification on noncontrast computed tomography (NCCT) is highly variable between raters. A semiautomated method for segmentation of acute ischemic lesions on NCCT may improve interrater reliability. METHODS Patients with successful endovascular reperfusion from the DEFUSE 3 trial (Endovascular Therapy Following Imaging Evaluation for Ischemic Stroke) were included. We created relative NCCT (rNCCT) color-gradient overlays by comparing the density of a voxel on NCCT to the homologous region in the contralateral hemisphere. Regions with a relative hypodensity of at least 5% were visualized. We coregistered baseline and follow-up images. Two neuroradiologists and 6 nonradiologists segmented the acute ischemic lesion on the baseline scans with 2 methods: (1) manually outlining hypodense regions on the NCCT (unassisted segmentation) and (2) manually excluding areas deemed outside of the ischemic lesion on the rNCCT color map (rNCCT-assisted segmentation). Voxelwise interrater agreement was quantified using the Dice similarity coefficient and volumetric agreement between raters with the detection index (DI), defined as the true positive volume minus the false positive volume. RESULTS From a total of 92, we included 61 patients. Median age was 59 (64-77), and 57% were female. Stroke onset was known in 39%. Onset to NCCT was median, 8.5 hours (7-11) and median 10 hours (8.4-11.5) in patients with known and unknown onset, respectively. Compared with unassisted NCCT segmentation, rNCCT-assisted segmentation increased the Dice similarity coefficient by >50% for neuroradiologists (Dice similarity coefficient, 0.38 versus 0.83; P<0.001) and nonradiologists (Dice similarity coefficient, 0.14 versus 0.84; P<0.001), and improved the DI among nonradiologists (mean improvement, 5.8 mL [95% CI, 3.1-8.5] mL, P<0.001) but not among neuroradiologists. CONCLUSIONS The high variability of manual segmentations of the acute ischemic lesion on NCCT is greatly reduced using semiautomated rNCCT. The rNCCT map may therefore aid acute infarct detection and provide more reliable infarct estimates for clinicians with less experience.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jelle Demeestere
- KU Leuven – University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, Leuven, Belgium
- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Neurology, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Robin Lemmens
- KU Leuven – University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, Leuven, Belgium
- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Neurology, Leuven, Belgium
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Dzhus M, Ehlers L, Wouters M, Jansen K, Schrijvers R, De Somer L, Vanderschueren S, Baggio M, Moens L, Verhaaren B, Lories R, Bucciol G, Meyts I. A Narrative Review of the Neurological Manifestations of Human Adenosine Deaminase 2 Deficiency. J Clin Immunol 2023; 43:1916-1926. [PMID: 37548813 PMCID: PMC10661818 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-023-01555-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Deficiency of human adenosine deaminase type 2 (DADA2) is a complex systemic autoinflammatory disorder characterized by vasculopathy, immune dysregulation, and hematologic abnormalities. The most notable neurological manifestations of DADA2 are strokes that can manifest with various neurological symptoms and are potentially fatal. However, neurological presentations can be diverse. We here present a review of the neurological manifestations of DADA2 to increase clinical awareness of DADA2 as the underlying diagnosis. We reviewed all published cases of DADA2 from 1 January 2014 until 19 July 2022 found via PubMed. A total of 129 articles describing the clinical features of DADA2 were included in the analysis. Six hundred twenty-eight patients diagnosed with DADA2 were included in the review. 50.3% of patients had at least signs of one reported neurological event, which was the initial or sole manifestation in 5.7% and 0.6%, respectively. 77.5% of patients with neurological manifestations had at least signs of one cerebrovascular accident, with lacunar strokes being the most common and 35.9% of them having multiple stroke episodes. There is a remarkable predilection for the brain stem and deep gray matter, with 37.3% and 41.6% of ischemic strokes, respectively. Other neurological involvement included neuropathies, focal neurological deficits, ophthalmological findings, convulsions, and headaches. In summary, neurological manifestations affect a significant proportion of patients with DADA2, and the phenotype is broad. Neurological manifestations can be the first and single manifestation of DADA2. Therefore, stroke, encephalitis, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, mononeuropathy and polyneuropathy, and Behçet's disease-like presentations should prompt the neurologist to exclude DADA2, especially but not only in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Dzhus
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Inborn Errors of Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lisa Ehlers
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Inborn Errors of Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marjon Wouters
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Inborn Errors of Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrien Jansen
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven and KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rik Schrijvers
- Department of General Internal Medicine-Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven and KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lien De Somer
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute, European Reference Network for Rare Immunodeficiency, Autoinflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases, University Hospital Leuven and KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Steven Vanderschueren
- Department of General Internal Medicine, European Reference Network for Rare Immunodeficiency, Autoinflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven and KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marco Baggio
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Inborn Errors of Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Leen Moens
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Inborn Errors of Immunity, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Rik Lories
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Centre, Division of Rheumatology, University Hospitals Leuven and KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Giorgia Bucciol
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Inborn Errors of Immunity, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven and KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Meyts
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Inborn Errors of Immunity, Department of Pediatrics, European Reference Network for Rare Immunodeficiency, Autoinflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven and KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Bucciol G, Willemyns N, Verhaaren B, Bossuyt X, Lagrou K, Corveleyn A, Moshous D, Jansen K, De Waele L, Meyts I. Child Neurology: Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Underlying Isolated Central Nervous System Inflammation. Neurology 2022; 99:660-664. [PMID: 36216522 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000201124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Encephalitis and encephalopathy in children represent a diagnostic challenge. We describe a patient with relapsing encephalitis in whom the differential diagnosis included acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) encephalitis, and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). Because of its rarity, HLH is often overlooked as a differential diagnosis in encephalitis, especially in the isolated central nervous system (CNS) forms. As this case illustrates, inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) can underlie isolated encephalitis and should be included in the differential diagnosis of these presentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Bucciol
- Department of Pediatrics, Leuven University Hospitals, Leuven, Belgium .,Laboratory of Inborn Errors of Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nele Willemyns
- Department of Pediatrics, Leuven University Hospitals, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Xavier Bossuyt
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Leuven University Hospitals, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrien Lagrou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Leuven University Hospitals, Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anniek Corveleyn
- Center for Human Genetics, Leuven University Hospitals, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Despina Moshous
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Hematology and Rheumatology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, APHP, and Imagine Institute, Inserm U1163, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Katrien Jansen
- Department of Pediatrics, Leuven University Hospitals, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Liesbeth De Waele
- Department of Pediatrics, Leuven University Hospitals, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Meyts
- Department of Pediatrics, Leuven University Hospitals, Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory of Inborn Errors of Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Debette S, Chauhan G, Chu A, Fornage M, Bis JC, de Stefano A, Verhaaren B, Smith AV, Teumer A, Luting X, Nalls M, Trompet S, Liu Y, Wolf PA, Schmidt CO, Chasman DI, Mosley TH, Tzourio C, Launer L, Van Duijn C, Ikram MA, Kurth T, Seshadri S, Longstreth WT. Abstract 56: Genome-wide Association Studies of Incident Stroke: The Charge Consortium. Stroke 2014. [DOI: 10.1161/str.45.suppl_1.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Despite a high heritability, only few stroke risk genes are known. Genetic association studies performed in a hospital-based setting may fail to detect genes modulating both stroke susceptibility and severity, given early deaths at the acute stage. This selection bias is avoided when studying incident stroke in a population-based setting.
Methods:
We conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of incident stroke in 11 community-based longitudinal studies from the Cohorts of Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) Consortium. Genome-wide Cox regressions were performed adjusting for age, gender and population substructure, using 1000GpIv3 imputed genotypes. Results were combined using inverse variance weighted meta-analysis.
Results:
The study sample comprised 65,204 participants (71.5% women) of European ancestry, aged 66.2±8.0 years at DNA draw, followed up for 10.8±3.8 years. In 11 studies, 3,389 participants developed incident stroke, and in 8 studies, 2,223 developed incident ischemic stroke (IS): 531 cardioembolic [CE] and 1,576 atherothrombotic [AT]. The most significant association with incident stroke was for a novel variant on chr9p23 (MAF=0.35), HR=1.15 [95%CI:1.09[[Unable to Display Character: ‒]]1.21], p=8.5х10-8: p=2.54x10-5 for IS; 1.19x10-4, AT-IS; and 0.019, CE-IS. Associations were in the same direction for all participating studies, and 5 additional SNPs in this locus reached p<10-6. The most significant association with incident IS was for rs11833579 [NINJ2], HR=1.21[1.13[[Unable to Display Character: ‒]]1.30], p=2.1х10-7, but p-random-effects=9.54x10-3 (p-heterogeneity=0.02, I2=57.9%). We replicated published associations for CE-IS (rs6843082-G [PITX2], HR=1.30[1.13-1.49], p=1.95x10-4) and for large artery stroke with AT-IS (rs2107595-A [HDAC9], HR=1.13[1.03[[Unable to Display Character: ‒]]1.24], p=0.012)
Conclusion:
In the largest GWAS of incident stroke, we detected one novel association with all stroke, requiring confirmation in independent samples. Expansion of the discovery sample and replication of findings are planned in the coming months. Detecting genetic variants associated with incident stroke may provide important clues for understanding pathways involved in stroke susceptibility and tolerance to acute vascular brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Debette
- Dept of Neurology, Boston Univ Sch of Medicine; Dept of Neurology and INSERM U740, Paris 7 Univ, Paris, France
| | | | - Audrey Chu
- Sch of Public Health, Harvard Med Sch and Div of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hosp, Boston, MA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Sch of Public Health Div of Epidemiology Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences Univ of Texas Health Science Cntr at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Josh C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Rsch Unit, Dept of Medicine, Univ of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Anita de Stefano
- Dept of Neurology and Sch of Public Health, Boston Univ, Boston, MA
| | | | - Albert V Smith
- Faculty of Medicine, Univ of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland, Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Univ Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Xue Luting
- Dept of Biostatistics, Boston Univ Sch of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Mike Nalls
- Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD
| | - Stella Trompet
- Leiden Univ Med Cntr, Dept of Cardiology, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Public Health Sciences-Epidemiology and Prevention at Wake Forest Baptist Med Cntr, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Philip A Wolf
- Boston Univ Sch of Medicine, Dept of Neurology, Framingham Heart Study, Boston, MA
| | - Carsten O Schmidt
- Institute for Community Medicine, Univ Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Harvard Med Sch and Div of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hosp, Boston, MA
| | - Thomas H Mosley
- Dept of Medicine and Neurology, Univ of Mississippi Med Cntr, Jackson, MS
| | | | - Lenore Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, NIH, Bethesda, MD
| | - Cornelia Van Duijn
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Dept of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC Univ Med Cntr and Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Ageing, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - MA Ikram
- Dept of Epidemiology and Dept of Radiology, Erasmus Med Cntr Univ Med Cntr, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tobias Kurth
- INSERM U708, Univ Bordeaux Segalen, and Harvard Sch of Public Health, Boston, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- Dept of Neurology, Boston Univ Sch of Medicine, Framingham Heart Study, Boston, MA
| | - Will T Longstreth
- Dept of Neurology and Dept of Epidemiology, Univ of Washington, Seattle, WA
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Groot M, Verhaaren B, Boer R, Klein S, Hofman A, Lugt A, Ikram M, Niessen W, Vernooij M. P3–181: Development of white matter lesions is preceded by changes in normal‐appearing white matter. Alzheimers Dement 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2013.05.1253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marius Groot
- Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam Netherlands
| | | | - Renske Boer
- Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam Netherlands
| | - Stefan Klein
- Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam Netherlands
| | - Albert Hofman
- Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam Netherlands
| | - Aad Lugt
- Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam Netherlands
| | - Mohammad Ikram
- Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam Netherlands
| | - Wiro Niessen
- Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam Netherlands
| | - Meike Vernooij
- Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam Netherlands
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Verhaaren B, Vernooij M, Uitterlinden A, Hofman A, Niessen W, Lugt A, Breteler M, Ikram MA. P1‐388: Are SNPs associated with Alzheimer's disease also associated with cognition and structural brain changes in a relatively young population? Alzheimers Dement 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2011.05.669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Aad Lugt
- Erasmus Medical CenterRotterdamNetherlands
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