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Neitthoffer B, Alvarez F, Larrous F, Caillet-Saguy C, Etienne-Manneville S, Boëda B. A short sequence in the tail of SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein controls accessibility of its PDZ-binding motif to the cytoplasm. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105575. [PMID: 38110034 PMCID: PMC10821599 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The carboxy-terminal tail of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) envelope protein (E) contains a PDZ-binding motif (PBM) which is crucial for coronavirus pathogenicity. During SARS-CoV-2 infection, the viral E protein is expressed within the Golgi apparatus membrane of host cells with its PBM facing the cytoplasm. In this work, we study the molecular mechanisms controlling the presentation of the PBM to host PDZ (PSD-95/Dlg/ZO-1) domain-containing proteins. We show that at the level of the Golgi apparatus, the PDZ-binding motif of the E protein is not detected by E C-terminal specific antibodies nor by the PDZ domain-containing protein-binding partner. Four alanine substitutions upstream of the PBM in the central region of the E protein tail is sufficient to generate immunodetection by anti-E antibodies and trigger robust recruitment of the PDZ domain-containing protein into the Golgi organelle. Overall, this work suggests that the presentation of the PBM to the cytoplasm is under conformational regulation mediated by the central region of the E protein tail and that PBM presentation probably does not occur at the surface of Golgi cisternae but likely at post-Golgi stages of the viral cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Neitthoffer
- Cell Polarity, Migration and Cancer Unit, Institut Pasteur, UMR3691 CNRS, Université Paris Cité, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Flavio Alvarez
- Laboratory Channel Receptors, UMR CNRS 3571, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Florence Larrous
- Lyssavirus Epidemiology and Neuropathology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Célia Caillet-Saguy
- Laboratory Channel Receptors, UMR CNRS 3571, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Etienne-Manneville
- Cell Polarity, Migration and Cancer Unit, Institut Pasteur, UMR3691 CNRS, Université Paris Cité, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Batiste Boëda
- Cell Polarity, Migration and Cancer Unit, Institut Pasteur, UMR3691 CNRS, Université Paris Cité, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France.
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Zhu Y, Alvarez F, Wolff N, Mechaly A, Brûlé S, Neitthoffer B, Etienne-Manneville S, Haouz A, Boëda B, Caillet-Saguy C. Interactions of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Protein E With Cell Junctions and Polarity PSD-95/Dlg/ZO-1-Containing Proteins. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:829094. [PMID: 35283834 PMCID: PMC8909127 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.829094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The C-terminus of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) protein E contains a PBM (PDZ-binding motif) targeting PDZ (PSD-95/Dlg/ZO-1) domains, which is identical to the PBM of SARS-CoV. The latter is involved in the pathogenicity of the virus. Recently, we identified 10 human PDZ-containing proteins showing significant interactions with SARS-CoV-2 protein E PBM. We selected several of them involved in cellular junctions and cell polarity (TJP1, PARD3, MLLT4, and LNX2) and MPP5/PALS1 previously shown to interact with SARS-CoV E PBM. Targeting cellular junctions and polarity components is a common strategy by viruses to hijack cell machinery to their advantage. In this study, we showed that these host PDZ domains TJP1, PARD3, MLLT4, LNX2, and MPP5/PALS1 interact in a PBM-dependent manner in vitro and colocalize with the full-length E protein in cellulo, sequestrating the PDZ domains to the Golgi compartment. We solved three crystal structures of complexes between human LNX2, MLLT4, and MPP5 PDZs and SARS-CoV-2 E PBM highlighting its binding preferences for several cellular targets. Finally, we showed different affinities for the PDZ domains with the original SARS-CoV-2 C-terminal sequence containing the PBM and the one of the beta variant that contains a mutation close to the PBM. The acquired mutations in the E protein localized near the PBM might have important effects both on the structure and the ion-channel activity of the E protein and on the host machinery targeted by the variants during the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlei Zhu
- Channel Receptors Unit, CNRS, UMR 3571, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Flavio Alvarez
- Channel Receptors Unit, CNRS, UMR 3571, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Wolff
- Channel Receptors Unit, CNRS, UMR 3571, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Ariel Mechaly
- Crystallography Platform-C2RT, CNRS, UMR 3528, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Brûlé
- Molecular Biophysics Platform-C2RT, CNRS, UMR 3528, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Benoit Neitthoffer
- Cell Polarity, Migration and Cancer Unit, Institut Pasteur, UMR 3691 CNRS, Université de Paris, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Etienne-Manneville
- Cell Polarity, Migration and Cancer Unit, Institut Pasteur, UMR 3691 CNRS, Université de Paris, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Ahmed Haouz
- Crystallography Platform-C2RT, CNRS, UMR 3528, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Batiste Boëda
- Cell Polarity, Migration and Cancer Unit, Institut Pasteur, UMR 3691 CNRS, Université de Paris, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Célia Caillet-Saguy
- Channel Receptors Unit, CNRS, UMR 3571, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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