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Gluck MA, Gills JL, Fausto BA, Malin SK, Duberstein PR, Erickson KI, Hu L. Examining the efficacy of a cardio-dance intervention on brain health and the moderating role of ABCA7 in older African Americans: a protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1266423. [PMID: 38076534 PMCID: PMC10710152 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1266423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction African Americans are two to three times more likely to be diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (AD) compared to White Americans. Exercise is a lifestyle behavior associated with neuroprotection and decreased AD risk, although most African Americans, especially older adults, perform less than the recommended 150 min/week of moderate-to-vigorous intensity exercise. This article describes the protocol for a Phase III randomized controlled trial that will examine the effects of cardio-dance aerobic exercise on novel AD cognitive and neural markers of hippocampal-dependent function (Aims #1 and #2) and whether exercise-induced neuroprotective benefits may be modulated by an AD genetic risk factor, ABCA7 rs3764650 (Aim #3). We will also explore the effects of exercise on blood-based biomarkers for AD. Methods and analysis This 6-month trial will include 280 African Americans (≥ 60 years), who will be randomly assigned to 3 days/week of either: (1) a moderate-to-vigorous cardio-dance fitness condition or (2) a low-intensity strength, flexibility, and balance condition for 60 min/session. Participants will complete health and behavioral surveys, neuropsychological testing, saliva and venipuncture, aerobic fitness, anthropometrics and resting-state structural and functional neuroimaging at study entry and 6 months. Discussion Results from this investigation will inform future exercise trials and the development of prescribed interventions that aim to reduce the risk of AD in African Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A. Gluck
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University-Newark, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Joshua L. Gills
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University-Newark, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Bernadette A. Fausto
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University-Newark, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Steven K. Malin
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Paul R. Duberstein
- Department of Health Behavior, Society and Policy, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | | | - Liangyuan Hu
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, United States
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Ball KK, Clay OJ, Edwards JD, Fausto BA, Wheeler KM, Felix C, Ross LA. Indicators of Crash Risk in Older Adults: A Longitudinal Analysis From the ACTIVE Study. J Aging Health 2023; 35:19S-25S. [PMID: 34240636 DOI: 10.1177/08982643211031346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective: This study aims to examine indicators of crash risk longitudinally in older adults (n = 486). Method: This study applied secondary data analyses of the 10 years of follow-up for the ACTIVE study combined with state-recorded crash records from five of the six participating sites. Cox proportional hazards models were first used to examine the effect of each variable of interest at baseline after controlling for miles driven and then to assess the three cognitive composites as predictors of time to at-fault crash in covariate-adjusted models. Results: Older age, male sex, and site location were each predictive of higher crash risk. Additionally, worse scores on the speed of processing cognitive composite were associated with higher crash risk. Discussion: Results support previous findings that both age and male sex are associated with higher crash risk. Our significant finding of site location could be attributed to the population density of our testing sites and transportation availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karlene K Ball
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Olivio J Clay
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Osiecka Z, Fausto BA, Gills JL, Sinha N, Malin SK, Gluck MA. Obesity reduces hippocampal structure and function in older African Americans with the APOE-ε4 Alzheimer's disease risk allele. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1239727. [PMID: 37731955 PMCID: PMC10507275 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1239727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Excess body weight and Alzheimer's disease (AD) disproportionately affect older African Americans. While mid-life obesity increases risk for AD, few data exist on the relationship between late-life obesity and AD, or how obesity-based and genetic risk for AD interact. Although the APOE-ε4 allele confers a strong genetic risk for AD, it is unclear if late-life obesity poses a greater risk for APOE-ε4 carriers compared to non-carriers. Here we assessed: (1) the influence of body mass index (BMI) (normal; overweight; class 1 obese; ≥ class 2 obese) on cognitive and structural MRI measures of AD risk; and (2) the interaction between BMI and APOE-ε4 in older African Americans. Methods Seventy cognitively normal older African American participants (Mage = 69.50 years; MBMI = 31.01 kg/m2; 39% APOE-ε4 allele carriers; 86% female) completed anthropometric measurements, physical assessments, saliva collection for APOE-ε4 genotyping, cognitive testing, health and lifestyle questionnaires, and structural neuroimaging [volume/surface area (SA) for medial temporal lobe subregions and hippocampal subfields]. Covariates included age, sex, education, literacy, depressive symptomology, and estimated aerobic fitness. Results Using ANCOVAs, we observed that individuals who were overweight demonstrated better hippocampal cognitive function (generalization of learning: a sensitive marker of preclinical AD) than individuals with normal BMI, p = 0.016, ηp2 = 0.18. However, individuals in the obese categories who were APOE-ε4 non-carriers had larger hippocampal subfield cornu Ammonis region 1 (CA1) volumes, while those who were APOE-ε4 carriers had smaller CA1 volumes, p = 0.003, ηp2 = 0.23. Discussion Thus, being overweight by BMI standards may preserve hippocampal function, but obesity reduces hippocampal structure and function in older African Americans with the APOE-ε4 Alzheimer's disease risk allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Osiecka
- Aging and Brain Health Alliance, Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University–Newark, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Bernadette A. Fausto
- Aging and Brain Health Alliance, Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University–Newark, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Joshua L. Gills
- Aging and Brain Health Alliance, Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University–Newark, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Neha Sinha
- Aging and Brain Health Alliance, Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University–Newark, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Steven K. Malin
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, School of Arts and Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Mark A. Gluck
- Aging and Brain Health Alliance, Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University–Newark, Newark, NJ, United States
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Sinha N, Fausto BA, Mander B, Gluck MA. High-Quality Sleep Mitigates ABCA7-Related Generalization Deficits in Healthy Older African Americans. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 94:281-290. [PMID: 37212111 PMCID: PMC10357211 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both sleep deficiencies and Alzheimer's disease (AD) disproportionately affect older African Americans. Genetic susceptibility to AD further compounds risk for cognitive decline in this population. Aside from APOE ɛ4, ABCA7 rs115550680 is the strongest genetic locus associated with late-onset AD in African Americans. While sleep and ABCA7 rs115550680 independently influence late-life cognitive outcomes, we know too little about the interplay between these two factors on cognitive function. OBJECTIVE We investigated the interaction between sleep and ABCA7 rs115550680 on hippocampal-dependent cognitive function in older African Americans. METHODS One-hundred fourteen cognitively healthy older African Americans were genotyped for ABCA7 risk (n = 57 carriers of risk "G" allele; n = 57 non-carriers), responded to lifestyle questionnaires, and completed a cognitive battery. Sleep was assessed via a self-reported rating of sleep quality (poor, average, good). Covariates included age and years of education. RESULTS Using ANCOVA, we found that carriers of the risk genotype who reported poor or average sleep quality demonstrated significantly poorer generalization of prior learning-a cognitive marker of AD-compared to their non-risk counterparts. Conversely, there was no genotype-related difference in generalization performance in individuals who reported good sleep quality. CONCLUSION These results indicate that sleep quality may be neuroprotective against genetic risk for AD. Future studies employing more rigorous methodology should investigate the mechanistic role of sleep neurophysiology in the pathogenesis and progression of AD associated with ABCA7. There is also need for the continued development of non-invasive sleep interventions tailored to racial groups with specific AD genetic risk profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Sinha
- Aging & Brain Health Alliance, Center for Molecular & Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University – Newark, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Bernadette A. Fausto
- Aging & Brain Health Alliance, Center for Molecular & Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University – Newark, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Bryce Mander
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA, USA
| | - Mark A. Gluck
- Aging & Brain Health Alliance, Center for Molecular & Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University – Newark, Newark, NJ, USA
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Tan G, Gimenez‐Santana A, Fausto BA, Esiaka D, Gluck MA. Risk of violent crime may be associated with hippocampal‐dependent cognitive function in older African Americans. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.069403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Esiaka D, Yarborough CC, Fausto BA, Gluck MA. A Mini-Review of Strategies for Recruiting Older African Americans to Alzheimer's Disease Research. Community Health Equity Res Policy 2022:272684X221118493. [PMID: 36120808 PMCID: PMC11025449 DOI: 10.1177/0272684x221118493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
African Americans experience higher incidence and prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Yet, they continue to be underrepresented in AD research, limiting the ability to generalize findings to the increasingly diverse US population. To reduce AD disparities, targeted efforts are needed to increase the representation of African Americans in AD research. This mini review identified evidence-based strategies that increased research participation among older African Americans. Four recruitment strategies emerged from eight published peer-reviewed studies that directly evaluated the effectiveness of strategies aimed at increasing the number of African American participants in Alzheimer's research. The strategies include community outreach and education, face-to-face discussions, remote access, and referral and partnership with local organizations. Across different locations, these strategies increased the number of African Americans enrolled into AD research, the number of people that signed up to donate their brains for AD research upon death, and the knowledge and perception of AD in the communities. Targeted efforts are effective in increasing AD research participation among older African Americans, especially when combined with approaches that emphasize transparency and mutual trust and involve the community as stakeholders in the research process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darlingtina Esiaka
- Aging and Brain Health Alliance, Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University–Newark, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Christina C. Yarborough
- Aging and Brain Health Alliance, Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University–Newark, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Bernadette A. Fausto
- Aging and Brain Health Alliance, Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University–Newark, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Mark A. Gluck
- Aging and Brain Health Alliance, Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University–Newark, Newark, NJ, USA
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Fausto BA, Gluck MA. Low body mass and high-quality sleep maximize the ability of aerobic fitness to promote improved cognitive function in older African Americans. Ethn Health 2022; 27:909-928. [PMID: 32931310 PMCID: PMC7956916 DOI: 10.1080/13557858.2020.1821176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACTObjectives: Because African Americans are at elevated risk for cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease, it is important to understand which health and lifestyle factors are most important for reducing this risk. Obesity and poor sleep quality are common in lower-income, urban African Americans and have been linked to cognitive decline in older age. Fortunately, increasing aerobic fitness via regular exercise can improve cognitive function. This study sought to (1) examine the cross-sectional relationship between aerobic fitness and cognitive function in older African Americans, and (2) determine whether body mass index and sleep quality moderated the relationship between aerobic fitness and cognition.Design: 402 older African Americans, ages 60-90 (84% female, mean education level = 14 years) completed neuropsychological testing, computerized behavioral tasks, physical performance measures, and health and lifestyle questionnaires. Hierarchical linear regressions were performed to determine associations between aerobic fitness and cognition and whether body mass index and sleep quality moderate the fitness-cognition relationship while controlling for age, sex, education, depressive symptoms, and literacy.Results: Higher aerobic fitness levels were significantly associated with better executive function. The relationships between fitness and hippocampal-dependent cognitive functions (learning and memory, generalization) were attenuated in those who are obese (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2) or rated their sleep quality as poor, ps < .05.Conclusion: Our results suggest that while exercise and associated improvements in aerobic fitness are key for improved cognition, these benefits are maximized in those who maintain low body weight and get sufficient, high quality sleep. Exercise programs for older African Americans will be most effective if they are integrated with education programs that emphasize healthy eating, weight control, and sleep hygiene and conceptualize individuals as part of their broader social and environmental context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette A. Fausto
- Aging & Brain Health Alliance, Center for Molecular & Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University–Newark, NJ, United States
- Corresponding author: Bernadette A. Fausto, PhD, Aging & Brain Health Alliance, Center for Molecular & Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University–Newark, 197 University Ave., Suite 209, Newark, NJ 07102, United States, Phone: (973) 353-3673,
| | - Mark A. Gluck
- Aging & Brain Health Alliance, Center for Molecular & Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University–Newark, NJ, United States
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Clouston SAP, Hall CB, Kritikos M, Bennett DA, DeKosky S, Edwards J, Finch C, Kreisl WC, Mielke M, Peskind ER, Raskind M, Richards M, Sloan RP, Spiro A, Vasdev N, Brackbill R, Farfel M, Horton M, Lowe S, Lucchini RG, Prezant D, Reibman J, Rosen R, Seil K, Zeig-Owens R, Deri Y, Diminich ED, Fausto BA, Gandy S, Sano M, Bromet EJ, Luft BJ. Cognitive impairment and World Trade Centre-related exposures. Nat Rev Neurol 2022; 18:103-116. [PMID: 34795448 PMCID: PMC8938977 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-021-00576-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
On 11 September 2001 the World Trade Center (WTC) in New York was attacked by terrorists, causing the collapse of multiple buildings including the iconic 110-story 'Twin Towers'. Thousands of people died that day from the collapse of the buildings, fires, falling from the buildings, falling debris, or other related accidents. Survivors of the attacks, those who worked in search and rescue during and after the buildings collapsed, and those working in recovery and clean-up operations were exposed to severe psychological stressors. Concurrently, these 'WTC-affected' individuals breathed and ingested a mixture of organic and particulate neurotoxins and pro-inflammogens generated as a result of the attack and building collapse. Twenty years later, researchers have documented neurocognitive and motor dysfunctions that resemble the typical features of neurodegenerative disease in some WTC responders at midlife. Cortical atrophy, which usually manifests later in life, has also been observed in this population. Evidence indicates that neurocognitive symptoms and corresponding brain atrophy are associated with both physical exposures at the WTC and chronic post-traumatic stress disorder, including regularly re-experiencing traumatic memories of the events while awake or during sleep. Despite these findings, little is understood about the long-term effects of these physical and mental exposures on the brain health of WTC-affected individuals, and the potential for neurocognitive disorders. Here, we review the existing evidence concerning neurological outcomes in WTC-affected individuals, with the aim of contextualizing this research for policymakers, researchers and clinicians and educating WTC-affected individuals and their friends and families. We conclude by providing a rationale and recommendations for monitoring the neurological health of WTC-affected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean A P Clouston
- Program in Public Health, Department of Family, Population, and Preventive Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
| | - Charles B Hall
- Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Minos Kritikos
- Program in Public Health, Department of Family, Population, and Preventive Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - David A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush Medical College, Rush University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Steven DeKosky
- Evelyn F. and William L. McKnight Brain Institute and Florida Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jerri Edwards
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Caleb Finch
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - William C Kreisl
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michelle Mielke
- Specialized Center of Research Excellence on Sex Differences, Department of Neurology, Department of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Elaine R Peskind
- Veteran's Association VISN 20 Northwest Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veteran's Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Murray Raskind
- Veteran's Association VISN 20 Northwest Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veteran's Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marcus Richards
- Medical Research Council Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Richard P Sloan
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Avron Spiro
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center (MAVERIC), Department of Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Neil Vasdev
- Azrieli Centre for Neuro-Radiochemistry, Brain Health Imaging Center, Center for Addiction and Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Robert Brackbill
- World Trade Center Health Registry, New York Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mark Farfel
- World Trade Center Health Registry, New York Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, NY, USA
| | - Megan Horton
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sandra Lowe
- The World Trade Center Mental Health Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Roberto G Lucchini
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - David Prezant
- World Trade Center Health Program, Fire Department of the City of New York, Brooklyn, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Joan Reibman
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rebecca Rosen
- World Trade Center Environmental Health Center, Department of Psychiatry, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kacie Seil
- World Trade Center Health Registry, New York Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rachel Zeig-Owens
- World Trade Center Health Program, Fire Department of the City of New York, Brooklyn, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Yael Deri
- Department of Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Erica D Diminich
- Program in Public Health, Department of Family, Population, and Preventive Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Bernadette A Fausto
- Center for Molecular & Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Sam Gandy
- Research and Development Service, James J. Peters Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
- Mount Sinai Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mary Sano
- Research and Development Service, James J. Peters Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
- Mount Sinai Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Evelyn J Bromet
- Department of Psychiatry, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin J Luft
- Department of Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
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Fausto BA, Azimipour S, Charles L, Yarborough C, Grullon K, Hokett E, Duberstein PR, Gluck MA. Cardio-Dance Exercise to Improve Cognition and Mood in Older African Americans: A Propensity-Matched Cohort Study. J Appl Gerontol 2022; 41:496-505. [PMID: 33938312 PMCID: PMC8563498 DOI: 10.1177/07334648211010580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study sought to determine the influence of initial sleep quality and body mass index on the cognitive and mood outcomes of a community-based cardio-dance exercise program. Thirty-two older African Americans who participated in a 5-month cardio-dance exercise program were propensity-matched to 32 no-contact controls. Participants completed neuropsychological tests of attention, executive function, and memory and a self-reported depression measure at baseline and post-test. Among exercise participants, we observed significant improvements in depression (baseline = 6.16 ± 5.54, post-test = 4.66 ± 4.89, η p 2 = . 12 , p = .009) and attention (baseline = 40.53 ± 14.01, post-test = 36.63 ± 13.29, η p 2 = . 12 , p = .009) relative to controls. Improvements in executive function and attention were most pronounced among exercise participants with poor sleep quality (baseline = 7.71 ± 1.25, post-test = 8.29 ± 2.06, η p 2 = . 41 , p = .04) and with obesity (baseline = 38.05 ± 12.78, post-test = 35.67 ± 13.82, η p 2 = . 30 , p = .001), respectively. This study provides novel evidence that exercise has the potential to improve depression in older African Americans. For those with poor sleep quality or obesity, exercise can also improve some cognitive outcomes.
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Fausto BA, Yu K. Neighborhood environment and cognition in older adults: Exploring the mediating effect of physical activity. Alzheimers Dement 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.054413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kexin Yu
- University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA
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Fausto BA, Adorno Maldonado PF, Ross LA, Lavallière M, Edwards JD. A systematic review and meta-analysis of older driver interventions. Accid Anal Prev 2021; 149:105852. [PMID: 33142161 DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2020.105852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to summarize and quantify the effects of different driving interventions among older adults on outcomes of crashes, on-road driving performance, self-reported outcomes of errors and crashes, and driving simulator performance. Randomized controlled trials examining the effects of a driving intervention among older adults ≥ 50 years of age were included. Thirty-one studies were identified using a systematic literature review, and 26 were included in meta-analyses. The following types of driving interventions were identified: physical retraining/exercise (e.g., flexibility and coordination training); visual-perceptual training (e.g., improving figure-ground discrimination); cognitive training (e.g., Useful Field of View cognitive training); education (e.g., classroom driver refresher course); context-specific training (i.e., on-road training in car, driving simulator training); combined intervention approaches (e.g., education and context-specific training combined). Effect sizes were calculated for each driving intervention type relative to control groups using random-effects. Physical retraining/exercise, visual-perceptual training, and combined intervention approaches demonstrated medium to large effects on on-road driving performance, ds = 0.564-1.061, ps < .050. Cognitive training approaches reduced at-fault crashes by almost 30 %, OR = 0.729, 95 % CI [0.553, 0.962], p = .026. Education and context-specific approaches were not efficacious to improve driving safety outcomes, ps> .050. In summary, skill-specific interventions (physical retraining/exercise, visual-perceptual training, cognitive training) and combined intervention approaches improved on-road driving performance and reduced at-fault crashes. Optimizing interventions that target age-related functional declines and combined intervention approaches is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette A Fausto
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL 33620, United States.
| | - Pedro F Adorno Maldonado
- Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, 300 Weil Hall, 1949 Stadium Road, P.O. Box 116550, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States.
| | - Lesley A Ross
- Department of Psychology, Institute for Engaged Aging, Clemson University, 418 Brackett Hall, Clemson, SC 29634, United States.
| | - Martin Lavallière
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Québec at Chicoutimi, 555, boul. de l'Université, H2-1170, Chicoutimi, Québec G7H 2B1, Canada.
| | - Jerri D Edwards
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, University of South Florida, 3515 E. Fletcher Ave., MDC 14, Tampa, FL 33613, United States.
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O'Brien JL, Lister JJ, Fausto BA, Morgan DG, Maeda H, Andel R, Edwards JD. Are auditory processing and cognitive performance assessments overlapping or distinct? Parsing the auditory behaviour of older adults. Int J Audiol 2020; 60:123-132. [PMID: 32701036 DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2020.1791366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Auditory processing predicts cognitive decline, including dementia, in older adults. Auditory processing involves the understanding, interpretation, and communication of auditory information. Cognition is linked to auditory processing; however, it is disputed whether auditory processing is a separate construct distinct from cognition. The purpose of this study was to determine if auditory processing is distinct from cognition in older adults. DESIGN Participants completed 14 cognitive and auditory processing assessments. Assessments were subjected to exploratory factor analysis with principal components extraction and varimax rotation with Kaiser normalisation. Study sample: 213 community-dwelling older adults (M = 71.39 years, 57% female, 93% Caucasian, M = 16 years education) with and without mild cognitive impairment (MCI) participated. RESULTS Four factors were identified, explaining 66.3% of the total variance: (1) executive functions, visual processing speed, and dichotic auditory processing, (2) auditory processing of degraded speech, (3) memory, and (4) auditory temporal processing of nonspeech. CONCLUSIONS Two domains of auditory processing (processing degraded speech and temporal processing) account for unique variance to which cognitive measures are not sensitive, while measures of auditory dichotic processing appear to be tapping similar abilities as measures of cognition. Older adults who perform poorly on dichotic measures should be screened for cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L O'Brien
- Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL, USA
| | - Jennifer J Lister
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Bernadette A Fausto
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University Newark, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - David G Morgan
- Translational Science and Molecular Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Hannah Maeda
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ross Andel
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jerri D Edwards
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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Fausto BA, Badana ANS, Arnold ML, Lister JJ, Edwards JD. Comparison of Subjective and Objective Measures of Hearing, Auditory Processing, and Cognition Among Older Adults With and Without Mild Cognitive Impairment. J Speech Lang Hear Res 2018; 61:945-956. [PMID: 29594311 DOI: 10.1044/2017_jslhr-h-17-0263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aims of the study were to compare the Cognitive Self-Report Questionnaire (CSRQ; Spina, Ruff, & Mahncke, 2006) Hearing and Cognitive subscale ratings among older adults with and without probable mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and to examine whether self-report, as measured by the CSRQ, is associated with objective measures of hearing, auditory processing, and cognition. METHOD Data analyses included 97 older adults of ages 61-91 years. Participants completed the CSRQ self-report measure as well as a battery of objective measures, including pure-tone audiometry, degraded speech understanding, temporal processing, and memory. RESULTS Older adults with probable MCI rated their cognitive abilities more poorly than those without MCI (p = .002), but ratings of hearing and auditory abilities did not differ between the two groups (p = .912). Age and CSRQ Hearing subscale ratings explained a significant proportion of variance in objective measures of hearing and degraded speech understanding (R2 = .39, p < .001). Age, sex, mental status, and CSRQ Cognition subscale ratings explained a significant proportion of variance in objective memory performance (R2 = .55, p < .001). CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these results suggest that the CSRQ is an appropriate self-report measure of hearing, cognition, and some aspects of auditory processing for older adults with and without probable MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michelle L Arnold
- Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders, University of South Florida, Tampa
| | - Jennifer J Lister
- Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders, University of South Florida, Tampa
| | - Jerri D Edwards
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, University of South Florida, Tampa
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Edwards JD, Fausto BA, Tetlow AM, Corona RT, Valdés EG. Systematic review and meta-analyses of useful field of view cognitive training. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 84:72-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Abstract
Cognitive dysfunction is a predictor of driving cessation in older adults and a common sequela of heart failure (HF). Although HF has been associated with an increased risk of driving cessation, the independent relationship between HF and driving cessation after cognitive function is considered remains to be established. The objective of these analyses is to examine HF as an independent predictor of driving cessation across three years among a cohort of older drivers in the United States. Analyses included 850 older adults who completed sensory, cognitive, and physical measures at baseline and mobility and health measures at a three-year follow-up. Cox regression was used to examine the effects of HF, stroke, vision, cognition, and physical function as predictors of incident driving cessation over three years. Participants with HF were over three times more likely to cease driving, HR = 3.19, 95% CI [1.27, 8.02], p = .014. However, HF was no longer a significant predictor of driving cessation when cognitive performance was considered, HR = 1.70, 95% CI [0.67, 4.30], p = .262. These findings suggest that the risk of driving cessation may be a consequence of the cognitive dysfunction associated with HF, rather than from HF itself. Cognitive training should be investigated among persons with HF to potentially prolong driving mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette A Fausto
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL 33620, United States
| | - Adrian N S Badana
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL 33620, United States
| | - Olivia M Valdes
- Department of Psychology, Florida Atlantic University, 3200 College Avenue, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, United States
| | - Ponrathi Athilingam
- College of Nursing, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B Downs Blvd, MDC 22, Tampa, FL 33612, United States
| | - Jerri D Edwards
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, University of South Florida, 3515 E. Fletcher Ave., MDC 14, Tampa, FL 33613
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O’Brien JL, Lister JJ, Fausto BA, Clifton GK, Edwards JD. Cognitive Training Enhances Auditory Attention Efficiency in Older Adults. Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 9:322. [PMID: 29046634 PMCID: PMC5632656 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Auditory cognitive training (ACT) improves attention in older adults; however, the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms are still unknown. The present study examined the effects of ACT on the P3b event-related potential reflecting attention allocation (amplitude) and speed of processing (latency) during stimulus categorization and the P1-N1-P2 complex reflecting perceptual processing (amplitude and latency). Participants completed an auditory oddball task before and after 10 weeks of ACT (n = 9) or a no contact control period (n = 15). Parietal P3b amplitudes to oddball stimuli decreased at post-test in the trained group as compared to those in the control group, and frontal P3b amplitudes show a similar trend, potentially reflecting more efficient attentional allocation after ACT. No advantages for the ACT group were evident for auditory perceptual processing or speed of processing in this small sample. Our results provide preliminary evidence that ACT may enhance the efficiency of attention allocation, which may account for the positive impact of ACT on the everyday functioning of older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. O’Brien
- Department of Psychology, University of South Florida St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, FL, United States
| | - Jennifer J. Lister
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | | | - Gregory K. Clifton
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Jerri D. Edwards
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
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