Pedersen AB, Edvardsen BV, Messina SM, Volden MR, Weyandt LL, Lundervold AJ. Self-Esteem in Adults With ADHD Using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale: A Systematic Review.
J Atten Disord 2024;
28:1124-1138. [PMID:
38491855 PMCID:
PMC11016209 DOI:
10.1177/10870547241237245]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE
To summarize and analyze recent articles investigating self-esteem in adults with ADHD, focusing on the impact of demographic and clinical characteristics, and methodological issues.
METHOD
Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search for literature published between 2010 and 2022 was conducted in the Web of Science, Ovid, Pubmed, and EBSCO databases.
RESULTS
Eleven studies met inclusion criteria. Five of the six studies including healthy controls reported lower self-esteem in participants with ADHD. ADHD symptoms correlated negatively with self-esteem. Gender differences were not observed. Self-esteem mediated several outcomes associated with ADHD. There was a lack of studies that examined potential mechanisms behind the reduced self-esteem, and studies controlling for confounding variables.
CONCLUSION
A robust association between ADHD and low self-esteem in adults emerged, but the lack of control of confounding variables is critical to consider when interpreting the findings. Longitudinal studies addressing the limitations of the current studies are needed.
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