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Nery Loiola SH, Stéfano VC, Rosa SL, Proença LR, Dos Santos BM, Soares FA, Saraiva Bresciani KD, Falcão AX, Gomes JF. Staining blindly: an update on coloring techniques for fecal smears in parasitology: a scoping review. Future Microbiol 2024. [PMID: 38530362 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2023-0171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Dye application for parasite highlighting in the Ova and Parasite exam is a common practice in parasitology diagnosis. Methods: A scoping review investigated how staining solutions interact with parasite structures. After screening 1334 papers, 35 met eligibility criteria. Results: Differentiating background from foreground in the fecal smear under light microscopy is the core of the research on this topic. Refractivity, unevenness of staining, size and temperature were explored to enhance staining protocols. Cryptosporidium spp. and Microsporidia were the main studied species. Conclusion: Studies on diagnostic efficacy outperform those that elucidate the physical-chemical interaction between dyes and parasites. An alternative approach involves technicians using computational tools to reduce subjectivity in fecal smear interpretation, deviating from conventional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saulo Hudson Nery Loiola
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, 126, Tessália Vieira de Camargo St., Campinas - São Paulo, 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Vitória Castilho Stéfano
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, 126, Tessália Vieira de Camargo St., Campinas - São Paulo, 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Stefany Laryssa Rosa
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, 126, Tessália Vieira de Camargo St., Campinas - São Paulo, 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Letícia Rodrigues Proença
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, 126, Tessália Vieira de Camargo St., Campinas - São Paulo, 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Bianca Martins Dos Santos
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, 126, Tessália Vieira de Camargo St., Campinas - São Paulo, 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Felipe Augusto Soares
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, 126, Tessália Vieira de Camargo St., Campinas - São Paulo, 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Katia Denise Saraiva Bresciani
- School of Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, 793, Clóvis Pestana St., Araçatuba - São Paulo, 16050-680, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Xavier Falcão
- Laboratory of Image Data Science, Institute of Computing, University of Campinas, 573, IC-3,5, Saturnino de Brito St., Room 364, Campinas - São Paulo 13083-852, Brazil
| | - Jancarlo Ferreira Gomes
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, 126, Tessália Vieira de Camargo St., Campinas - São Paulo, 13083-887, Brazil
- Laboratory of Image Data Science, Institute of Computing, University of Campinas, 573, IC-3,5, Saturnino de Brito St., Room 364, Campinas - São Paulo 13083-852, Brazil
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Joao LM, Proença LR, Loiola SHN, Inácio SV, Dos Santos BM, Rosa SL, Soares FA, Stefano VC, Osaku D, Suzuki CTN, Bresciani KDS, Gomes JF, Falcão AX. Toward automating the diagnosis of gastrointestinal parasites in cats and dogs. Comput Biol Med 2023; 163:107203. [PMID: 37437360 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Diagnosing gastrointestinal parasites by microscopy slide examination often leads to human interpretation errors, which may occur due to fatigue, lack of training and infrastructure, presence of artifacts (e.g., various types of cells, algae, yeasts), and other reasons. We have investigated the stages in automating the process to cope with the interpretation errors. This work presents advances in two stages focused on gastrointestinal parasites of cats and dogs: a new parasitological processing technique, named TF-Test VetPet, and a microscopy image analysis pipeline based on deep learning methods. TF-Test VetPet improves image quality by reducing cluttering (i.e., eliminating artifacts), which favors automated image analysis. The proposed pipeline can identify three species of parasites in cats and five in dogs, distinguishing them from fecal impurities with an average accuracy of 98,6%. We also make available the two datasets with images of parasites of dogs and cats, which were obtained by processing fecal smears with temporary staining using TF-Test VetPet.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Joao
- Institute of Computing, State University of Campinas, R. Saturnino de Brito, Campinas, 13083-852, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Letícia Rodrigues Proença
- School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, R. Tessália Vieira de Camargo, Campinas, 13083-887, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Saulo Hudson Nery Loiola
- School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, R. Tessália Vieira de Camargo, Campinas, 13083-887, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Sandra Valéria Inácio
- School of Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), R. Clóvis Pestana, Araçatuba, 16050-680, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Bianca Martins Dos Santos
- School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, R. Tessália Vieira de Camargo, Campinas, 13083-887, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Stefany Laryssa Rosa
- School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, R. Tessália Vieira de Camargo, Campinas, 13083-887, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Felipe Augusto Soares
- School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, R. Tessália Vieira de Camargo, Campinas, 13083-887, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Vitória Castilho Stefano
- Institute of Computing, State University of Campinas, R. Saturnino de Brito, Campinas, 13083-852, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Daniel Osaku
- Institute of Computing, State University of Campinas, R. Saturnino de Brito, Campinas, 13083-852, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Celso Tetsuo Nagase Suzuki
- Institute of Computing, State University of Campinas, R. Saturnino de Brito, Campinas, 13083-852, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Katia Denise Saraiva Bresciani
- School of Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), R. Clóvis Pestana, Araçatuba, 16050-680, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Jancarlo Ferreira Gomes
- School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, R. Tessália Vieira de Camargo, Campinas, 13083-887, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Alexandre Xavier Falcão
- Institute of Computing, State University of Campinas, R. Saturnino de Brito, Campinas, 13083-852, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Inácio SV, Gomes JF, Falcão AX, Da Silva DRR, Nagata WB, Dos Santos BM, Soares FA, Nery Loiola SH, Benitez ADN, Rosa SL, Bresciani KDS. TF-Test techniques for the laboratory diagnosis of gastrointestinal parasites of humans and animals. Vet Ital 2022; 58. [PMID: 36586119 DOI: 10.12834/vetit.2040.10928.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal parasites inhabit the intestinal tract of humans and animals, causing damages whose severity depends on several factors related to the parasite and the host. Immunocompromised individuals are more likely to develop severe forms of parasitic infestation. The diagnosis of the gastrointestinal parasitosis is mainly performed by the examination of the feces, which consists of the direct visualization and identification of the parasites eliminated through the feces. These tests are generally low sensitive and the microscope slides contain a large number of impurities, which can impair the result of the diagnosis. In order to improve the diagnostic accuracy, a new parasitological technique called Three Fecal Test (TF‑Test) was developed. To further improve its diagnostic accuracy, few modifications of the original protocols have been made with the years. In this study the performance of these new techniques to detect gastrointestinal parasites in human and animal fecal samples was described and discussed in
relation to the performance of other conventional coprological tests. It could be concluded that the TF‑Test conventional and modified can be used for the diagnosis of several human and animal parasites, with satisfactory results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Valéria Inácio
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Araçatuba
| | - Jancarlo Ferreira Gomes
- Laboratory of Image Data Science (LIDS) - Instituto de Computação e Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Alexandre Xavier Falcão
- Laboratory of Image Data Science (LIDS) - Instituto de Computação e Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil
| | | | | | - Bianca Martins Dos Santos
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Felipe Augusto Soares
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Saulo Hudson Nery Loiola
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Aline do Nascimento Benitez
- Laboratory of Image Data Science (LIDS) - Instituto de Computação e Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Stefani Laryssa Rosa
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil
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Soares FA, Dos Santos BM, Rosa SL, Loiola SHN, Stéfano VC, Proença LR, Suzuki CTN, Sabadini E, Bresciani KDS, Falcão AX, Gomes JF. Detection of intestinal parasites in human faecal samples using dissolved air flotation. Trop Med Int Health 2022; 27:1044-1052. [PMID: 36261920 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.13827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ova and parasite (O&P) examination is recommended for the laboratory diagnosis of agents causing parasitic infections; however, this exam requires scientific and technological improvements to enhance its diagnostic validity. Dissolved air flotation (DAF) is an efficient technical principle separating suspended solids in a liquid medium. We aimed to develop and validate a new procedure for intestinal parasite detection with DAF. METHODS In this study, we collected samples from 500 volunteers, screened them by direct examination, and transferred the material to tubes using the Three Faecal Test (TF-Test) for triplicate DAF tests. We evaluated physical-chemical parameters and DAF prototype components through quantifying parasites recovered from floated and non-floated regions of the flotation column. The DAF operation protocol was validated with the gold standard results. RESULTS The 10% saturated volume proportion and cationic surfactant showed regularity and high parasite recovery (80%). Modifications of the needle device did not influence parasite recovery (p > 0.05). Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and kappa agreement obtained with the DAF protocol were 91%, 100%, 93% and substantial (k = 0.64), respectively. CONCLUSION The DAF principle could be used to process faecal samples in routine laboratory exams, enabling intestinal parasite detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Augusto Soares
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.,Institute of Computing (IC), Laboratory of Image Data Science (LIDS), University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bianca Martins Dos Santos
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.,Institute of Computing (IC), Laboratory of Image Data Science (LIDS), University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Stefany Laryssa Rosa
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.,Institute of Computing (IC), Laboratory of Image Data Science (LIDS), University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Saulo Hudson Nery Loiola
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.,Institute of Computing (IC), Laboratory of Image Data Science (LIDS), University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vitória Castilho Stéfano
- Institute of Computing (IC), Laboratory of Image Data Science (LIDS), University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Letícia Rodrigues Proença
- Institute of Computing (IC), Laboratory of Image Data Science (LIDS), University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Celso Tetsuo Nagase Suzuki
- Institute of Computing (IC), Laboratory of Image Data Science (LIDS), University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.,ImmunoCamp Science and Technology, Vinhedo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edvaldo Sabadini
- Institute of Chemistry, Department of Physics-Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Alexandre Xavier Falcão
- Institute of Computing (IC), Laboratory of Image Data Science (LIDS), University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jancarlo Ferreira Gomes
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.,Institute of Computing (IC), Laboratory of Image Data Science (LIDS), University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Soares FA, Martins Dos Santos B, Rosa SL, Loiola SHN, Suzuki CTN, Sabadini E, Bresciani KDS, Falcão AX, Gomes JF. Dissolved air flotation as potential new mechanism for intestinal parasite diagnosis in feces. Acta Trop 2021; 224:106137. [PMID: 34562419 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The parasitological examination of feces is recommended for the laboratory diagnosis of intestinal parasites due to its practicality, low-cost, and moderate diagnostic sensitivity. Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF) is an efficient technical principle used in other areas to separate dispersed solids. This study sought the preliminary evaluation of a proof-of-concept prototype as a tool for detecting species of parasites by adjusting DAF. Two DAF prototype units were developed to evaluate microbubbles' generation amidst fecal suspension and parasites' capture. For this evaluation, samples were screened and processed by the TF-Test technique (Control) and simultaneously by DAF device. The dimensional and attachment characteristics in the formation of the microbubbles were evaluated, and the percentage of parasitic recovery in floated and not-floated regions compared by Student's t-test. The second prototype unit proved to be more efficient in forming microbubbles with diameters between 34 and 170µm. The flotation tests showed a recovery of 73.27%, 58.12%, 37.85%, and 91.89% for Ascaris lumbricoides, Hymenolepis diminuta, Giardia duodenalis, and Strongyloides stercoralis, respectively. This study confirmed the selective interaction between microbubbles and parasite eggs and larvae during the flotation process using the DAF principle for the first time through imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Augusto Soares
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-889, Brazil; Laboratory of Image Data Science (LIDS), Institute of Computing (IC), University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Bianca Martins Dos Santos
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-889, Brazil; Laboratory of Image Data Science (LIDS), Institute of Computing (IC), University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Stefany Laryssa Rosa
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-889, Brazil; Laboratory of Image Data Science (LIDS), Institute of Computing (IC), University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Saulo Hudson Nery Loiola
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-889, Brazil; Laboratory of Image Data Science (LIDS), Institute of Computing (IC), University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Celso Tetsuo Nagase Suzuki
- Laboratory of Image Data Science (LIDS), Institute of Computing (IC), University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; ImmunoCamp Science and Technology, Vinhedo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edvaldo Sabadini
- Department of Physical-Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Alexandre Xavier Falcão
- Laboratory of Image Data Science (LIDS), Institute of Computing (IC), University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jancarlo Ferreira Gomes
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-889, Brazil; Laboratory of Image Data Science (LIDS), Institute of Computing (IC), University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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6
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Rosa SL, Dos Santos BM, Soares FA, Loiola SHN, Inácio SV, Suzuki CTN, Sabadini E, Falcão AX, Bresciani KDS, Gomes JF. Use of the aqueous biphasic system as an alternative for concentration of Ascaris lumbricoides eggs, with non-toxic separation of faecal residues and fats. Trop Med Int Health 2019; 24:1320-1329. [PMID: 31505102 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.13308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Human enteroparasites are considered a serious public health problem in underdeveloped countries located in world regions with tropical, subtropical and equatorial climates. These parasites are commonly diagnosed by the Parasitological Examination of Faeces (PEF), performed by conventional techniques and/or commercial kits that result in tests with low-to-moderate sensitivity, due to the use of destructive chemical solvents to parasite structures, and to present excess adipose substance and digestive residues in their microscopic slides. In order to improve the efficacy of these tests/examinations, this study aimed to investigate a new alternative for the PEF, with the use of Aqueous Biphasic System (ABS). METHODS For this, four ABSs containing poly (ethylene glycol), PEG (PEG-4000 and PEG-6000), dipotassium phosphate and sodium citrate at different concentrations in the biphasic systems were evaluated with faecal samples containing eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides. RESULTS The ABS consisting of PEG-4000 and dipotassium phosphate, at concentrations of 55% w/w and 20% w/w, respectively, achieved 100% satisfactory results compared to the conventional TF-Test technique in terms of preservation and concentration of A. lumbricoides eggs, with adequate separation of digestive residues, without using a centrifuge or chemical solvents that may cause harm to the parasites. CONCLUSIONS This study presents ABS as a new low-cost technical principle for the detection of parasite eggs in PEF. The new technique is simple, fast, non-toxic, not harmful to the parasite and does not require a centrifuge.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sandra Valéria Inácio
- School of Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Edvaldo Sabadini
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Jancarlo Ferreira Gomes
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.,Institute of Computing, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Oliveira BCM, Ferrari ED, da Cruz Panegossi MF, Nakamura AA, Corbucci FS, Nagata WB, Dos Santos BM, Gomes JF, Meireles MV, Widmer G, Bresciani KDS. First description of Cryptosporidium parvum in carrier pigeons (Columba livia). Vet Parasitol 2017; 243:148-150. [PMID: 28807284 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2017.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The carrier pigeon and the domestic pigeon are different breeds of the species Columba livia. Carrier pigeons are used for recreational activities such as bird contests and exhibitions. Due to the close contact with humans, these birds may potentially represent a public health risk, since they can host and disseminate zoonotic parasites, such as those belonging to the genus Cryptosporidium (phylum Apicomplexa). The purpose of this work was the detection by microscopic and molecular techniques of Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts in fecal samples of carrier pigeons, and subsequently to sequence the 18S ribosomal RNA marker of positive samples to identify the species. A total of 100 fecal samples were collected individually in two pigeon breeding facilities from Formiga and Araçatuba, cities located in Minas Gerais state and São Paulo state, Brazil, respectively. The age of the birds ranged from one to 12 years; 56 were females and 44 males. Fecal smears were stained with negative malachite green, whereas the molecular characterization was based on the sequence of a ∼800bp fragment of the 18S rRNA gene. Microscopic examination of fecal smears revealed 4% (4/100) oocyst positivity. On the other hand, 7% (7/100) of positivity were found using nested PCR. Three samples were 99% to 100% similar to Cryptosporidium parvum 18S rDNA type A (Genbank AH006572) and the other three samples had 99% to 100% similarity to C. parvum 18S rDNA type B (Genbank AF308600). To our knowledge, this is the first report of C. parvum oocysts in carrier pigeons.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elis Domingos Ferrari
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Araçatuba, Brazil.
| | | | - Alex Akira Nakamura
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Araçatuba, Brazil.
| | - Flávio Sader Corbucci
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Araçatuba, Brazil.
| | | | - Bianca Martins Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Visual Informatics in Biomedical and Health, Institute of Computing, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Jancarlo Ferreira Gomes
- Laboratory of Visual Informatics in Biomedical and Health, Institute of Computing, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Giovanni Widmer
- Department of Infectious Disease & Global Health, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University, North Grafton, MA, USA.
| | - Katia Denise Saraiva Bresciani
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Araçatuba. Rua Clóvis Pestana, 793, Jardim Dona Amélia, cep 16050-680, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
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8
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Inácio SV, Gomes JF, Oliveira BCM, Falcão AX, Suzuki CTN, Dos Santos BM, de Aquino MCC, de Paula Ribeiro RS, de Assunção DM, Casemiro PAF, Meireles MV, Bresciani KDS. Validation of a new technique to detect Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts in bovine feces. Prev Vet Med 2016; 134:1-5. [PMID: 27836030 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2016.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Due to its important zoonotic potential, cryptosporidiosis arouses strong interest in the scientific community, because, it was initially considered a rare and opportunistic disease. The parasitological diagnosis of the causative agent of this disease, the protozoan Cryptosporidium spp., requires the use of specific techniques of concentration and permanent staining, which are laborious and costly, and are difficult to use in routine laboratory tests. In view of the above, we conducted the feasibility, development, evaluation and intralaboratory validation of a new parasitological technique for analysis in optical microscopy of Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts, called TF-Test Coccidia, using fecal samples from calves from the city of Araçatuba, São Paulo. To confirm the aforementioned parasite and prove the diagnostic efficiency of the new technique, we used two established methodologies in the scientific literature: parasite concentration by centrifugal sedimentation and negative staining with malachite green (CSN-Malachite) and Nested-PCR. We observed good effectiveness of the TF-Test Coccidia technique, being statistically equivalent to CSN-Malachite. Thus, we verified the effectiveness of the TF-Test Coccidia parasitological technique for the detection of Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts and observed good concentration and morphology of the parasite, with a low amount of debris in the fecal smear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Valéria Inácio
- UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Departamento de Apoio, Produção e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária de Araçatuba, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Jancarlo Ferreira Gomes
- UNICAMP, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Institutos de Biologia e Computação, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Bruno César Miranda Oliveira
- UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Departamento de Apoio, Produção e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária de Araçatuba, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Alexandre Xavier Falcão
- UNICAMP, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Computação, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Monally Conceição Costa de Aquino
- UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Departamento de Apoio, Produção e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária de Araçatuba, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Rafaela Silva de Paula Ribeiro
- UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Departamento de Apoio, Produção e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária de Araçatuba, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Danilla Mendes de Assunção
- UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Departamento de Apoio, Produção e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária de Araçatuba, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Pamella Almeida Freire Casemiro
- UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Departamento de Apoio, Produção e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária de Araçatuba, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Vasconcelos Meireles
- UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Departamento de Apoio, Produção e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária de Araçatuba, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Katia Denise Saraiva Bresciani
- UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Departamento de Apoio, Produção e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária de Araçatuba, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
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9
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Carvalho JBD, Santos BMD, Gomes JF, Suzuki CTN, Hoshino Shimizu S, Falcão AX, Pierucci JC, Matos LVSD, Bresciani KDS. TF-Test Modified: New Diagnostic Tool for Human Enteroparasitosis. J Clin Lab Anal 2015; 30:293-300. [PMID: 25968065 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.21854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal parasitosis is highly prevalent worldwide, being among the main causes of illness and death in humans. Currently, laboratory diagnosis of the intestinal parasites is accomplished through manual technical procedures, mostly developed decades ago, which justifies the development of more sensitive and practical techniques. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to develop, evaluate, and validate a new parasitological technique referred to as TF-Test Modified, in comparison to three conventional parasitological techniques: TF-Test Conventional; Rugai, Mattos & Brisola; and Helm Test/Kato-Katz. For this realization, we collected stool samples from 457 volunteers located in endemic areas of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil, and statistically compared the techniques. Intestinal protozoa and helminths were detected qualitatively in 42.23% (193/457) of the volunteers by TF-Test Modified technique, against 36.76% (168/457) by TF-Test Conventional, 5.03% (23/457) by Helm Test/Kato-Katz, and 4.16% (19/457) by Rugai, Mattos & Brisola. Furthermore, the new technique presented "almost perfect kappa" agreement in all evaluated parameters with 95% (P < 0.05) of estimation. The current study showed that the TF-Test Modified technique can be comprehensively used in the diagnosis of intestinal protozoa and helminths, and its greater diagnostic sensitivity should help improving the quality of laboratory diagnosis, population surveys, and control of intestinal parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jancarlo Ferreira Gomes
- Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, São Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratory of Visual Informatics in Biomedical and Health, Institute of Computing, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Celso Tetsuo Nagase Suzuki
- Laboratory of Visual Informatics in Biomedical and Health, Institute of Computing, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, São Paulo, Brazil.,Immunocamp Technology Research and Development LTDA, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sumie Hoshino Shimizu
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Xavier Falcão
- Laboratory of Visual Informatics in Biomedical and Health, Institute of Computing, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julia Cestari Pierucci
- Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University - UNESP/Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
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