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Pusateri A, Litzenberg K, Griffiths C, Hayes C, Gnyawali B, Manious M, Kelly SG, Conteh LF, Jalil S, Nagaraja HN, Mumtaz K. Randomized intervention and outpatient follow-up lowers 30-d readmissions for patients with hepatic encephalopathy, decompensated cirrhosis. World J Hepatol 2023; 15:826-840. [PMID: 37397939 PMCID: PMC10308285 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v15.i6.826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously reported national 30-d readmission rates of 27% in patients with decompensated cirrhosis (DC).
AIM To study prospective interventions to reduce early readmissions in DC at our tertiary center.
METHODS Adults with DC admitted July 2019 to December 2020 were enrolled and randomized into the intervention (INT) or standard of care (SOC) arms. Weekly phone calls for a month were completed. In the INT arm, case managers ensured outpatient follow-up, paracentesis, and medication compliance. Thirty-day readmission rates and reasons were compared.
RESULTS Calculated sample size was not achieved due to coronavirus disease 2019; 240 patients were randomized into INT and SOC arms. 30-d readmission rate was 33.75%, 35.83% in the INT vs 31.67% in the SOC arm (P = 0.59). The top reason for 30-d readmission was hepatic encephalopathy (HE, 32.10%). There was a lower rate of 30-d readmissions for HE in the INT (21%) vs SOC arm (45%, P = 0.03). There were fewer 30-d readmissions in patients who attended early outpatient follow-up (n = 17, 23.61% vs n = 55, 76.39%, P = 0.04).
CONCLUSION Our 30-d readmission rate was higher than the national rate but reduced by interventions in patients with DC with HE and early outpatient follow-up. Development of interventions to reduce early readmission in patients with DC is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoinette Pusateri
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Kevin Litzenberg
- Division of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Claire Griffiths
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Caitlin Hayes
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Bipul Gnyawali
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Michelle Manious
- Division of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Sean G Kelly
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Lanla F Conteh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Ohio State Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Sajid Jalil
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Haikady N Nagaraja
- Division of Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Khalid Mumtaz
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
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Gnyawali B, Pusateri A, Nickerson A, Jalil S, Mumtaz K. Epidemiologic and socioeconomic factors impacting hepatitis B virus and related hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:3793-3802. [PMID: 36157533 PMCID: PMC9367226 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i29.3793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic Hepatitis B is a highly prevalent disease worldwide and is estimated to cause more than 800000 annual deaths from complications such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although universal hepatitis B vaccination programs may have reduced the incidence and prevalence of chronic hepatitis B and related HCC, the disease still imposes a significant healthcare burden in many endemic regions such as Africa and the Asia-Pacific region. This is especially concerning given the global underdiagnosis of hepatitis B and the limited availability of vaccination, screening, and treatment in low-resource regions. Demographics including male gender, older age, ethnicity, and geographic location as well as low socioeconomic status are more heavily impacted by chronic hepatitis B and related HCC. Methods to mitigate this impact include increasing screening in high-risk groups according to national guidelines, increasing awareness and health literacy in vulnerable populations, and developing more robust vaccination programs in under-served regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bipul Gnyawali
- Department of Medicine, Kettering Medical Center, Dayton, OH 45342, United States
| | - Antoinette Pusateri
- Department of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Ashley Nickerson
- Department of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Sajid Jalil
- Department of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Khalid Mumtaz
- Department of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
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Chu BK, Gnyawali B, Cloyd JM, Hart PA, Papachristou GI, Lara LF, Groce JR, Hinton A, Conwell DL, Krishna SG. Early unplanned readmissions following same-admission cholecystectomy for acute biliary pancreatitis. Surg Endosc 2021; 36:3001-3010. [PMID: 34159465 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-021-08595-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Same-admission cholecystectomy (CCY) is recommended for mild acute biliary pancreatitis (biliary-AP). However, there is a paucity of research investigating reasons for early (30-day) unplanned readmissions in patients who undergo CCY for biliary-AP. Hence, we sought to investigate this gap using a large population database. METHODS Using the Nationwide Readmission Database (2010-2014), we identified all adults (age ≥ 18 years) with a principal diagnosis of biliary-AP who had undergone CCY during the index hospitalization. Multivariable logistic regression models were obtained to assess independent predictors for 30-day readmission. Principal diagnosis for all readmissions was collected to ascertain the indications for early readmission. RESULTS During the study period, 118,224 patients underwent same-admission CCY for biliary-AP. Three-fourths of all patients underwent invasive cholangiography during the hospitalization (intraoperative cholangiogram (IOC) = 57,038, ERCP = 31,500). The rate of early (30-day) readmission was 7.25% (n = 8574). Exacerbation of prior medical conditions (42.2%), sequelae of biliary-AP (resolving and recurrent pancreatitis, pseudocysts) (27.6%), surgical site and other postoperative complications (16%), choledocholithiasis and/or bile leak (9.6%), and preventable hospital-acquired conditions (4.6%) accounted for early readmissions. On multivariable analysis, predictors for readmission included male sex (odds ratio [OR] 1.18, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08-1.28), insurance type (Medicare insurance [OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.13-1.40]; Medicaid [OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.09-1.38]), outside-facility discharge (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.16-1.57), severe AP (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.21-1.50), and ≥ 3 Elixhauser comorbidities (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.41-1.69). Performance of IOC (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.82-0.97) and ERCP (OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.73-0.89) were associated with decreased risk of early readmission. CONCLUSION In this study, using a national population database evaluating patients who underwent same-admission CCY after biliary-AP, we identified potentially modifiable risk factors and causes for early readmission as well as opportunities to improve clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon K Chu
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Bipul Gnyawali
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jordan M Cloyd
- Division of Surgical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, James Cancer Center and Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Phil A Hart
- Section of Pancreatic Disorders and Advanced Endoscopy, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, & Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Georgios I Papachristou
- Section of Pancreatic Disorders and Advanced Endoscopy, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, & Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Luis F Lara
- Section of Pancreatic Disorders and Advanced Endoscopy, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, & Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Groce
- Section of Pancreatic Disorders and Advanced Endoscopy, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, & Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Alice Hinton
- Division of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Darwin L Conwell
- Section of Pancreatic Disorders and Advanced Endoscopy, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, & Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Somashekar G Krishna
- Section of Pancreatic Disorders and Advanced Endoscopy, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, & Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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