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Roman VA, Crable BR, Wagner DN, Gryganskyi A, Zelik S, Cummings L, Hung CS, Nadeau LJ, Schratz L, Haridas S, Pangilinan J, Lipzen A, Na H, Yan M, Ng V, Grigoriev IV, Barlow D, Biffinger J, Kelley-Loughnane N, Crookes-Goodson WJ, Stamps B, Varaljay VA. Identification and recombinant expression of a cutinase from Papiliotrema laurentii that hydrolyzes natural and synthetic polyesters. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024:e0169423. [PMID: 38624219 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01694-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Given the multitude of extracellular enzymes at their disposal, many of which are designed to degrade nature's polymers (lignin, cutin, cellulose, etc.), fungi are adept at targeting synthetic polyesters with similar chemical composition. Microbial-influenced deterioration of xenobiotic polymeric surfaces is an area of interest for material scientists as these are important for the conservation of the underlying structural materials. Here, we describe the isolation and characterization of the Papiliotrema laurentii 5307AH (P. laurentii) cutinase, Plcut1. P. laurentii is basidiomycete yeast with the ability to disperse Impranil-DLN (Impranil), a colloidal polyester polyurethane, in agar plates. To test whether the fungal factor involved in this clearing was a secreted enzyme, we screened the ability of P. laurentii culture supernatants to disperse Impranil. Using size exclusion chromatography (SEC), we isolated fractions that contained Impranil-clearing activity. These fractions harbored a single ~22 kD band, which was excised and subjected to peptide sequencing. Homology searches using the peptide sequences identified, revealed that the protein Papla1 543643 (Plcut1) displays similarities to serine esterase and cutinase family of proteins. Biochemical assays using recombinant Plcut1 confirmed that this enzyme has the capability to hydrolyze Impranil, soluble esterase substrates, and apple cutin. Finally, we confirmed the presence of the Plcut1 in culture supernatants using a custom antibody that specifically recognizes this protein. The work shown here supports a major role for the Plcut1 in the fungal degradation of natural polyesters and xenobiotic polymer surfaces.IMPORTANCEFungi play a vital role in the execution of a broad range of biological processes that drive ecosystem function through production of a diverse arsenal of enzymes. However, the universal reactivity of these enzymes is a current problem for the built environment and the undesired degradation of polymeric materials in protective coatings. Here, we report the identification and characterization of a hydrolase from Papiliotrema laurentii 5307AH, an aircraft-derived fungal isolate found colonizing a biodeteriorated polymer-coated surface. We show that P. laurentii secretes a cutinase capable of hydrolyzing soluble esters as well as ester-based compounds forming solid surface coatings. These findings indicate that this fungus plays a significant role in biodeterioration through the production of a cutinase adept at degrading ester-based polymers, some of which form the backbone of protective surface coatings. The work shown here provides insights into the mechanisms employed by fungi to degrade xenobiotic polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor A Roman
- Soft Matter Materials Branch, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, USA
- UES, Inc., Dayton, Ohio, USA
| | - Bryan R Crable
- Soft Matter Materials Branch, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, USA
- UES, Inc., Dayton, Ohio, USA
| | - Dominique N Wagner
- Soft Matter Materials Branch, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, USA
- UES, Inc., Dayton, Ohio, USA
| | - Andrii Gryganskyi
- Soft Matter Materials Branch, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, USA
- UES, Inc., Dayton, Ohio, USA
| | - Stephen Zelik
- Soft Matter Materials Branch, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, USA
- UES, Inc., Dayton, Ohio, USA
| | - Logan Cummings
- Soft Matter Materials Branch, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, USA
- UES, Inc., Dayton, Ohio, USA
| | - Chia S Hung
- Soft Matter Materials Branch, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, USA
| | - Lloyd J Nadeau
- Soft Matter Materials Branch, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, USA
| | - Lucas Schratz
- Chemistry Department, University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio, USA
| | - Sajeet Haridas
- U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Jasmyn Pangilinan
- U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Anna Lipzen
- U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Hyunsoo Na
- U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Mi Yan
- U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Vivian Ng
- U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Igor V Grigoriev
- U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | | | | | - Nancy Kelley-Loughnane
- Soft Matter Materials Branch, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Blake Stamps
- Soft Matter Materials Branch, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, USA
| | - Vanessa A Varaljay
- Soft Matter Materials Branch, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, USA
- The Ohio State University, Infectious Diseases Institute, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Arcidiacono S, Spangler JR, Litteral V, Doherty LA, Stamps B, Walper S, Goodson M, Soares JW. In Vitro Fermentation Evaluation of Engineered Sense and Respond Probiotics in Polymicrobial Communities. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:5176-5185. [PMID: 37642529 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic biology provides a means of engineering tailored functions into probiotic bacteria. Of particular interest is introducing microbial sense and response functions; however, techniques for testing in physiologically relevant environments, such as those for the intended use, are still lacking. Typically, engineered probiotics are developed and tested in monoculture or in simplified cocultures still within ideal environments. In vitro fermentation models using simplified microbial communities now allow us to simulate engineered organism behavior, specifically organism persistence and intended functionality, within more physiologically relevant, tailored microbial communities. Here, probiotic bacteria Escherichia coli Nissle and Lactobacillus plantarum engineered with sense and response functionalities were evaluated for the ability to persist and function without adverse impact on commensal bacteria within simplified polymicrobial communities with increasing metabolic competition that simulate gut microbe community dynamics. Probiotic abundance and plasmid stability, measured by viability qPCR, decreased for engineered E. coli Nissle relative to monocultures as metabolic competition increased; functional output was not affected. For engineered L. plantarum, abundance and plasmid stability were not adversely impacted; however, functional output was decreased universally as metabolic competition was introduced. For both organisms, adverse effects on select commensals were not evident. Testing engineered probiotics in more physiologically relevant in vitro test beds can provide critical knowledge for circuit design feedback and functional validation prior to the transition to more costly and time-consuming higher-fidelity testing in animal or human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Arcidiacono
- Soldier Effectiveness Directorate, US Army DEVCOM Soldier Center, Natick, Massachusetts 01760, United States
| | - Joseph R Spangler
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C.20375, United States
| | - Vaughn Litteral
- UES Inc, US Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Laurel A Doherty
- Soldier Effectiveness Directorate, US Army DEVCOM Soldier Center, Natick, Massachusetts 01760, United States
| | - Blake Stamps
- 711th Human Performance Wing, US Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Scott Walper
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C.20375, United States
| | - Michael Goodson
- 711th Human Performance Wing, US Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Jason W Soares
- Soldier Effectiveness Directorate, US Army DEVCOM Soldier Center, Natick, Massachusetts 01760, United States
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Shawn S, Harshman SW, Davidson C, Lee JH, Jung A, Parker A, Hawkins MA, Stamps B, Pitsch R, Martin J. Sterilization and reuse of masks for a standardized exhaled breath collection device by autoclaving. J Breath Res 2023. [PMID: 37352843 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ace127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Exhaled breath research has been hindered by a lack of standardization in collection and analysis methodologies. Recently, the Respiration Collector for In Vitro Analysis (ReCIVA) sampling device has illustrated the potential to provide a consistent and convenient method for exhaled breath collection onto adsorbent media. However, the significant costs, compared to exhaled breath bags, associated with the standardized collector is believed to be the reason for limited widespread use by researchers in the exhaled breath field. For example, in addition to the sampling hardware, a single-use disposable silicon mask affixed with a filter is required for each exhaled breath collection. To reduce the financial burden, streamline device upkeep, reduce waste material, and ease the logistical burden associated with the single use masks, it is hypothesized that the consumable masks and filters could be sterilized by autoclaving for reuse. The masks were contaminated, autoclaved, and then tested for any surviving pathogens with spore strip standards and by measuring the optical density of cultures. The compound background collected when using the ReCIVA with new masks was compared to that collected with repeatedly autoclaved masks via thermal desorption gas chromatography mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS). The capacity to block particulate matter of new filters was tested against that of autoclaved filters by introducing an aerosol and comparing pre-filter and post-filter particle counts. Finally, breath samplings were conducted with new masks and autoclaved masks to test for changes in measurements by TD-GC-MS of exogenous and endogenous compounds. The data illustrate the autoclave cycle sterilizes masks spiked with saliva to background levels (p=0.2527). The results indicate that background levels of siloxane compounds are increased as masks are repetitively autoclaved. The data show that mask filters have significant breakthrough of 1μm particles after five repetitive autoclaving cycles compared to new filters (p=0.0219). Finally, exhaled breath results utilizing a peppermint ingestion protocol indicate two compounds associated with peppermint, menthone and 1-Methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-cyclohexanol, and an endogenous exhaled breath compound, isoprene, show no significant difference if sampled with a new mask or a mask autoclaved five times (p>0.1063). Collectively, the data indicate that ReCIVA masks and filters can be sterilized via autoclave and reused. The results suggest ReCIVA mask and filter reuse should be limited to three times to limit potentially problematic background contaminants and filter dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Shawn
- Air Force Research Laboratory, 2510 Fifth Street, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, 45433-7131, UNITED STATES
| | - Sean William Harshman
- Air Force Research Laboratory, 2510 Fifth Street, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, 45433-7131, UNITED STATES
| | - Christina Davidson
- Air Force Research Laboratory 711th Human Performance Wing, 2510 Fifth Street, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, 45433, UNITED STATES
| | - Jae Hwan Lee
- Air Force Research Laboratory, 2510 Fifth Street, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, 45433-7131, UNITED STATES
| | - Anne Jung
- UES Inc, 2510 Fifth Street, Area B, Building 840, WPAFB, Ohio, 45433, UNITED STATES
| | - Ariel Parker
- UES Inc, 4401 Dayton Xenia Rd, Dayton, Ohio, 45432-1894, UNITED STATES
| | | | - Blake Stamps
- Air Force Research Laboratory, 2510 Fifth Street, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, 45433-7131, UNITED STATES
| | - Rhonda Pitsch
- Air Force Research Laboratory, 2510 Fifth Street, Area B, Building 840, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, 45433-7131, UNITED STATES
| | - Jennifer Martin
- Air Force Research Laboratory, 2510 Fifth Street, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, 45433-7131, UNITED STATES
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