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Bumbac M, Nicolescu CM, Zaharescu T, Bumbac C, Manea EE, Ionescu IA, Gurgu IV, Serban BC, Buiu O, Dumitrescu C. Influence of Biogenic Material Content on the Biodegradability of Styrene-Butadiene Composites with Incorporated Chlorella vulgaris Biomass. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1241. [PMID: 38732710 DOI: 10.3390/polym16091241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Bio-fillers are intensively studied for advanced polymer composite circular design and production. In this context, the algal biomass may be considered an important and relatively low-cost resource, when harvested as a by-product from wastewater treatment plants. The biomass of the algal species Chlorella vulgaris is frequently used in this type of environmental process, and its macro constituents' composition ranges from around 15-25% carbohydrates, 10-20% lipids, and 50-60% proteins. Poly (styrene-butadiene-styrene) (SBS) copolymers have a matrix composed of glassy polystyrene domains connected by flexible polybutadiene segments. Although the physical-mechanical properties of SBS copolymers recommend them for many industrial applications, they have the drawback of low biodegradability. This study aimed to assess the aerobic biodegradability of polymer composites by integrating biomass from Chlorella vulgaris at varying mass percentages of 5, 10, and 20% into SBS copolymer composites. Biodegradation tests were conducted under industrial composting conditions (58 °C and 50% relative humidity) for 180 days. The biodegradability of materials was evaluated by measuring the CO2 produced in each vessel during the study period. Potential correlations between the amount of carbon dioxide released and the percentage of biomass added to the polymer matrix were examined. Structural and morphological changes were assessed using Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal analysis (DSC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Physical and chemical testing revealed a decrease in sample density after the industrial composting test, along with noticeable changes in melt flow index (MFI). The observed physical and chemical changes, coupled with FTIR, SEM, and DSC data, indicate increased cross-linking and higher porosity in biodegraded polymer structures with higher biomass content. This behavior is likely due to the formation of cross-linked connections between polymer chains and polypeptide chains resulting from protein degradation, enhancing connections between polystyrene units facilitated by peptide bonds with the benzene units of the styrene blocks within the polymer matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Bumbac
- Faculty of Science and Arts, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Aleea Sinaia, 130004 Targoviste, Dambovita, Romania
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Science and Technology, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Aleea Sinaia, 130004 Targoviste, Dambovita, Romania
| | - Cristina Mihaela Nicolescu
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Science and Technology, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Aleea Sinaia, 130004 Targoviste, Dambovita, Romania
| | - Traian Zaharescu
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Science and Technology, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Aleea Sinaia, 130004 Targoviste, Dambovita, Romania
- National Institute for Electrical Engineering, Advanced Research (INCDIE ICPE CA), 313 Splaiul Unirii, 030138 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Costel Bumbac
- National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology-ECOIND, 57-73 Drumul Podu Dambovitei, District 6, 060652 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena Elisabeta Manea
- National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology-ECOIND, 57-73 Drumul Podu Dambovitei, District 6, 060652 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Alexandra Ionescu
- National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology-ECOIND, 57-73 Drumul Podu Dambovitei, District 6, 060652 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ion Valentin Gurgu
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Science and Technology, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Aleea Sinaia, 130004 Targoviste, Dambovita, Romania
| | - Bogdan-Catalin Serban
- IMT Bucharest, National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies, 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae, 077190 Voluntari, Romania
| | - Octavian Buiu
- IMT Bucharest, National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies, 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae, 077190 Voluntari, Romania
| | - Crinela Dumitrescu
- Faculty of Science and Arts, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Aleea Sinaia, 130004 Targoviste, Dambovita, Romania
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Bumbac M, Nicolescu CM, Zaharescu T, Gurgu IV, Bumbac C, Manea EE, Ionescu IA, Serban BC, Buiu O, Dumitrescu C. Biodegradation Study of Styrene-Butadiene Composites with Incorporated Arthrospira platensis Biomass. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1218. [PMID: 38732687 DOI: 10.3390/polym16091218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The preparation of polymer composites that incorporate material of a biogenic nature in the polymer matrices may lead to a reduction in fossil polymer consumption and a potentially higher biodegradability. Furthermore, microalgae biomass as biogenic filler has the advantage of fast growth and high tolerance to different types of culture media with higher production yields than those provided by the biomass of terrestrial crops. On the other hand, algal biomass can be a secondary product in wastewater treatment processes. For the present study, an SBS polymer composite (SBSC) containing 25% (w/w) copolymer SBS1 (linear copolymer: 30% styrene and 70% butadiene), 50% (w/w) copolymer SBS2 (linear copolymer: 40% styrene and 60% butadiene), and 25% (w/w) paraffin oil was prepared. Arthrospira platensis biomass (moisture content 6.0 ± 0.5%) was incorporated into the SBSC in 5, 10, 20, and 30% (w/w) ratios to obtain polymer composites with spirulina biomass. For the biodegradation studies, the ISO 14855-1:2012(E) standard was applied, with slight changes, as per the specificity of our experiments. The degradation of the studied materials was followed by quantitatively monitoring the CO2 resulting from the degradation process and captured by absorption in NaOH solution 0.5 mol/L. The structural and morphological changes induced by the industrial composting test on the materials were followed by physical-mechanical, FTIR, SEM, and DSC analysis. The obtained results were compared to create a picture of the material transformation during the composting period. Thus, the collected data indicate two biodegradation processes, of the polymer and the biomass, which take place at the same time at different rates, which influence each other. On the other hand, it is found that the material becomes less ordered, with a sponge-like morphology; the increase in the percentage of biomass leads to an advanced degree of degradation of the material. The FTIR analysis data suggest the possibility of the formation of peptide bonds between the aromatic nuclei in the styrene block and the molecular residues resulting from biomass biodegradation. It seems that in industrial composting conditions, the area of the polystyrene blocks from the SBS-based composite is preferentially transformed in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Bumbac
- Faculty of Science and Arts, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Aleea Sinaia, 130004 Targoviste, Dambovita, Romania
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Science and Technology, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Aleea Sinaia, 130004 Targoviste, Dambovita, Romania
| | - Cristina Mihaela Nicolescu
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Science and Technology, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Aleea Sinaia, 130004 Targoviste, Dambovita, Romania
| | - Traian Zaharescu
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Science and Technology, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Aleea Sinaia, 130004 Targoviste, Dambovita, Romania
- National Institute for Electrical Engineering, Advanced Research (INCDIE ICPE CA), 313 Splaiul Unirii, 030138 Bucharest, Ilfov, Romania
| | - Ion Valentin Gurgu
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Science and Technology, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Aleea Sinaia, 130004 Targoviste, Dambovita, Romania
| | - Costel Bumbac
- National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology-ECOIND, 57-73 Drumul Podu Dambovitei, District 6, 060652 Bucharest, Ilfov, Romania
| | - Elena Elisabeta Manea
- National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology-ECOIND, 57-73 Drumul Podu Dambovitei, District 6, 060652 Bucharest, Ilfov, Romania
| | - Ioana Alexandra Ionescu
- National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology-ECOIND, 57-73 Drumul Podu Dambovitei, District 6, 060652 Bucharest, Ilfov, Romania
| | - Bogdan-Catalin Serban
- IMT Bucharest, National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies, 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae, 077190 Voluntari, Ilfov, Romania
| | - Octavian Buiu
- IMT Bucharest, National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies, 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae, 077190 Voluntari, Ilfov, Romania
| | - Crinela Dumitrescu
- Faculty of Science and Arts, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Aleea Sinaia, 130004 Targoviste, Dambovita, Romania
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Serban BC, Cobianu C, Buiu O, Bumbac M, Dumbravescu N, Avramescu V, Nicolescu CM, Brezeanu M, Pachiu C, Craciun G, Radulescu C. Ternary Nanocomposites Based on Oxidized Carbon Nanohorns as Sensing Layers for Room Temperature Resistive Humidity Sensing. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:2705. [PMID: 34063918 PMCID: PMC8196599 DOI: 10.3390/ma14112705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents the relative humidity (RH) sensing response of a resistive sensor employing sensing layers based on a ternary nanocomposite comprising graphene oxide-oxidized carbon nanohorns-polyvinylpyrrolidone (GO-CNHox-PVP), at 1/1/1, 1/2/1, and 1/3/1 w/w/w mass ratios. The sensing structure is composed of a silicon substrate, a SiO2 layer, and interdigitated transducers (IDT) electrodes, on which the sensing layer is deposited via the drop-casting method. The morphology and the composition of the sensing layers are investigated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and RAMAN spectroscopy. The RH sensing capability of each carbonaceous nanocomposite-based thin film was analyzed by applying a current between the two electrodes and by measuring the voltage difference when varying the RH from 0% to 100% in humid nitrogen. The sensors have a room temperature response comparable to that of a commercial humidity sensor and are characterized by a rapid response, excellent linearity, good sensitivity, and recovery time. The manufactured sensing devices' transfer functions were established, and we extracted the response and recovery times. While the structures with GO/CNHox/PVP at 1/1/1 ratio (w/w/w) had the best performance in terms of relative sensibility, response time, and recovery time, the sensors employing the GO/CNHox/PVP nanocomposite at the 1/2/1 ratio (w/w/w) had the best linearity. Moreover, the ternary mixture proved to have much better sensing properties compared to CNHox and CNHox-PVP-based sensing layers in terms of sensitivity and linearity. Each component of the ternary nanocomposites' functional role is explained based on their physical and chemical properties. We analyzed the potential mechanism associated with the sensors' response; among these, the effect of the p-type semiconductor behavior of CNHox and GO, correlated with swelling of the PVP, was dominant and led to increased resistance of the sensing layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan-Catalin Serban
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies-IMT Bucharest, 126 A Erou Iancu Str., 077190 Voluntari, Romania
- Research Center for Integrated Systems, Nanotechnologies, and Carbon-Based Nanomaterials (CENASIC)-IMT, Str. Erou Iancu Nicolae 126A, 077190 Voluntari, Romania
| | - Cornel Cobianu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies-IMT Bucharest, 126 A Erou Iancu Str., 077190 Voluntari, Romania
- Research Center for Integrated Systems, Nanotechnologies, and Carbon-Based Nanomaterials (CENASIC)-IMT, Str. Erou Iancu Nicolae 126A, 077190 Voluntari, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Science, and Technology of Information Section, Ilfov Str., nr. 3, Sector 5, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Octavian Buiu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies-IMT Bucharest, 126 A Erou Iancu Str., 077190 Voluntari, Romania
- Research Center for Integrated Systems, Nanotechnologies, and Carbon-Based Nanomaterials (CENASIC)-IMT, Str. Erou Iancu Nicolae 126A, 077190 Voluntari, Romania
| | - Marius Bumbac
- Sciences and Advanced Technologies Department, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Sinaia Alley, 130004 Targoviste, Romania
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Science Technology, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Sinaia Alley, 130004 Targoviste, Romania
| | - Niculae Dumbravescu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies-IMT Bucharest, 126 A Erou Iancu Str., 077190 Voluntari, Romania
- Research Center for Integrated Systems, Nanotechnologies, and Carbon-Based Nanomaterials (CENASIC)-IMT, Str. Erou Iancu Nicolae 126A, 077190 Voluntari, Romania
| | - Viorel Avramescu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies-IMT Bucharest, 126 A Erou Iancu Str., 077190 Voluntari, Romania
| | - Cristina Mihaela Nicolescu
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Science Technology, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Sinaia Alley, 130004 Targoviste, Romania
| | - Mihai Brezeanu
- Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications, and I.T., University Politehnica of Bucharest, Romania, 1-3 Iuliu Maniu Blvd., 6th district, 061071 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristina Pachiu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies-IMT Bucharest, 126 A Erou Iancu Str., 077190 Voluntari, Romania
| | - Gabriel Craciun
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies-IMT Bucharest, 126 A Erou Iancu Str., 077190 Voluntari, Romania
| | - Cristiana Radulescu
- Sciences and Advanced Technologies Department, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Sinaia Alley, 130004 Targoviste, Romania
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Science Technology, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Sinaia Alley, 130004 Targoviste, Romania
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Serban BC, Cobianu C, Dumbravescu N, Buiu O, Bumbac M, Nicolescu CM, Cobianu C, Brezeanu M, Pachiu C, Serbanescu M. Electrical Percolation Threshold and Size Effects in Polyvinylpyrrolidone-Oxidized Single-Wall Carbon Nanohorn Nanocomposite: The Impact for Relative Humidity Resistive Sensors Design. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:1435. [PMID: 33669486 PMCID: PMC7922567 DOI: 10.3390/s21041435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports, for the first time, on the electrical percolation threshold in oxidized carbon nanohorns (CNHox)-polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) films. We demonstrate-starting from the design and synthesis of the layers-how these films can be used as sensing layers for resistive relative humidity sensors. The morphology and the composition of the sensing layers are investigated through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), and RAMAN spectroscopy. For establishing the electrical percolation thresholds of CNHox in PVP, these nanocomposite thin films were deposited on interdigitated transducer (IDT) dual-comb structures. The IDTs were processed both on a rigid Si/SiO2 substrate with a spacing of 10 µm between metal digits, and a flexible substrate (polyimide) with a spacing of 100 µm. The percolation thresholds of CNHox in the PVP matrix were equal to (0.05-0.1) wt% and 3.5 wt% when performed on 10 µm-IDT and 100 µm-IDT, respectively. The latter value agreed well with the percolation threshold value of about 4 wt% predicted by the aspect ratio of CNHox. In contrast, the former value was more than an order of magnitude lower than expected. We explained the percolation threshold value of (0.05-0.1) wt% by the increased probability of forming continuous conductive paths at much lower CNHox concentrations when the gap between electrodes is below a specific limit. The change in the nanocomposite's longitudinal Young modulus, as a function of the concentration of oxidized carbon nanohorns in the polymer matrix, is also evaluated. Based on these results, we identified a new parameter (i.e., the inter-electrode spacing) affecting the electrical percolation threshold in micro-nano electronic devices. The electrical percolation threshold's critical role in the resistive relative-humidity sensors' design and functioning is clearly emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan-Catalin Serban
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies-IMT Bucharest, 126 A Erou Iancu Nicolae Str., 077190 Voluntari, Romania; (C.C.); (N.D.); (C.P.)
- Research Center for Integrated System, Nanotechnologies, Carbon-Based Nanomaterials (CENASIC)-IMT, 126 A Erou Iancu Nicolae Str., 077190 Voluntari, Romania
| | - Cornel Cobianu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies-IMT Bucharest, 126 A Erou Iancu Nicolae Str., 077190 Voluntari, Romania; (C.C.); (N.D.); (C.P.)
- Research Center for Integrated System, Nanotechnologies, Carbon-Based Nanomaterials (CENASIC)-IMT, 126 A Erou Iancu Nicolae Str., 077190 Voluntari, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Science, Technology of Information Section, 3 Ilfov Str., 077160 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Niculae Dumbravescu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies-IMT Bucharest, 126 A Erou Iancu Nicolae Str., 077190 Voluntari, Romania; (C.C.); (N.D.); (C.P.)
- Research Center for Integrated System, Nanotechnologies, Carbon-Based Nanomaterials (CENASIC)-IMT, 126 A Erou Iancu Nicolae Str., 077190 Voluntari, Romania
| | - Octavian Buiu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies-IMT Bucharest, 126 A Erou Iancu Nicolae Str., 077190 Voluntari, Romania; (C.C.); (N.D.); (C.P.)
- Research Center for Integrated System, Nanotechnologies, Carbon-Based Nanomaterials (CENASIC)-IMT, 126 A Erou Iancu Nicolae Str., 077190 Voluntari, Romania
| | - Marius Bumbac
- Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Sciences and Advanced Technologies Department, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Sinaia Alley, 130004 Targoviste, Romania;
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Science Technology, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Sinaia Alley, 130004 Targoviste, Romania;
| | - Cristina Mihaela Nicolescu
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Science Technology, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Sinaia Alley, 130004 Targoviste, Romania;
| | - Cosmin Cobianu
- Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Information Technology Faculty, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Sinaia Alley, 130004 Targoviste, Romania;
| | - Mihai Brezeanu
- Faculty of Electronics, University Politehnica of Bucharest Telecommunications and Information Technology, 1–3 Iuliu Maniu Blvd., 6th District, 061071 Bucharest, Romania; (M.B.); (M.S.)
| | - Cristina Pachiu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies-IMT Bucharest, 126 A Erou Iancu Nicolae Str., 077190 Voluntari, Romania; (C.C.); (N.D.); (C.P.)
| | - Matei Serbanescu
- Faculty of Electronics, University Politehnica of Bucharest Telecommunications and Information Technology, 1–3 Iuliu Maniu Blvd., 6th District, 061071 Bucharest, Romania; (M.B.); (M.S.)
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Cobianu C, Serban BC, Dumbravescu N, Buiu O, Avramescu V, Pachiu C, Bita B, Bumbac M, Nicolescu CM, Cobianu C. Organic-Inorganic Ternary Nanohybrids of Single-Walled Carbon Nanohorns for Room Temperature Chemiresistive Ethanol Detection. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:E2552. [PMID: 33353231 PMCID: PMC7766401 DOI: 10.3390/nano10122552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic ternary nanohybrids consisting of oxidized-single walled carbon nanohorns-SnO2-polyvinylpyrrolidone (ox-SWCNH/SnO2/PVP) with stoichiometry 1/1/1 and 2/1/1 and ox-SWCNH/ZnO/PVP = 5/2/1 and 5/3/2 (all mass ratios) were synthesized and characterized as sensing films of chemiresistive test structures for ethanol vapor detection in dry air, in the range from 0 up to 50 mg/L. All the sensing films had an ox-SWCNH concentration in the range of 33.3-62.5 wt%. A comparison between the transfer functions and the response and recovery times of these sensing devices has shown that the structures with ox-SWCNH/SnO2/PVP = 1/1/1 have the highest relative sensitivities of 0.0022 (mg/L)-1, while the devices with ox-SWCNH/SnO2/PVP = 2/1/1 have the lowest response time (15 s) and recovery time (50 s) for a room temperature operation, proving the key role of carbonic material in shaping the static and dynamic performance of the sensor. These response and recovery times are lower than those of "heated" commercial sensors. The sensing mechanism is explained in terms of the overall response of a p-type semiconductor, where ox-SWCNH percolated between electrodes of the sensor, shunting the heterojunctions made between n-type SnO2 or ZnO and p-type ox-SWCNH. The hard-soft acid-base (HSAB) principle supports this mechanism. The low power consumption of these devices, below 2 mW, and the sensing performances at room temperature may open new avenues towards ethanol sensors for passive samplers of environment monitoring, alcohol test portable instruments and wireless network sensors for Internet of Things applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornel Cobianu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies–IMT Bucharest, 126 A Erou Iancu Nicolae Str., 077190 Voluntari, Romania; (B.-C.S.); (N.D.); (O.B.); (V.A.); (C.P.); (B.B.)
- Science and Technology Section, Academy of Romanian Scientists, 3 Ilfov Str., Sector 5, 050045 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan-Catalin Serban
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies–IMT Bucharest, 126 A Erou Iancu Nicolae Str., 077190 Voluntari, Romania; (B.-C.S.); (N.D.); (O.B.); (V.A.); (C.P.); (B.B.)
| | - Niculae Dumbravescu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies–IMT Bucharest, 126 A Erou Iancu Nicolae Str., 077190 Voluntari, Romania; (B.-C.S.); (N.D.); (O.B.); (V.A.); (C.P.); (B.B.)
| | - Octavian Buiu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies–IMT Bucharest, 126 A Erou Iancu Nicolae Str., 077190 Voluntari, Romania; (B.-C.S.); (N.D.); (O.B.); (V.A.); (C.P.); (B.B.)
| | - Viorel Avramescu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies–IMT Bucharest, 126 A Erou Iancu Nicolae Str., 077190 Voluntari, Romania; (B.-C.S.); (N.D.); (O.B.); (V.A.); (C.P.); (B.B.)
| | - Cristina Pachiu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies–IMT Bucharest, 126 A Erou Iancu Nicolae Str., 077190 Voluntari, Romania; (B.-C.S.); (N.D.); (O.B.); (V.A.); (C.P.); (B.B.)
| | - Bogdan Bita
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies–IMT Bucharest, 126 A Erou Iancu Nicolae Str., 077190 Voluntari, Romania; (B.-C.S.); (N.D.); (O.B.); (V.A.); (C.P.); (B.B.)
| | - Marius Bumbac
- Sciences and Advanced Technologies Department, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Sinaia Alley, 130004 Targoviste, Romania;
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Science Technology, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Sinaia Alley, 130004 Targoviste, Romania;
| | - Cristina-Mihaela Nicolescu
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Science Technology, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Sinaia Alley, 130004 Targoviste, Romania;
| | - Cosmin Cobianu
- Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Information Technology Faculty, Valahia University of Targoviste, 13 Sinaia Alley, 130004 Targoviste, Romania;
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Serban BC, Buiu O, Cobianu C, Brezeanu M, Bumbac M, Nicolescu CM. Nanostructured Semiconducting Metal Oxides for Ammonia Sensors. A Novel HSAB Sensing Paradigm. Acta Chim Slov 2018. [DOI: 10.17344/acsi.2018.4564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Damaceanu MD, Mihaila M, Constantin CP, Chisca S, Serban BC, Diaconu C, Buiu O, Pavelescu EM, Kusko M. A new sensitizer containing dihexyloxy-substituted triphenylamine as donor and a binary conjugated spacer for dye-sensitized solar cells. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra07939j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new D–π–A dye based on dihexyloxy-substituted triphenylamine moiety has been synthesized and its preliminary performances in DSSCs are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mihai Mihaila
- Honeywell Romania
- Sensors and Wireless Laboratory
- 020339 Bucharest
- Romania
| | | | - Stefan Chisca
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry
- Iasi-700487
- Romania
| | | | - Cristian Diaconu
- Honeywell Romania
- Sensors and Wireless Laboratory
- 020339 Bucharest
- Romania
| | - Octavian Buiu
- Honeywell Romania
- Sensors and Wireless Laboratory
- 020339 Bucharest
- Romania
| | - Emil Mihai Pavelescu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies -IMT Bucharest
- Bucharest
- Romania
| | - Mihaela Kusko
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies -IMT Bucharest
- Bucharest
- Romania
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