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Dismuke-Greer C, Esmaeili A, Ozieh MN, Gujral K, Garcia C, Del Negro A, Davis B, Egede L. Racial/Ethnic and Geographic Disparities in Comorbid Traumatic Brain Injury-Renal Failure in US Veterans and Associated Veterans Affairs Resource Costs, 2000-2020. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2024; 11:652-668. [PMID: 36864369 PMCID: PMC10474245 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-023-01550-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Studies have identified disparities by race/ethnicity and geographic status among veterans with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and renal failure (RF). We examined the association of race/ethnicity and geographic status with RF onset in veterans with and without TBI, and the impact of disparities on Veterans Health Administration resource costs. METHODS Demographics by TBI and RF status were assessed. We estimated Cox proportional hazards models for progression to RF and generalized estimating equations for inpatient, outpatient, and pharmacy cost annually and time since TBI + RF diagnosis, stratified by age. RESULTS Among 596,189 veterans, veterans with TBI progressed faster to RF than those without TBI (HR 1.96). Non-Hispanic Black veterans (HR 1.41) and those in US territories (HR 1.71) progressed faster to RF relative to non-Hispanic Whites and those in urban mainland areas. Non-Hispanic Blacks (-$5,180), Hispanic/Latinos ($-4,984), and veterans in US territories (-$3,740) received fewer annual total VA resources. This was true for all Hispanic/Latinos, while only significant for non-Hispanic Black and US territory veterans < 65 years. For veterans with TBI + RF, higher total resource costs only occurred ≥ 10 years after TBI + RF diagnosis ($32,361), independent of age. Hispanic/Latino veterans ≥ 65 years received $8,248 less than non-Hispanic Whites and veterans living in US territories < 65 years received $37,514 less relative to urban veterans. CONCLUSION Concerted efforts to address RF progression in veterans with TBI, especially in non-Hispanic Blacks and those in US territories, are needed. Importantly, culturally appropriate interventions to improve access to care for these groups should be a priority of the Department of Veterans Affairs priority for these groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Dismuke-Greer
- Health Economics Resource Center (HERC), Ci2i, VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, 795 Willow Road, 152 MPD, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.
| | - Aryan Esmaeili
- Health Economics Resource Center (HERC), Ci2i, VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, 795 Willow Road, 152 MPD, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Mukoso N Ozieh
- Center for Advancing Population Science (CAPS), Division of Internal Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Clement J. Zablocki VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Kritee Gujral
- Health Economics Resource Center (HERC), Ci2i, VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, 795 Willow Road, 152 MPD, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Carla Garcia
- Health Economics Resource Center (HERC), Ci2i, VA Palo Alto Healthcare System, 795 Willow Road, 152 MPD, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | | | - Boyd Davis
- Department of English Emerita, College of Liberal Arts & Sciences, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Leonard Egede
- Center for Advancing Population Science (CAPS), Division of Internal Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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2
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Parker JL, Page A, Jacob O, Stanton V, Davis B, Flythe M, Adam EN. Equine fecal microbiota response to short term antibiotic administration. J Equine Vet Sci 2024; 133:104993. [PMID: 38171452 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2023.104993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Though generally safe, research continues to demonstrate negative side effects of antibiotic administration on the gastrointestinal (GIT) microbiota across species. In horses, antibiotic associated diarrhea (AAD) is a life-threatening condition linked to the GIT microbiota. This study tested the hypothesis that short term antibiotic administration to healthy horses would negatively impact the fecal microbiota as measured by their ability to digest nutrients and through fecal shedding of disease-associated-bacteria. Twenty-four horses were assigned to one of four treatment groups: control (CO); potassium penicillin/gentamicin sulfate (KPG); ceftiofur crystalline free acid (EX); trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (SMZ); and treated for 4 days. Fecal samples were collected before treatment began (S0), the day after treatment conclusion (S5), and at 10, 14, 21, and 28 days after initiating treatment. Horses had highly individualized responses to antibiotic administration. All horses receiving antibiotics experienced significantly softer stool compared to controls. Lactobacillus spp. were dramatically reduced in all antibiotic treated S5 samples. Horses receiving antibiotics were significantly more likely to test positive for C. difficile or C. perfringens on fecal qPCR. In conclusion, response to antibiotic administration displays high inter-individual variability, but shows changes to the functions of fecal microbiota that may depend on the antibiotic used.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Parker
- Department of Veterinary Science, Gluck Equine Research Center, College of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Kentucky, 1400 Nicholasville Rd., Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - A Page
- Department of Veterinary Science, Gluck Equine Research Center, College of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Kentucky, 1400 Nicholasville Rd., Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - O Jacob
- Department of Veterinary Science, Gluck Equine Research Center, College of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Kentucky, 1400 Nicholasville Rd., Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - V Stanton
- Department of Statistics, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, 725 Rose St., Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - B Davis
- Forage-Animal Production Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1100 Nicholasville Rd., Lexington, KY 40546, USA; Department of Animal & Food Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Kentucky, 325 Cooper Dr., Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - M Flythe
- Forage-Animal Production Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1100 Nicholasville Rd., Lexington, KY 40546, USA; Department of Animal & Food Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Kentucky, 325 Cooper Dr., Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - E N Adam
- Department of Veterinary Science, Gluck Equine Research Center, College of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Kentucky, 1400 Nicholasville Rd., Lexington, KY 40546, USA.
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3
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Traylor LB, Bhatia G, Blackhurst D, Wallenborn G, Ewing A, Bolton W, Davis B. Efficacy of incisional negative pressure therapy in preventing post-sternotomy wound complications. Am J Surg 2023; 226:762-767. [PMID: 37453803 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2023.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sternal wound infections represent a source of significant morbidity and mortality following median sternotomy. The use of incisional negative pressure wound therapy in prevention has yet to be elucidated. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted before and after a universal wound care protocol was implemented including the prophylactic use of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT). The primary endpoint was sternal infections within 90 days of the index operation. RESULTS In the control period, there was a 3.0% rate of sternal infection within 90 days compared to 0.8% in the intervention period (p < 0.001). An odds ratio of 0.25 (95% confidence interval 0.11, 0.57; p < 0.001) in the intervention period as compared to the control period was demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS The use of a standardized wound care protocol including the universal application of NPWT for patients undergoing cardiac surgery with median sternotomy was an independent predictor of decreased rates of sternal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- L B Traylor
- University of South Carolina School of Medicine Greenville, Greenville, SC, 29605, USA
| | - G Bhatia
- Prisma Health - Upstate, Greenville, SC, 29605, USA.
| | - D Blackhurst
- Prisma Health - Upstate, Greenville, SC, 29605, USA
| | - G Wallenborn
- Prisma Health - Upstate, Greenville, SC, 29605, USA
| | - A Ewing
- Prisma Health - Upstate, Greenville, SC, 29605, USA
| | - W Bolton
- Prisma Health - Upstate, Greenville, SC, 29605, USA
| | - B Davis
- Prisma Health - Upstate, Greenville, SC, 29605, USA
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4
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Honcoop A, Roberts JR, Davis B, Pope C, Dawley E, McCulloh RJ, Garza MY, Greer ML, Snowden J, Fu LY, Young H, Dehority W, Enlow PT, Watts DJ, Queen K, Costello LM, Alamarat Z, Darden PM. COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Parents: A Qualitative Study. Pediatrics 2023; 152:e2023062466. [PMID: 37867449 PMCID: PMC10598621 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2023-062466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Addressing parental/caregivers' coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine hesitancy is critical to improving vaccine uptake in children. Common concerns have been previously reported through online surveys, but qualitative data from KII and focus groups may add much-needed context. Our objective was to examine factors impacting pediatric COVID-19 vaccine decision-making in Black, Spanish-speaking, and rural white parents/caregivers to inform the content design of a mobile application to improve pediatric COVID-19 vaccine uptake. METHODS Parents/caregivers of children aged 2 to 17 years from groups disproportionately affected by COVID-19-related vaccine hesitancy (rural-dwelling persons of any race/ethnicity, urban Black persons, and Spanish-speaking persons) were included on the basis of their self-reported vaccine hesitancy and stratified by race/ethnicity. Those expressing vaccine acceptance or refusal participated in KII, and those expressing hesitancy in focus groups. Deidentified transcripts underwent discourse analysis and thematic analysis, both individually and as a collection. Themes were revised until coders reached consensus. RESULTS Overall, 36 participants completed the study: 4 vaccine acceptors and 4 refusers via KIIs, and the remaining 28 participated in focus groups. Participants from all focus groups expressed that they would listen to their doctor for information about COVID-19 vaccines. Infertility was a common concern, along with general concerns about vaccines. Vaccine decision-making was informed by the amount of information available to parents/caregivers, including scientific research; possible positive and negative long-term effects; and potential impacts of vaccination on preexisting medical conditions. CONCLUSIONS Parents/caregivers report numerous addressable vaccine concerns. Our results will inform specific, targeted interventions for improving COVID-19 vaccine confidence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James R. Roberts
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Boyd Davis
- University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Charlene Pope
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Erin Dawley
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | | | - Maryam Y. Garza
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Melody L. Greer
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Jessica Snowden
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Linda Y. Fu
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Heather Young
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Walter Dehority
- University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | | | - Delma-Jean Watts
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Katie Queen
- Our Lady of the Lake Children’s Health, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Lisa M. Costello
- West Virginia University Health Science Center, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Zain Alamarat
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Paul M. Darden
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
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5
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Tavana S, Davis B, Canali I, Scott K, Leong JJH, Freedman BA, Newell N. A novel tool to quantify in vivo lumbar spine kinematics and 3D intervertebral disc strains using clinical MRI. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 140:105730. [PMID: 36801782 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Medical imaging modalities that calculate tissue morphology alone cannot provide direct information regarding the mechanical behaviour of load-bearing musculoskeletal organs. Accurate in vivo measurement of spine kinematics and intervertebral disc (IVD) strains can provide important information regarding the mechanical behaviour of the spine, help to investigate the effects of injuries on the mechanics of the spine, and assess the effectiveness of treatments. Additionally, strains can serve as a functional biomechanical marker for detecting normal and pathologic tissues. We hypothesised that combining digital volume correlation (DVC) with 3T clinical MRI can provide direct information regarding the mechanics of the spine. Here, we have developed a novel non-invasive tool for in vivo displacement and strain measurement within the human lumbar spine and we used this tool to calculate lumbar kinematics and IVD strains in six healthy subjects during lumbar extension. The proposed tool enabled spine kinematics and IVD strains to be measured with errors that did not exceed 0.17 mm and 0.5%, respectively. The findings of the kinematics study identified that during extension the lumbar spine of healthy subjects experiences total 3D translations ranging from 1 mm to 4.5 mm for different vertebral levels. The findings of strain analysis identified that the average of the maximum tensile, compressive, and shear strains for different lumbar levels during extension ranged from 3.5% to 7.2%. This tool can provide base-line data that can be used to describe the mechanical environment of healthy lumbar spine, which can help clinicians manage preventative treatments, define patient-specific treatments, and to monitor the effectiveness of surgical and non-surgical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tavana
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - B Davis
- Fortius Clinic, Fitzhardinge Street, London, UK
| | - I Canali
- Fortius Clinic, Fitzhardinge Street, London, UK
| | - K Scott
- Fortius Clinic, Fitzhardinge Street, London, UK
| | - J J H Leong
- Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, UK; UCL Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, London, UK
| | | | - N Newell
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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6
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Ortega AJ, Bashashati M, Robles A, Davis B, Sarosiek I, Elhanafi S, McCallum R. EndoFLIP and Interstitial Cells of Cajal in Refractory Gastroparesis. Am J Med Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9629(23)00561-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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7
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Chandler GA, Ruiz CL, Cooper GW, Torres JA, Mangan MA, Whitlow GM, Ampleford DJ, Jones MC, Buckles RA, Moy KJ, Garza I, Staska M, Wolverton A, Davis B. Neutron time-of-flight detectors (nTOF) used at Sandia's Z-Machine. Rev Sci Instrum 2022; 93:113531. [PMID: 36461459 DOI: 10.1063/5.0101544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Neutron time-of-flight (nTOF) detectors have been used on Sandia National Laboratories' Z-Machine for inertial confinement fusion and magnetized liner fusion experiments to infer physics parameters including the apparent fuel-ion temperature, neutron yield, the magnetic-radius product (BR), and the liner rho-r. Single-paddle, dual-paddle, and co-axial scintillation nTOF detectors are used in axial lines-of-sight (LOS) and LOS that are 12° from the midplane. Detector fabrication, characterization, and calibration are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Chandler
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123, USA
| | - C L Ruiz
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123, USA
| | - G W Cooper
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - J A Torres
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123, USA
| | - M A Mangan
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123, USA
| | - G M Whitlow
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123, USA
| | - D J Ampleford
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123, USA
| | - M C Jones
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123, USA
| | - R A Buckles
- National Nuclear Security Site, Las Vegas Operations, Las Vegas, Nevada 89030, USA
| | - K J Moy
- National Nuclear Security Site, Special Technologies Laboratory, Santa Barbara, California 93111, USA
| | - I Garza
- National Nuclear Security Site, Las Vegas Operations, Las Vegas, Nevada 89030, USA
| | - M Staska
- National Nuclear Security Site, Special Technologies Laboratory, Santa Barbara, California 93111, USA
| | - A Wolverton
- National Nuclear Security Site, Las Vegas Operations, Las Vegas, Nevada 89030, USA
| | - B Davis
- National Nuclear Security Site, Las Vegas Operations, Las Vegas, Nevada 89030, USA
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8
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Solomon G, Suzuki S, Hathorne H, Barilla C, Wang B, Rab A, Manfredi C, Joshi D, Brewington J, Stecenko A, Driggers W, Bai S, Hunter E, Streby A, Hong J, Odem-Davis K, Davis B, Sorscher E, Linnemann R. 606 Focused clinical trials of modulator response for rare cystic fibrosis genotypes. J Cyst Fibros 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(22)01296-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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9
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V. Goya CA, Chung T, Davis B. Efficacy of Metabolic Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Acad Nutr Diet 2022. [PMCID: PMC9484795 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2022.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Barilla C, Suzuki S, Rab A, Sorscher E, Davis B. 632 Evaluation of gene insertion strategies for restoration of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator expression in airway epithelium. J Cyst Fibros 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(22)01322-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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11
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Suzuki S, Barilla C, Doddipalli S, Acosta Sandoval N, Hassan D, Rab A, Sorscher E, Chen J, Davis B, Huang S. 599 iPSC-derived airway basal cells that exhibit increased competence for multipotent differentiation. J Cyst Fibros 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(22)01289-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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12
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Davis B, Allauddin T. Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia: A Unique Case and Literature Review. Cureus 2022; 14:e25793. [PMID: 35706440 PMCID: PMC9187161 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.25793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pneumonia is one of the most common pathologies seen in the inpatient setting. The rapid response to treat febrile patients with infiltrates on chest x-ray has reduced hospital length of stay and hospital costs. However, the automatic reaction to treat all infiltrates and opacities seen on a chest x-ray as pneumonia can be costly. This report presents the case of a patient suspected initially of having pneumonia, who was unresponsive to broad-spectrum antibiotics. A 58-year-old woman presented with dyspnea on exertion and a nonproductive cough. Her chest x-ray showed dense right-sided coalescent opacities encompassing the entirety of the right lung. Flexible bronchoscopy biopsy specimens revealed the cause to be cryptogenic organizing pneumonia. This case highlights the diverse set of pulmonary pathologies that can mimic pneumonia and should be suspected in cases of antibiotic-resistant suspected pneumonia patients.
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13
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Dismuke-Greer CE, Esmaeili A, Karmarkar AM, Davis B, Garcia C, Pugh MJ, Yaffe K. Economic impact of comorbid TBI-dementia on VA facility and non-VA facility costs, 2000-2020. Brain Inj 2022; 36:673-682. [PMID: 35099349 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2022.2034045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is evidence Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is associated with increased risk of dementia (D). We compared VA and non-VA facility costs associated with TBI+D and each diagnosis alone, relative to neither diagnosis, annually and over time, 2000-2020. METHODS We estimated adjusted panel models of annual VHA costs in VA and non-VA facilities, stratified by age, and by TBI-dementia status. We also estimated cost for the TBI+D cohort by time since TBI and dementia diagnoses. All costs were 2021 inflation adjusted. RESULTS Veterans <65 ($30,736) and ≥65 ($15,650) with TBI+D, while veterans <65 ($3,379) and ≥65 ($4,252) with TBI-only had higher annual total VHA costs, relative to neither diagnosis. Veterans with TBI+D < 65 ($42,864) and ≥65 ($72,424) had higher costs in years≥15 after TBI diagnosis, while <65 ($36,431) and ≥65 ($37,589) had higher costs in years ≥10 after dementia diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS The main cost driver was inpatient non-VA facility costs. Veterans had continuously increasing inpatient care costs in non-VA facilities over time since their TBI and dementia diagnoses. Given budget constraints on the VA system, quality of care in non-VA facilities warrants comparison with VA facilities to make informed decisions regarding referrals to non-VA facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara E Dismuke-Greer
- Health Economics Resource Center (HERC), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, California, USA
| | - Aryan Esmaeili
- Health Economics Resource Center (HERC), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, California, USA
| | - Amol M Karmarkar
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Virginia Commonwealth University, Sheltering Arms Institute, and Central Virginia Veterans Healthcare System, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Boyd Davis
- Department of English, College of Liberal Arts & Sciences, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
| | - Carla Garcia
- Health Economics Resource Center (HERC), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, California, USA
| | - Mary Jo Pugh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Epidemiology, School Medicine, University of Utah, and Salt Lake City Veterans Healthcare System, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Kristine Yaffe
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco VA Healthcare System, and San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA
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14
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Charles Sifford M, Dailey R, Reif R, Hutchison M, Mason C, Kimbrough K, Davis B, Bhavaraju A, Jensen HK, Robertson R, Taylor J, Beck W, Sexton K. CDC field triage criteria accurately predicts outcomes in high impact trauma. J Inj Violence Res 2022; 14:115-124. [PMID: 35137693 PMCID: PMC9115808 DOI: 10.5249/jivr.v14i1.1650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The precision of emergency medical services (EMS) triage criteria dictates whether an injured patient receives appropriate care. The trauma triage protocol is a decision scheme that groups patients into triage categories of major, moderate and minor. We hypothesized that there is a difference between trauma triage category and injury severity score (ISS). METHODS This retrospective, observational study was conducted to investigate a difference between trauma triage category and ISS. Bivariate analysis was used to test for differences between the subgroup means. The differences between the group means on each measure were analyzed for direction and statistical significance using ANOVA for continuous variables and chi square tests for categorical variables. Logistic and linear regressions were performed to evaluate factors predicting mortality, ICU length of stay. RESULTS With respect to trauma triage category, our findings indicate that minor and moderate triage categories are similar with respect to ISS, GCS, ICU LOS, hospital LOS, and mortality. However, after excluding for low impact injuries (falls), differences between the minor and moderate categories were evident when comparing to ISS, GCS, ICU LOS, and hospital LOS. Additionally, after excluding for low impact injures, ISS, ICU LOS, and hospital stay were found to correlate well with trauma triage category. CONCLUSIONS In this retrospective, observational study significant differences were not seen when comparing ISS with the trauma triage categories of moderate and minor during our initial analysis. However, a difference was found after excluding for low impact injuries. These findings suggest that CDC criteria accurately predicts outcomes in high impact trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mason Charles Sifford
- a Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
| | - R. Dailey
- a Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
| | - R. Reif
- a Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
| | - M. Hutchison
- b Metropolitan Emergency Medical Services, Little Rock, AR, USA.
| | - C. Mason
- b Metropolitan Emergency Medical Services, Little Rock, AR, USA.
| | - K. Kimbrough
- a Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
| | - B. Davis
- a Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
| | - A. Bhavaraju
- a Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
| | - H. K Jensen
- a Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
| | - R. Robertson
- a Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
| | - J. Taylor
- a Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
| | - W.C. Beck
- a Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
| | - Kevin Sexton
- a Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
,
Kevin W. Sexton: MD, Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), Little Rock, AR 72205. Tel: 501-686-7000; (Sexton KW.). https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1460-9867
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15
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Troutman-Jordan M, Davis B. Interdisciplinary Innovations Utilizing Pet Robots to Meet Research, Education, and Care Needs. Innov Aging 2021. [PMCID: PMC8682328 DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igab046.3502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies of the impact of robotic companion pets are proliferating, authored by several disciplines, each with different concerns. Roboticists focus on technology design and artificial emotional intelligence as opposed to general preferences for soft, furry, interactive animals. Others worry that as people interact with potentially deceptive technology, they may think the pet is alive. While aware of these serious concerns, gerontologists have focused on how lonely older persons without cognitive impairment respond to social ‘helper’ robots. More recent studies emphasize the possible impact of animatronic pets on persons with dementia (PWD). Therapeutic benefits of these pets are just being established. Our current pilot study is timely in that it now involves semi-structured interviews with formal/ informal caregivers of PWD who have been given a robot pet. We are eliciting perceptions, opinions, and observations of the PWD’s response to robotic pets. We recruited 8 gerontology students as much-needed assistants for a research-driven topics course to afford them field exposure to PWD, caregivers, and direct research experience. Because students seldom have experience either with robotic pets or PWD, they read selected articles and received training/practice in semi-structured interviewing techniques. Students next conducted interviews with caregivers of PWD who have interacted with the pets. All interviews are audio-recorded, transcribed and deposited in the Carolinas Conversations Collection. Content and thematic analysis of transcriptions, student activity logs and bi-weekly reflective discussions will inform next steps in intervention research, testing therapeutic outcomes such as agitation reduction by pet robots for PWD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Boyd Davis
- UNC Charlotte, Charleston SC, South Carolina, United States
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Barillà C, Suzuki S, Rab A, Wang B, Hong J, Driggers W, Streby A, Feldman R, Linnemann R, Solomon G, Stecenko A, Sorscher E, Davis B. 667: Development of an iPSC-based airway epithelial platform for evaluating patient-specific responses to modulators. J Cyst Fibros 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(21)02090-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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17
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Linnemann R, Solomon G, Streby A, Rab A, Driggers W, Slaten K, Hathorne H, Hong J, Suzuki S, Wang B, Barillà C, Stecenko A, Davis B, Sorscher E. 572: Clinical and iPSC-derived airway epithelial responses to elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor in CF patients without an approved modulator. J Cyst Fibros 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(21)01995-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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18
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Kuruvilla M, Syed I, Gwadry-Sridhar F, Sachdeva R, Pencz A, Zhan L, Hueniken K, Patel D, Balaratnam K, Khan K, Grant B, Sheffield B, Noy S, Singh K, Liu L, Ralibuz-Zaman M, Davis B, Moldaver D, Shanahan M, Cheema P. 1152P Real-world outcomes in resected stage IB-IIIA EGFR mutated NSCLC in Canada: Analysis from the POTENT study. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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DeWees T, Abraha F, Corbin K, Brown P, Hallemeier C, Davis B, Petersen I, Martenson J, Ahmed S, Olivier K, Vern-Gross T, Rule W, Wong W, Vora S, Patel S, Ashman J, Schild S, Trifiletti D, Vargas C, Ma D. PO-1498 Clinical Sensitivity of PROMIS-10 Physical and Mental Quality of Life Domains to Radiation Therapy. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)07949-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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20
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Rasch L, Boers M, Lems W, van Schaardenburg D, Proudman S, Hill CL, Duarte C, Kuriya B, Davis B, Hoogland W, Voshaar M, van Tuyl L. Patient perspective on remission in rheumatoid arthritis: Validation of patient reported outcome instruments to measure absence of disease activity. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2021; 51:1360-1369. [PMID: 34538513 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2021.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients have identified pain, fatigue and independence as the most important domains that need to be improved to define remission in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study identified and validated instruments for these domains and evaluated their added value to the ACR/EULAR Boolean remission definition. METHODS Patients with a 28-joint Disease Activity Score (DAS28) ≤3.2 or in self-perceived remission (declaring their disease activity 'as good as gone') from the Netherlands, Portugal, Australia, and Canada, were assessed at 0, 3 and 6 months for patient-reported outcomes and the WHO-ILAR RA core set. Instrument validity was evaluated cross-sectionally, longitudinally and for the ability to predict future good outcome in terms of physical functioning. Logistic regression quantified the added value to Boolean remission. RESULTS Of 246 patients, 152 were also assessed at 3, and 142 at 6 months. Most instruments demonstrated construct validity and discriminative capacity. Pain and fatigue were best captured by a simple numerical rating scale (NRS). Measurement of independence proved more complex, but a newly developed independence NRS was preferred. NRS for pain, fatigue and independence, in addition to or instead of patient global assessment did not add enough information to justify modification of the current Boolean definition of remission in RA. CONCLUSION Key elements of the patient perspective on remission in RA can be captured by NRS pain, fatigue, and independence. Although this study did not find conclusive evidence to improve the current definition of remission in RA, the information from these instruments adds value to the physician's assessment of remission and further bridges the gap between physician and patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Rasch
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and immunology Center, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - M Boers
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and immunology Center, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - W Lems
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and immunology Center, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Amsterdam Rheumatology and immunology Center, Reade, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - D van Schaardenburg
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and immunology Center, Reade, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Amsterdam Rheumatology and immunology Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - S Proudman
- Rheumatology Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, and Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - C L Hill
- Rheumatology Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, and Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Rheumatology Unit, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - C Duarte
- Department of Rheumatology, Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; iCBR-Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - B Kuriya
- Division of Rheumatology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | | | | | - M Voshaar
- Patient Research Partner; Department of Pharmacy, Sint Maartenskliniek, Netherlands; Department of Pharmacy, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
| | - L van Tuyl
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and immunology Center, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, Utrecht, Netherlands.
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Molina-Vicenty IL, Borrás-Fernandez IC, Pope C, Davis B, Alemán-Del Toro M, Maldonado-Sánchez I, Arroyo L, Jovet-Toledo G, Dismuke CE, Roque A, Díaz Y, Resto M, Rincones A, Soler-Llompart C, Acevedo ND, Betances-Arroyo GS. Enhancing Language Access: A Pilot Study to Examine the Importance of Understanding the Language Preference and Acculturalization Level in the Provision of Healthcare for Hispanics Veterans With Traumatic Brain Injury. Mil Med 2021; 186:572-578. [PMID: 33499539 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usaa256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this pilot study was to obtain preliminary data to culturally adapt the Veteran Health Administration Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) assessment instruments for the Hispanic Veteran population. A qualitative analysis explored the cognitive processes used by Hispanic Veterans whose preferred language was Spanish to understand a specific set of screening questions within the Initial TBI Screening, the Comprehensive TBI Evaluation, the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory (NSI), and the La Trobe Communication Questionnaire (LTCQ). MATERIALS AND METHODS A certified translator completed translation of the TBI instruments, an expert panel resolved inadequate expressions of the translations, and translated instruments were back translated. Male and female Hispanic Veterans with a positive TBI screening underwent a recorded administration of the TBI instruments, including LTCQ, followed by systematic debriefing using semi-structured cognitive interviews which then underwent qualitative analysis. The Marin's Short Acculturation Scale for Hispanics, the Tropp's Psychological Acculturation Scale, the English-Language Proficiency Test Series, and the TBI Demographic and Language Preference interview were administered to the subjects. RESULTS Fifteen subjects were enrolled for the TBI instruments intervention; 11 of them completed all the additional procedures. The TBI instruments intervention seemed to produce very few variations, indicating adequate cultural equivalence. However, the LTCQ instrument showed suggested cultural variations, but did not suggest a lack of understanding or misinterpretation. The population studied displayed preferential connectedness to the Hispanic/Latino culture and to the Spanish language. The LTCQ indicated that subjects perceived themselves as having a worse execution in terms of communication skills than historical control and TBI groups. English-Language Proficiency Test Series found that most of the subject population did not demonstrate mastery of grade-appropriate basic social and academic vocabulary in English. CONCLUSION Current findings highlight the importance of using linguistically and culturally appropriate materials upon evaluating Hispanic Veterans with a suspected TBI who have Spanish as their primary or preferred language.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irma L Molina-Vicenty
- ACOS/Research and Development Service, Nuclear Medicine & Molecular Imaging Service, Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Service, Audiology and Speech Pathology Service, and Psychiatry Service, VA Caribbean Healthcare System, San Juan, PR 00921, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, San Juan, PR 00931, USA.,Radiological Sciences Department, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR 00921, USA
| | - Isabel C Borrás-Fernandez
- ACOS/Research and Development Service, Nuclear Medicine & Molecular Imaging Service, Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Service, Audiology and Speech Pathology Service, and Psychiatry Service, VA Caribbean Healthcare System, San Juan, PR 00921, USA
| | - Charlene Pope
- Charleston Health Equity and Rural Outreach Innovation Center, Nursing and Patient Care Services, Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29401, USA
| | - Boyd Davis
- Charleston Health Equity and Rural Outreach Innovation Center, Nursing and Patient Care Services, Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29401, USA
| | - Martha Alemán-Del Toro
- ACOS/Research and Development Service, Nuclear Medicine & Molecular Imaging Service, Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Service, Audiology and Speech Pathology Service, and Psychiatry Service, VA Caribbean Healthcare System, San Juan, PR 00921, USA
| | - Irma Maldonado-Sánchez
- ACOS/Research and Development Service, Nuclear Medicine & Molecular Imaging Service, Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Service, Audiology and Speech Pathology Service, and Psychiatry Service, VA Caribbean Healthcare System, San Juan, PR 00921, USA
| | - Lillian Arroyo
- ACOS/Research and Development Service, Nuclear Medicine & Molecular Imaging Service, Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Service, Audiology and Speech Pathology Service, and Psychiatry Service, VA Caribbean Healthcare System, San Juan, PR 00921, USA
| | - Gerardo Jovet-Toledo
- ACOS/Research and Development Service, Nuclear Medicine & Molecular Imaging Service, Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Service, Audiology and Speech Pathology Service, and Psychiatry Service, VA Caribbean Healthcare System, San Juan, PR 00921, USA
| | - Clara E Dismuke
- Charleston Health Equity and Rural Outreach Innovation Center, Nursing and Patient Care Services, Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29401, USA
| | - Alexandra Roque
- ACOS/Research and Development Service, Nuclear Medicine & Molecular Imaging Service, Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Service, Audiology and Speech Pathology Service, and Psychiatry Service, VA Caribbean Healthcare System, San Juan, PR 00921, USA
| | - Yahaira Díaz
- ACOS/Research and Development Service, Nuclear Medicine & Molecular Imaging Service, Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Service, Audiology and Speech Pathology Service, and Psychiatry Service, VA Caribbean Healthcare System, San Juan, PR 00921, USA
| | - Milagros Resto
- Charleston Health Equity and Rural Outreach Innovation Center, Nursing and Patient Care Services, Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29401, USA
| | - Alexandra Rincones
- ACOS/Research and Development Service, Nuclear Medicine & Molecular Imaging Service, Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Service, Audiology and Speech Pathology Service, and Psychiatry Service, VA Caribbean Healthcare System, San Juan, PR 00921, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, San Juan Bautista School of Medicine, Caguas, PR 00725, USA
| | - Cecilia Soler-Llompart
- ACOS/Research and Development Service, Nuclear Medicine & Molecular Imaging Service, Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Service, Audiology and Speech Pathology Service, and Psychiatry Service, VA Caribbean Healthcare System, San Juan, PR 00921, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, San Juan, PR 00931, USA
| | - Neishaliz-Díaz Acevedo
- ACOS/Research and Development Service, Nuclear Medicine & Molecular Imaging Service, Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Service, Audiology and Speech Pathology Service, and Psychiatry Service, VA Caribbean Healthcare System, San Juan, PR 00921, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, San Juan, PR 00931, USA
| | - Gabriela S Betances-Arroyo
- ACOS/Research and Development Service, Nuclear Medicine & Molecular Imaging Service, Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Service, Audiology and Speech Pathology Service, and Psychiatry Service, VA Caribbean Healthcare System, San Juan, PR 00921, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, San Juan, PR 00931, USA
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22
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Mann S, Phupitakphol T, Davis B, Newman S, Suarez JA, Henao-Martínez A, Franco-Paredes C. Case Report: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis due to Leishmania (Viannia) panamensis in Two Travelers Successfully Treated with Miltefosine. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2020; 103:1081-1084. [PMID: 32314693 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We present two cases of Leishmania (V) panamensis in returning travelers from Central America successfully treated with miltefosine. The couple presented with ulcerative skin lesions nonresponsive to antibiotics. Skin biopsy with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revealed L. (V) panamensis. To prevent the development of mucosal disease and avoid the inconvenience of parental therapy, we treated both patients with oral miltefosine. We suggest that miltefosine represents an important therapeutic alternative in the treatment of cutaneous lesions caused by L. panamensis and in preventing mucosal involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mann
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - T Phupitakphol
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - B Davis
- Division of Pathology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - S Newman
- Division of Dermatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - J A Suarez
- Gorgas Memorial Institute of Tropical Medicine, Panamá City, Panamá
| | - A Henao-Martínez
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - C Franco-Paredes
- Hospital Infantil de México, Federico Gómez, México City, México.,Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
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23
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Lee OE, Davis B. Adapting 'Sunshine,' A Socially Assistive Chat Robot for Older Adults with Cognitive Impairment: A Pilot Study. J Gerontol Soc Work 2020; 63:696-698. [PMID: 32635827 DOI: 10.1080/01634372.2020.1789256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Boyd Davis
- The University of North Carolina , Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
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Davis B, Creed K, Keshvnani C, Blueitt D, Garrison C. A-13 Return-to-Learn: Academic Accommodations for Concussion Recovery. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acaa036.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
To evaluate academic accommodations offered to student athletes following a concussive injury.
Method
Participants were identified during regularly scheduled visits to the participating fellowship-trained, board-certified primary care sports medicine physician (D.B.). A total of 127 participants (mean ± SD age, 14.8 ± 1.5 years [range, 12–18 years]) diagnosed with a concussion from December 2018 to October 2019 were surveyed. The participants were provided a questionnaire in which the following information was collected: age at injury, date of injury, locations of treatment, cognitive symptoms experienced, academic accommodations received, implementation of accommodation by educators, and school related problems.
Results
Cognitive symptoms were reported by 117 (92.1%) participants with trouble concentrating (81.2%), and feeling “slow” (78.7%) being the most common. Participants treated at the participating, sports-medicine concussion center had the highest rate of receiving academic accommodations (95.3%), while those also treated at an emergency or acute care center, primary care physician, or pediatrician’s office had significantly lower rates (<5%). Participants reported their accommodations as helpful (94.5%), with extra time (88.2%), and ability to take breaks (80.3%) having the highest frequency of recommendation. While symptomatic, 110 (86.6%) participants reported having difficulty completing school work and tests, 58 (45.7%) reported experiencing anxiety about completing their school work, and 55 (43.3%) reported a decline in their grades.
Conclusions
These data display the high frequency of cognitive symptoms and hindered academic performance associated with concussion recovery. The implementation of academic accommodations was demonstrated to be beneficial; however, not all medical centers are providing accommodations.
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Abstract
This study examines the benefits of introducing autoethnographic writing as part of an ageism intervention to familiarize students with the life course. In this mixed-methods study, 186 graduate and undergraduate students conducted interviews with a grandparent or older adult and subsequently assumed the identity of the grandparent to write introductions of themselves as if they were that grandparent, using "I" statements in an online discussion forum. Most assumed grandparents were women (78.0%), and White (63.8%) with an average age of 77.3 (SD = 12.3). Emerging themes were categorized into three levels: structural, familial, and individual. The number of times a certain theme was mentioned was counted and major themes were analyzed. Findings indicated how autoethnographic reflections can promote student examination of self-awareness, cultural heritages, and personal growth. This technique is encouraging as an educational ageism intervention and warrants further adaptation and testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Othelia E Lee
- 14727 School of Social Work, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, USA
| | - Laneshia Conner
- 5164 School of Social Work, Spalding University, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Boyd Davis
- 14727 School of Social Work, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, USA
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Gangar V, Curiale MS, Lindberg K, Gambrel-Lenarz S, Adamson E, Barbari W, Brodsky M, Blackwell G, Bryce J, Cook P, Davis B, Deabel J, D’Onorio A, Follmi-Lieder E, Franklin J, Gambrel-Lenarz S, Horne S, James-Davis L, Lindgren S, McIntyre D, Moore J, Moorman M, Puccini M, Pulusani S, Sass A, Saunders L, Schop R, Sigua CA, Sinclair P, Story R, Westmoreland R, Windsor S, Witt JL. Dry Rehydratable Film Method for Enumerating Confirmed Escherichia coli in Poultry, Meats, and Seafood: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/82.1.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A rehydratable dry-film plating method for Escherichia coli, the Petrifilm E. coli/Coliform (EC) Count Plate in foods, has been compared with the AOAC INTERNATIONAL most probable number (MPN) method. Eleven laboratories participated in the collaborative study. Three E. coli levels in 8 samples each of frozen raw ground turkey, frozen raw ground beef, and frozen cooked fish were tested in duplicate. Mean log counts for the Petri film plate procedure were not significantly different from those for the MPN procedure for cooked fish samples inoculated with low or high inocula levels, for samples of raw turkey inoculated at medium level, and for beef inoculated at low, medium, and high levels. Repeatability and reproducibility vari ances of the Petrifilm EC Plate method recorded at 24 h were as good as or better than those of the MPN method. The dry rehydratable film method for enumerating confirmed E. coli in poultry, meats, and seafood has been adopted first action by AOAC INTERNATIONAL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidhya Gangar
- Silliker Laboratories Group, Inc., Corporate Research Center, 160 Armory Dr, South Holland, IL 60473
| | - Michael S Curiale
- Silliker Laboratories Group, Inc., Corporate Research Center, 160 Armory Dr, South Holland, IL 60473
| | - Kathryn Lindberg
- 3M Microbiology Products, 3M Center, Building 260-6B-01, St. Paul, MN 55144-1000
| | - Sonya Gambrel-Lenarz
- 3M Microbiology Products, 3M Center, Building 260-6B-01, St. Paul, MN 55144-1000
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VanRavenstein K, Brotherton S, Davis B. Investigating the Feasibility of Using Telemedicine to Deliver a Fall Prevention Program: A Pilot Study. J Allied Health 2020; 49:221-227. [PMID: 32877481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
AIM This pilot study was designed to examine the feasibility of using telemedicine to deliver a fall prevention program, a modified Otago exercise program, to low-income older adults living independently in affordable housing apartments. METHODS A mixed-methods feasibility study. Participants were divided into two groups: one group participated in a 12-week modified Otago fall prevention program via telehealth, while the other group participated in the program with an on-site instructor. Performance-based measures of physical function and self-report measures for self-efficacy for exercise and social connectedness were collected pre- and post-intervention and 1 year later. RESULTS All participants completed the 12-week intervention and expressed satisfaction with both the telehealth program and the on-site instructor-led program. There were no major differences in performance or self-report measures between the two groups, showing that telehealth-delivered applications can be effective. Participants in the on-site instructor-led group performed slightly better on performance-based measures, while those in the telehealth group scored higher on self-report measures of self-efficacy and social network scales. CONCLUSION A telehealth-delivered exercise program that includes strength and balance exercises and walking was feasible to conduct with a small group of low-income older adults living in a community-based apartment complex. Recruitment and retention of participants for the study was successful, and participants expressed satisfaction with the intervention whether conducted in-person or via telehealth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy VanRavenstein
- College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, 99 Jonathan Lucas St., Charleston, SC 29425, USA. Tel 843-792-3054.
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Meier S, Davis B, Yu C, Yung G, Kritharides L, Naoum C. 330 Echocardiographic Parameters Predictive of a Positive 99mTc-PYP Scan in Patients with Suspected Cardiac ATTR-Amyloidosis. Heart Lung Circ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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29
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Lawrence JF, Niedzwiadek B, Menard C, Rojas de Astudillo L, Biré R, Burdaspal PA, Ceredi A, Davis B, Dias E, Eaglesham G, Franca S, Gallacher S, Graham D, Hald B, Heinze L, Hellwig E, Jonker KM, Kapp K, Krys S, Kurz K, Lacaze JP, Gago Martinez A, McNabb P, Ménard C, Milandri A, Nsengiyumva C, Pereira P, Pineiro N, Poletti R, Riddell G, Selwood A, Stern A, Tiebach R, van den Top H, Wezenbeek P, Yen IC. Quantitative Determination of Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning Toxins in Shellfish Using Prechromatographic Oxidation and Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/88.6.1714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A collaborative study was conducted for the determination of paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxins in shellfish. The method used liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection after prechromatographic oxidation of the toxins with hydrogen peroxide and periodate. The PSP toxins studied were saxitoxin (STX), neosaxitoxin (NEO), gonyautoxins 2 and 3 (GTX2,3; together), gonyautoxins 1 and 4 (GTX1,4; together), decarbamoyl saxitoxin (dcSTX), B-1 (GTX5), C-1 and C-2 (C1,2; together), and C-3 and C-4 (C3,4; together). B-2 (GTX6) toxin was also included, but for qualitative identification only. Mussels, both blank and naturally contaminated, were mixed and homogenized to provide a variety of PSP toxin mixtures and concentration levels. The same procedure was followed with clams, oysters, and scallops. Twenty-one test samples in total were sent to 21 collaborators who agreed to participate in the study. Results were obtained from 18 laboratories representing 14 different countries. It is recommended that the method be adopted First Action by AOAC INTERNATIONAL.
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Affiliation(s)
- James F Lawrence
- Health Canada, Food Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Food Directorate, Banting Research Centre 2203D, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0L2, Canada
| | - Barbara Niedzwiadek
- Health Canada, Food Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Food Directorate, Banting Research Centre 2203D, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0L2, Canada
| | - Cathie Menard
- Health Canada, Food Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Food Directorate, Banting Research Centre 2203D, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0L2, Canada
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Silbernagel KM, Lindberg KG, Ary M, Bannach B, Barbour M, Battista K, Bauten H, Beatty S, Bogar S, Buczek L, Bulthau M, Burnett T, Carver C, Cha K, Cooper L, D’Andrea L, Davis B, Fain A, Feiler B, Fender M, Hirt W, Iannucci M, Jackson JK, Jensen D, Johnson K, Julien-Davis G, Kempf A, Krone P, Kusch S, LaPointe A, Leiva BR, Lewandowski V, Lewis J, Maycock L, Mebs D, McCann T, Moulsoff M, Newcomer C, Ooya M, O’Shea P, Otten N, Reed J, Remes A, Resutek J, Rukamp B, Rukamp S, Saito A, Shafie A, Smith A, Tabatt J, Tanaka H, Torrance H, VandeVoort M, Wang D, Windsor S, Xiong Y, Zebchuck A. Petrifilm™ Rapid S. aureus Count Plate Method for Rapid Enumeration of Staphylococcus aureus in Selected Foods: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/84.5.1431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A rehydratable dry-film plating method for Staphylococcus aureusin foods, the 3M™ Petrifilm™ Rapid S. aureus Count Plate method, was compared with AOAC® Official MethodSM 975.55 (Staphylococcus aureus in Foods). Nine foods—instant nonfat dried milk, dry seasoned vegetable coating, frozen hash browns, frozen cooked chicken patty, frozen ground raw pork, shredded cheddar cheese, fresh green beans, pasta filled with beef and cheese, and egg custard—were analyzed for S. aureus by 13 collaborating laboratories. For each food tested, the collaborators received 8 blind test samples consisting of a control sample and 3 levels of inoculated test sample, each in duplicate. The mean log counts for the methods were comparable for pasta filled with beef and cheese; frozen hash browns; cooked chicken patty; egg custard; frozen ground raw pork; and instant nonfat dried milk. The repeatability and reproducibility variances of the Petrifilm Rapid S. aureus Count Plate method were similar to those of the standard method.
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Gangar V, Curiale MS, D’Onorio A, Schultz A, Johnson RL, Atrache V, Agin J, Allen M, Armstrong T, Chaney T, Chang P, Chavey C, Clark T, Clover J, Cook P, Copeland F, Courtney T, Davis B, D’Onorio A, Downs D, Fender M, Foster T, Fox W, Hagen H, Hall C, High E, Kalik M, Kallstrom C, Keith M, Kruegel W, Lee J, Lewus C, Light D, Lindgren S, Mills J, Minor J, Murphy M, Muzzy T, Raghubeer E, Robbins R, Salinitro A, Saunders L, Sayer T, Schultz A, Sumpter R, Traux T, Vought K, Witt J, Yonker D. VIDAS® Enzyme-Linked Immunofluorescent Assay for Detection of Listeria in Foods: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/83.4.903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The VIDAS LIS method and the traditional culture methods for detection of Listeria species in food were evaluated in a multilaboratory comparative study. The 6 foods tested were either naturally contaminated or inoculated with 3 different concentrations of Listeria. Results for each food and each contamination level with the VIDAS LIS method were as good as or better than those obtained with the traditional culture method. Of 1558 samples tested, 935 were positive: 839 by the VIDAS method and 809 by standard culture methods. Overall false negative rates were 10.3 and 13.5% for the VIDAS LIS and culture methods, respectively. The false positive rate for the VIDAS LIS assay was 1.4% based on 9 VIDAS LIS positive assays that did not confirm positive by isolation of Listeria. The agreement between the VIDAS LIS and culture methods for all samples tested was 86%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidhya Gangar
- Silliker Laboratories Group, Inc., Corporate Research Center, 160 Armory Dr, South Holland, IL 60473
| | - Michael S Curiale
- Silliker Laboratories Group, Inc., Corporate Research Center, 160 Armory Dr, South Holland, IL 60473
| | - Armando D’Onorio
- Silliker Laboratories Group, Inc., Corporate Research Center, 160 Armory Dr, South Holland, IL 60473
| | - Ann Schultz
- Silliker Laboratories Group, Inc., Corporate Research Center, 160 Armory Dr, South Holland, IL 60473
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Stewart P, Swartz J, Tapscott B, Davis B. C-36 Montreal Cognitive Assessment for Dementia Severity Rating in a Diagnostically Heterogeneous Clinical Cohort. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acz034.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
The Mini Mental State Exam (MMSE) has enjoyed widespread use as a dementia severity staging instrument (Perneczky et al., 2006). More recently, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA; Nasreddine, 2005) has been advanced as a potentially superior measure with enhanced sensitivity to Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). To the authors’ knowledge, there are no published guidelines for staging dementia severity with the MoCA. The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of the MoCA for dementia severity staging.
Method
Participants (N = 162) were drawn from a diagnostically heterogeneous retrospective sample of referrals to a multidisciplinary memory clinic. Participants were categorized as MCI, mild dementia, or moderate dementia using the Quick Dementia Rating System (QDRS) sum of boxes score. Receiver operating characteristics of the MoCA were calculated using MATLAB and optimal cutpoints were determined using Youden’s Index.
Results
The MoCA demonstrated some utility in differentiating MCI from all severity dementia as defined by the QDRS, with an optimal cutpoint of 17 (AUC = .75). Cut points of 17 and 14 best separated MCI from mild dementia (AUC = .72) and mild from moderate dementia (AUC = .66), respectively. These cutpoints were associated with modest sensitivity (.50 - .53) and reasonable specificity (.76 - .87). Average diagnostic accuracy was 69.5%.
Conclusions
This study suggests that the MoCA has some utility for dementia severity staging. Future work should replicate these findings in other clinical cohorts. The use of the QDRS (an informant report measure) as the severity criterion is a significant limitation of the present study.
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Davis B, McDermott S, McCarter M, Ortaglia A. Population-based mortality data suggests remediation is modestly effective in two Montana Superfund counties. Environ Geochem Health 2019; 41:803-816. [PMID: 30140965 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-018-0175-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The health effects of living in proximity to Superfund sites with ongoing remediation were evaluated for residents of two contiguous Montana counties, Deer Lodge and Silver Bow. Deer Lodge and Silver Bow are home to the Anaconda Smelter and Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund sites, respectively. Established by the Environmental Protection Agency in 1983, both sites have had ongoing remediation for decades. Employing county level death certificate data obtained from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention WONDER site, sex and age-adjusted standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) for composite targeted causes of death were calculated using observed versus expected mortality for both counties, and compared to the expected mortality from the remaining Montana counties. Cancers, cerebro- and cardiovascular diseases (CCVD), and organ failure were elevated for the two counties during the study period, 2000-2016, with SMRs of 1.19 (95% CI 1.10, 1.29); 1.36 (95% CI 1.29, 1.43); and 1.24 (95% CI 1.10, 1.38), respectively. Neurological conditions were not elevated for the two counties (SMR = 1.01; 95% CI 0.89, 1.14). Time trend analyses performed using Cox regression models indicate that deaths from cancers (HR = 0.97; p = 0.0004), CCVDs (HR = 0.95; p ≤ 0.0001), and neurological conditions (HR = 0.97; p = 0.01) decreased over the study period. While the ecological approach applied limits the interpretation of our results, our study suggests that while mortality is elevated, it is also decreasing over time for these two Superfund sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Davis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - S McDermott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
| | - M McCarter
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - A Ortaglia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
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Mollan SP, Davis B, Silver NC, Shaw S, Malucci C, Wakerley BR, Krishnan A, Chavda SV, Ramalingam S, Edwards J, Hemmings K, Williamson M, Burdon MA, Hassan-Smith G, Digre K, Liu GT, Jensen RH, Sinclair AJ. TM3-1 Idiopathic intracranial hypertension: consensus guidelines on investigation and management. J Neurol Psychiatry 2019. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2019-abn.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
ObjectivesThe aim was to capture interdisciplinary expertise from a large group of clinicians, reflecting practice from across the UK and further, to inform subsequent development of a national consensus guidance for optimal management of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension.DesignConsensus guideline critically reviewed by the Association of British Neurologists, British Association for the Study of Headache, the Society of British Neurological Surgeons and the Royal College of Ophthalmologists.SubjectsAn initial UK survey of attitudes and practice in IIH was sent to a wide group of physicians and surgeons.MethodsBetween September 2015 and October 2017 a specialist interest group including neurology, neurosurgery, neuro-radiology, ophthalmology, nursing, primary care doctors, and patient representatives met. A comprehensive systematic literature review was performed to assemble the foundations of the statements.ResultsOver twenty questions were constructed: One based on the diagnostic principles for optimal investigation of papilloedema and twenty-one for the management of IIH. 3 main principles were identified:to treat the underlying disease;to protect the vision andto minimise the headache morbidity.Statements presented provide insight to uncertainties in IIH where research opportunities exist.ConclusionsIn collaboration with many different specialists, professions and patient representatives we have developed guidance statements for the investigation and management of adult IIH.
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Armstrong W, Kang H, Liyanage A, Maxwell J, Mulholland J, Ndukum L, Ahmidouch A, Albayrak I, Asaturyan A, Ates O, Baghdasaryan H, Boeglin W, Bosted P, Brash E, Butuceanu C, Bychkov M, Carter P, Chen C, Chen JP, Choi S, Christy ME, Covrig S, Crabb D, Danagoulian S, Daniel A, Davidenko AM, Davis B, Day D, Deconinck W, Deur A, Dunne J, Dutta D, El Fassi L, Ellis C, Ent R, Flay D, Frlez E, Gaskell D, Geagla O, German J, Gilman R, Gogami T, Gomez J, Goncharenko YM, Hashimoto O, Higinbotham D, Horn T, Huber GM, Jones M, Jones MK, Kalantarians N, Kang HK, Kawama D, Keith C, Keppel C, Khandaker M, Kim Y, King PM, Kohl M, Kovacs K, Kubarovsky V, Li Y, Liyanage N, Luo W, Mack D, Mamyan V, Markowitz P, Maruta T, Meekins D, Melnik YM, Meziani ZE, Mkrtchyan A, Mkrtchyan H, Mochalov VV, Monaghan P, Narayan A, Nakamura SN, Nuruzzaman A, Pentchev L, Pocanic D, Posik M, Puckett A, Qiu X, Reinhold J, Riordan S, Roche J, Rondón OA, Sawatzky B, Shabestari M, Slifer K, Smith G, Soloviev LF, Solvignon P, Tadevosyan V, Tang L, Vasiliev AN, Veilleux M, Walton T, Wesselmann F, Wood S, Yao H, Ye Z, Zhang J, Zhu L. Revealing Color Forces with Transverse Polarized Electron Scattering. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:022002. [PMID: 30720291 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.022002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The Spin Asymmetries of the Nucleon Experiment measured two double spin asymmetries using a polarized proton target and polarized electron beam at two beam energies, 4.7 and 5.9 GeV. A large-acceptance open-configuration detector package identified scattered electrons at 40° and covered a wide range in Bjorken x (0.3<x<0.8). Proportional to an average color Lorentz force, the twist-3 matrix element, d[over ˜]_{2}^{p}, was extracted from the measured asymmetries at Q^{2} values ranging from 2.0 to 6.0 GeV^{2}. The data display the opposite sign compared to most quark models, including the lattice QCD result, and an unexpected scale dependence. Furthermore, when combined with the neutron data in the same Q^{2} range the results suggest a flavor independent average color Lorentz force.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Armstrong
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H Kang
- Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - A Liyanage
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - J Maxwell
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Mulholland
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - L Ndukum
- Mississippi State University, Starkville, Mississippi 39759, USA
| | - A Ahmidouch
- North Carolina A&M State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, USA
| | - I Albayrak
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - A Asaturyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 0036, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - O Ates
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - H Baghdasaryan
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - W Boeglin
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - P Bosted
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - E Brash
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Butuceanu
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - M Bychkov
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - P Carter
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Chen
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - J-P Chen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Choi
- Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - M E Christy
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - S Covrig
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Crabb
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - S Danagoulian
- North Carolina A&M State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, USA
| | - A Daniel
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - A M Davidenko
- Kurchatov Institute-IHEP, Protvino, Moskva 123098, Russia
| | - B Davis
- North Carolina A&M State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, USA
| | - D Day
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - W Deconinck
- William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Dunne
- Mississippi State University, Starkville, Mississippi 39759, USA
| | - D Dutta
- Mississippi State University, Starkville, Mississippi 39759, USA
| | - L El Fassi
- Mississippi State University, Starkville, Mississippi 39759, USA
- Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA
| | - C Ellis
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - R Ent
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Flay
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - E Frlez
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - D Gaskell
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - O Geagla
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - J German
- North Carolina A&M State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, USA
| | - R Gilman
- Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA
| | - T Gogami
- Tohoku University, Tohoku, Miyagi Prefecture 980-8577, Japan
| | - J Gomez
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - O Hashimoto
- Tohoku University, Tohoku, Miyagi Prefecture 980-8577, Japan
| | - D Higinbotham
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Horn
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - G M Huber
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - M Jones
- North Carolina A&M State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, USA
| | - M K Jones
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - N Kalantarians
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
- Virginia Union University, Richmond, Virginia 23220, USA
| | - H-K Kang
- Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - D Kawama
- Tohoku University, Tohoku, Miyagi Prefecture 980-8577, Japan
| | - C Keith
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Keppel
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Khandaker
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - Y Kim
- Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - P M King
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - M Kohl
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - K Kovacs
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA
| | - Y Li
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - N Liyanage
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - W Luo
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Sheng, China
| | - D Mack
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - V Mamyan
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - P Markowitz
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - T Maruta
- Tohoku University, Tohoku, Miyagi Prefecture 980-8577, Japan
| | - D Meekins
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Y M Melnik
- Kurchatov Institute-IHEP, Protvino, Moskva 123098, Russia
| | - Z-E Meziani
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - A Mkrtchyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 0036, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - H Mkrtchyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 0036, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - V V Mochalov
- Kurchatov Institute-IHEP, Protvino, Moskva 123098, Russia
| | - P Monaghan
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - A Narayan
- Mississippi State University, Starkville, Mississippi 39759, USA
| | - S N Nakamura
- Tohoku University, Tohoku, Miyagi Prefecture 980-8577, Japan
| | - A Nuruzzaman
- Mississippi State University, Starkville, Mississippi 39759, USA
| | - L Pentchev
- William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - D Pocanic
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - M Posik
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - A Puckett
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - X Qiu
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - J Reinhold
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - S Riordan
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - J Roche
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - O A Rondón
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - B Sawatzky
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - M Shabestari
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
- Mississippi State University, Starkville, Mississippi 39759, USA
| | - K Slifer
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - G Smith
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L F Soloviev
- Kurchatov Institute-IHEP, Protvino, Moskva 123098, Russia
| | - P Solvignon
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - V Tadevosyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 0036, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - L Tang
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - A N Vasiliev
- Kurchatov Institute-IHEP, Protvino, Moskva 123098, Russia
| | - M Veilleux
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Walton
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - F Wesselmann
- Xavier University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70125, USA
| | - S Wood
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - H Yao
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Z Ye
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - J Zhang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - L Zhu
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
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Brooks KE, Daughtry BL, Fei SS, Yan MY, Davis B, Carbone L, Chavez SL. 41 Delineating the molecular connections between mitotic aneuploidy, micronucleation, and cellular fragmentation in pre-implantation bovine embryos. Reprod Fertil Dev 2019. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv31n1ab41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Whole chromosomal abnormalities (aneuploidy) that arise during early embryo development are a major contributor to in vitro fertilization failure. It is estimated that ~50 to 80% of human embryos contain aneuploid cells, which contribute to high levels of chromosomal mosaicism detected by pre-implantation genetic screening. Previous studies estimate that 32 to 88% of bovine embryos are aneuploid at the 2-cell stage, advocating cattle as a physiologically relevant model to study the mechanisms mediating meiotic and/or mitotic errors. In cleavage-stage human embryos, a process called cellular fragmentation is associated with aneuploidy, and when used in conjunction with assessment of early mitotic timing, can largely distinguish chromosomally normal and abnormal embryos. We recently demonstrated that some cellular fragments contain chromosomal material that likely began as mis-segregated chromosomes that were encapsulated into micronuclei. Given that bovine embryos exhibit cellular fragmentation, albeit to a lesser extent than human embryos, we hypothesise that cellular fragmentation is a response to micronucleation and represents a conserved mechanism to eliminate mis-segregated chromosomes from the pre-implantation embryo. Using a combination of live-cell imaging, single-cell DNA-sequencing, whole-embryo RNA-sequencing, quantitative RT-PCR, and multicolour confocal microscopy, we aim to further investigate the correlation between these phenomena using in vitro-produced bovine embryos. Similar to humans, the first three mitotic divisions are able to successfully predict progression to the blastocyst stage (N=84). Bovine embryos frequently contained multi-/micro-nuclei, and DNA-sequencing of individual bovine blastomeres up to 12 cells confirmed that ~58 to 87% of cleavage-stage bovine embryos are aneuploidy (N=38) and often detectable by abnormal cell divisions. Transcriptional profiling of fragmented versus non-fragmented bovine embryos via RNA-sequencing identified a small subset of differentially abundant genes at the 4-cell stage. Pathway analysis showed reduced abundance of genes associated with the cytoskeleton, microtubules, and spindle in 4-cell embryos with cellular fragmentation as well as enrichment of membrane targeting and vesicle fusion pathways. The potential role of these cellular components in micronucleation and cellular fragmentation is being assessed by microinjecting bovine zygotes with fluorescently labelled mRNA mCherry-H2B (chromatin marker) and mCitrine-LaminB1 (nuclear envelope marker), followed by overnight live-cell multicolour confocal imaging (Zeiss LSM 880 with AiryScan; Zeiss, Thornwood, NY, USA). Results from these studies contribute to our knowledge of early embryogenesis with translational application to help ameliorate embryonic loss in women and cattle.
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Goddard AG, Davis B. MAXIMIZING OPPORTUNITIES FOR SKIN PRICK TESTING AT INITIAL ALLERGY CLINIC VISIT USING AN EDUCATIONAL BROCHURE. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2018.09.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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López-Rios L, Vega T, Chirino R, Jung J, Davis B, Pérez-Machín R, Wiebe J. Toxicological assessment of Xanthigen ® nutraceutical extract combination: Mutagenicity, genotoxicity and oral toxicity. Toxicol Rep 2018; 5:1021-1031. [PMID: 30386730 PMCID: PMC6205089 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Xanthigen® is a nutraceutical combination for weight management capable of increasing energy expenditure via uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1) in white adipose tissue. It consists of brown seaweed Undaria pinnatifida extract, rich in the carotenoid fucoxanthin (FX) and pomegranate seed oil (PSO), rich in punicic acid. Xanthigen was screened to determine its genotoxicity and 90-days repeated oral toxicity. Genotoxicity was assessed with the Ames test (TA89, TA100, TA1535, TA1537, WP2), chromosomal aberration assay (Chinese hamster ovary cells) and mammalian micronucleus test (in mice). Xanthigen did not exhibit genotoxicity in any tested strain. Sub-chronic toxicity was evaluated with daily oral administration of 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg/day doses of Xanthigen® to Sprague-Dawley rats over 90 days. No deaths and no deleterious effects were observed during the 90-day treatment, indicating an absence of sub-chronic toxicity and a no observed adverse effect level greater than 1000 mg/kg/day. A statistically significant decrease in bodyweight and food intake in Xanthigen® treated groups was attributed to the weight loss property of Xanthigen®. Overall, Xanthigen® shows no significant mutagenic or toxic effects.
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Key Words
- BSE, brown seaweed extract
- CPA, cytophosphadine
- DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide
- FX, fucoxanthin
- Functional foods
- Genotoxicity
- KFDA, Korean Food and Drug Administration
- LD50, oral lethal dose 50%
- MMC, mitomycin
- MNPCEs, micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes
- MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acids
- NCE, normochromatic erythrocytes
- NOAEL, no observed adverse effect level
- Nutraceutical
- Oral toxicity
- PCE, polychromatic erythrocytes
- PSO, pomegranate seed oil
- PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acid
- RCC, relative cell count
- S9, metabolic activation system consisting of liver-derived cell extract
- SFA, saturated fatty acids
- SPF, specific pathogenic free
- Xanthigen
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Affiliation(s)
| | - T. Vega
- Nektium Pharma SL, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - R. Chirino
- Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Las Palmas, Spain
| | - J.C. Jung
- NOVAREX Co., Ltd. Ochang, Chungbuk, 363-885, Republic of Korea
| | - B. Davis
- P.L. Thomas & Co., Inc., NJ 07960, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Puleo
- 1 General Electric Global Research Center, Niskayuna, NY, USA
| | - B Davis
- 1 General Electric Global Research Center, Niskayuna, NY, USA
| | - R Smith
- 1 General Electric Global Research Center, Niskayuna, NY, USA
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Heslop E, Guglieri M, Bushby K, Turner C, Davis B, Litchfield N, Crossley E, Johnson A, Straub V. DMD HUB: expanding clinical trial capacity for Duchenne muscular dystrophy in the UK. Neuromuscul Disord 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-8966(18)30406-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Ageing in place (AIP) is the ability to live in one's home and community independently, despite age, ability level or income. AIM To elicit knowledge and feelings about AIP from low-income older adults relocated to low-income housing. METHOD Nursing students, supervised by nursing faculty trained in research, conducted semi-structured interviews about AIP with volunteer residents living in a low-income apartment complex in the southern US. FINDINGS Seven participants discussed common fears and worries as well as needs for AIP in low-income housing. Mental health issues were prominent. CONCLUSION Mental health warrants consideration along with physical, social and emotional well-being in beginning to identify and address the needs of older people ageing anywhere, perhaps especially in relocated low-income older adults. This information could inform future interventions to encourage AIP in the US and potentially in other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Van Ravenstein
- College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, US
| | - Boyd Davis
- University of North Carolina at Charlotte, North Carolina, US
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Bono V, Normando E, Davis B, Cordeiro M. Prospective comparison of global visual field indices and cluster progression in glaucoma and their relationship to structural changes. Acta Ophthalmol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2017.01127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Bono
- Western Eye Hospital & ICORG- Imperial College Healthcare Trust; London UK
| | - E.M. Normando
- Western Eye Hospital & ICORG- Imperial College Healthcare Trust; London UK
| | - B. Davis
- Glaucoma& Retinal Neurodegeneration Research Group-Visual Neuroscience; UCL Institute of Ophthalmology; London UK
| | - M.F. Cordeiro
- Western Eye Hospital & ICORG- Imperial College Healthcare Trust; London UK
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Davis B, Salinas-Navarro M, Cordeiro M, Moons L, De Groef L. Characterizing microglia activation: a spatial statistics approach to maximize information extraction. Acta Ophthalmol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2017.03623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Davis
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, Visual Neuroscience; London UK
| | | | - M.F. Cordeiro
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, Visual Neuroscience; London UK
| | - L. Moons
- Department of Biology; University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - L. De Groef
- Department of Biology; University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
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Davis B, Ravindra N, Guo L, Cordeiro M. AD in the eye. Acta Ophthalmol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2017.02324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Davis
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, Visual Neuroscience; London UK
| | - N. Ravindra
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, Visual Neuroscience; London UK
| | - L. Guo
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, Visual Neuroscience; London UK
| | - M.F. Cordeiro
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, Visual Neuroscience; London UK
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Harrow B, Travers K, Davis B, Smith P, Gilligan A, Bala M. Disease burden during the “watchful waiting” period in patients with recurrent ovarian cancer. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx372.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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46
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Davis B, Moses J, Aaron H. C-41Specific Spoken Language Components Mediate Each Stage of Rote Auditory Learning. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acx076.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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47
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Mohamad M, Davis B, Twomey F, Lucey M, Conroy M, Adamis D, Meagher D. The development of an abbreviated version of the Cornell scale for depression in dementia (CSDD) for the assessment of depression in palliative care inpatients. Eur Psychiatry 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionIn the palliative care setting, accurate identification of depression is important to allow delivery of appropriate treatments.Aims:– 1. To assess rates of depression in palliative care inpatients using the CSDD, comparing with formal clinical diagnosis based on diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-IV) criteria;– 2. To identify items of the CSDD that most distinguish depressive illness in a palliative care setting.MethodsWe measured rates of depression in patients admitted into a palliative care inpatient unit with the CSDD. DSM-IV clinical diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) was achieved using all available clinical information by an experienced independent rater. We calculated Cohen's Kappa to measure concordance between the CSDD and DSM-IV diagnosis.ResultsWe assessed 142 patients (56.3% male; mean age: 69.6 years), the majority of which had a cancer diagnosis (93.7%). 18.3% (n = 26) met DSM-IV criteria for MDD, while 12% scored ≥6 on the CSDD with 15 cases of depression common to these two methods (K = 0.65). Discriminant analysis identified five CSDD items that were especially distinguishing of MDD; sadness, loss of interest, pessimism, lack of reactivity to pleasant events and appetite loss. An abbreviated version of the CSDD, based on these 5 items, proved highly accurate in identifying DSM-IV MDD (AUC = 0.94), with sensitivity of 89% and specificity of 84% at a cut-off score ≥2.ConclusionsThere was good level of concordance between the CSDD and DSM-IV diagnosis of MDD. We identified five depressive symptoms that are especially discriminating for depression in palliative care patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Davis B, Schwartz M, Duchemin D, Carl Barrett J, Post G. Validation of a Multiplexed Gene Signature Assay for Diagnosis of Canine Cancers from Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Tissues. J Vet Intern Med 2017; 31:854-863. [PMID: 28370296 PMCID: PMC5435129 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.14686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Use of molecular‐based diagnostics for companion animals is impeded by availability of technology platforms, tissue acquisition requirements, and species‐specific reagents. Hypothesis/Objectives To validate a quantitative nuclease protection assay (qNPA) to simultaneously measure RNA expression of multiple genes in archived formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) tumors from dogs. Animals All tumor biopsy samples were collected retrospectively from surgical biopsies and in the care of veterinarians. Methods Retrospective case series. A qNPA 96‐well ArrayPlate was built using 30 canine‐specific genes, 5 housekeeping genes, positive and negative controls with qualified gene‐specific oligonucleotides. Pearson's correlation, coefficient of variation (CV), and multivariate analysis were used to determine analytical performance using 40 FFPE dog tumors. Once validated, 70 FFPE dog tumors were analyzed for differences in gene expression using hierarchical clustering and analysis of variance of log transformed data. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to correlate gene expression and protein expression in a subset of tumors. Results The assay was linear with decreasing sample input (R2 = 0.978), reproducible within and between 96‐well plates (r = 0.988 and 0.95, respectively) and between different laboratories (CV = 0.96). Hierarchical cluster analysis showed grouping of tumors by histogenesis and oncogenes. Significant differences were found between BCl2, E2F transcription factor 1, MDM2, COX‐2, MET proto‐oncogene receptor kinase, and other biologically relevant gene expression in tumor subtypes. Immunohistochemistry confirmed protein expression. Conclusions and Clinical Implications Because this technology works reliably on FFPE specimens, it can help expedite the broad introduction of multiplexed genomic information for improved diagnostics and discovery of new targets for therapies in veterinary oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - D Duchemin
- Innogenics Inc, Harvard, MA.,Veterinary Cancer Center, Norwalk, CT
| | | | - G Post
- Innogenics Inc, Harvard, MA.,Veterinary Cancer Center, Norwalk, CT
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Abstract
To show the frequent association of synovial cysts and facet effusion. MR studies of 26 patients with lumbar synovial cysts were reviewed for sex/age incidence, anatomic location, multiplicity of cysts and associated pathologies. All studies were reviewed for presence of facet effusion. 26 patients had 39 MRI documented synovial (17 females, 9 males). Age distribution: 41 – 79 years. Location of cysts: L4/5 = 29, L3/4 = 6, L5/S1 = 3, L1/2= −;1. 36 synovial cysts showed facet effusion. 19 patients also had facet effusions at adjoining motion segments or at contralateral joints. Synovial cysts were found in anterior (n=20), posterior (n=13), anterior-posterior (n=3) positions. 18 patients had cysts localized to one single facet joint, 8 patients showed synovial cysts at multiple facet joints. The frequent coexistence of synovial cysts and facet effusion in our material suggests a causal relationship. External herniation of synovium from a fluid expanded joint space appears to be the most plausible pathologic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - F. Henderson
- Neurosurgery, Georgetown University Medical Center; Washington, DC
| | - W.C. Lauerman
- Orthopaedic Surgery, Georgetown University Medical Center; Washington, DC
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Davis B, Grandin T, Engle TE, Ransom J. 0798 Evaluating the effectiveness of varying doses of supplemental tryptophan as a calmative in horses. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jam2016-0798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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