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Rogers NB, Hartline BE, Achor TS, Kumaravel M, Gary JL, Choo AM, Routt ML, Munz JW, Warner SJ. Improving the Diagnosis of Ipsilateral Femoral Neck and Shaft Fractures: A New Imaging Protocol. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2020; 102:309-314. [PMID: 31725122 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.19.00568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite increased awareness of ipsilateral femoral neck fractures in patients with high-energy femoral shaft fractures and advanced imaging with thin-cut high-resolution computed tomography (CT), failure of diagnosis remains problematic. The purpose of the present study was to determine if the preoperative diagnosis of ipsilateral femoral neck fractures in patients with high-energy femoral shaft fractures can be improved with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compared with radiographic and CT imaging. METHODS In response to delayed diagnoses of femoral neck fractures despite thin-cut high-resolution CT, our institutional imaging protocol for acute, high-energy femoral shaft fractures was altered to include rapid limited-sequence MRI to evaluate for occult femoral neck fractures. All patients received standard radiographic imaging as well as thin-cut high-resolution pelvic CT imaging upon presentation. Rapid limited-sequence MRI of the pelvis was obtained to evaluate for an occult femoral neck fracture. RESULTS Thirty-seven consecutive patients with 39 acute, high-energy femoral shaft fractures resulting from blunt trauma were included. The average age of the patients was 29.1 years (range, 14 to 82 years). Ten (25.6%) of the 39 femoral shaft fractures were open. Two femoral shaft fractures (5.1%) were associated with ipsilateral femoral neck fractures that were detected on radiographs, and no MRI was performed. None of the remaining 37 femoral shaft fractures were associated with a femoral neck fracture that was identified on CT imaging. Thirty-three (89.2%) of 37 patients underwent pelvic MRI to evaluate the ipsilateral femoral neck. Four (12.1%) of those 33 patients were diagnosed with a femoral neck fracture (2 complete, 2 incomplete) that was not identified on thin-cut high-resolution CT or radiographic imaging. CONCLUSIONS Rapid limited-sequence MRI of the pelvis for patients with femoral shaft fractures identified femoral neck fractures that were not diagnosed on thin-cut high-resolution CT in 12% of our patients. Our results suggest that the frequency of femoral neck fractures may be underrepresented on CT imaging; rapid limited-sequence MRI was feasible without delaying definitive treatment even in polytraumatized patients. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Diagnostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan B Rogers
- Orthopaedic Trauma Service (T.S.A., J.L.G., A.M.C., M.L.R., J.W.M., and S.J.W.) and Department of Radiology (M.K.), McGovern Medical School at UTHealth Houston (N.B.R. and B.E.H.), Houston, Texas
| | - Braden E Hartline
- Orthopaedic Trauma Service (T.S.A., J.L.G., A.M.C., M.L.R., J.W.M., and S.J.W.) and Department of Radiology (M.K.), McGovern Medical School at UTHealth Houston (N.B.R. and B.E.H.), Houston, Texas
| | - Timothy S Achor
- Orthopaedic Trauma Service (T.S.A., J.L.G., A.M.C., M.L.R., J.W.M., and S.J.W.) and Department of Radiology (M.K.), McGovern Medical School at UTHealth Houston (N.B.R. and B.E.H.), Houston, Texas
| | - Manickam Kumaravel
- Orthopaedic Trauma Service (T.S.A., J.L.G., A.M.C., M.L.R., J.W.M., and S.J.W.) and Department of Radiology (M.K.), McGovern Medical School at UTHealth Houston (N.B.R. and B.E.H.), Houston, Texas
| | - Joshua L Gary
- Orthopaedic Trauma Service (T.S.A., J.L.G., A.M.C., M.L.R., J.W.M., and S.J.W.) and Department of Radiology (M.K.), McGovern Medical School at UTHealth Houston (N.B.R. and B.E.H.), Houston, Texas
| | - Andrew M Choo
- Orthopaedic Trauma Service (T.S.A., J.L.G., A.M.C., M.L.R., J.W.M., and S.J.W.) and Department of Radiology (M.K.), McGovern Medical School at UTHealth Houston (N.B.R. and B.E.H.), Houston, Texas
| | - Milton L Routt
- Orthopaedic Trauma Service (T.S.A., J.L.G., A.M.C., M.L.R., J.W.M., and S.J.W.) and Department of Radiology (M.K.), McGovern Medical School at UTHealth Houston (N.B.R. and B.E.H.), Houston, Texas
| | - John W Munz
- Orthopaedic Trauma Service (T.S.A., J.L.G., A.M.C., M.L.R., J.W.M., and S.J.W.) and Department of Radiology (M.K.), McGovern Medical School at UTHealth Houston (N.B.R. and B.E.H.), Houston, Texas
| | - Stephen J Warner
- Orthopaedic Trauma Service (T.S.A., J.L.G., A.M.C., M.L.R., J.W.M., and S.J.W.) and Department of Radiology (M.K.), McGovern Medical School at UTHealth Houston (N.B.R. and B.E.H.), Houston, Texas
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Clanton TO, Chacko AK, Matheny LM, Hartline BE, Ho CP. Magnetic resonance imaging findings of snowboarding osteochondral injuries to the middle talocalcaneal articulation. Sports Health 2014; 5:470-5. [PMID: 24427420 PMCID: PMC3752195 DOI: 10.1177/1941738113497671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This report presents 2 cases of subtle injuries to the subtalar joint, specifically, osteochondral defects of the middle facet of the talus and concomitant involvement of the middle talocalcaneal articulation sustained while snowboarding. The 3T magnetic resonance image revealed fracture of the lateral talar process with osteochondral lesions of the middle talocalcaneal articulation. This injury can lead to severe and chronic disability if undetected and could ultimately end athletic participation prematurely.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna K Chacko
- Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, Colorado, USA
| | | | | | - Charles P Ho
- Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, Colorado, USA
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