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Ivan de Ávila R, Fentem J, Villela I, Somlo D, Fusco Almeida AM, Mendes-Giannini MJS, Di Pietro Micali Canavez A, Bosquetti B, Catarino CM, Schuck DC, Valadares BN, Facchini G, Marigliani B, Migliorini Figueira AC, Hickson R, Leme DM, Tagliati C, de Souza LCR, Maria Engler SS, Gaspar Cordeiro LR, Koepp J, Granjeiro JM, de Mello Brandao H, Munk M, Antunes de Mattos K, Pedralli B, Siqueira Furtuoso Rodrigues MM, Stival AC, Andrade J, Brito LB, Marques Dos Santos TR, Leite J, Garcia da Silva AC, Valadares MC. Brazilian National Network of Alternative Methods (RENAMA) 10th Anniversary: Meeting of the Associated Laboratories, May 2022. Altern Lab Anim 2024; 52:60-68. [PMID: 38061994 DOI: 10.1177/02611929231218378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The Brazilian National Network of Alternative Methods (RENAMA), which is linked to the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, is currently comprised of 51 laboratories from CROs, academia, industry and government. RENAMA's aim is to develop and validate new approach methodologies (NAMs), as well as train researchers and disseminate information on their use - thus reducing Brazilian, and consequently Latin American, dependence on external technology. Moreover, it promotes the adoption of NAMs by educators and trained researchers, as well as the implementation of good laboratory practice (GLP) and the use of certified products. The RENAMA network started its activities in 2012, and was originally comprised of three central laboratories - the National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (INMETRO); the National Institute of Quality Control in Health (INCQS); and the National Brazilian Biosciences Laboratory (LNBio) - and ten associated laboratories. In 2022, RENAMA celebrated its 10th anniversary, a milestone commemorated by the organisation of a meeting attended by different stakeholders, including the RENAMA-associated laboratories, academia, non-governmental organisations and industry. Ninety-six participants attended the meeting, held on 26 May 2022 in Balneário Camboriú, SC, Brazil, as part of the programme of the XXIII Brazilian Congress of Toxicology 2022. Significant moments of the RENAMA were remembered, and new goals and discussion themes were established. The lectures highlighted recent innovations in the toxicological sciences that have translated into the assessment of consumer product safety through the use of human-relevant NAMs instead of the use of existing animal-based approaches. The challenges and opportunities in accepting such practices for regulatory purposes were also presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Ivan de Ávila
- Unilever's Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre (SEAC), Colworth Science Park, Bedfordshire, UK
| | - Julia Fentem
- Unilever's Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre (SEAC), Colworth Science Park, Bedfordshire, UK
| | - Izabel Villela
- InnVitro Support and Management in Toxicology, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Debora Somlo
- Unilever Brazil Industrial Ltda, WTorre Morumbi, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Marisa Fusco Almeida
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Clinical Mycology, Department of Clinical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Maria José S Mendes-Giannini
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Clinical Mycology, Department of Clinical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, Brazil
| | | | - Bruna Bosquetti
- Safety Assessment Management, Grupo Boticário, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Bianca Marigliani
- Research and Toxicology Department, Humane Society International (HSI), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Carlos Tagliati
- Lab Tox, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Janice Koepp
- Biocelltis Biotechnology SA, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Jose Mauro Granjeiro
- National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology, Fluminense Federal University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Humberto de Mello Brandao
- Innovation Laboratory in Nanobiotechnology and Advanced Materials for Livestock Embrapa Gado de Leite, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Michele Munk
- Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Katherine Antunes de Mattos
- Microbiological Control Laboratory, Quality Control Department, Bio-Manguinhos, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bruna Pedralli
- Laboratory of Education and Research in In vitro Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Clara Stival
- Laboratory of Education and Research in In vitro Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Jordana Andrade
- Laboratory of Education and Research in In vitro Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Lara Barroso Brito
- Laboratory of Education and Research in In vitro Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Thais Rosa Marques Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Education and Research in In vitro Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline Leite
- Laboratory of Education and Research in In vitro Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Artur Christian Garcia da Silva
- Laboratory of Education and Research in In vitro Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Marize Campos Valadares
- Laboratory of Education and Research in In vitro Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
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Bosquetti B, Santana AA, Gregório PC, da Cunha RS, Miniskiskosky G, Budag J, Franco CRC, Ramos EADS, Barreto FC, Stinghen AEM. The Role of α3β1 Integrin Modulation on Fabry Disease Podocyte Injury and Kidney Impairment. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:700. [PMID: 38133204 PMCID: PMC10748128 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15120700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Podocyte dysfunction plays a crucial role in renal injury and is identified as a key contributor to proteinuria in Fabry disease (FD), primarily impacting glomerular filtration function (GFF). The α3β1 integrins are important for podocyte adhesion to the glomerular basement membrane, and disturbances in these integrins can lead to podocyte injury. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effects of chloroquine (CQ) on podocytes, as this drug can be used to obtain an in vitro condition analogous to the FD. Murine podocytes were employed in our experiments. The results revealed a dose-dependent reduction in cell viability. CQ at a sub-lethal concentration (1.0 µg/mL) induced lysosomal accumulation significantly (p < 0.0001). Morphological changes were evident through scanning electron microscopy and immunofluorescence, highlighting alterations in F-actin and nucleus morphology. No significant changes were observed in the gene expression of α3β1 integrins via RT-qPCR. Protein expression of α3 integrin was evaluated with Western Blotting and immunofluorescence, demonstrating its lower detection in podocytes exposed to CQ. Our findings propose a novel in vitro model for exploring secondary Fabry nephropathy, indicating a modulation of α3β1 integrin and morphological alterations in podocytes under the influence of CQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Bosquetti
- Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Basic Pathology Department, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba 81531-980, Brazil; (B.B.); (A.A.S.); (P.C.G.); (R.S.d.C.); (G.M.); (J.B.); (C.R.C.F.); (E.A.d.S.R.)
| | - Aline Aparecida Santana
- Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Basic Pathology Department, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba 81531-980, Brazil; (B.B.); (A.A.S.); (P.C.G.); (R.S.d.C.); (G.M.); (J.B.); (C.R.C.F.); (E.A.d.S.R.)
| | - Paulo Cézar Gregório
- Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Basic Pathology Department, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba 81531-980, Brazil; (B.B.); (A.A.S.); (P.C.G.); (R.S.d.C.); (G.M.); (J.B.); (C.R.C.F.); (E.A.d.S.R.)
| | - Regiane Stafim da Cunha
- Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Basic Pathology Department, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba 81531-980, Brazil; (B.B.); (A.A.S.); (P.C.G.); (R.S.d.C.); (G.M.); (J.B.); (C.R.C.F.); (E.A.d.S.R.)
| | - Guilherme Miniskiskosky
- Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Basic Pathology Department, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba 81531-980, Brazil; (B.B.); (A.A.S.); (P.C.G.); (R.S.d.C.); (G.M.); (J.B.); (C.R.C.F.); (E.A.d.S.R.)
| | - Julia Budag
- Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Basic Pathology Department, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba 81531-980, Brazil; (B.B.); (A.A.S.); (P.C.G.); (R.S.d.C.); (G.M.); (J.B.); (C.R.C.F.); (E.A.d.S.R.)
| | - Célia Regina Cavichiolo Franco
- Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Basic Pathology Department, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba 81531-980, Brazil; (B.B.); (A.A.S.); (P.C.G.); (R.S.d.C.); (G.M.); (J.B.); (C.R.C.F.); (E.A.d.S.R.)
| | - Edneia Amancio de Souza Ramos
- Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Basic Pathology Department, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba 81531-980, Brazil; (B.B.); (A.A.S.); (P.C.G.); (R.S.d.C.); (G.M.); (J.B.); (C.R.C.F.); (E.A.d.S.R.)
| | - Fellype Carvalho Barreto
- Internal Medicine Department, Division of Nephrology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba 80060-900, Brazil;
| | - Andréa Emilia Marques Stinghen
- Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Basic Pathology Department, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba 81531-980, Brazil; (B.B.); (A.A.S.); (P.C.G.); (R.S.d.C.); (G.M.); (J.B.); (C.R.C.F.); (E.A.d.S.R.)
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Gregorio PC, Cunha R, Biagini G, Bosquetti B, Budag J, Ortiz A, Sanchez-Nino MD, Barreto F, Stinghen AEM. MO017THERAPEUTICAL POTENTIAL OF ENZYME REPLACEMENT: NEW INSIGHTS AND PERSPECTIVES IN HUMAN ENDOTHELIAL CELLS TREATED WITH CHLOROQUINE. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2021. [PMCID: PMC8195046 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfab079.0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims COVID-19 is a pandemic with no end in sight. There is only one approved antiviral agent but global stocks are deemed insufficient. Despite in vitro antiviral activity, clinical trials of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine were disappointing, and they may even impair outcomes. Chloroquine causes zebroid deposits reminiscent of Fabry disease (α-galactosidase A deficiency) and endothelial cells are key targets of COVID-19. The study aims to investigate in vitro the effect of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) in chloroquine-induced endothelial dysfunction. Method We have explored the effect of chloroquine on cultured endothelial cells and its modulation by recombinant α-galactosidase A (agalsidase-β). Following dose-response studies, 0.5 μg/mL chloroquine was added to cultured human endothelial cells. Neutral red and Lysotracker were used to assess lysosomes. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) - MTT assay and cell stress by assessing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO). In endothelial cells, chloroquine induced dose-dependent cytotoxicity at in vitro test concentrations for COVID-19 therapy. Results Chloroquine significantly induced the accumulation of acid organelles (P<0.05), increased ROS levels, and decreased NO production (P<0.05), in vitro. These adverse effects of chloroquine on endothelial cell biology were decreased by agalsidase-β (P<0.05). Conclusion Chloroquine-induced endothelial cell cytotoxicity and stress is attenuated by agalsidase-β treatment. This suggests that endothelial cell injury may contribute to the failure of chloroquine as therapy for COVID-19 and may be at least in part related to causing dysfunction of the lysosomal enzyme α-galactosidase A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo C Gregorio
- Universidade Federal do Paraná Campus Centro Politécnico, Basic Pathology Department, Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Regiane Cunha
- Universidade Federal do Paraná Campus Centro Politécnico, Basic Pathology Department, Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Gilson Biagini
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Internal Medicine Department, Division of Nephrology, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Bruna Bosquetti
- Universidade Federal do Paraná Campus Centro Politécnico, Basic Pathology Department, Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Julia Budag
- Universidade Federal do Paraná Campus Centro Politécnico, Basic Pathology Department, Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Nephrology and Hypertension Division, Madrid, Spain
- IIS, Fundación Jiménez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Sanchez-Nino
- IIS, Fundación Jiménez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
- Autonomous University of Madrid, 6Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fellype Barreto
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Internal Medicine Department, Division of Nephrology, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Andréa E M Stinghen
- Universidade Federal do Paraná Campus Centro Politécnico, Basic Pathology Department, Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Curitiba, Brazil
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Gregório P, da Cunha RS, Biagini G, Bosquetti B, Budag J, Ortiz A, Sánchez-Niño MD, Barreto FC, Stinghen AEM. Chloroquine may induce endothelial injury through lysosomal dysfunction and oxidative stress. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 414:115412. [PMID: 33484708 PMCID: PMC7826090 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 is a pandemic with no end in sight. There is only one approved antiviral agent but global stocks are deemed insufficient. Despite in vitro antiviral activity, clinical trials of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine were disappointing, and they may even impair outcomes. Chloroquine causes zebroid deposits reminiscent of Fabry disease (α-galactosidase A deficiency) and endothelial cells are key targets of COVID-19. We have explored the effect of chloroquine on cultured endothelial cells and its modulation by recombinant α-galactosidase A (agalsidase). Following dose-response studies, 0.5 μg/mL chloroquine was added to cultured human endothelial cells. Neutral red and Lysotracker were used to assess lysosomes. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) - MTT assay and cell stress by assessing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO). In endothelial cells, chloroquine induced dose-dependent cytotoxicity at in vitro test concentrations for COVID-19 therapy. At a sublethal concentration, chloroquine significantly induced the accumulation of acid organelles (P < 0.05), increased ROS levels, and decreased NO production (P < 0.05). These adverse effects of chloroquine on endothelial cell biology were decreased by agalsidase-β (P < 0.05). Chloroquine-induced endothelial cell cytotoxicity and stress is attenuated by agalsidase-β treatment. This suggests that endothelial cell injury may contribute to the failure of chloroquine as therapy for COVID-19 and may be at least in part related to causing dysfunction of the lysosomal enzyme α-galactosidase A.
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Affiliation(s)
- PauloC Gregório
- Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Basic Pathology Department, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Regiane S da Cunha
- Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Basic Pathology Department, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Gilson Biagini
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Bruna Bosquetti
- Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Basic Pathology Department, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Júlia Budag
- Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Basic Pathology Department, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Nephrology and Hypertension, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain; IIS-Fundación Jimenez Diaz UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Sánchez-Niño
- IIS-Fundación Jimenez Diaz UAM, Madrid, Spain; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fellype C Barreto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Andréa E M Stinghen
- Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Basic Pathology Department, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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Bucharles S, Gregorio P, Bosquetti B, Cunha R, Stinghen A, Barreto F. SP389Vitamin D supplementation in hemodialysis patients: in vitro and in vivo effects on inflammation and mineral metabolism. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfz103.sp389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Bosquetti B, Gregório P, Cunha R, Barreto F, Stinghen A. SP027GB3 ACCUMULATION INDUCES HIGHER EXPRESSION OF α3β1-INTEGRIN IN PODOCYTES. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfz103.sp027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Gregório P, Biagini G, Martins AM, Bosquetti B, Flores A, Cunha R, Ortiz A, Sánchez-Niño MD, Stinghen A, Barreto F. SP023Syndecan-1 is associated with proteinuria in classical Fabry disease patients under enzyme replacement therapy. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfz103.sp023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Alberto Ortiz
- Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
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Maciel RAP, Rempel LCT, Bosquetti B, Finco AB, Pecoits-Filho R, Souza WMD, Stinghen AEM. p-cresol but not p-cresyl sulfate stimulate MCP-1 production via NF-κB p65 in human vascular smooth muscle cells. J Bras Nefrol 2018; 38:153-60. [PMID: 27438970 DOI: 10.5935/0101-2800.20160024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION p-cresol (PC) and p-cresyl sulfate (PCS) are responsible for many of the uremia clinical consequences, such as atherosclerosis in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients. OBJECTIVES We investigate the in vitro impact of PC and PCS on monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) expression via NF-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 in VSMC. METHODS PCS was synthesized by PC sulfatation. VSMC were extracted by enzymatic digestion of umbilical cord vein and characterized by immunofluorescence against α-actin antibody. The cells were treated with PC and PCS at their normal (n), uremic (u) and maximum uremic concentrations (m). Cell viability was assessed by MTT. MCP-1 expression was investigated by ELISA in cells supernatants after toxins treatment with or without the NF-κB p65 inhibitor. RESULTS There was no significant difference in cell viability after toxins treatment for all concentrations tested. There was a significant increase in MCP-1 expression in cells treated with PCu and PCm (p < 0.001) and PCSn, PCSu and PCSm (p < 0.001), compared with the control. When VSMC were treated with the NF-κB p65 inhibitor plus PCu and PCm, there was a significant decrease in MCP-1 production (p < 0.005). This effect was not observed with PCS. CONCLUSIONS VSMC are involved in atherosclerosis lesion formation and production of MCP-1, which contributes to the inflammatory response initiation. Our results suggest that PC mediates MCP-1 production in VSMC, probably through NF-κB p65 pathway, although we hypothesize that PCS acts through a different subunit pathway since NF-κB p65 inhibitor was not able to inhibit MCP-1 production.
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Ribeiro V, Bosquetti B, Gonçalves SM, Bucharles SGE, Rempel L, Maciel RAP, de Oliveira RB, Pecoits-Filho R, Stinghen AEM. Uremic serum inhibits in vitro expression of chemokine SDF-1: impact of uremic toxicity on endothelial injury. J Bras Nefrol 2016; 36:123-31. [PMID: 25055351 DOI: 10.5935/0101-2800.20140021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Endothelial dysfunction is important in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD) related to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) is a chemokine which mobilizes endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) and together with interleukin-8 (IL-8) may be used as markers of tissue injury and repair. OBJECTIVE This study investigated in vivo and in vitro the effect of uremic media on SDF-1 and IL-8 expression. METHODS Systemic inflammation was assessed by C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). IL-8 and SDF-1 were measured as markers of endothelial dysfunction and tissue repair, respectively, by ELISA. In vitro studies were performed on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) exposed to healthy or uremic media. RESULTS The study included 26 hemodialysis (HD) patients (17 ± 3 months on dialysis, 52 ± 2 years, 38% men and 11% diabetic). Serum concentrations of CRP, IL-6, SDF-1 and IL-8 were 4.9 ± 4.8 mg/ml, 6.7 ± 8.1 pg/ml, 2625.9 ± 1288.6 pg/ml and 128.2 ± 206.2 pg/ml, respectively. There was a positive correlation between CRP and IL-6 (ρ = 0.57, p < 0.005) and between SDF-1 and IL-8 (ρ = 0.45, p < 0.05). In vitro results showed that after 6 hours treatment, SDF-1 expression by HUVEC treated with uremic media is lower compared to cells treated with healthy media (p < 0.05). After 12 hours of treatment there was an increase in IL-8 when HUVECs were exposed to uremic media (p < 0.005). CONCLUSION We suggest that SDF-1 and IL-8 in HD patients can be used to measure the extent of damage and subsequent vascular activation in uremia.
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Rempel LCT, Finco AB, Maciel RAP, Bosquetti B, Alvarenga LM, Souza WM, Pecoits-Filho R, Stinghen AEM. Effect of PKC-β Signaling Pathway on Expression of MCP-1 and VCAM-1 in Different Cell Models in Response to Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs). Toxins (Basel) 2015; 7:1722-37. [PMID: 26008233 PMCID: PMC4448170 DOI: 10.3390/toxins7051722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are compounds classified as uremic toxins in patients with chronic kidney disease that have several pro-inflammatory effects and are implicated in the development of cardiovascular diseases. To explore the mechanisms of AGEs–endothelium interactions through the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) in the PKC-β pathway, we evaluated the production of MCP-1 and VCAM-1 in human endothelial cells (HUVECs), monocytes, and a coculture of both. AGEs were prepared by albumin glycation and characterized by absorbance and electrophoresis. The effect of AGEs on cell viability was assessed with an MTT assay. The cells were also treated with AGEs with and without a PKC-β inhibitor. MCP-1 and VCAM-1 in the cell supernatants were estimated by ELISA, and RAGE was evaluated by immunocytochemistry. AGEs exposure did not affect cell viability, but AGEs induced RAGE, MCP-1, and VCAM-1 expression in HUVECs. When HUVECs or monocytes were incubated with AGEs and a PKC-β inhibitor, MCP-1 and VCAM-1 expression significantly decreased. However, in the coculture, exposure to AGEs and a PKC-β inhibitor produced no significant effect. This study demonstrates, in vitro, the regulatory mechanisms involved in MCP-1 production in three cellular models and VCAM-1 production in HUVECs, and thus mimics the endothelial dysfunction caused by AGEs in early atherosclerosis. Such mechanisms could serve as therapeutic targets to reduce the harmful effects of AGEs in patients with chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisienny C T Rempel
- Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Basic Pathology Department, Universidade Federal do Paraná; Av. Cel. Francisco H. dos Santos, S/N, Jd. das Américas, Curitiba, PR, 81.531-980, Brazil.
| | - Alessandra B Finco
- Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Basic Pathology Department, Universidade Federal do Paraná; Av. Cel. Francisco H. dos Santos, S/N, Jd. das Américas, Curitiba, PR, 81.531-980, Brazil.
| | - Rayana A P Maciel
- Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Basic Pathology Department, Universidade Federal do Paraná; Av. Cel. Francisco H. dos Santos, S/N, Jd. das Américas, Curitiba, PR, 81.531-980, Brazil.
| | - Bruna Bosquetti
- Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Basic Pathology Department, Universidade Federal do Paraná; Av. Cel. Francisco H. dos Santos, S/N, Jd. das Américas, Curitiba, PR, 81.531-980, Brazil.
| | - Larissa M Alvarenga
- Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Basic Pathology Department, Universidade Federal do Paraná; Av. Cel. Francisco H. dos Santos, S/N, Jd. das Américas, Curitiba, PR, 81.531-980, Brazil.
| | - Wesley M Souza
- Universidade Tuiuti do Paraná, Rua Sydnei Antonio Rangel Santos, 238, Santo Inácio, Curitiba, PR, 82.010-330, Brazil.
- Clinical Analysis Department, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Av. Lothário Meissner, 632, Curitiba, PR, 81.531-980, Brazil.
| | - Roberto Pecoits-Filho
- School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Av. Imaculada Conceição, 1155, Curitiba, PR, 80.215-901, Brazil.
| | - Andréa E M Stinghen
- Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Basic Pathology Department, Universidade Federal do Paraná; Av. Cel. Francisco H. dos Santos, S/N, Jd. das Américas, Curitiba, PR, 81.531-980, Brazil.
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