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Pano O, Sayón-Orea C, Hershey MS, de la O V, Fernández-Lázaro C, Bes-Rastrollo M, Martín-Moreno JM, Sánchez-Villegas A, Martínez JA. The risk of incident depression when assessed with the Lifestyle and Well-Being Index. Public Health 2023; 220:165-171. [PMID: 37329773 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Novel findings indicate links between unhealthy lifestyles and depression based on active inflammatory processes. Thus, identifying participants with poor habits could reveal differences in trends of incident depression. This study aimed to examine the association between an objective lifestyle assessment, as measured by the Lifestyle and Well-Being Index (LWB-I), and incident depression in healthy participants of a Spanish cohort. STUDY DESIGN This was a longitudinal analysis of a subsample of 10,063 participants from the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra cohort study. METHODS Group comparisons and Cox proportional hazard models were conducted using the LWB-I, which categorizes the sample into groups with healthy and unhealthy lifestyles and well-being. The main outcome was incident depression as well as secondary outcomes. RESULTS Those classified to the transition category of LWB-I were associated with a hazard ratio of 0.67 (95% confidence interval: 0.52-0.87), and those in the excellent category showed a hazard ratio of 0.44 (95% confidence interval: 0.33-0.58), which in both groups reflects a significantly lower risk of incident depression compared with the group including those classified in the poor LWB-I level. Moreover, the available sensitivity analyses concerning time of depression diagnosis or antidepressant treatment further supported the role of nutrition and physical activity on incident depression. Interestingly, throughout the follow-up, incident depression was inversely related to healthier daily habits as measured by the LWB-I. CONCLUSIONS A global assessment of lifestyles such as the LWB-I provides valuable insight into the complex relationship between lifestyle factors and their link to depression risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Pano
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - C Sayón-Orea
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine-Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona Navarra, Spain; Biomedical Research Center Network on Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn) and Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - M S Hershey
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - V de la O
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine-Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health Program, IMDEA Food Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Fernández-Lázaro
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine-Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - M Bes-Rastrollo
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine-Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Biomedical Research Center Network on Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn) and Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - J-M Martín-Moreno
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, 46010, Valencia, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universitat de Valencia, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Sánchez-Villegas
- Biomedical Research Center Network on Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn) and Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Publica de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; ISFOOD - Institute for Innovation & Sustainable Development in Food Chain. Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - J A Martínez
- Biomedical Research Center Network on Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn) and Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health Program, IMDEA Food Institute, Madrid, Spain; Department of Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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