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Doneda E, Bianchi SE, Pittol V, Kreutz T, Scholl JN, Ibañez IL, Bracalente C, Durán H, Figueiró F, Klamt F, Bassani VL. 3-O-Methylquercetin from Achyrocline satureioides-cytotoxic activity against A375-derived human melanoma cell lines and its incorporation into cyclodextrins-hydrogels for topical administration. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 11:2151-2168. [PMID: 33410099 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-020-00882-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
3-O-Methylquercetin (3OMQ), a natural 3-O-methylflavonoid, was isolated from Achyrocline satureioides and purified using the high-performance counter current chromatography (HPCCC) on a semi-preparative scale. High-purity 3OMQ (98%) was obtained with excellent recovery (81.8% (w/w)) and good yield (190 mg/100 g of plant). Isolated 3OMQ was evaluated against the A375 human amelanotic melanoma cancer cell line and A375-derived with different degrees of aggressiveness (A375-A7, A375-G10, and A375-PCDNA3). The results showed that 3OMQ reduced the cell viability of all strains, demonstrating time- and dose-dependent responses. 3OMQ was used to obtain hydrogels for the topical treatment of melanoma. Thus, 3OMQ was incorporated into hypromellose hydrogels with/without different cyclodextrins (CDs). The 3OMQ formulations showed permeation/retention in all skin layers, namely stratum corneum, epidermis, and dermis. A significant amount of 3OMQ was found in the replication site of the melanoma cells (epidermis and dermis). Altogether, these results demonstrate that 3OMQ can be isolated from Achyrocline satureioides by HPCCC on a semi-preparative scale and exhibit cytotoxic activity against melanoma cells. Its incorporation into an HPMC hydrogel containing HP-β-CD yielded a formulation with excellent technological and biopharmaceutical characteristics for evaluating the topical management of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduarda Doneda
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento Galênico, Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Ipiranga, 90610-000, Porto Alegre, RS, 2752-607, Brazil
| | - Sara Elis Bianchi
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento Galênico, Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Ipiranga, 90610-000, Porto Alegre, RS, 2752-607, Brazil.
| | - Vanessa Pittol
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento Galênico, Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Ipiranga, 90610-000, Porto Alegre, RS, 2752-607, Brazil
| | - Tainá Kreutz
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento Galênico, Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Ipiranga, 90610-000, Porto Alegre, RS, 2752-607, Brazil
| | - Juliete Nathali Scholl
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Ramiro Barcelos, 90035-003, Anexo, Porto Alegre, RS, 2600, Brazil
| | - Irene L Ibañez
- Instituto de Nanociencia Y Nanotecnología Nodo Constituyentes, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (CONICET) Av. General Paz 1499, B1650KNA, San Martín, Buenos Aires, CNEA, Argentina
| | - Candelaria Bracalente
- Instituto de Nanociencia Y Nanotecnología Nodo Constituyentes, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (CONICET) Av. General Paz 1499, B1650KNA, San Martín, Buenos Aires, CNEA, Argentina
| | - Hebe Durán
- Instituto de Nanociencia Y Nanotecnología Nodo Constituyentes, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (CONICET) Av. General Paz 1499, B1650KNA, San Martín, Buenos Aires, CNEA, Argentina.,Universidad Nacional de San Martin, Escuela de Ciencia Y Tecnología, Campus Miguelete, B1650KNA, Villa Lynch, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fabrício Figueiró
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Ramiro Barcelos, 90035-003, Anexo, Porto Alegre, RS, 2600, Brazil.,Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Ramiro Barcelos, 90035-003, Anexo, Porto Alegre, RS, 2600, Brazil
| | - Fábio Klamt
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Ramiro Barcelos, 90035-003, Anexo, Porto Alegre, RS, 2600, Brazil.,Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Ramiro Barcelos, 90035-003, Anexo, Porto Alegre, RS, 2600, Brazil
| | - Valquiria Linck Bassani
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento Galênico, Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Ipiranga, 90610-000, Porto Alegre, RS, 2752-607, Brazil.
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Bracalente C, Mundra P, Rinflerch A, Martinez PG, Volonteri V, Trucco L, Galimberti G, Dhomen N, Rodriguez VP, Marais R. Abstract 3438: Genetic analysis of melanoma from an albino patient. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-3438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Melanoma, the deadliest type of skin cancer, derives from the transformation of melanocytes, which protect the skin from ultraviolet radiation (UVR) through the synthesis of melanin. UVR is the major risk factor for melanoma. Intriguingly, in people with oculocutaneous albinism (OCA), who lack or have a reduction in melanin synthesis melanoma is surprisingly rare, whereas other UVR-driven skin cancers are comparatively high. Since UVR exposure and light skin complexion increase melanoma risk, it is unclear why melanoma is rare in OCA. Therefore, we evaluated how the absence of melanin impact the mutation burden in OCA and identify driver mutations by whole exome sequencing (WES) analysis of melanomas from a patient with OCA.
The patient (in their 50s) presented cutaneous basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in addition to melanoma. The histopathology of one tumor (sample A), located on the left forearm, indicated a desmoplastic nodular melanoma, Clark level III, Breslow of 1 mm and a high mitotic index. The second tumor (sample B) was located on the right knee and presented a superficial spreading melanoma, Clark level II, a Breslow of 0.31 mm and a low mitotic index. For WES, genomic DNA was purified from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections and compared against germline blood. Analysis confirmed a G47D mutation in the TYR gene, which has previously been reported in OCA1B patients. Consistent with sample A coming from an area habitually exposed to UVR, it presented 4874 SNVs and 1556 missense SNVs and a predominant signature 7 mutational process. Similarly, consistent with sample B coming from an area that is habitually protected, it presented only 45 SNVs and 16 missense SNVs and did not present a predominant signature 7 mutational process. Notably, despite the histopathology of the skin adjacent to sample B appeared normal, it presented 39 SNVs and 10 missense SNVs. Intriguingly, all samples harbor NRASQ61K mutations and sample B additionally presented a mutation in NOTCH1, which is more common in SCC. Thus, we show that in OCA, melanomas from a UVR exposed areas present high mutation burden and UV mutational signature, whereas melanomas from UVR protected skin present a low mutation burden. Our data suggest that NRASQ61K is a driver oncogene in melanomas from albinos and that these patients can develop both UVR-driven and UVR-independent melanomas.
Citation Format: Candelaria Bracalente, Piyushkumar Mundra, Adriana Rinflerch, Pablo Garcia Martinez, Victoria Volonteri, Lucas Trucco, Gaston Galimberti, Nathalie Dhomen, Valeria Pavet Rodriguez, Richard Marais. Genetic analysis of melanoma from an albino patient [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3438.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adriana Rinflerch
- 2Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Victoria Volonteri
- 2Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucas Trucco
- 1Cancer Research UK, Manchester Insitute, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Gaston Galimberti
- 2Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nathalie Dhomen
- 1Cancer Research UK, Manchester Insitute, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Richard Marais
- 1Cancer Research UK, Manchester Insitute, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Bracalente C, Rinflerch AR, Ibañez IL, García FM, Volonteri V, Galimberti GN, Klamt F, Durán H. Cofilin-1 levels and intracellular localization are associated with melanoma prognosis in a cohort of patients. Oncotarget 2018; 9:24097-24108. [PMID: 29844875 PMCID: PMC5963619 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is an aggressive cancer with highly metastatic ability. We propose cofilin-1, a key protein in the regulation of actin dynamics and migration, as a prognostic marker. We determined cofilin-1 levels in a retrospective cohort of patients with melanomas and benign lesions of melanocytes (nevi) by immunohistochemistry. Higher cofilin-1 levels were found in malignant melanoma (MM) with Breslow Index (BI)>2 vs MM with BI<2, melanoma in situ (MIS) and nevi and also in MM with metastasis vs MM without detected metastasis. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were performed, clustering patients according to either the type of melanocytic lesions or cofilin-1 level. Survival curves demonstrated worse prognosis of patients with high vs low cofilin-1 levels. TCGA database analysis of melanoma also showed low survival in patients with upregulated cofilin-1 mRNA vs patients without alteration in CFL1 mRNA expression. As cofilin-1 has a dual function depending on its intracellular localization, we evaluated nuclear and cytoplasmic levels of cofilin-1 in melanoma and nevi samples by immunofluorescence. MM with high Breslow index and metastatic cells not only presented cytoplasmic cofilin-1, but also showed this protein at the nucleus. An increase in nuclear/cytoplasmic cofilin-1 mean fluorescence ratio was observed in MM with BI>2 vs MM with BI<2, MIS and nevi. In conclusion, an association of cofilin-1 levels with malignant features and an inverse correlation with survival were demonstrated. Moreover, this study suggests that not only the higher levels of cofilin-1, but also its nuclear localization can be proposed as marker of worse outcome of patients with melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candelaria Bracalente
- Gerencia de Investigación y Aplicaciones, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, (B1650KNA) San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, (C1425FQB) CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adriana R Rinflerch
- Dermatología Experimental, Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, (C1199ABB) CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Irene L Ibañez
- Gerencia de Investigación y Aplicaciones, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, (B1650KNA) San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, (C1425FQB) CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Francisco M García
- Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Campus Miguelete, (B1650HMP) San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Victoria Volonteri
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, (C1199ABB) CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gastón N Galimberti
- Dermatología Experimental, Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, (C1199ABB) CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fabio Klamt
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, (90035 003), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Hebe Durán
- Gerencia de Investigación y Aplicaciones, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, (B1650KNA) San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, (C1425FQB) CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Campus Miguelete, (B1650HMP) San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Elola MT, Ferragut F, Méndez-Huergo SP, Croci DO, Bracalente C, Rabinovich GA. Galectins: Multitask signaling molecules linking fibroblast, endothelial and immune cell programs in the tumor microenvironment. Cell Immunol 2018; 333:34-45. [PMID: 29602445 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tumor cells corrupt surrounding normal cells instructing them to support proliferative, pro-angiogenic and immunosuppressive networks that favor tumorigenesis and metastasis. This dynamic cross-talk is sustained by a range of intracellular signals and extracellular mediators produced by both tumoral and non-tumoral cells. Galectins -whether secreted or intracellularly expressed- play central roles in the tumorigenic process by delivering regulatory signals that contribute to reprogram fibroblasts, endothelial and immune cell programs. Through glycosylation-dependent or independent mechanisms, these endogenous lectins control a variety of cellular events leading to tumor cell proliferation, survival, migration, inflammation, angiogenesis and immune escape. Here we discuss the role of galectin-driven pathways, particularly those activated in non-tumoral stromal cells, in modulating tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- María T Elola
- Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro Paladini (UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1113 Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Fátima Ferragut
- Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro Paladini (UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1113 Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Santiago P Méndez-Huergo
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), C1428 Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego O Croci
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), C1428 Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Laboratorio de Inmunopatología. Instituto de Histología y Embriología "Dr. Marío H. Burgos" (IHEM), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Facultad de Exactas y Naturales, C5500 Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Candelaria Bracalente
- Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro Paladini (UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1113 Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriel A Rabinovich
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), C1428 Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1428 Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Bracalente C, Salguero N, Notcovich C, Müller CB, da Motta LL, Klamt F, Ibañez IL, Durán H. Reprogramming human A375 amelanotic melanoma cells by catalase overexpression: Reversion or promotion of malignancy by inducing melanogenesis or metastasis. Oncotarget 2018; 7:41142-41153. [PMID: 27206672 PMCID: PMC5173048 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer. It is highly metastatic and dysfunctional in melanogenesis; two processes that are induced by H2O2. This work presents a melanoma cell model with low levels of H2O2 induced by catalase overexpression to study differentiation/dedifferentiation processes. Three clones (A7, C10 and G10) of human A375 amelanotic melanoma cells with quite distinct phenotypes were obtained. These clones faced H2O2 scavenging by two main strategies. One developed by clone G10 where ROS increased. This resulted in G10 migration and metastasis associated with the increased of cofilin-1 and CAP1. The other strategy was observed in clone A7 and C10, where ROS levels were maintained reversing malignant features. Particularly, C10 was not tumorigenic, while A7 reversed the amelanotic phenotype by increasing melanin content and melanocytic differentiation markers. These clones allowed the study of potential differentiation and migration markers and its association with ROS levels in vitro and in vivo, providing a new melanoma model with different degree of malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candelaria Bracalente
- Departamento de Micro y Nanotecnología, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, San Martín, Buenos Aires, B1650KNA, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Buenos Aires, C1033AAJ, Argentina
| | - Noelia Salguero
- Departamento de Micro y Nanotecnología, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, San Martín, Buenos Aires, B1650KNA, Argentina
| | - Cintia Notcovich
- Departamento de Micro y Nanotecnología, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, San Martín, Buenos Aires, B1650KNA, Argentina
| | - Carolina B Müller
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 90035 003, Brasil
| | - Leonardo L da Motta
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 90035 003, Brasil
| | - Fabio Klamt
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 90035 003, Brasil
| | - Irene L Ibañez
- Departamento de Micro y Nanotecnología, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, San Martín, Buenos Aires, B1650KNA, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Buenos Aires, C1033AAJ, Argentina
| | - Hebe Durán
- Departamento de Micro y Nanotecnología, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, San Martín, Buenos Aires, B1650KNA, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Buenos Aires, C1033AAJ, Argentina.,Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, San Martín, Buenos Aires, B1650HMP, Argentina
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Bracalente C, Ibañez IL, Berenstein A, Notcovich C, Cerda MB, Klamt F, Chernomoretz A, Durán H. Reprogramming human A375 amelanotic melanoma cells by catalase overexpression: Upregulation of antioxidant genes correlates with regression of melanoma malignancy and with malignant progression when downregulated. Oncotarget 2018; 7:41154-41171. [PMID: 27206673 PMCID: PMC5173049 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated in tumor transformation. The antioxidant system (AOS) protects cells from ROS damage. However, it is also hijacked by cancers cells to proliferate within the tumor. Thus, identifying proteins altered by redox imbalance in cancer cells is an attractive prognostic and therapeutic tool. Gene expression microarrays in A375 melanoma cells with different ROS levels after overexpressing catalase were performed. Dissimilar phenotypes by differential compensation to hydrogen peroxide scavenging were generated. The melanotic A375-A7 (A7) upregulated TYRP1, CNTN1 and UCHL1 promoting melanogenesis. The metastatic A375-G10 (G10) downregulated MTSS1 and TIAM1, proteins absent in metastasis. Moreover, differential coexpression of AOS genes (EPHX2, GSTM3, MGST1, MSRA, TXNRD3, MGST3 and GSR) was found in A7 and G10. Their increase in A7 improved its AOS ability and therefore, oxidative stress response, resembling less aggressive tumor cells. Meanwhile, their decrease in G10 revealed a disruption in the AOS and therefore, enhanced its metastatic capacity. These gene signatures, not only bring new insights into the physiopathology of melanoma, but also could be relevant in clinical prognostic to classify between non aggressive and metastatic melanomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candelaria Bracalente
- Departamento de Micro y Nanotecnología, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Irene L Ibañez
- Departamento de Micro y Nanotecnología, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ariel Berenstein
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and Departamento de Física, Facultad Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cintia Notcovich
- Departamento de Micro y Nanotecnología, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María B Cerda
- Departamento de Micro y Nanotecnología, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fabio Klamt
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Ariel Chernomoretz
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and Departamento de Física, Facultad Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hebe Durán
- Departamento de Micro y Nanotecnología, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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7
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Mundra PA, Bracalente C, Trucco L, Dhomen N, Marais R. Abstract 1561: Gene expression analysis identifies heterogeneity in cutaneous melanoma subjects with disruptive MC1R alleles and BRAF hotspot mutations. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-1561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Previous epidemiological and population sequencing studies have established that subjects with melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) germline mutations, associated with red hair and light skin phenotypes, have an increased risk of melanoma. However, several conflicting reports about the role of BRAF somatic mutations in MC1R subjects exist in the literature. We hypothesise that this conflict is due to biological process driven heterogeneity within MC1R subjects carrying disruptive alleles. To understand the heterogeneity, we analysed the TCGA cohort at the gene expression level using mRNA sequencing data.
Method: From the previously published studies, we identified 68 cutaneous melanoma subjects who were of white ethinicity, had at least one disruptive allele of MC1R, and had BRAF mutations. Associated clinical and mRNA sequencing data were downloaded from the Firebrowse website. An unbiased hierarchical clustering analysis was performed using the preprocessed mRNA data containing 14669 gene expressions. The resultant clusters were then characterised using available clinical variables. A differential expression analysis was performed to identify the genomic signatures of these clusters. The resultant p-values were corrected for false discovery rate (FDR) using the Benjamini-Hochberg approach. Genes with corrected p-values less than 0.01 were further analysed using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) preranked lists.
Results: An unbiased clustering identified two clear and separable clusters with 40 and 28 subjects respectively. The UV-signature (dipyrimidine C>T load) was correlated with these clusters (p-value = 0.047). However, no significant differences in age at the time of diagnosis, overall survival, and total mutation load between clusters were observed. At the genomic level, 2588 genes were significantly differentially expressed between two clusters (FDR corrected p- value less than 0.05). The top 10 differentially expressed genes included ATF2, MSH6, SP3, MAP3K2, and VEGFB. Further GSEA revealed gene sets playing roles in several pathways and biological processes, including oxidative phosphorylation, UV response in keratinocytes, DNA repair, cell cycle, and cellular response to stress.
Conclusion: Cutaneous melanoma subjects with disruptive MC1R alleles and BRAF hotspot mutations have heterogeneous gene expression profiles with several key oncogenes differentially expressed. This suggests potential roles of other pathways, either independently or in cooperation with BRAF mutations, in melanomagenesis in MC1R bearing patients.
Citation Format: Piyushkumar A. Mundra, Candelaria Bracalente, Lucas Trucco, Nathalie Dhomen, Richard Marais. Gene expression analysis identifies heterogeneity in cutaneous melanoma subjects with disruptive MC1R alleles and BRAF hotspot mutations [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1561. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-1561
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lucas Trucco
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Nathalie Dhomen
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Marais
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Fernández MM, Ferragut F, Cárdenas Delgado VM, Bracalente C, Bravo AI, Cagnoni AJ, Nuñez M, Morosi LG, Quinta HR, Espelt MV, Troncoso MF, Wolfenstein-Todel C, Mariño KV, Malchiodi EL, Rabinovich GA, Elola MT. Glycosylation-dependent binding of galectin-8 to activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166) promotes its surface segregation on breast cancer cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1860:2255-68. [PMID: 27130882 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously demonstrated that the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166) can interact with galectin-8 (Gal-8) in endothelial cells. ALCAM is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily that promotes homophilic and heterophilic cell-cell interactions. Gal-8 is a "tandem-repeat"-type galectin, known as a matricellular protein involved in cell adhesion. Here, we analyzed the physical interaction between both molecules in breast cancer cells and the functional relevance of this phenomenon. METHODS We performed binding assays by surface plasmon resonance to study the interaction between Gal-8 and the recombinant glycosylated ALCAM ectodomain or endogenous ALCAM from MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. We also analyzed the binding of ALCAM-silenced or control breast cancer cells to immobilized Gal-8 by SPR. In internalization assays, we evaluated the influence of Gal-8 on ALCAM surface localization. RESULTS We showed that recombinant glycosylated ALCAM and endogenous ALCAM from breast carcinoma cells physically interacted with Gal-8 in a glycosylation-dependent fashion displaying a differential behavior compared to non-glycosylated ALCAM. Moreover, ALCAM-silenced breast cancer cells exhibited reduced binding to Gal-8 relative to control cells. Importantly, exogenously added Gal-8 provoked ALCAM segregation, probably trapping this adhesion molecule at the surface of breast cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that Gal-8 interacts with ALCAM at the surface of breast cancer cells through glycosylation-dependent mechanisms. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE A novel heterophilic interaction between ALCAM and Gal-8 is demonstrated here, suggesting its physiologic relevance in the biology of breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa M Fernández
- Institute of Studies in Humoral Immunology, University of Buenos Aires (UBA) and National Council Research (CONICET), Microbiology, Immunology and Biotechnology Department, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fátima Ferragut
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IQUIFIB), UBA-CONICET, Biological Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Víctor M Cárdenas Delgado
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IQUIFIB), UBA-CONICET, Biological Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Candelaria Bracalente
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IQUIFIB), UBA-CONICET, Biological Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alicia I Bravo
- Molecular Pathology Department, "Eva Perón" HIGA Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro J Cagnoni
- Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Glycomics, Institute of Biology and Experimental Medicine (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Myriam Nuñez
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luciano G Morosi
- Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Glycomics, Institute of Biology and Experimental Medicine (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Laboratory of Immunopathology, IBYME, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Héctor R Quinta
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IQUIFIB), UBA-CONICET, Biological Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María V Espelt
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IQUIFIB), UBA-CONICET, Biological Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María F Troncoso
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IQUIFIB), UBA-CONICET, Biological Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlota Wolfenstein-Todel
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IQUIFIB), UBA-CONICET, Biological Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Karina V Mariño
- Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Glycomics, Institute of Biology and Experimental Medicine (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Emilio L Malchiodi
- Institute of Studies in Humoral Immunology, University of Buenos Aires (UBA) and National Council Research (CONICET), Microbiology, Immunology and Biotechnology Department, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriel A Rabinovich
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, IBYME, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María T Elola
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IQUIFIB), UBA-CONICET, Biological Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Bracalente C, Ibañez IL, Molinari B, Palmieri M, Kreiner A, Valda A, Davidson J, Durán H. Induction and persistence of large γH2AX foci by high linear energy transfer radiation in DNA-dependent protein kinase-deficient cells. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2013; 87:785-94. [PMID: 23972723 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Revised: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the cell response to DNA double-strand breaks induced by low and high linear energy transfer (LET) radiations when the catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PKcs), an essential protein of the nonhomologous end-joining repair pathway, lacks kinase activity. METHODS AND MATERIALS CHO10B2, a Chinese hamster ovary cell line, and its derived radiosensitive mutant cell line, irs-20, lacking DNA-PKcs activity, were evaluated after 0 to 3 Gy of γ-rays, plateau and Bragg peak protons, and lithium beams by clonogenic assay, and as a measurement of double-strand breaks, phosphorylated H2AX (γH2AX) foci number and size were quantified by immunocytofluorescence. RESULTS Irs-20 exhibited greater radiosensitivity and a higher amount of γH2AX foci than CHO10B2 at 6 hours after irradiation for all types of radiations. Remarkably, CHO10B2 and irs-20 maintained their difference in radiosensitivity after high-LET radiation. Six hours after low-LET radiations, irs-20 did not reach basal levels of γH2AX at high doses, whereas CHO10B2 recovered basal levels for all doses. After high-LET radiation, only CHO10B2 exhibited a reduction in γH2AX foci, but it never reached basal levels. Persistent foci in irs-20 confirmed a repair deficiency. Interestingly, after 30 minutes of high-LET radiation both cell lines exhibited large foci (size>0.9 μm2) related to the damage nature, whereas at 6 hours irs-20 showed a higher amount of large foci than CHO10B2, with a 7-fold increase at 3 Gy, that could also be associated to radiosensitivity. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated, for the first time, an association between deficient DNA-PKcs activity and not only high levels of H2AX phosphorylation but also persistence and size increase of γH2AX foci after high-LET irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candelaria Bracalente
- Departamento de Micro y Nanotecnología, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Ibañez IL, Policastro LL, Tropper I, Bracalente C, Palmieri MA, Rojas PA, Molinari BL, Durán H. H2O2 scavenging inhibits G1/S transition by increasing nuclear levels of p27KIP1. Cancer Lett 2011; 305:58-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2011.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2010] [Revised: 02/15/2011] [Accepted: 02/16/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Ibañez IL, Bracalente C, Molinari BL, Palmieri MA, Policastro L, Kreiner AJ, Burlón AA, Valda A, Navalesi D, Davidson J, Davidson M, Vázquez M, Ozafrán M, Durán H. Induction and Rejoining of DNA Double Strand Breaks Assessed by H2AX Phosphorylation in Melanoma Cells Irradiated with Proton and Lithium Beams. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009; 74:1226-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.02.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2008] [Revised: 02/23/2009] [Accepted: 02/27/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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