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Francisqueti FV, Nascimento AF, Minatel IO, Dias MC, Luvizotto RDAM, Berchieri-Ronchi C, Ferreira ALA, Corrêa CR. Metabolic syndrome and inflammation in adipose tissue occur at different times in animals submitted to a high-sugar/fat diet. J Nutr Sci 2017; 6:e41. [PMID: 29152245 PMCID: PMC5672321 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2017.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with low-grade inflammation, triggered in adipose tissue, which may occur due to an excess of SFA from the diet that can be recognised by Toll-like receptor-4. This condition is involved in the development of components of the metabolic syndrome associated with obesity, especially insulin resistance. The aim of the study was to evaluate the manifestation of the metabolic syndrome and adipose tissue inflammation as a function of the period of time in which rats were submitted to a high-sugar/fat diet (HSF). Male Wistar rats were divided into six groups to receive the control diet (C) or the HSF for 6, 12 or 24 weeks. HSF increased the adiposity index in all HSF groups compared with the C group. HSF was associated with higher plasma TAG, glucose, insulin and leptin levels. Homeostasis model assessment increased in HSF compared with C rats at 24 weeks. Both TNF-α and IL-6 were elevated in the epididymal adipose tissue of HSF rats at 24 weeks compared with HSF at 6 weeks and C at 24 weeks. Only the HSF group at 24 weeks showed increased expression of both Toll-like receptor-4 and NF-κB. More inflammatory cells were found in the HSF group at 24 weeks. We can conclude that the metabolic syndrome occurs independently of the inflammatory response in adipose tissue and that inflammation is associated with hypertrophy of adipocytes, which varies according to duration of exposure to the HSF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Igor Otávio Minatel
- São Paulo State University, Institute of Bioscience, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos Correa Dias
- Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Sinop, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ana Lúcia A. Ferreira
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Renata Corrêa
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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Correa CR, Chen CYO, Aldini G, Rasmussen H, Ronchi CF, Berchieri-Ronchi C, Cho SM, Blumberg JB, Yeum KJ. Bioavailability of plant pigment phytochemicals in Angelica keiskei in older adults: A pilot absorption kinetic study. Nutr Res Pract 2014; 8:550-7. [PMID: 25324936 PMCID: PMC4198969 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2014.8.5.550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Revised: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Angelica keiskei is a green leafy vegetable rich in plant pigment phytochemicals such as flavonoids and carotenoids. This study examined bioavailability of flavonoids and carotenoids in Angelica keiskei and the alteration of the antioxidant performance in vivo. SUBJECTS AND MATERIALS Absorption kinetics of phytochemicals in Angelica keiskei were determined in healthy older adults (> 60 y, n = 5) and subjects with metabolic syndrome (n = 5). Subjects consumed 5 g dry Angelica keiskei powder encapsulated in gelatin capsules with a low flavonoid and carotenoid liquid meal. Plasma samples were collected at baseline, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 h. Samples were analyzed for flavonoids and carotenoids using HPLC systems with electrochemical and UV detection, respectively, and for total antioxidant performance by fluorometry. RESULTS After ingestion of Angelica keiskei increases in plasma quercetin concentrations were observed at 1-3 and 6-8 hr in the healthy group and at all time points in the metabolic syndrome group compared to baseline (P < 0.05). Plasma lutein concentrations were significantly elevated in both the healthy and metabolic syndrome groups at 8 hr (P < 0.05). Significant increases in total antioxidant performance were also observed in both the healthy and the metabolic syndrome groups compared to baseline (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Findings of this study clearly demonstrate the bioavailability of phytonutrients of Angelica keiskei and their ability to increase antioxidant status in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila R Correa
- Jean Mayer USDA- Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington St., Boston, MA 02111, USA. ; Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Distrito Rubiao Jr. s/n, 18618-970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - C-Y Oliver Chen
- Jean Mayer USDA- Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington St., Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Giancarlo Aldini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Helen Rasmussen
- Jean Mayer USDA- Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington St., Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Carlos F Ronchi
- Jean Mayer USDA- Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington St., Boston, MA 02111, USA. ; Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Distrito Rubiao Jr. s/n, 18618-970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina Berchieri-Ronchi
- Jean Mayer USDA- Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington St., Boston, MA 02111, USA. ; Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Distrito Rubiao Jr. s/n, 18618-970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Soo-Muk Cho
- National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-853, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeffrey B Blumberg
- Jean Mayer USDA- Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington St., Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Kyung-Jin Yeum
- College of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Konkuk University, Chungju-si, 380-701, Republic of Korea
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