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Browne J, Wu WC, Jiang L, Singh M, Bozzay ML, Kunicki ZJ, Bayer TA, De Vito AN, Primack JM, McGeary JE, Kelso CM, Rudolph JL. Lower odds of successful community discharge after medical hospitalization for Veterans with schizophrenia: A retrospective cohort study of national data. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 173:58-63. [PMID: 38489871 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Medical comorbidity, particularly cardiovascular diseases, contributes to high rates of hospital admission and early mortality in people with schizophrenia. The 30 days following hospital discharge represents a critical period for mitigating adverse outcomes. This study examined the odds of successful community discharge among Veterans with schizophrenia compared to those with major affective disorders and those without serious mental illness (SMI) after a heart failure hospital admission. Data for Veterans hospitalized for heart failure were obtained from the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) and Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services between 2011 and 2019. Psychiatric diagnoses and medical comorbidities were assessed in the year prior to hospitalization. Successful community discharge was defined as remaining in the community without hospital readmission, death, or hospice for 30 days after hospital discharge. Logistic regression analyses adjusting for relevant factors were used to examine whether individuals with a schizophrenia diagnosis showed lower odds of successful community discharge versus both comparison groups. Out of 309,750 total Veterans in the sample, 7377 (2.4%) had schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and 32,472 (10.5%) had major affective disorders (bipolar disorder or recurrent major depressive disorder). Results from adjusted logistic regression analyses demonstrated significantly lower odds of successful community discharge for Veterans with schizophrenia compared to the non-SMI (Odds Ratio [OR]: 0.63; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 0.60, 0.66) and major affective disorders (OR: 0.65, 95%; CI: 0.62, 0.69) groups. Intervention efforts should target the transition from hospital to home in the subgroup of Veterans with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Browne
- Center of Innovation in Long Term Services and Supports, VA Providence Healthcare System, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
| | - Wen-Chih Wu
- Medical Service, VA Providence Healthcare System, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Lan Jiang
- Center of Innovation in Long Term Services and Supports, VA Providence Healthcare System, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Mriganka Singh
- Center of Innovation in Long Term Services and Supports, VA Providence Healthcare System, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Melanie L Bozzay
- Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Zachary J Kunicki
- Center of Innovation in Long Term Services and Supports, VA Providence Healthcare System, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Thomas A Bayer
- Center of Innovation in Long Term Services and Supports, VA Providence Healthcare System, Providence, RI, USA; Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Alyssa N De Vito
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Memory and Aging Program, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jennifer M Primack
- Center of Innovation in Long Term Services and Supports, VA Providence Healthcare System, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - John E McGeary
- Center of Innovation in Long Term Services and Supports, VA Providence Healthcare System, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Catherine M Kelso
- Veterans Health Administration, Office of Patient Care Services, Geriatrics and Extended Care, Washington DC, USA
| | - James L Rudolph
- Center of Innovation in Long Term Services and Supports, VA Providence Healthcare System, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Health Services, Policy & Practice, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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Browne J, Rudolph JL, Jiang L, Bayer TA, Kunicki ZJ, De Vito AN, Bozzay ML, McGeary JE, Kelso CM, Wu WC. Serious mental illness is associated with elevated risk of hospital readmission in veterans with heart failure. J Psychosom Res 2024; 178:111604. [PMID: 38309130 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2024.111604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adults with serious mental illness (SMI) have high rates of cardiovascular disease, particularly heart failure, which contribute to premature mortality. The aims were to examine 90- and 365-day all-cause medical or surgical hospital readmission in Veterans with SMI discharged from a heart failure hospitalization. The exploratory aim was to evaluate 180-day post-discharge engagement in cardiac rehabilitation, an effective intervention for heart failure. METHODS This study used administrative data from the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) and Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services between 2011 and 2019. SMI status and medical comorbidity were assessed in the year prior to hospitalization. Cox proportional hazards models (competing risk of death) were used to evaluate the relationship between SMI status and outcomes. Models were adjusted for VHA hospital site, demographics, and medical characteristics. RESULTS The sample comprised 189,767 Veterans of which 23,671 (12.5%) had SMI. Compared to those without SMI, Veterans with SMI had significantly higher readmission rates at 90 (16.1% vs. 13.9%) and 365 (42.6% vs. 37.1%) days. After adjustment, risk of readmission remained significant (90 days: HR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.11; 365 days: HR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.12). SMI status was not significantly associated with 180-day cardiac rehabilitation engagement (HR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.91, 1.07). CONCLUSIONS Veterans with SMI and heart failure have higher 90- and 365-day hospital readmission rates even after adjustment. There were no differences in cardiac rehabilitation engagement based on SMI status. Future work should consider a broader range of post-discharge interventions to understand contributors to readmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Browne
- Center of Innovation in Long Term Services and Supports, VA Providence Healthcare System, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
| | - James L Rudolph
- Center of Innovation in Long Term Services and Supports, VA Providence Healthcare System, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Health Services, Policy & Practice, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Lan Jiang
- Center of Innovation in Long Term Services and Supports, VA Providence Healthcare System, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Thomas A Bayer
- Center of Innovation in Long Term Services and Supports, VA Providence Healthcare System, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Zachary J Kunicki
- Center of Innovation in Long Term Services and Supports, VA Providence Healthcare System, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Alyssa N De Vito
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Memory and Aging Program, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Melanie L Bozzay
- Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - John E McGeary
- Center of Innovation in Long Term Services and Supports, VA Providence Healthcare System, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Catherine M Kelso
- Veterans Health Administration, Office of Patient Care Services, Geriatrics and Extended Care, Washington DC, USA
| | - Wen-Chih Wu
- Medical Service, VA Providence Healthcare System, Providence, RI, USA
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Bayer TA, Jiang L, Kunicki ZJ, Quinn M, De Vito AN, Kelso CM, Rudolph JL, Sullivan JL. Identifying Alzheimer's disease and related disorders via diagnostic codes in Veterans with heart failure. J Am Geriatr Soc 2024; 72:949-952. [PMID: 38059373 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.18701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Bayer
- Providence VA Medical Center, Long-Term Services and Supports Center of Innovation, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Lan Jiang
- Providence VA Medical Center, Long-Term Services and Supports Center of Innovation, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Zachary J Kunicki
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - McKenzie Quinn
- Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Alyssa N De Vito
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Catherine M Kelso
- Veterans Health Administration, Office of Patient Care Services, Geriatrics and Extended Care, Washington, DC, USA
| | - James L Rudolph
- Providence VA Medical Center, Long-Term Services and Supports Center of Innovation, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Department of Health Services Policy, and Practice, Brown School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Jennifer L Sullivan
- Providence VA Medical Center, Long-Term Services and Supports Center of Innovation, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
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Kunicki ZJ, Bayer T, Jiang L, Bozzay ML, Quinn MJ, De Vito AN, Emrani S, Erqou S, McGeary JE, Zullo AR, Duprey MS, Singh M, Primack JM, Kelso CM, Wu WC, Rudolph JL. Comparing Lookback Periods to Ascertain Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2023; 38:15333175231199566. [PMID: 37650437 PMCID: PMC10623942 DOI: 10.1177/15333175231199566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Claims data are a valuable resource for studying Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). Alzheimer's disease and related dementias is often identified using a list of claims codes and a fixed lookback period of 3 years of data. However, a 1-year lookback or an approach using all-available lookback data could be beneficial based on different research questions. Thus, the purpose of this study was to compare 1-year and all-available lookback approaches to ascertaining ADRD compared to the standard 3-year approach. Using a cohort of Veterans hospitalized for heart failure (N = 373, 897), our results suggested high agreement (93% or greater) between the lookback periods. The 1-year lookback period had lower sensitivity (60%) and underestimated the prevalence of ADRD. These results suggest that 1-year and all-available lookback periods are viable approaches when using claims data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary J. Kunicki
- Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- VA Center of Innovation in Long Term Services, Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Thomas Bayer
- VA Center of Innovation in Long Term Services, Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Lan Jiang
- VA Center of Innovation in Long Term Services, Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | - McKenzie J. Quinn
- VA RR&D Center for Neurorestoration and Neurotechnology, Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Alyssa N. De Vito
- Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Sheina Emrani
- Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Sebhat Erqou
- Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- VA RR&D Center for Neurorestoration and Neurotechnology, Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA
| | - John E. McGeary
- Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- VA Center of Innovation in Long Term Services, Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Andrew R. Zullo
- VA Center of Innovation in Long Term Services, Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Health Services, Policy, and Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | - Mriganka Singh
- VA Center of Innovation in Long Term Services, Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Health Services, Policy, and Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jennifer M. Primack
- Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- VA Center of Innovation in Long Term Services, Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Catherine M. Kelso
- VA RR&D Center for Neurorestoration and Neurotechnology, Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA
- Office of Patient Care Services, Geriatrics and Extended Care, Veterans Health Administration, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Wen-Chih Wu
- VA Center of Innovation in Long Term Services, Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - James L. Rudolph
- VA Center of Innovation in Long Term Services, Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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Nedelescu H, Kelso CM, Lázaro-Muñoz G, Purpura M, Cain CK, Ledoux JE, Aoki C. Endogenous GluR1-containing AMPA receptors translocate to asymmetric synapses in the lateral amygdala during the early phase of fear memory formation: an electron microscopic immunocytochemical study. J Comp Neurol 2011; 518:4723-39. [PMID: 20963825 DOI: 10.1002/cne.22472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Although glutamate receptor 1 (GluR1)-containing α-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate receptors (GluR1-AMPARs) are implicated in synaptic plasticity, it has yet to be demonstrated whether endogenous GluR1-AMPARs undergo activity-dependent trafficking in vivo to synapses to support short-term memory (STM) formation. The paradigm of pavlovian fear conditioning (FC) can be used to address this question, because a discrete region-the lateral amygdala (LA)-has been shown unambiguously to be necessary for the formation of the associative memory between a neutral stimulus (tone [CS]) and a noxious stimulus (foot shock [US]). Acquisition of STM for FC can occur even in the presence of protein synthesis inhibitors, indicating that redistribution of pre-existing molecules to synaptic junctions underlies STM. We employed electron microscopic immunocytochemistry to evaluate alterations in the distribution of endogenous AMPAR subunits at LA synapses during the STM phase of FC. Rats were sacrificed 40 minutes following three CS-US pairings. In the LA of paired animals, relative to naïve animals, the proportion of GluR1-AMPAR-labeled synapses increased 99% at spines and 167% in shafts. In the LA of unpaired rats, for which the CS was never associated with the US, GluR1 immunoreactivity decreased 84% at excitatory shaft synapses. GluR2/3 immunoreactivity at excitatory synapses did not change detectably following paired or unpaired conditioning. Thus, the early phase of FC involves rapid redistribution specifically of the GluR1-AMPARs to the postsynaptic membranes in the LA, together with the rapid translocation of GluR1-AMPARs from remote sites into the spine head cytoplasm, yielding behavior changes that are specific to stimulus contingencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermina Nedelescu
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA
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Kelso CM, Flammer PD, DeSanto JA, Collins RT. Integral equations applied to wave propagation in two dimensions: modeling the tip of a near-field scanning optical microscope. J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis 2001; 18:1993-2001. [PMID: 11488505 DOI: 10.1364/josaa.18.001993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We present a Green's-function/Green's-theorem integral equation approach to numerically modeling two-dimensional, s-polarized, wave propagation problems effectively for a variety of geometries. The model accurately calculates both near fields and far fields because of the minimal assumptions made on the behavior of the scattered radiation. The method was applied to modeling light emission from a near-field scanning optical microscope fiber tip. Several convergence and energy tests were used to give confidence in the results. The behavior of intensity and power near the tip was investigated. The effects of changing the dielectric constant of a sample material located below the tip were also examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Kelso
- Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden 80401, USA
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Peek JC, Gilchrist SJ, Kelso CM, Quinn PJ. Comparison of three cryoprotective solutions for human semen. Clin Reprod Fertil 1982; 1:301-5. [PMID: 6892336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Three media for human semen were tested--(1) HAMS F10 supplemented with fructose, glycine and glycerol (MHAMS), (2) another chemically defined medium, but specifically designed for human semen (HSPM) and (3) medium containing egg yolk (EYCM). Twenty ejaculates of donor quality were divided into three aliquots, each aliquot was mixed with a different medium, the solutions were vapour frozen, and stored at -196 degrees C. Motility and quality of motility were measured 0.5 h and 3 h after thawing. Average cryosurvivals 0.5 h after thawing for MHAMS, HSPM and EYCM were 44.1 (s.d. = 17.0)%, 56.0 (s.d. = 15.3)% and 66.0 (s.d. = 10.8)%, respectively; the proportions of ejaculates with cryosurvival below 50% were 11/20, 5/20 and 1/20 respectively. The results indicated that the EYCM medium had clear advantages over other cryoprotective solutions for use in a spermatozoa freezing programme.
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