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Fernandes VDS, da Rosa R, Zimmermann LA, Rogério KR, Kümmerle AE, Bernardes LSC, Graebin CS. Antiprotozoal agents: How have they changed over a decade? Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2021; 355:e2100338. [PMID: 34661935 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202100338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Neglected tropical diseases are a diverse group of communicable diseases that are endemic in low- or low-to-middle-income countries located in tropical and subtropical zones. The number and availability of drugs for treating these diseases are low, the administration route is inconvenient in some cases, and most of them have safety, efficacy, or adverse/toxic reaction issues. The need for developing new drugs to deal with these issues is clear, but one of the most drastic consequences of this negligence is the lack of interest in the research and development of new therapeutic options among major pharmaceutical companies. Positive changes have been achieved over the last few years, although the overall situation remains alarming. After more than one decade since the original work reviewing antiprotozoal agents came to light, now it is time to question ourselves: How has the scenario for the treatment of protozoal diseases such as malaria, leishmaniasis, human African trypanosomiasis, and American trypanosomiasis changed? This review covers the last decade in terms of the drugs currently available for the treatment of these diseases as well as the clinical candidates being currently investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitória de Souza Fernandes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Rafael da Rosa
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diversity Laboratory, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lara A Zimmermann
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diversity Laboratory, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Kamilla R Rogério
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Arthur E Kümmerle
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Lilian S C Bernardes
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diversity Laboratory, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cedric S Graebin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Graebin CS, Ribeiro FV, Rogério KR, Kümmerle AE. Multicomponent Reactions for the Synthesis of Bioactive Compounds: A Review. Curr Org Synth 2019; 16:855-899. [DOI: 10.2174/1570179416666190718153703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) are composed of three or more reagents in which the final
product has all or most of the carbon atoms from its starting materials. These reactions represent, in the
medicinal chemistry context, great potential in the research for new bioactive compounds, since their products
can present great structural complexity. The aim of this review is to present the main multicomponent reactions
since the original report by Strecker in 1850 from nowadays, covering their evolution, highlighting their
significance in the discovery of new bioactive compounds. The use of MCRs is, indeed, a growing field of
interest in the synthesis of bioactive compounds and approved drugs, with several examples of commerciallyavailable
drugs that are (or can be) obtained through these protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cedric S. Graebin
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropedica, Brazil
| | - Felipe V. Ribeiro
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropedica, Brazil
| | | | - Arthur E. Kümmerle
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropedica, Brazil
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Magalhaes LG, Marques FB, da Fonseca MB, Rogério KR, Graebin CS, Andricopulo AD. Discovery of a Series of Acridinones as Mechanism-Based Tubulin Assembly Inhibitors with Anticancer Activity. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160842. [PMID: 27508497 PMCID: PMC4980028 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubules play critical roles in vital cell processes, including cell growth, division, and migration. Microtubule-targeting small molecules are chemotherapeutic agents that are widely used in the treatment of cancer. Many of these compounds are structurally complex natural products (e.g., paclitaxel, vinblastine, and vincristine) with multiple stereogenic centers. Because of the scarcity of their natural sources and the difficulty of their partial or total synthesis, as well as problems related to their bioavailability, toxicity, and resistance, there is an urgent need for novel microtubule binding agents that are effective for treating cancer but do not have these disadvantages. In the present work, our lead discovery effort toward less structurally complex synthetic compounds led to the discovery of a series of acridinones inspired by the structure of podophyllotoxin, a natural product with important microtubule assembly inhibitory activity, as novel mechanism-based tubulin assembly inhibitors with potent anticancer properties and low toxicity. The compounds were evaluated in vitro by wound healing assays employing the metastatic and triple negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. Four compounds with IC50 values between 0.294 and 1.7 μM were identified. These compounds showed selective cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 and DU-145 cancer cell lines and promoted cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase and apoptosis. Consistent with molecular modeling results, the acridinones inhibited tubulin assembly in in vitro polymerization assays with IC50 values between 0.9 and 13 μM. Their binding to the colchicine-binding site of tubulin was confirmed through competitive assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luma G. Magalhaes
- Laboratório de Química Medicinal e Computacional, Centro de Pesquisa e Inovação em Biodiversidade e Fármacos, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, 13563–120, São Carlos-SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando B. Marques
- Laboratório de Diversidade Molecular e Química Medicinal, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 23897–000, Seropédica-RJ, Brazil
| | - Marina B. da Fonseca
- Laboratório de Diversidade Molecular e Química Medicinal, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 23897–000, Seropédica-RJ, Brazil
| | - Kamilla R. Rogério
- Laboratório de Diversidade Molecular e Química Medicinal, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 23897–000, Seropédica-RJ, Brazil
| | - Cedric S. Graebin
- Laboratório de Diversidade Molecular e Química Medicinal, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 23897–000, Seropédica-RJ, Brazil
| | - Adriano D. Andricopulo
- Laboratório de Química Medicinal e Computacional, Centro de Pesquisa e Inovação em Biodiversidade e Fármacos, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, 13563–120, São Carlos-SP, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Arantes PR, Sachett LG, Graebin CS, Verli H. Conformational characterization of ipomotaosides and their recognition by COX-1 and 2. Molecules 2014; 19:5421-33. [PMID: 24879586 PMCID: PMC6270740 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19045421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aerial parts of Ipomoea batatas are described herein to produce four new resin glycosides, designated as ipomotaosides A, B, C, and D. Ipomotaoside A was found to present inhibitory activity on both cyclooxygenases. However, the conformational elucidation of these molecules may be difficult due to their high flexibility. In this context, the current work presents a conformational characterization of ipomotaosides A-D in aqueous and nonaqueous solvents. The employed protocol includes metadynamics evaluation and unrestrained molecular dynamics simulations (MD). The obtained data provided structural models for the ipomotaosides in good agreement with previous ROESY distances measured in pyridine. Accordingly, the most abundant conformation of ipomotaoside A in solution was employed in flexible docking studies, providing a structural basis for the compound's inhibition of COX enzymes. The so-obtained complex supports resin glycosides' role as original scaffolds for future studies, aiming at structural optimization and development of potential new anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo R Arantes
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9500, CP 15005, Porto Alegre, RS 91500-970, Brazil.
| | - Liana G Sachett
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9500, CP 15005, Porto Alegre, RS 91500-970, Brazil.
| | - Cedric S Graebin
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Seropedica, RJ 23897-000, Brazil.
| | - Hugo Verli
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9500, CP 15005, Porto Alegre, RS 91500-970, Brazil.
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de Paula FT, Frauches PQ, Pedebos C, Berger M, Gnoatto SCB, Gossmann G, Verli H, Guimarães JA, Graebin CS. Improving the Thrombin Inhibitory Activity of Glycyrrhizin, a Triterpenic Saponin, Through a Molecular Simplification of the Carbohydrate Moiety. Chem Biol Drug Des 2013; 82:756-60. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Revised: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando T. de Paula
- Laboratório de Diversidade Molecular e Química Medicinal (LaDMol-QM); Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas; Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro; Rodovia BR-465 Km. 7 Seropédica RJ 23897-000 Brazil
| | - Petrina Q. Frauches
- Laboratório de Diversidade Molecular e Química Medicinal (LaDMol-QM); Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas; Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro; Rodovia BR-465 Km. 7 Seropédica RJ 23897-000 Brazil
| | - Conrado Pedebos
- Grupo de Bioinformática Estrutural; Centro de Biotecnologia; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Prédios 43431 - Setor IV - Campus do Vale - P.O. Box 15005 Porto Alegre RS 91501-970 Brazil
| | - Markus Berger
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Farmacológica; Centro de Biotecnologia; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Prédios 43431 - Setor IV - Campus do Vale - P.O. Box 15005 Porto Alegre RS 91501-970 Brazil
| | - Simone C. B. Gnoatto
- Laboratório de Fitoquímica; Faculdade de Farmácia; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Av. Ipiranga 2752 Porto Alegre RS 90610-000 Brazil
| | - Grace Gossmann
- Laboratório de Fitoquímica; Faculdade de Farmácia; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Av. Ipiranga 2752 Porto Alegre RS 90610-000 Brazil
| | - Hugo Verli
- Grupo de Bioinformática Estrutural; Centro de Biotecnologia; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Prédios 43431 - Setor IV - Campus do Vale - P.O. Box 15005 Porto Alegre RS 91501-970 Brazil
| | - Jorge A. Guimarães
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Farmacológica; Centro de Biotecnologia; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Prédios 43431 - Setor IV - Campus do Vale - P.O. Box 15005 Porto Alegre RS 91501-970 Brazil
| | - Cedric S. Graebin
- Laboratório de Diversidade Molecular e Química Medicinal (LaDMol-QM); Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas; Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro; Rodovia BR-465 Km. 7 Seropédica RJ 23897-000 Brazil
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Graebin CS, Verli H, Guimarães JA. Glycyrrhizin and glycyrrhetic acid: scaffolds to promising new pharmacologically active compounds. J BRAZIL CHEM SOC 2010. [DOI: 10.1590/s0103-50532010000900002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Eifler-Lima VL, Graebin CS, Uchoa FDT, Duarte PD, Corrêa AG. Highlights in the solid-phase organic synthesis of natural products and analogues. J BRAZIL CHEM SOC 2010. [DOI: 10.1590/s0103-50532010000800002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Ferrarini SR, Graebin CS, Limberger J, Canto RFS, Dias DO, Rosa RGD, Madeira MDF, Eifler-Lima VL. Synthesis of limonene β-amino alcohol derivatives in support of new antileishmanial therapies. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2008; 103:773-7. [DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762008000800005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2008] [Accepted: 11/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Graebin CS, Eifler-Lima VL, da Rosa RG. One-pot synthesis of secondary and tertiary amines from R(+)-limonene by tandem hydroformylation/reductive amination (hydroaminomethylation). CATAL COMMUN 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2007.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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