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Kodikara C, Netticadan T, Bandara N, Wijekoon C, Sura S. A new UHPLC-HRMS metabolomics approach for the rapid and comprehensive analysis of phenolic compounds in blueberry, raspberry, blackberry, cranberry and cherry fruits. Food Chem 2024; 445:138778. [PMID: 38394909 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds are considered an important group of bioactive molecules that are present in abundant quantities in fruits such as berries and cherries; hence, the analysis and quantification of these compounds are of significant interest to the scientific community. The current study aimed to develop a novel analytical method using liquid chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) for the rapid, comprehensive and simultaneous analysis of 66 phenolic compounds optimized for the selected five types of fruits commercially available in Canada. Bioactive compounds that could potentially be metabolite markers for each berry were identified. Various phenolic compounds were identified and quantified in all five selected fruits. Notably, blackberries were rich in anthocyanins such as cyanidin-3-glucoside (368.4 ± 6 µg/g), while blueberries were rich in peonidin-3-glucoside (1083 ± 9 µg/g). In addition, raspberries and cherries contained significant amounts of cyanidin-3-rutinoside, at 3156 ± 36 µg/g and 301.3 ± 2 µg/g, respectively, while cranberries contained the highest concentrations of petunidin at 829.7 ± 3 µg/g. The newly developed and validated UHPLC-HRMS method proved helpful in comprehensively analyzing phenolic compounds in blueberry, raspberry, cranberry, blackberry and cherry. Identifying and quantifying bioactives can lead to applications in neutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries by using phenolic-rich berry extracts in functional foods, supplements, or pharmaceutical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chamali Kodikara
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden Research and Development Centre, Morden, Manitoba R6M 1Y5, Canada; Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3C 1B2, Canada; Department of Food & Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Thomas Netticadan
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden Research and Development Centre, Morden, Manitoba R6M 1Y5, Canada; Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3C 1B2, Canada
| | - Nandika Bandara
- Department of Food & Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada; Richardson Centre for Food Technology and Research, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Champa Wijekoon
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden Research and Development Centre, Morden, Manitoba R6M 1Y5, Canada; Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3C 1B2, Canada; Department of Food & Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
| | - Srinivas Sura
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden Research and Development Centre, Morden, Manitoba R6M 1Y5, Canada.
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Badea A, Tucker JR, Sabra A, Netticadan T, Blackwell B, Yu L, Kodikara C, Wijekoon C. Endogenic Phenolic Compounds of Barley as Potential Biomarkers Related to Grain Mycotoxin Production and Cultivar Selection. Biology (Basel) 2023; 12:1306. [PMID: 37887016 PMCID: PMC10604134 DOI: 10.3390/biology12101306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is the fourth largest cereal crop in the world. One of the most devastating diseases in barley worldwide is Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe. Several mycotoxins are produced by FHB infection, and deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of them responsible for the deterioration of grain quality. The current limited number of reliable molecular markers makes the development of FHB-resistant cultivars rather difficult and laborious. Moreover, there is a limited number of designed specific biomarkers that could distinguish the FHB resistance and mycotoxin accumulation in barley cultivars. This study investigated the phenolic compounds of ten different Canadian barley cultivars, grown in artificially FHB-infected and non-infected field trials. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to assess the presence of DON in the harvested infected grains of each tested variety. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis was performed using both infected and non-infected samples. We identified differences among cultivars tested in non-infected samples through quantitative analysis of free and bound phenolic compounds. The resistant cultivars showed higher amounts of major bound phenolic compounds compared to the susceptible check CDC Bold. Additionally, the FHB-infected cultivars produced significantly higher amounts of sinapic acid (SIN) () and catechin (CAT) in the soluble free form of phenolics in barley compared to the non-infected subjects. This study suggests that phenolic compounds in barley could allow barley breeders to precisely identify and develop FHB-resistant barley germplasm and cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Badea
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Brandon Research and Development Centre, Brandon, MB R7A 5Y3, Canada
| | - James R Tucker
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Brandon Research and Development Centre, Brandon, MB R7A 5Y3, Canada
| | - Ali Sabra
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden Research and Development Centre, Morden, MB R6M 1Y5, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3C 1B2, Canada
| | - Thomas Netticadan
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden Research and Development Centre, Morden, MB R6M 1Y5, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3C 1B2, Canada
| | - Barbara Blackwell
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Liping Yu
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden Research and Development Centre, Morden, MB R6M 1Y5, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3C 1B2, Canada
| | - Chamali Kodikara
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden Research and Development Centre, Morden, MB R6M 1Y5, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3C 1B2, Canada
| | - Champa Wijekoon
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden Research and Development Centre, Morden, MB R6M 1Y5, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3C 1B2, Canada
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Ramö Isgren A, Carlhäll S, Dennis Retrato M, Kodikara C, A. Ubhayasekera K, Kjölhede P, Bergquist J, Blomberg M. The association between maternal body mass index and serial plasma oxytocin levels during labor. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290038. [PMID: 37566578 PMCID: PMC10420366 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between maternal body mass index (BMI) and plasma oxytocin (OT) levels at different OT infusion rates in labor. METHODS A prospective observational study analyzing serial plasma samples in laboring women with OT infusion. The women were categorized into three groups, women with non-obesity (BMI 18.5-29.9, n = 12), obesity (BMI 30.0-34.9, n = 13), and morbid obesity (BMI ≥ 35.0, n = 15). Plasma OT was analyzed using tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS Except for a low positive correlation between OT levels and BMI and significantly increased plasma OT levels in women with morbid obesity at the OT infusion rate of 3.3 mU/min, no significant differences in OT levels between the BMI groups were found. Further, the inter-individual differences in OT levels were large and no dose-dependent increase of OT levels was seen. CONCLUSIONS Other factors than plasma OT levels may be more likely to determine the clinical response of OT infusion in women with obesity. Perhaps the observed clinical need and individual response would be a better predictor of plasma OT levels than a pre-determined OT infusion rate. The OT dosage guidelines for labor augmentation should be individualized according to clinical response rather than generalized. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT04093479.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ramö Isgren
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Sara Carlhäll
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Mark Dennis Retrato
- Department of Chemistry-BMC, Analytical Chemistry and Neurochemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Chamali Kodikara
- Department of Chemistry-BMC, Analytical Chemistry and Neurochemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kumari A. Ubhayasekera
- Department of Chemistry-BMC, Analytical Chemistry and Neurochemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Preben Kjölhede
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Jonas Bergquist
- Department of Chemistry-BMC, Analytical Chemistry and Neurochemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marie Blomberg
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Wijekoon C, Netticadan T, Sabra A, Yu L, Kodikara C, Badea A. Analyses of Fatty Acids, Proteins, Ascorbic Acid, Bioactive Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Canadian Barley Cultivars and Elite Germplasm. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27227852. [PMID: 36431958 PMCID: PMC9693253 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grain is rich in fiber and antioxidant phytochemicals, including fatty acids, proteins, phenolic compounds, vitamins, and minerals, that offer various health benefits. Research on identifying different barley genotypes based on their health attributes is very limited. In this study, we performed an analysis of fatty acids, proteins, ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity of several Canadian barley cultivars and elite breeding lines. Linoleic acid (C18:2) was the predominant fatty acid present in the tested barley cultivars. The cultivar CDC Bold contained the highest amount of ascorbic acid, while the highest protein content was in CDC Mindon. An assessment of the free and bound phenolic compounds of barley grains showed quantitative changes among different genotypes of Canadian barley. Catechin is the most abundant molecule in free phenolics, while ferulic acid and para-coumeric acid are the most abundant in bound phenolics. Ferulic acid and vanillic acid were molecules detected in the soluble free fraction of all genotypes. Para-coumeric acid was detected only in genotypes such as CDC Copeland, CDC Bold, Lowe, and elite breeding Line 5 of both free and bound fractions of barley. Breeding Line 5 had the lowest antioxidant activity. An analysis of the above molecules and parameters of Canadian barley would help to uncover potential biomarkers in order to distinguish individual barley genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Champa Wijekoon
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden Research and Development Centre, Morden, MB R6M 1Y5, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3C 1B2, Canada
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Thomas Netticadan
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden Research and Development Centre, Morden, MB R6M 1Y5, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3C 1B2, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Ali Sabra
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden Research and Development Centre, Morden, MB R6M 1Y5, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3C 1B2, Canada
| | - Liping Yu
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden Research and Development Centre, Morden, MB R6M 1Y5, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3C 1B2, Canada
| | - Chamali Kodikara
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden Research and Development Centre, Morden, MB R6M 1Y5, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3C 1B2, Canada
| | - Ana Badea
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Brandon Research and Development Centre, Brandon, MB R7A 5Y3, Canada
- Correspondence:
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