1
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Liu J, He Y, Lwin C, Han M, Guan B, Naik A, Bender C, Moore N, Huryn LA, Sergeev YV, Qian H, Zeng Y, Dong L, Liu P, Lei J, Haugen CJ, Prasov L, Shi R, Dollfus H, Aristodemou P, Laich Y, Németh AH, Taylor J, Downes S, Krawczynski MR, Meunier I, Strassberg M, Tenney J, Gao J, Shear MA, Moore AT, Duncan JL, Menendez B, Hull S, Vincent AL, Siskind CE, Traboulsi EI, Blackstone C, Sisk RA, Miraldi Utz V, Webster AR, Michaelides M, Arno G, Synofzik M, Hufnagel RB. Neuropathy target esterase activity defines phenotypes among PNPLA6 disorders. Brain 2024:awae055. [PMID: 38735647 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awae055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Biallelic pathogenic variants in the PNPLA6 gene cause a broad spectrum of disorders leading to gait disturbance, visual impairment, anterior hypopituitarism and hair anomalies. PNPLA6 encodes neuropathy target esterase (NTE), yet the role of NTE dysfunction on affected tissues in the large spectrum of associated disease remains unclear. We present a systematic evidence-based review of a novel cohort of 23 new patients along with 95 reported individuals with PNPLA6 variants that implicate missense variants as a driver of disease pathogenesis. Measuring esterase activity of 46 disease-associated and 20 common variants observed across PNPLA6-associated clinical diagnoses unambiguously reclassified 36 variants as pathogenic and 10 variants as likely pathogenic, establishing a robust functional assay for classifying PNPLA6 variants of unknown significance. Estimating the overall NTE activity of affected individuals revealed a striking inverse relationship between NTE activity and the presence of retinopathy and endocrinopathy. This phenomenon was recaptured in vivo in an allelic mouse series, where a similar NTE threshold for retinopathy exists. Thus, PNPLA6 disorders, previously considered allelic, are a continuous spectrum of pleiotropic phenotypes defined by an NTE genotype:activity:phenotype relationship. This relationship, and the generation of a preclinical animal model, pave the way for therapeutic trials, using NTE as a biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Liu
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yi He
- Fermentation Facility, Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Cara Lwin
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Marina Han
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Bin Guan
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Amelia Naik
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Chelsea Bender
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nia Moore
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Laryssa A Huryn
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yuri V Sergeev
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Haohua Qian
- Visual Function Core, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yong Zeng
- Visual Function Core, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Lijin Dong
- Genetic Engineering Core, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Pinghu Liu
- Genetic Engineering Core, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jingqi Lei
- Genetic Engineering Core, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Carl J Haugen
- Genetic Engineering Core, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Lev Prasov
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Ruifang Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730 Beijing, China
| | - Hélène Dollfus
- Centre de référence pour les Affections Rares Ophtalmologiques CARGO, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, UMRS_1112, Strasbourg 67091, France
| | - Petros Aristodemou
- Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 1683, Cyprus
- VRMCy Centre, Limassol 3025, Cyprus
| | - Yannik Laich
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London EC1V 9EL, UK
- Department of Genetics, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Trust, London EC1V 2PD, UK
| | - Andrea H Németh
- Oxford Centre for Genomic Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, ACE Building, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford OX3 7HE, UK
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - John Taylor
- Oxford Regional Genetics Laboratory, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Susan Downes
- Nuffield Department of Ophthalmology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Oxford Eye Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Maciej R Krawczynski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan 60-512, Poland
| | - Isabelle Meunier
- National Referent Centre for Rare Sensory Diseases, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier University, Montpellier 34295, France
| | | | - Jessica Tenney
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Josephine Gao
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Matthew A Shear
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Anthony T Moore
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London EC1V 9EL, UK
- Department of Ophthalmology, UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jacque L Duncan
- Department of Ophthalmology, UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Beatriz Menendez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Sarah Hull
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Andrea L Vincent
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Carly E Siskind
- Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Elias I Traboulsi
- The Center for Genetic Eye Diseases, The Cleveland Clinic Eye Institute, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Craig Blackstone
- Movement Disorders Division, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Robert A Sisk
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Virginia Miraldi Utz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Abrahamson Pediatric Eye Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Andrew R Webster
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London EC1V 9EL, UK
- Department of Genetics, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Trust, London EC1V 2PD, UK
| | - Michel Michaelides
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London EC1V 9EL, UK
- Department of Genetics, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Trust, London EC1V 2PD, UK
| | - Gavin Arno
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London EC1V 9EL, UK
- Department of Genetics, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Trust, London EC1V 2PD, UK
| | - Matthis Synofzik
- Division Translational Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
- German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Robert B Hufnagel
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Department of Genetics and Center for Integrated Healthcare Research, Kaiser Permanente Hawaii Region, Honolulu, HI 98619, USA
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2
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Guan B, Bender C, Pantrangi M, Moore N, Reeves M, Naik A, Li H, Goetz K, Blain D, Agather A, Cukras C, Zein WM, Huryn LA, Brooks BP, Hufnagel RB. The qMini assay identifies an overlooked class of splice variants. medRxiv 2023:2023.11.02.23297963. [PMID: 38076877 PMCID: PMC10705652 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.02.23297963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Splice variants are known to cause diseases by utilizing alternative splice sites, potentially resulting in protein truncation or mRNA degradation by nonsense-mediated decay. Splice variants are verified when altered mature mRNA sequences are identified in RNA analyses or minigene assays. Using a quantitative minigene assay, qMini, we uncovered a previously overlooked class of disease-associated splice variants that did not alter mRNA sequence but decreased mature mRNA level, suggesting a potentially new pathogenic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Guan
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Chelsea Bender
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Madhulatha Pantrangi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Nia Moore
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Melissa Reeves
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Amelia Naik
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Huirong Li
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Kerry Goetz
- Office of Data Science and Health Informatics, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Delphine Blain
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Aime Agather
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Catherine Cukras
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Wadih M. Zein
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Laryssa A. Huryn
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Brian P. Brooks
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Robert B. Hufnagel
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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3
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Liu J, He Y, Lwin C, Han M, Guan B, Naik A, Bender C, Moore N, Huryn LA, Sergeev Y, Qian H, Zeng Y, Dong L, Liu P, Lei J, Haugen CJ, Prasov L, Shi R, Dollfus H, Aristodemou P, Laich Y, Németh AH, Taylor J, Downes S, Krawczynski M, Meunier I, Strassberg M, Tenney J, Gao J, Shear MA, Moore AT, Duncan JL, Menendez B, Hull S, Vincent A, Siskind CE, Traboulsi EI, Blackstone C, Sisk R, Utz V, Webster AR, Michaelides M, Arno G, Synofzik M, Hufnagel RB. Neuropathy target esterase activity predicts retinopathy among PNPLA6 disorders. bioRxiv 2023:2023.06.09.544373. [PMID: 37333224 PMCID: PMC10274907 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.09.544373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Biallelic pathogenic variants in the PNPLA6 gene cause a broad spectrum of disorders leading to gait disturbance, visual impairment, anterior hypopituitarism, and hair anomalies. PNPLA6 encodes Neuropathy target esterase (NTE), yet the role of NTE dysfunction on affected tissues in the large spectrum of associated disease remains unclear. We present a clinical meta-analysis of a novel cohort of 23 new patients along with 95 reported individuals with PNPLA6 variants that implicate missense variants as a driver of disease pathogenesis. Measuring esterase activity of 46 disease-associated and 20 common variants observed across PNPLA6 -associated clinical diagnoses unambiguously reclassified 10 variants as likely pathogenic and 36 variants as pathogenic, establishing a robust functional assay for classifying PNPLA6 variants of unknown significance. Estimating the overall NTE activity of affected individuals revealed a striking inverse relationship between NTE activity and the presence of retinopathy and endocrinopathy. This phenomenon was recaptured in vivo in an allelic mouse series, where a similar NTE threshold for retinopathy exists. Thus, PNPLA6 disorders, previously considered allelic, are a continuous spectrum of pleiotropic phenotypes defined by an NTE genotype:activity:phenotype relationship. This relationship and the generation of a preclinical animal model pave the way for therapeutic trials, using NTE as a biomarker.
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4
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Boobalan E, Thompson AH, Alur RP, McGaughey DM, Dong L, Shih G, Vieta-Ferrer ER, Onojafe IF, Kalaskar VK, Arno G, Lotery AJ, Guan B, Bender C, Memon O, Brinster L, Soleilhavoup C, Panman L, Badea TC, Minella A, Lopez AJ, Thomasy SM, Moshiri A, Blain D, Hufnagel RB, Cogliati T, Bharti K, Brooks BP. Zfp503/Nlz2 Is Required for RPE Differentiation and Optic Fissure Closure. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2022; 63:5. [PMID: 36326727 PMCID: PMC9645360 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.63.12.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Uveal coloboma is a congenital eye malformation caused by failure of the optic fissure to close in early human development. Despite significant progress in identifying genes whose regulation is important for executing this closure, mutations are detected in a minority of cases using known gene panels, implying additional genetic complexity. We have previously shown knockdown of znf503 (the ortholog of mouse Zfp503) in zebrafish causes coloboma. Here we characterize Zfp503 knockout (KO) mice and evaluate transcriptomic profiling of mutant versus wild-type (WT) retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)/choroid. Methods Zfp503 KO mice were generated by gene targeting using homologous recombination. Embryos were characterized grossly and histologically. Patterns and level of developmentally relevant proteins/genes were examined with immunostaining/in situ hybridization. The transcriptomic profile of E11.5 KO RPE/choroid was compared to that of WT. Results Zfp503 is dynamically expressed in developing mouse eyes, and loss of its expression results in uveal coloboma. KO embryos exhibit altered mRNA levels and expression patterns of several key transcription factors involved in eye development, including Otx2, Mitf, Pax6, Pax2, Vax1, and Vax2, resulting in a failure to maintain the presumptive RPE, as evidenced by reduced melanin pigmentation and its differentiation into a neural retina-like lineage. Comparison of RNA sequencing data from WT and KO E11.5 embryos demonstrated reduced expression of melanin-related genes and significant overlap with genes known to be dynamically regulated at the optic fissure. Conclusions These results demonstrate a critical role of Zfp503 in maintaining RPE fate and optic fissure closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elangovan Boobalan
- Pediatric, Developmental & Genetic Ophthalmology Section, Ophthalmic Genetics & Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Amy H. Thompson
- Pediatric, Developmental & Genetic Ophthalmology Section, Ophthalmic Genetics & Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Ramakrishna P. Alur
- Pediatric, Developmental & Genetic Ophthalmology Section, Ophthalmic Genetics & Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - David M. McGaughey
- Pediatric, Developmental & Genetic Ophthalmology Section, Ophthalmic Genetics & Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Lijin Dong
- Mouse Genetic Engineering Core, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Grace Shih
- Pediatric, Developmental & Genetic Ophthalmology Section, Ophthalmic Genetics & Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Emile R. Vieta-Ferrer
- Pediatric, Developmental & Genetic Ophthalmology Section, Ophthalmic Genetics & Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Ighovie F. Onojafe
- Pediatric, Developmental & Genetic Ophthalmology Section, Ophthalmic Genetics & Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Vijay K. Kalaskar
- Pediatric, Developmental & Genetic Ophthalmology Section, Ophthalmic Genetics & Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Gavin Arno
- University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom,Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J. Lotery
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Bin Guan
- Ophthalmic Genetics Laboratory, Ophthalmic Genetics & Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Chelsea Bender
- Ophthalmic Genetics Laboratory, Ophthalmic Genetics & Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Omar Memon
- Ocular and Stem Cell Translational Research Section, Ophthalmic Genetics & Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Lauren Brinster
- Division of Veterinary Resources, Office of Research Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | | | - Lia Panman
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Tudor C. Badea
- Retinal Circuit Development and Genetics Unit, Neurobiology, Neurodegeneration and Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States,Research and Development Institute, Transilvania University of Brașov, Brașov, Romania,National Center for Brain Research, ICIA, Romanian Academy, Bucharest, România
| | - Andrea Minella
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California–Davis, Davis, California, United States
| | - Antonio Jacobo Lopez
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, School of Medicine, University of California–Davis, Davis, California, United States
| | - Sara M. Thomasy
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California–Davis, Davis, California, United States,Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, School of Medicine, University of California–Davis, Davis, California, United States
| | - Ala Moshiri
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, School of Medicine, University of California–Davis, Davis, California, United States
| | - Delphine Blain
- Pediatric, Developmental & Genetic Ophthalmology Section, Ophthalmic Genetics & Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Robert B. Hufnagel
- Ophthalmic Genetics Laboratory, Ophthalmic Genetics & Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Tiziana Cogliati
- Pediatric, Developmental & Genetic Ophthalmology Section, Ophthalmic Genetics & Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Kapil Bharti
- Ocular and Stem Cell Translational Research Section, Ophthalmic Genetics & Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Brian P. Brooks
- Pediatric, Developmental & Genetic Ophthalmology Section, Ophthalmic Genetics & Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
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5
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Guan B, Huryn LA, Hughes AB, Li Z, Bender C, Blain D, Turriff A, Cukras CA, Hufnagel RB. Early-Onset TIMP3-Related Retinopathy Associated With Impaired Signal Peptide. JAMA Ophthalmol 2022; 140:730-733. [PMID: 35679059 DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2022.1822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Importance Sorsby fundus dystrophy is a typically adult-onset maculopathy with high risk for choroidal neovascularization. Sorsby fundus dystrophy, inherited as an autosomal dominant fully penetrant trait, is associated with TIMP3 variants that cause protein aggregation in the extracellular matrix. Objective To evaluate the phenotype and underlying biochemical mechanism of disease-causing TIMP3 variants altering the N-terminal signal peptide in 2 families who have early-onset diffuse maculopathy without choroidal neovascularization with cosegregation of TIMP3 variants in the signal peptide sequence. Design, Setting, and Participants This case series of 2 families with early-onset diffuse maculopathy was conducted at the National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center. Data were collected and analyzed from October 2009 to December 2021. Main Outcomes and Measures Clinical imaging and molecular genetic testing were performed in 2 families with macular dystrophy. Cosegregation analysis of TIMP3 variants was performed in affected and unaffected family members. Candidate TIMP3 signal peptide variants were assessed for cleavage defects after transfection. Results Eleven individuals from 2 families with early-onset diffuse maculopathy without choroidal neovascularization harbor TIMP3 variants (L10H or G12R) in the N-terminal signaling peptide were analyzed. Cosegregation with phenotype was confirmed in additional family members. Biochemical analysis confirmed defects in both protein maturation and extracellular deposition. Conclusions and Relevance This study found that TIMP3 variants altering signal peptide function deviated from classic Sorsby fundus dystrophy both in phenotypic features and underlying mechanism. These results suggest atypical patient presentations are caused by TIMP3 signal peptide defects, associated with impaired cleavage and deposition into the extracellular matrix, implicating a novel macular dystrophy disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Guan
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Laryssa A Huryn
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Andrew B Hughes
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Zhiyu Li
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Chelsea Bender
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Delphine Blain
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Amy Turriff
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Catherine A Cukras
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Robert B Hufnagel
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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6
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Bender C, Woo EG, Guan B, Ullah E, Feng E, Turriff A, Tumminia SJ, Sieving PA, Cukras CA, Hufnagel RB. Predominant Founder Effect among Recurrent Pathogenic Variants for an X-Linked Disorder. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13040675. [PMID: 35456481 PMCID: PMC9029724 DOI: 10.3390/genes13040675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
For disorders with X-linked inheritance, variants may be transmitted through multiple generations of carrier females before an affected male is ascertained. Pathogenic RS1 variants exclusively cause X-linked retinoschisis (XLRS). While RS1 is constrained to variation, recurrent variants are frequently observed in unrelated probands. Here, we investigate recurrent pathogenic variants to determine the relative burden of mutational hotspot and founder allele events to this phenomenon. A cohort RS1 variant analysis and standardized classification, including variant enrichment in the XLRS cohort and in RS1 functional domains, were performed on 332 unrelated XLRS probands. A total of 108 unique RS1 variants were identified. A subset of 19 recurrently observed RS1 variants were evaluated in 190 probands by a haplotype analysis, using microsatellite and single nucleotide polymorphisms. Fourteen variants had at least two probands with common variant-specific haplotypes over ~1.95 centimorgans (cM) flanking RS1. Overall, 99/190 of reportedly unrelated probands had 25 distinct shared haplotypes. Examination of this XLRS cohort for common RS1 haplotypes indicates that the founder effect plays a significant role in this disorder, including variants in mutational hotspots. This improves the accuracy of clinical variant classification and may be generalizable to other X-linked disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea Bender
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (C.B.); (E.G.W.); (B.G.); (E.U.); (E.F.); (A.T.); (S.J.T.); (P.A.S.); (C.A.C.)
| | - Elizabeth Geena Woo
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (C.B.); (E.G.W.); (B.G.); (E.U.); (E.F.); (A.T.); (S.J.T.); (P.A.S.); (C.A.C.)
| | - Bin Guan
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (C.B.); (E.G.W.); (B.G.); (E.U.); (E.F.); (A.T.); (S.J.T.); (P.A.S.); (C.A.C.)
| | - Ehsan Ullah
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (C.B.); (E.G.W.); (B.G.); (E.U.); (E.F.); (A.T.); (S.J.T.); (P.A.S.); (C.A.C.)
| | - Eric Feng
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (C.B.); (E.G.W.); (B.G.); (E.U.); (E.F.); (A.T.); (S.J.T.); (P.A.S.); (C.A.C.)
| | - Amy Turriff
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (C.B.); (E.G.W.); (B.G.); (E.U.); (E.F.); (A.T.); (S.J.T.); (P.A.S.); (C.A.C.)
| | - Santa J. Tumminia
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (C.B.); (E.G.W.); (B.G.); (E.U.); (E.F.); (A.T.); (S.J.T.); (P.A.S.); (C.A.C.)
| | - Paul A. Sieving
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (C.B.); (E.G.W.); (B.G.); (E.U.); (E.F.); (A.T.); (S.J.T.); (P.A.S.); (C.A.C.)
- UC Davis Medical Center, Ophthalmology & Vision Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95817, USA
| | - Catherine A. Cukras
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (C.B.); (E.G.W.); (B.G.); (E.U.); (E.F.); (A.T.); (S.J.T.); (P.A.S.); (C.A.C.)
| | - Robert B. Hufnagel
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (C.B.); (E.G.W.); (B.G.); (E.U.); (E.F.); (A.T.); (S.J.T.); (P.A.S.); (C.A.C.)
- Correspondence:
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7
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Lal T, Yu ZX, Guan B, Bender C, Chan CC, Cukras CA, Hufnagel RB. Clinical and Histopathologic Correlates of Asymmetric Retinitis Pigmentosa. JAMA Ophthalmol 2021; 139:1029-1032. [PMID: 34351381 DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2021.2688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Importance Asymmetric retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a rare presentation of a normally symmetric condition. Histopathologic evidence should be examined to see if this asymmetry extends to the tissue and cellular levels. Objective To determine whether additional information can be obtained about asymmetric RP from studying clinical imaging and pathology correlates, including pathology samples from autopsied eyes. Design, Setting, and Participants In this case report, clinical and postmortem histopathological characteristics were compared in 2 eyes of a patient in her 50s with asymmetric RP. Individuals with rare mendelian diseases, such as RP, were studied using data from the curated National Eye Institute Eye Pathology collection. Main Outcome and Measures Results of clinical evaluation, multimodal retinal imaging, histopathology, and molecular genetic testing in a case of nonsyndromic asymmetric RP using resources from the ocular pathology collection. Results Eyes from a deceased patient in her 50s with nonsyndromic asymmetric RP found within the ocular pathology collection were studied. The patient was diagnosed with RP as an adolescent and presented in her 50s to the eye clinic with advanced RP, with the left eye affected much more severely than the right. The patient's phenotype was studied using in vivo imaging and postmortem histopathology to identify interocular differences in tissue degeneration. Extraction of blood-derived DNA and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded DNA from autopsied eyes analyzed using next-generation sequencing did not yield a definitive molecular diagnosis nor significant tissue differences. Conclusions and Relevance This study demonstrates newly reported histopathological and molecular correlates in asymmetric RP. This report also highlights the relevance of studying previously seen patients and reevaluating their conditions using resources within the ocular pathology collection to gain further insight on their disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trisha Lal
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Zu-Xi Yu
- Pathology Core, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Bin Guan
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Chelsea Bender
- Ophthalmic Genetics Laboratory, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Chi-Chao Chan
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Catherine A Cukras
- Unit on Clinical Investigation of Retinal Diseases, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Robert B Hufnagel
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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8
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Goetz KE, Reeves MJ, Gagadam S, Blain D, Bender C, Lwin C, Naik A, Tumminia SJ, Hufnagel RB. Genetic testing for inherited eye conditions in over 6,000 individuals through the eyeGENE network. Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet 2020; 184:828-837. [PMID: 32893963 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Genetic testing in a multisite clinical trial network for inherited eye conditions is described in this retrospective review of data collected through eyeGENE®, the National Ophthalmic Disease Genotyping and Phenotyping Network. Participants in eyeGENE were enrolled through a network of clinical providers throughout the United States and Canada. Blood samples and clinical data were collected to establish a phenotype:genotype database, biorepository, and patient registry. Data and samples are available for research use, and participants are provided results of clinical genetic testing. eyeGENE utilized a unique, distributed clinical trial design to enroll 6,403 participants from 5,385 families diagnosed with over 30 different inherited eye conditions. The most common diagnoses given for participants were retinitis pigmentosa (RP), Stargardt disease, and choroideremia. Pathogenic variants were most frequently reported in ABCA4 (37%), USH2A (7%), RPGR (6%), CHM (5%), and PRPH2 (3%). Among the 5,552 participants with genetic testing, at least one pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant was observed in 3,448 participants (62.1%), and variants of uncertain significance in 1,712 participants (30.8%). Ten genes represent 68% of all pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants in eyeGENE. Cross-referencing current gene therapy clinical trials, over a thousand participants may be eligible, based on pathogenic variants in genes targeted by those therapies. This article is the first summary of genetic testing from thousands of participants tested through eyeGENE, including reports from 5,552 individuals. eyeGENE provides a launching point for inherited eye research, connects researchers with potential future study participants, and provides a valuable resource to the vision community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerry E Goetz
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Melissa J Reeves
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Shaina Gagadam
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Delphine Blain
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Chelsea Bender
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Cara Lwin
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Amelia Naik
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Santa J Tumminia
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Robert B Hufnagel
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Nugent BD, Ren D, Bender C, Rosenzweig M. Abstract P1-17-10: The impact of age and adjuvant chemotherapy modifications on disease-free and overall survival among African American women with breast cancer. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p1-17-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: During chemotherapy for breast cancer, African American women receive less relative dose intensity with more dose reductions and early chemotherapy cessation compared to Caucasian women. Other research has found that older breast cancer patients are most at risk for treatment modifications; however, it is unclear if this remains true for African American patients. Furthermore, the clinical implications of treatment modifications and delays on survival is uncertain, particularly in African American patients.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether age (diagnosis <55 vs. diagnosis ≥55) was a moderator for the association between treatment modifications (dose held, dose delayed, and early cessation) and overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in African American women with breast cancer.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study of early stage African American breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy was employed. Dose held, dose delayed and early cessation were examined as dichotomous variables: any adjustment to the initially prescribed treatment plan was considered a modification. Medical record data extraction was utilized to gather this information. The sample was divided into two groups: those diagnosed <55 years of age and those diagnosed ≥55 years of age. A Cox's proportional hazards regression model was used to examine the interaction between age group and treatment modifications for OS and DFS, while controlling for stage and ER and HER2 status.
Results: In the study of 115 participants, 58 (50.4%) were diagnosed before the age of 55, and 57 (49.6%) were diagnosed age 55 or older. Across the entire sample, 43 (37.4%) patients experienced a treatment modification. There were no significant differences in the proportions of treatment modifications between the two age groups. We found no interaction between age group and treatment modifications for OS. However, there was a significant interaction between age group and held dose for DFS (p=0.045). Specifically, those diagnosed at 55 years of age and older, who had doses of chemotherapy held, experienced worse DFS compared to those who did not (hazard ratio (HR)=3.390, 95% CI (1.013,11.34)). In contrast, there was no difference in DFS between those who did and did not have doses held in patients diagnosed below 55 years of age (HR=0.563, 95%CI (0.159, 1.986)).
Conclusions: African American women receiving adjuvant chemotherapy for treatment of early stage breast cancer have high levels of treatment modifications across all age groups. However, held doses of chemotherapy in older African American patients were associated with worse DFS. Further research is needed to elucidate the clinical implications of adjuvant chemotherapy treatment modifications, particularly in African American patients, and the subgroups of patients who are at greatest risk.
Citation Format: Nugent BD, Ren D, Bender C, Rosenzweig M. The impact of age and adjuvant chemotherapy modifications on disease-free and overall survival among African American women with breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-17-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- BD Nugent
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - D Ren
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - C Bender
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
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Montaner-Pizá A, Rubio B, Mücher D, Orrigo S, Simpson E, Gelletly W, Agramunt J, Algora A, Bender C, Fujita Y, Ganioglu E, Guadilla V, Hellgartner S, Reichert S. New Results on Excited States in the one-particle one-hole nucleus 56Co measured with MINIBALL detectors. EPJ Web Conf 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201922301042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The non-yrast states of the odd-odd nucleus 56Co have been investigated by studying the γ-rays induced in the predominantly fusion-evaporation reaction 56Fe(p,n γ)56Co at an incident energy of 10 MeV. The γ-rays were measured in-beam with four high-resolution MINIBALL-triple germanium (Ge) detectors. The experiment provided excellent data in γ-γ coincidences. The complex level scheme of 56Co was constructed mainly based on the analysis of these γ-γ coincidences. The angular distributions of the γ-rays were also analysed and allowed us to assign spin-parity values to most of the excited states in this nucleus. Despite the extensive work previously done studying the 56Co nucleus, the analysis presented in this work has resulted in a large improvement in the knowledge of its structure.
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Kuner R, Laible M, Gangi-Maurici S, Walter C, Bender C, Schaefer G, Klocker H, Oed M, Bukur V, Sahin U. PO-324 Detection of high-risk prostate cancer biomarkers by RNA sequencing and qPCR method. ESMO Open 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2018-eacr25.354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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12
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Winkler JK, Bender C, Kratochwil C, Enk A, Hassel JC. PD-1 blockade: a therapeutic option for treatment of metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma. Br J Dermatol 2016; 176:216-219. [PMID: 27038231 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The immune system is extremely important in the development and progression of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). Immune checkpoint blockade has recently been shown to enable efficacious treatment of a variety of tumours. We report the use of an anti-programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) antibody for treatment of a patient with metastatic MCC. An 80-year-old patient with metastatic MCC received off-label treatment with the anti-PD-1 antibody pembrolizumab after the disease had progressed during therapy with oral etoposide. A positron emission tomography (PET) computed tomography scan performed after three cycles of pembrolizumab revealed responses to therapy with reduced size of the adrenal gland metastases and less PET activity in the adrenal gland and lymph node metastases. Treatment was resumed owing to disease progression after a treatment-free interval of > 4 months. During subsequent months of treatment, the size of the metastases stabilized and uptake of nuclide by all tumour sites once again decreased. These results reveal the potential efficacy of an anti-PD-1 antibody for treatment of metastatic MCC. Thus, they contribute to currently limited data on the use of anti-PD-1 antibodies for the treatment of MCC. Moreover, this is the first report of successful resumption of treatment of metastatic MCC with an anti-PD-1 antibody. Results from ongoing trials will contribute to determination of the relevance of PD-1 blockade in metastatic MCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Winkler
- Department of Dermatology and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Bender
- Department of Dermatology and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Kratochwil
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Enk
- Department of Dermatology and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J C Hassel
- Department of Dermatology and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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13
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Winkler JK, Schneiderbauer R, Bender C, Sedlaczek O, Fröhling S, Penzel R, Enk A, Hassel JC. Anti-programmed cell death-1 therapy in nonmelanoma skin cancer. Br J Dermatol 2016; 176:498-502. [PMID: 27061826 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J K Winkler
- Department of Dermatology and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - R Schneiderbauer
- Department of Dermatology and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Bender
- Department of Dermatology and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - O Sedlaczek
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Fröhling
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Department of Translational Oncology, Heidelberg, Germany.,Section for Personalized Oncology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - R Penzel
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Enk
- Department of Dermatology and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J C Hassel
- Department of Dermatology and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Bender C, Christen S, Hintermann E, Christen U. Absence of CXCL10 prolongs islet graft survival in an autoimmune mouse model for Type 1 Diabetes. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1556570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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15
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Bender C, Wulff-Molder D, Vogt H, Ritschl F, Meisel M. Synthese und Kristallstruktur des Bromdifluormethyl-triphenyl- phosphoniumbromids, [(C6H5)3PCF2Br]+ Br- / Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Bromodifluoromethyl-triphenylphosphonium Bromide, [(C6H5)3PCF2Br]+ Br-. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2000-0206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Difluorobromomethyl-triphenylphosphonium bromide [(C6H5)3PCF2Br]+ Br- (1) has been prepared by the reaction of triphenylphosphine with dibromodifluoro-methane in acetonitrile or methylene chloride. The colorless crystals are monoclinic, space group P 21/n, Z=4, a = 1067.1(2), b = 1488,5(2), c = 1178,2(2) pm, β = 95,67(3)°. The lattice contains Br- anions and [(C6H5)3PCF2Br]+ cations with a Br-Br distance of 322,33(11) pm.. For the title compound the results of AM 1, PM 3 ,and MNDO calculations are in good agreement with corresponding values determined by the X-ray analysis only in the case of PM 3.
The yellow-red [(C6H5)3PCF2Br]+ Br3
- (2) has been obtained by treating 1 with equimolar quantities of elemental bromine in methylene chloride solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Bender
- Fachinstitut für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, Institut für Chemie der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Hessische Str. 1/2, D -10115 Berlin
| | - D. Wulff-Molder
- Fachinstitut für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, Institut für Chemie der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Hessische Str. 1/2, D -10115 Berlin
| | - H. Vogt
- Fachinstitut für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, Institut für Chemie der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Hessische Str. 1/2, D -10115 Berlin
| | - F. Ritschl
- Fachinstitut für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, Institut für Chemie der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Hessische Str. 1/2, D -10115 Berlin
| | - M. Meisel
- Fachinstitut für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, Institut für Chemie der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Hessische Str. 1/2, D -10115 Berlin
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Matthes R, Hübner NO, Bender C, Koban I, Horn S, Bekeschus S, Weltmann KD, Kocher T, Kramer A, Assadian O. Efficacy of different carrier gases for barrier discharge plasma generation compared to chlorhexidine on the survival of Pseudomonas aeruginosa embedded in biofilm in vitro. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2014; 27:148-57. [PMID: 24434726 DOI: 10.1159/000353861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Because of its antimicrobial properties, nonthermal plasma could serve as an alternative to chemical antisepsis in wound treatment. Therefore, this study investigated the inactivation of biofilm-embedded Pseudomonas aeruginosa SG81 by a surface barrier-discharged (SBD) plasma for 30, 60, 150 and 300 s. In order to optimize the efficacy of the plasma, different carrier gases (argon, argon admixed with 1% oxygen, and argon with increased humidity up to approx. 80%) were tested and compared against 0.1% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHG) exposure for 600 s. The antimicrobial efficacy was determined by calculating the difference between the numbers of colony-forming units (CFU) of treated and untreated biofilms. Living bacteria were distinguished from dead by fluorescent staining and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Both SBD plasmas and CHG showed significant antimicrobial effects compared to the untreated control. However, plasma treatment led to a higher antimicrobial reduction (argon plasma 4.9 log10 CFU/cm(2), argon with admixed oxygen 3 log10 CFU/cm(2), and with increased gas humidity 2.7 log10 CFU/cm(2) after 300 s) compared to CHG. In conclusion, SBD plasma is suitable as an alternative to CHG for inactivation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa embedded in biofilm. Further development of SBD plasma sources and research on the role of carrier gases and humidity may allow their clinical application for wound management in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Matthes
- Institute for Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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Korf U, Sonntag J, Bender C, Wiemann S, Aulmann S, Sinn P, Burwinkel B, Schneeweiss A, Beissbarth T. 847 Identification of a Biomarker Signature to Predict the Need for Chemotherapy in Patients With Hormone Receptor Positive Breast Cancer. Eur J Cancer 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(12)71480-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Hamza A, Keller M, Abdel-Kawi A, Bender C, Henschen M, Zieger W. Heterotope Gravidität – Fallbericht. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1293285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Balaszczuk V, Bender C, Pereno GL, Beltramino CA. Alcohol-induced neuronal death in central extended amygdala and pyriform cortex during the postnatal period of the rat. Int J Dev Neurosci 2011; 29:733-42. [PMID: 21664448 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2011.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2010] [Revised: 05/12/2011] [Accepted: 05/25/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mothers who consume alcohol during pregnancy may cause a neurotoxic syndrome defined as fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) in their offspring. This disorder is characterized by reduction in brain size, cognitive deficits and emotional/social disturbances. These alterations are thought to be caused by an alcohol-induced increase in apoptosis during neurodevelopment. Little is known about neuroapoptosis in the central extended amygdala and the pyriform cortex, which are key structures in emotional/social behaviors. The goal of this study was to determine the vulnerability of neuroapoptotic alcohol effects in those areas. Rats were administered alcohol (2.5g/kg s.c. at 0 and 2h) or saline on postnatal day (PND) 7, 15 and 20. The Amino-cupric-silver technique was used to evaluate neurodegeneration and immunohistochemistry to detect activated caspases 3-8 and 9 at 2h, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24h after drug administration. We measured blood alcohol levels each hour, from 2 to 8h post second administration of alcohol in each of the ages studied. Results showed alcohol induced apoptotic neurodegeneration in the central extended amygdala on PND 7 and 15, and pyriform cortex on PND 7, 15 and 20. These structures showed activation of caspase 3 and 9 but not of caspase 8 suggesting that alcohol-induced apoptosis could occur by the intrinsic pathway. The pharmacokinetic differences between ages did not associate with the neurodegeneration age dependence. In conclusion, these limbic areas are damaged by alcohol, and each one has their own window of vulnerability during the postnatal period. The possible implications in emotional/social features in FASD are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Balaszczuk
- Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra, Friuli, Córdoba, Argentina.
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Hülsmann H, Bender C, Rolff J, Fichtner I, Herwig R, Sültmann H, Kuner R. 333 Identification of drug-associated proteins in NSCLC xenograft models by reverse phase protein arrays. EJC Suppl 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(10)72040-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Svaldi J, Bender C, Tuschen-Caffier B. Explicit memory bias for positively valenced body-related cues in women with binge eating disorder. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 2010; 41:251-7. [PMID: 20199768 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2010.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2009] [Revised: 01/27/2010] [Accepted: 02/08/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Overweight women with and without binge eating disorder (BED) are characterized by a marked body dissatisfaction, which may in part be due to the negative comments about their weight. Weight-related teasing and discrimination is reported both by healthy overweight women and women with BED, whereas body dissatisfaction is markedly increased among women with BED. Therefore, a memory bias for negatively valenced body-related cues is suspected to occur as a mediating factor in women with BED. In an experimental study, 18 women with BED were compared to 18 overweight healthy female controls (HC) on a free recall task containing four word categories: positively valenced with and without body-related content and negatively valenced with and without body-related content. While both groups showed a bias towards negatively valenced shape-/weight-related words, women with BED retrieved positively valenced shape-/weight-related words significantly less often compared to overweight HC. Findings suggest that it may be the reduced ability to attend to positively valenced shape-/weight-related information, rather than the activation of negative body schemata that differentiates overweight women with BED from overweight women without BED. Results are discussed in the context of cognitive biases in the maintenance of body dissatisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Svaldi
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Freiburg, Engelbergerstrasse 41, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.
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Bender C, Rassetto M, de Olmos J, de Olmos S, Lorenzo A. Involvement of AMPA/kainate-excitotoxicity in MK801-induced neuronal death in the retrosplenial cortex. Neuroscience 2010; 169:720-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2010] [Revised: 04/22/2010] [Accepted: 05/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Hammann A, Huebner NO, Bender C, Ekkernkamp A, Hartmann B, Hinz P, Kindel E, Koban I, Koch S, Kohlmann T, Lademann J, Matthes R, Müller G, Titze R, Weltmann KD, Kramer A. Antiseptic efficacy and tolerance of tissue-tolerable plasma compared with two wound antiseptics on artificially bacterially contaminated eyes from commercially slaughtered pigs. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2010; 23:328-32. [PMID: 20588084 DOI: 10.1159/000314724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2010] [Accepted: 04/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare the tissue tolerance and efficacy of two wound antiseptics with tissue-tolerable plasma (TTP) on enucleated contaminated eyes from slaughtered pigs in order to draw consequences for the use of TTP on wounds. METHOD The corneas of extracted eyes were contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus or Pseudomonas aeruginosa. One and 10 min after application of 10% povidone (PVP)-iodine and 0.04% polyhexanide, respectively, the eyes were rinsed with inactivating solution. To test TTP, the plasma pen meandered over the eyes at a speed of 30 mm/s and a distance of 5 mm; the eyes were then rinsed with balanced salt solution. The reduction factor was calculated by the difference between the logarithm of colony-forming units in the rinse before and after antisepsis or TTP application. RESULTS The efficacy of TTP (reduction factor 2.4-2.9) was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than that of PVP-iodine and polyhexanide (reduction factor 1.7-2.1). CONCLUSION TTP is more effective than the tested wound antiseptics. The lack of histological damage to the eyes of slaughtered pigs would seem to make its use as a wound antiseptic a viable alternative. In contrast to antiseptics, it supplies additional energy in the form of heat, electric fields and radicals by TTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hammann
- Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
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Bender C, Cavelius C, Zabel B, Kirschner J, Korinthenberg R, Henschen M. Kongenitale myotubuläre Myopathie als seltene Ursache einer postnatalen Asphyxie – Fallbeispiel. Klin Padiatr 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1261508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Merzkirch C, Bender C, Lichte K, Schwanz T, Do Duc L, Henschen M. Serratia marcescens als Ursache für eine Meningoenzephalitis mit multiplen Hirnabszessen bei einem Neugeborenem. Klin Padiatr 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1261531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Bender C, Neumann KY, Komini E, Enders M, Schwanz T, Henschen M. Zytomegalie (CMV) – die häufigste konnatale Infektion des Neugeborenen und doch noch ohne „State of the Art“…. Klin Padiatr 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1261575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Starmann J, Blaich S, Bender C, Armbruster H, Mannsperger H, Lange B, Korf U, Sültmann H. 761 Reverse-phase protein arrays as a tool to discover mutation-associated alterations in cell signaling pathways. EJC Suppl 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(10)71557-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Kienle N, Bender C, Neumann KY, Seeborg K, Kerst G, Henschen M. Hydrops fetalis –Ätiologie und Differenzialdiagnose des Hydrops am Beispiel eines Frühgeborenen der 29. SSW. Klin Padiatr 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1261506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Hübner NO, Matthes R, Koban I, Rändler C, Müller G, Bender C, Kindel E, Kocher T, Kramer A. Efficacy of Chlorhexidine, Polihexanide and Tissue-Tolerable Plasma against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms Grown on Polystyrene and Silicone Materials. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2010; 23 Suppl:28-34. [DOI: 10.1159/000318265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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de Olmos S, Bender C, de Olmos JS, Lorenzo A. Neurodegeneration and prolonged immediate early gene expression throughout cortical areas of the rat brain following acute administration of dizocilpine. Neuroscience 2009; 164:1347-59. [PMID: 19772897 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2009] [Accepted: 09/13/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist drugs (NMDA-A), such as dizocilpine (MK801), induce long-lasting behavioral disturbances reminiscent to psychotic disorders in humans. To identify cortical structures affected by NMDA-A, we used a single dose of MK801 (10 mg/kg) that caused low and high neurodegeneration in intact and orchiectomized male rats, respectively. Degenerating somas (neuronal death) and axonal/synaptic endings (terminal degeneration) were depicted by a silver technique, and functionally affected cortical neuronal subpopulations by Egr-1, c-Fos, and FosB/DeltaFosB-immunolabeling. In intact males, MK801 triggered a c-Fos induction that remained high for more than 24 h in selected layers of the retrosplenial, somatosensory and entorhinal cortices. MK801-induced neurodegeneration reached its peak at 72 h. Degenerating somas were restricted to layer IV of the granular subdivision of the retrosplenial cortex, and were accompanied by suppression of Egr-1 immunolabeling. Terminal degeneration extended to selected layers of the retrosplenial, somatosensory and parahippocampal cortices, which are target areas of retrosplenial cortex. Induction of FosB/DeltaFosB by MK801 also extended to the same cortical layers affected by terminal degeneration, likely reflecting the damage of synaptic connectivity. In orchiectomized males, the neurodegenerative and functional effects of MK801 were exacerbated. Degenerative somas in layer IV of the retrosplenial cortex significantly increased, with a parallel enhancement of terminal degeneration and FosB/DeltaFosB-expression in the mentioned cortical structures, but no additional areas were affected. These observations reveal that synaptic dysfunction/degeneration in the retrosplenial, somatosensory and parahippocampal cortices might underlie the long-lasting impairments induced by NMDA-A.
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Affiliation(s)
- S de Olmos
- Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra (INIMEC-CONICET), Friuli 2434, 5016-Córdoba, Argentina
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Bender C, Komini E, Roth A, Zieger B, Rädecke J, Henschen M. Erfolgreiche konservative Therapie einer akzidentellen Perforation des Ösophagus bei einem extremen Frühgeborenen. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1223150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Neumann KYE, Kienle N, Henschen M, Grünert S, Pohl M, Bender C. Notfallmäßige Versorgung sowie Differentialdiagnose einer lebensbedrohlichen Elektrolytentgleisung beim Neugeborenen. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1223042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Bölke C, Bender C, Keller M, Hildebrandt D, Henkes M, Henschen M. Sinusarrest bei einem Frühgeborenen: ungewöhnliche Nebenwirkung nach pränataler Chemotherapie. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1223078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Martinsohn-Schittkowski W, Bender C, Tolzin C. ADHS – Bekanntheit allein heilt nicht. Gesundheitswesen 2009; 71:102-10; quiz 111-4. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1067556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Oberst A, Bender C, Green DR. Living with death: the evolution of the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis in animals. Cell Death Differ 2008; 15:1139-46. [PMID: 18451868 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2008.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial pathway of cell death, in which apoptosis proceeds following mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, release of cytochrome c, and APAF-1 apoptosome-mediated caspase activation, represents the major pathway of physiological apoptosis in vertebrates. However, the well-characterized apoptotic pathways of the invertebrates C. elegans and D. melanogaster indicate that this apoptotic pathway is not universally conserved among animals. This review will compare the role of the mitochondria in the apoptotic programs of mammals, nematodes, and flies, and will survey our knowledge of the apoptotic pathways of other, less familiar model organisms in an effort to explore the evolutionary origins of the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Oberst
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
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Bender C, Roth A, Buck P, Hainmann I, Zieger B, Budde U, Dittrich S, Henschen M. Hämostaseologischer Notfall bei einem extremen Frühgeborenen: großer intrakardialer Thrombus mit konsekutivem Kreislaufversagen und Anurie – erfolgreiche Lysetherapie mit Urokinase und Orgaran. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1078924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Lopes Videira D, Bender C, Komini E, Hofbeck M, Häberle J, Korall H, Scheible D, Trefz FK, Henschen M. N-Acetylglutamat-Synthetase-Defekt – die seltenste Form der Harnstoffzyklusstörungen – Therapiemöglichkeiten anhand eines Fallberichts. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1079039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Eigner U, Holfelder M, Wild U, Bender C, Kirstahler M, Turnwald A, Witte W, Weizenegger M, Fahr A. O21 Evaluation of a rapid molecular dipstick assay for the direct detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in clinical specimens. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(07)70020-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Roth A, Buck P, Zieger B, Buchenau W, Arand J, Holland-Cunz S, Bender C, Henschen M. Fallbericht: Interstitielles Emphysem mit ausgeprägter Pseudozystenbildung bei einem Frühgeborenen trotz milder Beatmung. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-983244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Lichte K, Bender C, Komini E, Korall H, Trefz FK, Henschen M. Fallbericht: Vorsicht mit der Diagnose Schütteltrauma! Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-983256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Merzkirch C, Bender C, Glöckler M, Wissert J, Nicolai T, Henschen M. Asphyxierende Thoraxdysplasie bei Jeune-Syndrom – Therapeutische Optionen und Prognose anhand zweier Kasuistiken. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-946270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Bender C, Baden W, Glöckler M, Ziemer G, Schäfer J, Hofbeck M, Henschen M. Stridor congenitus – im Einzelfall eine differentialdiagnostische Herausforderung. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-946209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Fletcher J, Bender C, Budowle B, Cobb WT, Gold SE, Ishimaru CA, Luster D, Melcher U, Murch R, Scherm H, Seem RC, Sherwood JL, Sobral BW, Tolin SA. Plant pathogen forensics: capabilities, needs, and recommendations. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2006; 70:450-71. [PMID: 16760310 PMCID: PMC1489535 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00022-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A biological attack on U.S. crops, rangelands, or forests could reduce yield and quality, erode consumer confidence, affect economic health and the environment, and possibly impact human nutrition and international relations. Preparedness for a crop bioterror event requires a strong national security plan that includes steps for microbial forensics and criminal attribution. However, U.S. crop producers, consultants, and agricultural scientists have traditionally focused primarily on strategies for prevention and management of diseases introduced naturally or unintentionally rather than on responding appropriately to an intentional pathogen introduction. We assess currently available information, technologies, and resources that were developed originally to ensure plant health but also could be utilized for postintroduction plant pathogen forensics. Recommendations for prioritization of efforts and resource expenditures needed to enhance our plant pathogen forensics capabilities are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Fletcher
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
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Bender C, Baden W, Glöckler M, Ziemer G, Schäfer J, Hofbeck M, Henschen M. Stridor congenitus – im Einzelfall eine differentialdiagnostische Herausforderung. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-943294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Merzkirch C, Bender C, Glöckler M, Wissert J, Nicolai T, Henschen M. Asphyxierende Thoraxdysplasie bei Jeune-Syndrom – Therapeutische Optionen und Prognose anhand zweier Kasuistiken. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-943355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Park LS, Sarnoff R, Bender C, Korenbrot C. Impact of recent welfare and immigration reforms on use of Medicaid for prenatal care by immigrants in California. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 2:5-22. [PMID: 16228728 DOI: 10.1023/a:1009583205346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates the impact of the recent welfare and immigration changes on the use of Medicaid by low-income pregnant immigrant women in California. The study presents findings from interviews with government officials, safety-net prenatal care providers, and immigrant advocates who serve low-income pregnant Asian and Latina immigrants at the national, state, or local levels. These informants spoke of policy actions that affect immigrants' abilities to use Medicaid for coverage of prenatal care. These actions include (1) the sharing of information between the California Department of Health Services and the federal Immigration and Naturalization Service, (2) the slow and confusing implementation of the reforms, and (3) the intimidating Medicaid eligibility process. The findings demonstrate how the policies changed the immigrant women's relationship with safety-net prenatal care providers, and sparked intense actions on the part of their advocates to sustain the women's access to perinatal care.
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Affiliation(s)
- L S Park
- Ethnic Studies and Women's Studies Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
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Kannan CV, Bender C, Ramsauer T, Franck P, Henschen M, Krüger M, Hentschel R. Primäre Intubation versus CPAP in der Erstversorgung von Frühgeborenen – eine retrospektive Studie. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-871437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Hentschel R, Franck P, Bender C, Müller C, Ramsauer T, Braun G, Abd ElMoneim E. Surfactantbehandlung und maschinelle Beatmung – Ergebnis einer prospektiven Studie. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-871372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Abstract
AIM Zygomatic implants have been introduced for the rehabilitation of patients with severe bone defects of the maxilla. The soft tissue aspects of the palatal emergence situation have not been described yet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and clinical impact of possible periimplant alterations of zygomatic implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS From 1998 to 2001 all patients with zygomatic implants were included into this study (24 patients, 37 zygomatic implants). One implant was lost in the loading phase giving a survival rate of 97%. Fourteen patients with 20 zygomatic implants fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were all available for the recall examination. Thirteen zygomatic implants were inserted in cases of severe maxillary atrophy, seven in cases of tumour-resection of the maxilla. Clinical examination and microbial analysis using a DNA probe was performed. The implants had a mean time in situ of 598 days (min: 326, max: 914). RESULTS Colonisation with periodontal pathogens was found at four of the 20 implants. A positive microbiologic result of the periimplant pocket and the maximum pocket probing depth were not statistically related. Nine of the 20 implants showed bleeding on probing, four of these had positive microbiologic results. At sites without bleeding on probing only negative microbiologic samples were found (p=0.026). The mean palatal and mesial probing depth was 1 mm deeper than at the vestibular and distal aspect. Thus at nine out of the 20 implants both, bleeding on probing and pocket probing depth >/=5 mm indicated soft tissue problems resulting in a success rate of only 55%. The patient's history (tumor versus atrophy) or smoking habits seemed not to have influence the situation. CONCLUSION These soft tissue problems should be taken into account if zygomatic implants are considered as an alternative therapy option in the maxilla.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Al-Nawas
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, Mainz, Germany.
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Hentschel R, Franck P, Bender C, Krüger M, Henschen M, Fürste HO, Abd El-Moneim E, Braun G. Surfactantbehandlung und maschinelle Beatmung – Ergebnis einer prospektiven Studie. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-829327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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