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Zhang L, Wu HZ, He PY, Cao HQ, Zhang WN, Peng YC, Sheng CW. Sublethal effect and detoxifying metabolism of metaflumizone and indoxacarb on the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2024; 201:105879. [PMID: 38685245 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), is a highly polyphagous invasive pest that damages various crops. Pesticide control is the most common and effective strategy to control FAW. In this study, we evaluated the toxicity of metaflumizone and indoxacarb against third-instar FAW larvae using the insecticide-incorporated artificial diet method under laboratory conditions. Both metaflumizone and indoxacarb exhibited substantial toxicity against FAW, with LC50 values of 2.43 and 14.66 mg/L at 72 h, respectively. The sublethal effects of metaflumizone and indoxacarb on parental and F1 generation FAW were investigated by exposing third-instar larvae to LC10 and LC30 concentrations of these insecticides. Sublethal exposure to these two insecticides significantly shortened adult longevity, extended pupal developmental times and led to reduced pupal weight, pupation rates, and adult fecundity in the treated parental generation and F1 generation at LC10 or LC30 concentrations, in comparison to the control group. The larval developmental times were shortened in the parental generation but prolonged in the F1 generation, after being treated with sublethal concentrations of metaflumizone. Furthermore, larvae exposed to LC10 or LC30 concentrations of indoxacarb exhibited elevated activity levels of cytochrome P450 monooxygenase and glutathione S-transferase, which coincides with the observed synergistic effect of piperonyl butoxide and diethyl maleate. In conclusion, the high toxicity and negative impact of metaflumizone and indoxacarb on FAW provided significant implications for the rational utilization of insecticides against this pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, the Key Laboratory of Agri-products Quality and Biosafety (Anhui Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Hui-Zi Wu
- Guizhou Provincial Tobacco Company Zunyi Branch, Zunyi 563000, PR China
| | - Pei-Yun He
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, the Key Laboratory of Agri-products Quality and Biosafety (Anhui Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Hai-Qun Cao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, the Key Laboratory of Agri-products Quality and Biosafety (Anhui Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Wan-Na Zhang
- Institute of Entomology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Ying-Chuan Peng
- Institute of Entomology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China.
| | - Cheng-Wang Sheng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, the Key Laboratory of Agri-products Quality and Biosafety (Anhui Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Hefei 230036, PR China.
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Chen J, Sheng CW, Peng Y, Wang K, Jiao Y, Palli SR, Cao H. Transcript Level and Sequence Matching Are Key Determinants of Off-Target Effects in RNAi. J Agric Food Chem 2024; 72:577-589. [PMID: 38135672 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) pesticides, those based on RNA interference (RNAi) technology utilizing dsRNA, have shown potential for pest control. However, the off-target effects of dsRNA pose limitations to the widespread application of RNAi and raise concerns regarding potential side effects on other beneficial organisms. The precise impact and underlying factors of these off-target effects are still not well understood. Here, we found that the transcript level and sequence matching jointly regulate off-target effects of dsRNA. The much lower expressed target genes were knocked down to a lesser extent than genes with higher expression levels, and the critical sequence identity of off-target effects is approximately 80%. Moreover, off-target effects could be triggered by a contiguous matching sequence length exceeding 15 nt as well as nearly perfectly matching sequences with one or two base mismatches exceeding 19 nt. Increasing the dosage of dsRNA leads to more severe off-target effects. However, the length of mismatched dsRNA, the choice of different RNAi targets, and the location of target sites within the same gene do not affect the severity of off-target effects. These parameters can be used to guide the design of possibly selective sequences for RNAi, optimize the specificity and efficiency of dsRNA, and facilitate practical applications of RNAi for pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiasheng Chen
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Cheng-Wang Sheng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yingchuan Peng
- Institute of Entomology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Kangxu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Yaoyu Jiao
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
| | - Subba Reddy Palli
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, United States
| | - Haiqun Cao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
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Wang XZ, Chen JS, Wang W, Niu DB, Wu HZ, Palli SR, Cao HQ, Sheng CW. Knockdown of the glutamate-gated chloride channel gene decreases emamectin benzoate susceptibility in the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2023; 196:105636. [PMID: 37945267 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Emamectin benzoate (EB), a derivative of avermectin, is the primary insecticide used to control the fall armyworm (FAW) in China. However, the specific molecular targets of EB against FAW remain unclear. In this study, we cloned the glutamate-gated chloride channel (GluCl) gene, which is known to be a primary molecular target for avermectin. We first investigated the transcript levels of SfGluCl in FAW and found that the expression level of SfGluCl in the head and nerve cord was significantly higher than that in other tissues. Furthermore, we found that the expression level of SfGluCl was significantly higher in eggs than that in other developmental stages, including larvae, pupae, and adults. Additionally, we identified three variable splice forms of SfGluCl in exons 3 and 9 and found that their splice frequencies remained unaffected by treatment with the LC50 of EB. RNAi mediated knockdown of SfGluCl showed a significant reduction of 42% and 65% after 48 and 72 h of dsRNA feeding, respectively. Importantly, knockdown of SfGluCl sifgnificantly reduced LC50 and LC90 EB treatment induced mortality of FAW larvae by 15% and 44%, respectively, compared to the control group feeding by dsEGFP. In contrast, there were no significant changes in the mortality of FAW larvae treated with the control insecticides chlorantraniliprole and spinetoram. Finally, molecular docking simulations revealed that EB bound to the large amino-terminal extracellular domain of SfGluCl by forming five hydrogen bonds, two alkyl hydrophobic interactions and one salt bridge. These findings strongly suggest that GluCl may serve as one of the molecular targets of EB in FAW, shedding light on the mode of action of this important insecticide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Zheng Wang
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Jia-Sheng Chen
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China; Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Duo-Bang Niu
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Hui-Zi Wu
- Guizhou Provincial Tobacco Company Zunyi Branch, Zunyi 563000, PR China
| | - Subba Reddy Palli
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - Hai-Qun Cao
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Cheng-Wang Sheng
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China.
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Wu YJ, Wang BJ, Wang MR, Peng YC, Cao HQ, Sheng CW. Control efficacy and joint toxicity of metaflumizone mixed with chlorantraniliprole or indoxacarb against the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda. Pest Manag Sci 2023; 79:1094-1101. [PMID: 36334007 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda is the main destructive pest of grain crops, and has led to substantial economic losses worldwide. Chemical pesticides are the most effective way to manage FAW. Here, a laboratory test using an artificial diet-incorporated assay was conducted to determine the toxicity of five insecticides and the joint effect of the binary combination insecticides to FAW larvae. A field plot test using foliar spray was carried out to assess the control efficacy of metaflumizone mixed with chlorantraniliprole or indoxacarb against FAW. RESULTS The bioassay results showed that metaflumizone had a stronger insecticidal effect than indoxacarb toward FAW larvae. Furthermore, the mixture of metaflumizone and chlorantraniliprole in a volume ratio of 3:7 had the strongest synergistic effect against FAW, with a co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) of 317.18. The best synergistic effect for mixtures of metaflumizone and indoxacarb was observed at a 1:9 volume ratio, with a CTC of 185.98. However, there was an antagonistic effect of metaflumizone mixed with emamectin benzoate and with lufenuron, because the co-toxic factor was less than -20 at volume ratios of 8:2 and 9:1, respectively. According to the results of the field trial, metaflumizone mixed with chlorantraniliprole or indoxacarb at a 50% reduction of the application rate can effectively control FAW with efficacy ranging from 77.73% to 94.65% 1-7 days postapplication. CONCLUSION Overall, our findings suggest that metaflumizone and its binary combination insecticides can be utilized in FAW integrated pest management programs. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jie Wu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Bing-Jie Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Meng-Ru Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Chuan Peng
- Institute of Entomology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Qun Cao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P.R. China
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Cheng-Wang Sheng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P.R. China
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P.R. China
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Yin X, Yang GF, Niu DB, Chen J, Liao M, Cao HQ, Sheng CW. Identification and pharmacological characterization of histamine-gated chloride channels in the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 140:103698. [PMID: 34848284 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2021.103698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Histamine-gated chloride channels (HACls) mediate fast inhibitory neurotransmission in invertebrate nervous systems and have important roles in light reception, color processing, temperature preference and light-dark cycle. The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda is a main destructive pest of grain and row crops. However, the pharmacological characterization of HACls in S. frugiperda remain unknown. In this study, we identified two cDNAs encoding SfHACl1 and SfHACl2 in S. frugiperda. They had similar expression patterns and were most abundantly expressed in the head of larvae and at the egg stage. Electrophysiological analysis with the two-electrode voltage clamp method showed that histamine (HA) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) activated inward currents when SfHACls were singly or collectively expressed with different ratios in Xenopus laevis oocytes. These channels were ≥2000-fold more sensitive to HA than to GABA. They were anion-selective channels, which were highly dependent on changes in external chloride concentrations, but insensitive to changes in external sodium concentrations. The insecticides abamectin (ABM) and emamectin benzoate (EB) also activated these channels with the EC50 to SfHACl1 lower than that to SfHACl2. And the EC50s of ABM and EB to the co-expressed channels gradually increased with increase in the injection ratio of SfHACl2 cRNA. Homology models and docking simulations revealed that HA bound to the large amino-terminal extracellular domain of SfHACl1 and SfHACl2 by forming 4 and 2 hydrogen bonds, respectively. The docking simulations of ABM and EB had similar binding sites in the transmembrane regions. Overall, these findings indicated that HACls act as targets for macrolide, and this study provides theoretical guidance for further derivatization of abamectin insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yin
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Guo-Feng Yang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Duo-Bang Niu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Jiao Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, PR China
| | - Min Liao
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Hai-Qun Cao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China; Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China.
| | - Cheng-Wang Sheng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China; Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China.
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Jiang J, Huang LX, Chen F, Sheng CW, Huang QT, Han ZJ, Zhao CQ. Novel alternative splicing of GABA receptor RDL exon 9 from Laodelphax striatellus modulates agonist potency. Insect Sci 2021; 28:757-768. [PMID: 32293803 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The resistance to dieldrin gene (RDL) encodes the primary subunit of the insect ionotropic γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor (GABAR), which is the target of phenylpyrazole and isoxazoline insecticides. The splice variants in exons 3 and 6 of RDL, which have been widely explored in many insects, modulate the agonist potency of the homomeric RDL GABAR and potentially play an important role in the development of insects. In the present study, four splice variants of exon 9 were identified in RDL of the small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus (LsRDL), resulting in LsRDL-9a, LsRDL-9a', LsRDL-9b, and LsRDL-9c. LsRDL-9a has one more amino acid (E, glutamic acid) compared with LsRDL-9a', and LsRDL-9b lacked two amino acids and had seven different amino acids compared with LsRDL-9c. Two-electrode voltage-clamp recording on LsRDLs expressed in Xenopus oocytes showed that alternative splicing of exon 9 has significant impact on LsRDL sensitivity to the agonists GABA and β-alanine, whereas no significant difference was observed in the potencies of the non-competitive antagonists (NCAs) ethiprole and fluralaner on the splice variants. Our results suggest that alternative splicing of RDL exon 9 broadens functional capabilities of the GABAR in L. striatellus by influencing the action of GABA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Jiang
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li-Xin Huang
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng-Wang Sheng
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Qiu-Tang Huang
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhao-Jun Han
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun-Qing Zhao
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Jiang XC, Liu S, Jiang XY, Wang ZW, Xiao JJ, Gao Q, Sheng CW, Shi TF, Zeng HR, Yu LS, Cao HQ. Identification of Olfactory Genes From the Greater Wax Moth by Antennal Transcriptome Analysis. Front Physiol 2021; 12:663040. [PMID: 34093226 PMCID: PMC8172125 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.663040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The olfactory system is used by insects to find hosts, mates, and oviposition sites. Insects have different types of olfactory proteins, including odorant-binding proteins (OBPs), chemosensory proteins (CSPs), odorant receptors (ORs), ionotropic receptors (IRs), and sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs) to perceive chemical cues from the environment. The greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella, is an important lepidopteran pest of apiculture. However, the molecular mechanism underlying odorant perception in this species is unclear. In this study, we performed transcriptome sequencing of G. mellonella antennae to identify genes involved in olfaction. A total of 42,544 unigenes were obtained by assembling the transcriptome. Functional classification of these unigenes was determined by searching against the Gene Ontology (GO), eukaryotic orthologous groups (KOG), and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases. We identified a total of 102 olfactory-related genes: 21 OBPs, 18 CSPs, 43 ORs, 18 IRs, and 2 SNMPs. Results from BLASTX best hit and phylogenetic analyses showed that most of the genes had a close relationship with orthologs from other Lepidoptera species. A large number of OBPs and CSPs were tandemly arrayed in the genomic scaffolds and formed gene clusters. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR results showed that GmelOBP19 and GmelOR47 are mainly expressed in male antennae. This work provides a transcriptome resource for olfactory genes in G. mellonella, and the findings pave the way for studying the function of these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Chuan Jiang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Su Liu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiu-Yun Jiang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Zheng-Wei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Jin-Jing Xiao
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Quan Gao
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Cheng-Wang Sheng
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Teng-Fei Shi
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Hua-Rui Zeng
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Lin-Sheng Yu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Hai-Qun Cao
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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Sheng CW, Huang QT, Liu GY, Ren XX, Jiang J, Jia ZQ, Han ZJ, Zhao CQ. Neurotoxicity and mode of action of fluralaner on honeybee Apis mellifera L. Pest Manag Sci 2019; 75:2901-2909. [PMID: 31081291 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fluralaner, a novel pesticide that targets the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor (GABAR) subunit of resistant to dieldrin (RDL), exhibits strong potential to be an insecticide to control agricultural insect pests. However, the risk and action of fluralaner to economic insects, e.g., honeybee Apis mellifera Linnaeus, remains unclear. RESULTS In this study, both oral and contact toxicity of fluralaner to honeybee were found to be 0.13 μg adult-1 . Abamectin, dieldrin, ethiprole, α-endosulfan, fipronil and fluralaner strongly inhibited the GABA-induced current in A. mellifera RDL (AmRDL), expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, with median inhibitory concentration (IC50 ) values of 7.99, 868.1, 27.10, 412.0, 11.21 and 13.59 nM, respectively. The binding free energy and electrophysiological response of AmRDL and insecticides were opposite. The correlation values between toxicity (to A. mellifera) and binding free energy/electrophysiological inhibition (to AmRDL) were at a moderate level. CONCLUSION In conclusion, we report for the first time the notable risk of fluralaner to honeybee in vivo and compared the actions of GABAR-targeted insecticides on the AmRDL receptor. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Wang Sheng
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Qiu-Tang Huang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Gen-Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, China
| | - Xue-Xiang Ren
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Products Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhong-Qiang Jia
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhao-Jun Han
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Chun-Qing Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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Huang QT, Sheng CW, Jiang J, Tang T, Jia ZQ, Han ZJ, Zhao CQ. Interaction of insecticides with heteromeric GABA-gated chloride channels from zebrafish Danio rerio (Hamilton). J Hazard Mater 2019; 366:643-650. [PMID: 30580138 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.11.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The ionotropic GABAA receptor (GABAAR) is the main fast inhibitory post-synaptic receptor and is also an important insecticidal target. Effect of insecticides on fish has attracted intensive attention. However, no systematic study on heteromeric zebrafish GABAAR expressed in oocytes has been reported to date. In this study, the α1 subunit, the β2S subunit lacking 47 amino acid residues compared with the β2L subunit, and the γ2 subunit having five transmembrane domains were isolated from zebrafish Danio rerio. The responses of homomeric and heteromeric (α1, β2S and γ2) channels to agonists and GABAAR-targeted compounds were detected with two-electrode voltage clamp. Dose-dependent responses were observed in heteromeric α1β2S, β2Sγ2, and α1β2Sγ2 GABAR channels with EC50 values at 21.75, 6291, and 33.69 μM for GABA-induced current and 3.28, 155.5, and 3.79 mM for β-alanine-induced current, respectively. However, no response was induced by benzamidine in all GABAR channels. Abamectin, dieldrin, fluralaner and fipronil could strongly inhibited GABA-induced inward current ≥50% at 10-6 M, while α-endosulfan, flufiprole and ethiprole only inhibited GABA-induced current <50%. This study has clarified the interaction of insecticides with the heteromeric GABAAR channel, which could help us further explore the potential function and toxicological importance of GABAARs from D. rerio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Tang Huang
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Cheng-Wang Sheng
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Tao Tang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, PR China
| | - Zhong-Qiang Jia
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Zhao-Jun Han
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Chun-Qing Zhao
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China.
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Jia ZQ, Sheng CW, Tang T, Liu D, Leviticus K, Zhao CQ, Chang XL. Identification of the ionotropic GABA receptor-like subunits from the striped stem borer, Chilo suppressalis Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Pestic Biochem Physiol 2019; 155:36-44. [PMID: 30857625 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ionotropic γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors (GABARs) mediate rapid inhibitory neurotransmission in both vertebrates and invertebrates, and are important molecular targets of insecticides. However, components of insect GABARs remain elusive. In addition to CsRDL1 and CsRDL2, the complementary DNAs (cDNAs) of another two GABA receptor-like subunits, CsLCCH3 and Cs8916, were identified from the rice striped stem borer, Chilo suppressalis Walker in the present study. Both CsLCCH3 and Cs8916 subunits shared common structural features, such as a highly-conserved Cys-loop structure, six distinct regions involved in ligand binding (loops A-F), and four transmembrane domains (TM 1-4). Transcript analysis demonstrated that the relative mRNA expression levels of both CsLCCH3 and Cs8916 subunits were the highest in the ventral nerve cord. Regarding developmental stage, transcript levels of both subunits were highest in eggs. Injections of double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs), including dsRDL1, dsRDL2, dsLCCH3, or ds8916, significantly reduced mRNA abundance after 24 and 48 h. However, no observable effects on the development of C. suppressalis were observed. Injection of dsRDL1 or dsRDL2 did significantly reduce the mortality of C. suppressalis treated with fluralaner. Our results indicated that CsRDLs mediated the susceptibility of C. suppressalis to fluralaner, whereas CsLCCH3 and CsL8916 did not. The current investigation enhances our knowledge of Lepidopteran GABARs and offers a molecular basis for the development of novel insecticides to control C. suppressalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Qiang Jia
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Cheng-Wang Sheng
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Tao Tang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Di Liu
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Kipchoge Leviticus
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chun-Qing Zhao
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Xiao-Li Chang
- Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Low-carbon Agriculture, Shanghai 201403, China.
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Liu D, Jia ZQ, Peng YC, Sheng CW, Tang T, Xu L, Han ZJ, Zhao CQ. Toxicity and sublethal effects of fluralaner on Spodoptera litura Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Pestic Biochem Physiol 2018; 152:8-16. [PMID: 30497715 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The increasing occurrence of resistance to chemical insecticides in insect pest populations is a serious threat to the integrity of current pest management strategies, and exploring new alternative chemistries is one important way to overcome this obstacle. Fluralaner, as a novel isoxazoline insecticide, has broad spectrum activity against a variety of insect pests, but little data is available about its effect on Lepidopterans. The effects of fluralaner on Spodoptera litura Fabricius, a widespread and polyphagous pest, were evaluated in the present study. Our results showed younger larvae were more susceptible to fluralaner treatment, but feeding and topical applications were similarly effective in 3rd instar larvae. Synergism assays indicated that piperonyl butoxide (PBO) could increase the toxicity of fluralaner to S. litura to a certain degree and P450 may be involved in the detoxification of fluralaner in vivo. Sublethal developmental effects included reduced larval body weight, decreased pupation and emergence, and notched wings in adults, accompanied by changes in the transcript levels of chitinase 5 (CHT5) and juvenile hormone acid methyltransferase (Jhamt), genes vital for insect development. Above results manifested that fluralaner is highly toxic to S. litura larvae via either topical or oral application and provide an indication of how this insecticide is metabolized in vivo. Further, our results provided a foundation for further development of fluralaner as a new tool in insect pest management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops in Eastern China (Ministry of Agriculture of China), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhong-Qiang Jia
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops in Eastern China (Ministry of Agriculture of China), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ying-Chuan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops in Eastern China (Ministry of Agriculture of China), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Cheng-Wang Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops in Eastern China (Ministry of Agriculture of China), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Tao Tang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Zhao-Jun Han
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops in Eastern China (Ministry of Agriculture of China), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chun-Qing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops in Eastern China (Ministry of Agriculture of China), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Sheng CW, Casida JE, Durkin KA, Chen F, Han ZJ, Zhao CQ. Fiprole insecticide resistance of Laodelphax striatellus: electrophysiological and molecular docking characterization of A2'N RDL GABA receptors. Pest Manag Sci 2018; 74:2645-2651. [PMID: 29718557 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phenylpyrazole (fiprole) insecticides, including ethiprole, fipronil and flufiprole with excellent activity on rice planthoppers, are very important in Asia but resistance has developed after decades of use. The molecular mechanism of fipronil- but not ethiprole-resistance has been previously studied in rice planthoppers. In our laboratory, a small brown planthopper Laodelphax striatellus strain with ethiprole-resistance was cultured and the molecular mechanisms of ethiprole resistance and of cross-resistance among fiprole insecticides were investigated. RESULTS Ethiprole-resistant L. striatellus has >5000-fold resistance compared to the susceptible strain, and exhibits around 200-fold cross-resistance with fipronil and flufiprole. RDL genes were isolated from susceptible and ethiprole-resistant L. striatellus and expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Electrophysiological studies showed fiprole insecticides inhibited γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-induced current with IC50 = 0.1-1.4 μM to LsRDL-S homomers. In LsRDL-R with A2'N mutation, only 1-13% inhibition was observed on treatment with 10 μM ethiprole, fipronil or flufiprole. Homology models indicate A2'N mutation allows crosslinking hydrogen bonding between Asn sidechains at the 2' position around the channel pore, blocking insecticides from interacting near this position. In contrast, insecticides showed favorable binding near A2' in wild-type L. striatellus. CONCLUSION Cross-resistance is increasing for fiprole insecticides in L. striatellus and management strategies are necessary to minimize resistance. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Wang Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops in Eastern China (Ministry of Agriculture of China), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - John E Casida
- Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Kathleen A Durkin
- Molecular Graphics and Computation Facility, College of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Feng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops in Eastern China (Ministry of Agriculture of China), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhao-Jun Han
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops in Eastern China (Ministry of Agriculture of China), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun-Qing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops in Eastern China (Ministry of Agriculture of China), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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13
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Sheng CW, Jia ZQ, Ozoe Y, Huang QT, Han ZJ, Zhao CQ. Molecular cloning, spatiotemporal and functional expression of GABA receptor subunits RDL1 and RDL2 of the rice stem borer Chilo suppressalis. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 94:18-27. [PMID: 29408355 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Insect γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor (GABAR) is one of the major targets of insecticides. In the present study, cDNAs (CsRDL1A and CsRDL2S) encoding the two isoforms of RDL subunits were cloned from the rice stem borer Chilo suppressalis. Transcripts of both genes demonstrated similar expression patterns in different tissues and developmental stages, although CsRDL2S was ∼2-fold more abundant than CsRDL1A throughout all development stages. To investigate the function of channels formed by CsRDL subunits, both genes were expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes singly or in combination in different ratios. Electrophysiological results using a two-electrode voltage clamp demonstrated that GABA activated currents in oocytes injected with both cRNAs. The EC50 value of GABA in activating currents was smaller in oocytes co-injected with CsRDL1A and CsRDL2S than in oocytes injected singly. The IC50 value of the insecticide fluralaner in inhibiting GABA responses was smaller in oocytes co-injected with different cRNAs than in oocytes injected singly. Co-injection also changed the potency of the insecticide dieldrin in oocytes injected singly. These findings suggested that heteromeric GABARs were formed by the co-injections of CsRDL1A and CsRDL2S in oocytes. Although the presence of Ser at the 2'-position in the second transmembrane segment was responsible for the insensitivity of GABARs to dieldrin, this amino acid did not affect the potencies of the insecticides fipronil and fluralaner. These results lead us to hypothesize that C. suppressalis may adapt to insecticide pressure by regulating the expression levels of CsRDL1A and CsRDL2S and the composition of both subunits in GABARs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Wang Sheng
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhong-Qiang Jia
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yoshihisa Ozoe
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
| | - Qiu-Tang Huang
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhao-Jun Han
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chun-Qing Zhao
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China.
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14
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Jia ZQ, Liu D, Sheng CW, Casida JE, Wang C, Song PP, Chen YM, Han ZJ, Zhao CQ. Acute toxicity, bioconcentration, elimination and antioxidant effects of fluralaner in zebrafish, Danio rerio. Environ Pollut 2018; 232:183-190. [PMID: 28923341 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Fluralaner is a novel isoxazoline insecticide which shows high insecticidal activity against parasitic, sanitary and agricultural pests, but there is little information about the effect of fluralaner on non-target organisms. This study reports the acute toxicity, bioconcentration, elimination and antioxidant response of fluralaner in zebrafish. All LC50 values of fluralaner to zebrafish were higher than 10 mg L-1 at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. To study the bioconcentration and elimination, the zebrafish were exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of fluralaner (2.00 and 0.20 mg L-1) for 15 d and then held 6 d in clean water. The results showed medium BCF of fluralaner with values of 12.06 (48 h) and 21.34 (144 h) after exposure to 2.00 and 0.20 mg L-1 fluralaner, respectively. In the elimination process, a concentration of only 0.113 mg kg-1 was found in zebrafish on the 6th day after removal to clean water. After exposure in 2.00 mg L-1 fluralaner, the enzyme activities of SOD, CAT, and GST, GSH-PX, CarE and content of MDA were measured. Only CAT and CarE activities were significantly regulated and the others stayed at a stable level compared to the control group. Meanwhile, transcriptional expression of CYP1C2, CYP1D1, CYP11A were significantly down-regulated at 12 h exposed to 2.00 mg L-1 of fluralaner. Except CYP1D1, others CYPs were up-regulated at different time during exposure periods. Fluralaner and its formulated product (BRAVECTO®) are of low toxicity to zebrafish and are rapidly concentrated in zebrafish and eliminated after exposure in clean water. Antioxidant defense and metabolic systems were involved in the fluralaner-induced toxicity. Among them, the activities of CAT and CarE, and most mRNA expression level of CYPs showed fast response to the sub-lethal concentration of fluralaner, which could be used as a biomarker relevant to the toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Qiang Jia
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Di Liu
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Cheng-Wang Sheng
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - John E Casida
- Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3112, United States
| | - Chen Wang
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Ping-Ping Song
- Jiangsu Centre for Research and Development of Medicinal Plants, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yu-Ming Chen
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhao-Jun Han
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Chun-Qing Zhao
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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15
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Peng YC, Sheng CW, Casida JE, Zhao CQ, Han ZJ. Ryanodine receptor genes of the rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis: Molecular cloning, alternative splicing and expression profiling. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2017; 135:69-77. [PMID: 28043334 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The ryanodine receptor (RyR) of the calcium release channel is the main target of anthranilic and phthalic diamide insecticides which have high selective insecticidal activity relative to mammalian toxicity. In this study, the full-length cDNA of Chilo suppressalis RyR (CsRyR) was isolated and characterized. The CsRyR mRNA has an open reading frame (ORF) of 15,387bp nucleotides, which encodes 5128 amino acids with GenBank ID: KR088972. Comparison of protein sequences showed that CsRyR shared high identities with other insects of 77-96% and lower identity to mammals and nematodes with only 42-45%. One alternative splicing site (KENLG) unique to Lepidoptera was found and two exclusive exons of CsRyR (I /II) were revealed. Spatial and temporal expression of CsRyR mRNA was at the highest relative level in 3rd instar larvae and head (including brain and muscle), and at the lowest expression level in egg and fat body. The expression levels of whole body CsRyR mRNA were increased remarkably after injection of 4th instar larvae with chlorantraniliprole at 0.004 to 0.4μg/g. This structural and functional information on CsRyR provides the basis for further understanding the selective action of chlorantraniliprole and possibly other diamide insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Peng
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - C W Sheng
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - John E Casida
- Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3112, USA
| | - C Q Zhao
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
| | - Z J Han
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
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