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Andrés S, Gini C, Ceciliani F, Gutiérrez-Expósito D, Arteche-Villasol N, Martín A, Cremonesi P, Faré F, Ghaffari MH, Giráldez FJ, Abdennebi-Najar L. Essential oil supplementation in milk replacers: short- and long-term impacts on feed efficiency, the faecal microbiota and the plasma metabolome in dairy calves. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2024; 15:e5. [PMID: 38563206 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174424000084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Early supplementation with oregano essential oil (EO) in milk replacer (MR) may improve growth, immune responses, the microbiota and the metabolome in dairy calves during pre-weaning and in adulthood. Sixteen female dairy calves (3 days of age) were divided in two groups (n = 8/group): the control group (no EO) and the EO group (0.23 ml of EO in MR during 45 days). After weaning, calves were kept in a feedlot and fed ad libitum. The animals were weighed, and blood and faecal samples were collected on days 3 (T0), 45 (T1) and 370 (T2) to measure the biochemical profile and characterise peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs; CD4+, CD8+, CD14+, CD21+ and WC1+), the metabolome and microbiota composition. The EO group only had greater average daily weight gain during the suckling (EO supplementation) period (P = 0.030). The EO group showed higher average CD14+ population (monocytes) values, a lower abundance of Ruminococcaceae UCG-014, Faecalibacterium, Blautia and Alloprevotella and increased abundances of Allistipes and Akkermansia. The modification of some metabolites in plasma, such as butyric acid, 3-indole-propionic acid and succinic acid, particularly at T1, are consistent with intestinal microbiota changes. The data suggest that early EO supplementation increases feed efficiency only during the suckling period with notable changes in the microbiota and plasma metabolome; however, not all of these changes can be considered desirable from a gut health point of view. Additional research studies is required to demonstrate that EOs are a viable natural alternative to antibiotics for improving calf growth performance and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Andrés
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-Universidad de León), León, Spain
| | - Chiara Gini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Ceciliani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi, Italy
| | - Daniel Gutiérrez-Expósito
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-Universidad de León), León, Spain
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Noive Arteche-Villasol
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-Universidad de León), León, Spain
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Alba Martín
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-Universidad de León), León, Spain
| | - Paola Cremonesi
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, Genomics, Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, IBBA-CNR, Milano, Italy
| | - Fiorenza Faré
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Morteza Hosseini Ghaffari
- Institute for Animal Science Physiology Unit, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - F Javier Giráldez
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-Universidad de León), León, Spain
| | - Latifa Abdennebi-Najar
- Quality and Health Department, IDELE Institute, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Sorbonne University, Paris, France
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Lecchi C, Ceciliani F, Petrini S, Cappelli G, Grassi C, Balestrieri A, Galiero G, DeCarlo E, Salvi G, Panzeri F, Gini C, Cafiso A, Agazzi A, Martucciello A. Endogenous and viral microRNAs in nasal secretions of water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) after Bubaline alphaherpesvirus 1 (BuHV-1) challenge infection. Vet Res 2023; 54:44. [PMID: 37277883 PMCID: PMC10242922 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-023-01175-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bubaline alphaherpesvirus 1 (BuHV-1) is a pathogen of water buffaloes responsible for economic loss worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression produced by alphaherpesviruses and hosts. This study aimed at (a) unravelling the ability of BuHV-1 to produce miRNAs, including hv1-miR-B6, hv1-miR-B8, hv1-miR-B9; (b) measuring the host immune-related miRNAs associated to herpesvirus infection, including miR-210-3p, miR-490-3p, miR-17-5p, miR-148a-3p, miR-338-3p, miR-370-3p, by RT-qPCR; (c) identifying candidate markers of infection by receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves; (d) exploiting the biological functions by pathway enrichment analyses. Five water buffaloes BuHV-1 and Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) free were immunized against Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR). Five additional water buffaloes served as negative controls. All animals were challenged with a virulent wild-type (wt) BuHV-1 via the intranasal route 120 days after the first vaccination. Nasal swabs were obtained at days (d) 0, 2, 4, 7, 10, 15, 30, and 63 post-challenge (pc). The animals of both groups shed wt BuHV-1 up to d7 pc. Results demonstrated that (a) miRNAs produced by the host and BuHV-1 could be efficiently quantified in the nasal secretion up to d63 and d15 pc, respectively; b) the levels of host and BuHV-1 miRNAs are different between vaccinated and control buffaloes; c) miR-370-3p discriminated vaccinated and control animals; d) host immune-related miRNAs may modulate genes involved in the cell adhesion pathway of the neuronal and immune system. Overall, the present study provides evidence that miRNAs can be detected in nasal secretions of water buffaloes and that their expression is modulated by BuHV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stefano Petrini
- National Reference Centre for Bovine Infectious Rhinotracheitis (IBR), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Dell'Umbria E Delle Marche "Togo Rosati", 06126, Perugia, PG, Italy
| | - Giovanna Cappelli
- National Reference Centre for Hygiene and Technologies of Water Buffalo Farming and Productions (CReNBuf), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute 2, 80055, Portici, NA, Italy
| | - Carlo Grassi
- National Reference Centre for Hygiene and Technologies of Water Buffalo Farming and Productions (CReNBuf), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute 2, 80055, Portici, NA, Italy
| | - Anna Balestrieri
- National Reference Centre for Hygiene and Technologies of Water Buffalo Farming and Productions (CReNBuf), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute 2, 80055, Portici, NA, Italy
| | - Giorgio Galiero
- National Reference Centre for Hygiene and Technologies of Water Buffalo Farming and Productions (CReNBuf), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute 2, 80055, Portici, NA, Italy
| | - Ester DeCarlo
- National Reference Centre for Hygiene and Technologies of Water Buffalo Farming and Productions (CReNBuf), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute 2, 80055, Portici, NA, Italy
| | - Gaspare Salvi
- Università Degli Studi Di Milano, 26900, Lodi, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Gini
- Università Degli Studi Di Milano, 26900, Lodi, Italy
| | | | | | - Alessandra Martucciello
- National Reference Centre for Hygiene and Technologies of Water Buffalo Farming and Productions (CReNBuf), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute 2, 80055, Portici, NA, Italy
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Bertola L, Turchetti S, Gini C, Ferrari R, Chiti L, Stefanello D, Manfredi M, De Zani D, Ceciliani F, Recordati C, Lecchi C. MIR-21 Expression in Sentinel Lymph Nodes as Biomarker of Nodal Metastasis in Dogs with Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumours. J Comp Pathol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2021.11.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lecchi C, Zamarian V, Gini C, Avanzini C, Polloni A, Rota Nodari S, Ceciliani F. Salivary microRNAs are potential biomarkers for the accurate and precise identification of inflammatory response after tail docking and castration in piglets. J Anim Sci 2020; 98:5831153. [PMID: 32374403 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skaa153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate whether acute pain associated with castration and tail docking of male piglets may modulate the expression of salivary microRNAs (miRNAs) and to explore their potential use as biomarkers. Thirty-six healthy 4-d-old piglets (Hermitage × Duroc) were randomly assigned to three groups: the first group (12 piglets) has been pretreated with anesthetic and anti-inflammatory drugs (ANA) and then castrated and tail docked; the second one (12 piglets) has been castrated and tail docked without any drugs (CONV); the third one (12 piglets) has been only handled (SHAM). Saliva was collected 10 min before (control group) and 30 to 45 min after the procedures. Salivary cortisol has been quantified. The expression concentrations of seven miRNAs, namely miR-19b, miR-27b-3p, miR-215, miR-22-3p, miR-155-5p, hsa-miR-365-5p, and hsa-miR-204, were measured and assessed as potential biomarkers of pain by quantitative Polimerase Chain Reaction using TaqMan probes. The area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of miRNAs. The concentration of salivary cortisol increased after treatment in CONV and ANA, while no significant variation was observed in the SHAM group. The comparative analysis demonstrated that the concentrations of salivary miR-19b (P = 0.001), miR-27b (P = 0.042), and miR-365 (P < 0.0001) were significantly greater in CONV as compared with pretreatment. The AUC of pretreatment vs. CONV and CONV vs. ANA were excellent for miR-19b and miR-365 and fair for miR-27b. Combining two miRNAs, namely miR-19b and miR-365, in a panel increased the efficiency of distinguishing between pre- and post-treatment groups. No differences have been identified between SHAM and ANA groups. mRNA potential targets of differentially expressed-miRNA were investigated, and genes related to pain and inflammation were identified: miR-19b potentially modulates TGF-beta and focal adhesion pathways, miR-365 regulates cytokines expression (i.e., IL-1, Tumor Necross Factor-alpha, and IL-8 cytokine), and miR-27b regulates macrophage inflammatory protein pathways (i.e., MIP1-beta). In conclusion, we demonstrated that the abundance of miR-19b, miR-27b, and miR-365 increases in the saliva of piglets castrated and tail docked without the administration of pain-relieving drugs. Further studies are needed to assess their potential during routine husbandry procedures and to extend their assessment in other stressful events, such as weaning or chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Lecchi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Valentina Zamarian
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Gini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Alessia Polloni
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sara Rota Nodari
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna, Brescia, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Ceciliani
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
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Gini C. Felix Bernstein. 1878-1956. Genetics 1968; 60:Suppl:22-3. [PMID: 4887483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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Gini C. Zur Frage der Dauer der Präovular-Periode und der Schwangerschaft. Bemerkungen zu einem Aufsatz von V. Malý und J. Raboch. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1963. [DOI: 10.1002/bimj.19630050206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Gini C. Decline in the birth-rate and "fecundability" of woman. Eugen Rev 1926; 17:258-274. [PMID: 21259819 PMCID: PMC2942737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
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Gini C. Eugenics and the war. Eugen Rev 1922; 14:149-151. [PMID: 21259746 PMCID: PMC2942464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
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Gini C. Infant mortality during the war. Eugen Rev 1920; 11:175-192. [PMID: 21259695 PMCID: PMC2942385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
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Gini C. Superiority of the Eldest: Investigation Among Professors in Italian Universities Shows that the First-born Are Most Frequent Among Them, While Children Born Late in the Generation Are the Rarest. J Hered 1915. [DOI: 10.1093/jhered/6.1.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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