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van der Laan L, Le Roux C. Malignant melanoma and lymph node metastases appearing as hyperattenuating masses on computed tomography in a dog. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2024. [PMID: 38570924 DOI: 10.1111/vru.13366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
A 16-year-old male castrated Dachshund cross dog was referred for a dental and a mass on the right side of the face. CT revealed several heterogenous precontrast hyperattenuating masses within the subcutaneous tissue over the masseter muscle, demonstrating marked contrast uptake. The ipsilateral mandibular lymph nodes were mildly enlarged and markedly hyperattenuating on precontrast images. A histopathological final diagnosis of malignant melanoma with regional lymph node metastasis was made, and the hyperattenuating appearance was postulated to be due to its melanin content. This is the first published report of melanoma appearing as hyperattenuating masses on CT in small animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luzanne van der Laan
- Department of Companion Animal ClinicalStudies, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa
| | - Christelle Le Roux
- Department of Companion Animal ClinicalStudies, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa
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Chebani R, Lombart F, Chaby G, Dadban A, Debarbieux S, Viguier MA, Ingen-Housz-Oro S, Pham-Ledard A, Bedane CR, Picard-Dahan C, Berthin C, Dereure O, Konstantinou MP, Castel M, Jouen F, Joly P, Seta V, Duvert-Lehembre S, Le Roux C, Quereux G, Sassolas B, Brenaut E, Sin C, Richard MA, Bérard F, Giusti D, Belmondo T, Gille T, Caux F, Prost-Squarcioni C, Grootenboer-Mignot S, Alexandre M. Omalizumab in the treatment of bullous pemphigoid resistant to first-line therapy: a French national multicentre retrospective study of 100 patients. Br J Dermatol 2024; 190:258-265. [PMID: 37792727 DOI: 10.1093/bjd/ljad369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interest in the use of omalizumab to treat bullous pemphigoid (BP) in the event of resistance or contraindication to conventional therapies is currently based on limited evidence. OBJECTIVES To assess the effectiveness and safety of omalizumab in BP and to identify predictive factors in response to treatment. METHODS We conducted a French national multicentre retrospective study including patients with a confirmed diagnosis of BP treated with omalizumab after failure of one or several treatment lines. We excluded patients with clinically atypical BP, as per Vaillant's criteria. The criteria for clinical response to omalizumab were defined according to the 2012 international consensus conference. Anti-BP180-NC16A IgE enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed on sera collected before initiating omalizumab, when available. RESULTS Between 2014 and 2021, 100 patients treated in 18 expert departments were included. Median age at diagnosis was 77 years (range 20-98). Complete remission (CR) was achieved in 77% of patients, and partial remission in an additional 9%. CR was maintained 'off therapy' in 11.7%, 'on minimal therapy' in 57.1%, and 'on non-minimal therapy' in 31.2%. Median time to CR was 3 months (range 2.2-24.5). Relapse rate was 14%, with a median follow-up time of 12 months (range 6-73). Adverse events occurred in four patients. CR was more frequently observed in patients with an increased serum baseline level of anti-BP180-NC16A IgE (75% vs. 41%; P = 0.011). Conversely, urticarial lesions, blood total IgE concentration or eosinophil count were not predictive of CR. Patients with an omalizumab dosage > 300 mg every 4 weeks showed a similar final outcome to those with a dosage ≤ 300 mg every 4 weeks, but control of disease activity [median 10 days (range 5-30) vs. 15 days (range 10-60); P < 0.001] and CR [median 2.4 months (range 2.2-8.2) vs. 3.9 months (range 2.3-24.5); P < 0.001] were achieved significantly faster. CONCLUSIONS We report the largest series to date of BP treated by omalizumab and confirm its effectiveness and safety in this indication. Serum baseline level of anti-BP180-NC16A IgE may predict response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Réda Chebani
- Department of Dermatology, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
| | - Florian Lombart
- Department of Dermatology, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
| | - Guillaume Chaby
- Department of Dermatology, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
| | - Ali Dadban
- Department of Dermatology, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Christelle Le Roux
- Department of Dermatology and Referral Centre for Autoimmune Bullous Diseases (MALIBUL), Avicenne Hospital, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Paris Seine-Saint-Denis, AP-HP, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Frédéric Caux
- Department of Dermatology and Referral Centre for Autoimmune Bullous Diseases (MALIBUL), Avicenne Hospital, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Paris Seine-Saint-Denis, AP-HP, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
| | - Catherine Prost-Squarcioni
- Department of Dermatology and Referral Centre for Autoimmune Bullous Diseases (MALIBUL), Avicenne Hospital, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Paris Seine-Saint-Denis, AP-HP, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
| | | | - Marina Alexandre
- Department of Dermatology and Referral Centre for Autoimmune Bullous Diseases (MALIBUL), Avicenne Hospital, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Paris Seine-Saint-Denis, AP-HP, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
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Poore LA, Le Roux C, Carstens A. Trauma-induced exostosis of multiple suture lines causing partial bilateral nasolacrimal duct obstruction in a 7-year-old Thoroughbred mare. J S Afr Vet Assoc 2019; 90:e1-e7. [PMID: 31588759 PMCID: PMC6783641 DOI: 10.4102/jsava.v90i0.1764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A definitive diagnosis of extensive suture line exostoses affecting the nasofrontal, nasolacrimal, nasomaxillary, frontolacrimal, lacrimozygomatic and lacrimomaxillary suture lines in a 7-year-old Thoroughbred mare with chronic bilateral epiphora and facial deformation was achieved using standing computed tomography (CT) examinations. Positive contrast dacryocystorhinography using CT revealed partial bilateral obstruction of the nasolacrimal ducts. Minimally displaced depression fractures of the right nasal bone, the right maxillary bone and right frontal bone were also demonstrated. The cosmetic appearance of the periosteal reaction associated with the suture line exostosis and epiphora significantly improved within 3 months of diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke A Poore
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria.
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Dancer SC, Le Roux C, Fosgate GT, Kirberger RM. Radiography is less sensitive relative to CT for detecting thoracic radiographic changes in dogs affected by blunt trauma secondary to a motor vehicle accident. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2019; 60:648-658. [PMID: 31353781 DOI: 10.1111/vru.12795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Thoracic injuries caused by blunt trauma are commonly encountered emergencies in veterinary medicine. However, published studies are lacking that compare radiology to CT in blunt trauma caused by motor vehicle accidents in canine patients. The aim of this prospective diagnostic accuracy, methods comparison study were to estimate the sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) of thoracic radiology relative to CT for detecting lung contusions, pneumothorax, pleural effusion, and rib fractures. The study further aimed to develop a severity scoring system for radiology and CT and to compare the findings between the two modalities. The hypothesis was that radiology would be less sensitive than CT at detecting these injuries and that radiology would underestimate the severity of lung contusions. Fifty-nine patients met the inclusion criteria. Radiology underestimated the presence of lung contusions (Se = 69%, 95% confidence interval) and overestimated the severity of the contusions relative to CT. There was high interobserver variability in evaluating lung contusion severity (coefficient of variation = 91%). Both the three-view thoracic and horizontal beam radiography had poor sensitivities for the detecting pneumothorax (Se = 19% and 63%, respectively) and pleural effusions (Se = 43% and 71%, respectively). Similarly, the sensitivity (56%) of radiographs for the detection of rib fractures was poor relative to CT. Findings from the current study indicated that thoracic radiography had low sensitivity for detecting lesions related to blunt thoracic trauma caused by motor vehicle accidents and supported the use of CT as an additional diagnostic imaging modality in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumari C Dancer
- Departments of Companion Animal Clinical Studies and University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa
| | - Christelle Le Roux
- Departments of Companion Animal Clinical Studies and University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa
| | - Geoffrey T Fosgate
- Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa
| | - Robert M Kirberger
- Departments of Companion Animal Clinical Studies and University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa
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Zumelzu C, Alexandre M, Le Roux C, Weber P, Guyot A, Levy A, Aucouturier F, Mignot-Grootenboer S, Caux F, Maubec E, Prost-Squarcioni C. Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid, Bullous Pemphigoid, and Anti-programmed Death-1/ Programmed Death-Ligand 1: A Case Report of an Elderly Woman With Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid Developing After Pembrolizumab Therapy for Metastatic Melanoma and Review of the Literature. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:268. [PMID: 30320114 PMCID: PMC6170650 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
An 83-year-old patient developed erosions and a blister of the gingival mucous membrane, 6 months after discontinuation of the anti-programmed death-1 (anti PD-1) pembrolizumab therapy administered for 10 months for a metastatic melanoma. A diagnosis of mild mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) was made. Complete remission of MMP was rapidly obtained with minimal therapy (doxycycline). MMP remained in complete remission after a 3-month follow-up since discontinuation of the doxycycline therapy and no evidence of relapse of the melanoma was observed after a 14-month follow-up since discontinuation of the pembrolizumab therapy. The widespread use of anti PD-1 and anti-programmed death-ligand-1 (PD-L1) in several malignancies reveals new adverse events. MMP describes a group of chronic, inflammatory, mucous membrane-predominant, subepithelial auto-immune blistering diseases. It is clinically distinct from bullous pemphigoid another autoimmune blistering disease but shares some immunological similarities with it. Twenty-nine cases of bullous pemphigoid associated with anti PD-1/PD-L1 have been reported in the literature and one of MMP. Here, we described the case of a MMP developed after pembrolizumab and discussed the accountability of anti PD-1/PD-L1 in our case and the previous reported bullous pemphigoid and MMP cases using the Begaud system scoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coralie Zumelzu
- Department of Dermatology and Referral Center for Auto-Immune Bullous Diseases MALIBUL, Avicenne Hospital, AP-HP, University Paris 13, Bobigny, France
| | - Marina Alexandre
- Department of Dermatology and Referral Center for Auto-Immune Bullous Diseases MALIBUL, Avicenne Hospital, AP-HP, University Paris 13, Bobigny, France
| | - Christelle Le Roux
- Department of Dermatology and Referral Center for Auto-Immune Bullous Diseases MALIBUL, Avicenne Hospital, AP-HP, University Paris 13, Bobigny, France
| | - Patricia Weber
- Department of Dermatology and Referral Center for Auto-Immune Bullous Diseases MALIBUL, Avicenne Hospital, AP-HP, University Paris 13, Bobigny, France
| | - Alexis Guyot
- Department of Dermatology and Referral Center for Auto-Immune Bullous Diseases MALIBUL, Avicenne Hospital, AP-HP, University Paris 13, Bobigny, France
| | - Annie Levy
- Department of Pathology, Avicenne Hospital, AP-HP, University Paris 13, Bobigny, France
| | - Françoise Aucouturier
- Department of Immunology and Referral Center for Auto-Immune Bullous Diseases MALIBUL, Saint-Louis Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Sabine Mignot-Grootenboer
- Department of Immunology and Referral Center for Auto-Immune Bullous Diseases MALIBUL, Bichat Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Caux
- Department of Dermatology and Referral Center for Auto-Immune Bullous Diseases MALIBUL, Avicenne Hospital, AP-HP, University Paris 13, Bobigny, France
| | - Eve Maubec
- Department of Dermatology and Referral Center for Auto-Immune Bullous Diseases MALIBUL, Avicenne Hospital, AP-HP, University Paris 13, Bobigny, France
| | - Catherine Prost-Squarcioni
- Department of Dermatology and Referral Center for Auto-Immune Bullous Diseases MALIBUL, Avicenne Hospital, AP-HP, University Paris 13, Bobigny, France.,Department of Pathology, Avicenne Hospital, AP-HP, University Paris 13, Bobigny, France.,Department of Histology, UFR Léonard de Vinci, University Paris 13, Bobigny, France
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Abstract
Axial sesamoiditis or osteitis of the proximal sesamoid bones (PSBs) in the horse is described as a rare condition. The cause remains unknown and speculative, with vascular, infectious and traumatic aetiologies implicated. It is specifically associated with injury of the palmar or plantar ligament (PL), also known as the intersesamoidean ligament. Imaging findings are generally rewarding, and radiological changes are typical, if not pathognomonic, for the condition. Lesions consist of bone lysis at the apical to mid-body axial margins of the PSBs, with variable degrees of joint effusion. Radiographic technique warrants careful attention to make a diagnosis, and exposure factors may need to be adjusted. Perineural, intra-articular and intra-thecal anaesthesia does not seem to provide consistent improvement of lameness in these cases, with literature reporting inconsistent findings. Ultrasonographic findings include digital flexor sheath effusion, loss of the normal fibre structure of the PL at its attachment to the PSBs, abnormal echogenicity or change in thickness of the PL, and irregular hyperechoic cortical margins of the axial margins of the PSBs. Scintigraphy, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, although not necessary to make a diagnosis, may add valuable information regarding the location and extent of lesions. The prognosis remains guarded to poor for return to athletic function. The focus of this article is a comprehensive review of the proposed aetiopathogenesis of the condition, the prognosis and a summary of the literature findings with focus on the notable diagnostic imaging features, including radiography, ultrasonography, scintigraphy, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Le Roux
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Onderstepoort, University of Pretoria.
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Le Roux C, Venter FJ, Kirberger RM. Cervical porcupine quill foreign body involving the spinal cord of a dog: A description of various imaging modality findings. J S Afr Vet Assoc 2017; 88:e1-e7. [PMID: 29227141 PMCID: PMC6138208 DOI: 10.4102/jsava.v88i0.1549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although porcupine quill injuries are common in dogs, the detailed appearance of the quill on diagnostic ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging has not been sufficiently described. A 4-year-old, intact, female Jack Russel terrier presented with severe neck pain and ataxia after an altercation with a porcupine 2 weeks earlier. Radiology, diagnostic ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging were all utilised to identify a quill imbedded in the cervical vertebral canal and cervical musculature and were compared to each other. Surgical removal of the quill, guided by imaging findings, led to the resolution of the clinical signs in the patient. Previous ultrasound imaging reports have just stated that the quill consists of paralell hyperechoic lines, and do not mention the finer hyperechoic lines inbetween and do not try to provide a reason for the appearance. Previous computed tomography (CT) reports just mention identifying the quill on CT images (whether or not CT could identify the fragments), but do not go into detail about the attenuating appearance of the quill nor try to relate this to the composition of the quill. This is to the authors’ knowledge the first report with detailed imaging descriptions of a case of cranial cervical vertebral canal porcupine quill foreign body in a dog. This is also the first report to allude to a possible difference in imaging findings related to quill structure because of keratin orientation and melanin content. The ideal imaging modality to use remains elusive, but ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging could all identify the quill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Le Roux
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, University of Pretoria.
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