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Kamp JC, Neubert L, Schupp JC, Braubach P, Wrede C, Laenger F, Salditt T, Reichmann J, Welte T, Ruhparwar A, Ius F, Schwerk N, Bergmann AK, von Hardenberg S, Griese M, Rapp C, Olsson KM, Fuge J, Park DH, Hoeper MM, Jonigk DD, Knudsen L, Kuehnel MP. Multilamellated Basement Membranes in the Capillary Network of Alveolar Capillary Dysplasia. Am J Pathol 2024; 194:180-194. [PMID: 38029923 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
A minimal diffusion barrier is key to the pulmonary gas exchange. In alveolar capillary dysplasia (ACD), a rare genetically driven disease of early infancy, this crucial fibrovascular interface is compromised while the underlying pathophysiology is insufficiently understood. Recent in-depth analyses of vascular alterations in adult lung disease encouraged researchers to extend these studies to ACD and compare the changes of the microvasculature. Lung tissue samples of children with ACD (n = 12), adults with non-specific interstitial pneumonia (n = 12), and controls (n = 20) were studied using transmission electron microscopy, single-gene sequencing, immunostaining, exome sequencing, and broad transcriptome profiling. In ACD, pulmonary capillary basement membranes were hypertrophied, thickened, and multilamellated. Transcriptome profiling revealed increased CDH5, COL4A1, COL15A1, PTK2B, and FN1 and decreased VIT expression, confirmed by immunohistochemistry. In contrast, non-specific interstitial pneumonia samples showed a regular basement membrane architecture with preserved VIT expression but also increased COL15A1+ vessels. This study provides insight into the ultrastructure and pathophysiology of ACD. The lack of normally developed lung capillaries appeared to cause a replacement by COL15A1+ vessels, a mechanism recently described in interstitial lung disease. The VIT loss and FN1 overexpression might contribute to the unique appearance of basement membranes in ACD. Future studies are needed to explore the therapeutic potential of down-regulating the expression of FN1 and balancing VIT deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan C Kamp
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Lavinia Neubert
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany; Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jonas C Schupp
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany; Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Peter Braubach
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany; Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christoph Wrede
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany; Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Florian Laenger
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany; Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tim Salditt
- Institute of X-Ray Physics, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jakob Reichmann
- Institute of X-Ray Physics, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tobias Welte
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Arjang Ruhparwar
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany; Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplant and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Fabio Ius
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany; Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplant and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nicolaus Schwerk
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany; Clinic for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology, and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anke K Bergmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Matthias Griese
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital of Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Christina Rapp
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital of Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Karen M Olsson
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Fuge
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Da-Hee Park
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marius M Hoeper
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Danny D Jonigk
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany; Institute of Pathology, University of Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lars Knudsen
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany; Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mark P Kuehnel
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany; Institute of Pathology, University of Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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Kruse P, Brandes G, Hemeling H, Huang Z, Wrede C, Hegermann J, Vlachos A, Lenz M. Synaptopodin Regulates Denervation-Induced Plasticity at Hippocampal Mossy Fiber Synapses. Cells 2024; 13:114. [PMID: 38247806 PMCID: PMC10814840 DOI: 10.3390/cells13020114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurological diseases can lead to the denervation of brain regions caused by demyelination, traumatic injury or cell death. The molecular and structural mechanisms underlying lesion-induced reorganization of denervated brain regions, however, are a matter of ongoing investigation. In order to address this issue, we performed an entorhinal cortex lesion (ECL) in mouse organotypic entorhino-hippocampal tissue cultures of both sexes and studied denervation-induced plasticity of mossy fiber synapses, which connect dentate granule cells (dGCs) with CA3 pyramidal cells (CA3-PCs) and play important roles in learning and memory formation. Partial denervation caused a strengthening of excitatory neurotransmission in dGCs, CA3-PCs and their direct synaptic connections, as revealed by paired recordings (dGC-to-CA3-PC). These functional changes were accompanied by ultrastructural reorganization of mossy fiber synapses, which regularly contain the plasticity-regulating protein synaptopodin and the spine apparatus organelle. We demonstrate that the spine apparatus organelle and synaptopodin are related to ribosomes in close proximity to synaptic sites and reveal a synaptopodin-related transcriptome. Notably, synaptopodin-deficient tissue preparations that lack the spine apparatus organelle failed to express lesion-induced synaptic adjustments. Hence, synaptopodin and the spine apparatus organelle play a crucial role in regulating lesion-induced synaptic plasticity at hippocampal mossy fiber synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Kruse
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gudrun Brandes
- Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Hanna Hemeling
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Zhong Huang
- Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Christoph Wrede
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Hegermann
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Vlachos
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Basics in Neuromodulation (NeuroModulBasics), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Center BrainLinks-BrainTools, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Lenz
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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3
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Schäffner E, Bosch-Queralt M, Edgar JM, Lehning M, Strauß J, Fleischer N, Kungl T, Wieghofer P, Berghoff SA, Reinert T, Krueger M, Morawski M, Möbius W, Barrantes-Freer A, Stieler J, Sun T, Saher G, Schwab MH, Wrede C, Frosch M, Prinz M, Reich DS, Flügel A, Stadelmann C, Fledrich R, Nave KA, Stassart RM. Myelin insulation as a risk factor for axonal degeneration in autoimmune demyelinating disease. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:1218-1228. [PMID: 37386131 PMCID: PMC10322724 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01366-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Axonal degeneration determines the clinical outcome of multiple sclerosis and is thought to result from exposure of denuded axons to immune-mediated damage. Therefore, myelin is widely considered to be a protective structure for axons in multiple sclerosis. Myelinated axons also depend on oligodendrocytes, which provide metabolic and structural support to the axonal compartment. Given that axonal pathology in multiple sclerosis is already visible at early disease stages, before overt demyelination, we reasoned that autoimmune inflammation may disrupt oligodendroglial support mechanisms and hence primarily affect axons insulated by myelin. Here, we studied axonal pathology as a function of myelination in human multiple sclerosis and mouse models of autoimmune encephalomyelitis with genetically altered myelination. We demonstrate that myelin ensheathment itself becomes detrimental for axonal survival and increases the risk of axons degenerating in an autoimmune environment. This challenges the view of myelin as a solely protective structure and suggests that axonal dependence on oligodendroglial support can become fatal when myelin is under inflammatory attack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Schäffner
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Paul Flechsig Institute of Neuropathology, University Clinic Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mar Bosch-Queralt
- Paul Flechsig Institute of Neuropathology, University Clinic Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Julia M Edgar
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Maria Lehning
- Paul Flechsig Institute of Neuropathology, University Clinic Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Judith Strauß
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Niko Fleischer
- Paul Flechsig Institute of Neuropathology, University Clinic Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Theresa Kungl
- Institute of Anatomy, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Wieghofer
- Institute of Anatomy, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Cellular Neuroanatomy, Institute of Theoretical Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Stefan A Berghoff
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Tilo Reinert
- Paul Flechsig Institute of Neuropathology, University Clinic Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Neurophysics, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Krueger
- Institute of Anatomy, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Morawski
- Paul Flechsig Institute of Brain Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wiebke Möbius
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Jens Stieler
- Paul Flechsig Institute of Brain Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ting Sun
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gesine Saher
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Markus H Schwab
- Paul Flechsig Institute of Neuropathology, University Clinic Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christoph Wrede
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Maximilian Frosch
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marco Prinz
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Centre for NeuroModulation (NeuroModBasics), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel S Reich
- Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alexander Flügel
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christine Stadelmann
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Robert Fledrich
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany.
- Institute of Anatomy, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Klaus-Armin Nave
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Ruth M Stassart
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany.
- Paul Flechsig Institute of Neuropathology, University Clinic Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
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4
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Knudsen L, Hummel B, Wrede C, Zimmermann R, Perlman CE, Smith BJ. Acinar micromechanics in health and lung injury: what we have learned from quantitative morphology. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1142221. [PMID: 37025383 PMCID: PMC10070844 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1142221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Within the pulmonary acini ventilation and blood perfusion are brought together on a huge surface area separated by a very thin blood-gas barrier of tissue components to allow efficient gas exchange. During ventilation pulmonary acini are cyclically subjected to deformations which become manifest in changes of the dimensions of both alveolar and ductal airspaces as well as the interalveolar septa, composed of a dense capillary network and the delicate tissue layer forming the blood-gas barrier. These ventilation-related changes are referred to as micromechanics. In lung diseases, abnormalities in acinar micromechanics can be linked with injurious stresses and strains acting on the blood-gas barrier. The mechanisms by which interalveolar septa and the blood-gas barrier adapt to an increase in alveolar volume have been suggested to include unfolding, stretching, or changes in shape other than stretching and unfolding. Folding results in the formation of pleats in which alveolar epithelium is not exposed to air and parts of the blood-gas barrier are folded on each other. The opening of a collapsed alveolus (recruitment) can be considered as an extreme variant of septal wall unfolding. Alveolar recruitment can be detected with imaging techniques which achieve light microscopic resolution. Unfolding of pleats and stretching of the blood-gas barrier, however, require electron microscopic resolution to identify the basement membrane. While stretching results in an increase of the area of the basement membrane, unfolding of pleats and shape changes do not. Real time visualization of these processes, however, is currently not possible. In this review we provide an overview of septal wall micromechanics with focus on unfolding/folding as well as stretching. At the same time we provide a state-of-the-art design-based stereology methodology to quantify microarchitecture of alveoli and interalveolar septa based on different imaging techniques and design-based stereology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Knudsen
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Benjamin Hummel
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christoph Wrede
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Richard Zimmermann
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Carrie E Perlman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, United States
| | - Bradford J Smith
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering Design and Computing, University of Colorado Denver | Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
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5
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Djannatian M, Radha S, Weikert U, Safaiyan S, Wrede C, Deichsel C, Kislinger G, Rhomberg A, Ruhwedel T, Campbell DS, van Ham T, Schmid B, Hegermann J, Möbius W, Schifferer M, Simons M. Myelination generates aberrant ultrastructure that is resolved by microglia. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 2023; 222:213804. [PMID: 36637807 PMCID: PMC9856851 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202204010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
To enable rapid propagation of action potentials, axons are ensheathed by myelin, a multilayered insulating membrane formed by oligodendrocytes. Most of the myelin is generated early in development, resulting in the generation of long-lasting stable membrane structures. Here, we explored structural and dynamic changes in central nervous system myelin during development. To achieve this, we performed an ultrastructural analysis of mouse optic nerves by serial block face scanning electron microscopy (SBF-SEM) and confocal time-lapse imaging in the zebrafish spinal cord. We found that myelin undergoes extensive ultrastructural changes during early postnatal development. Myelin degeneration profiles were engulfed and phagocytosed by microglia using exposed phosphatidylserine as one "eat me" signal. In contrast, retractions of entire myelin sheaths occurred independently of microglia and involved uptake of myelin by the oligodendrocyte itself. Our findings show that the generation of myelin early in development is an inaccurate process associated with aberrant ultrastructural features that require substantial refinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minou Djannatian
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany,https://ror.org/043j0f473German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany,Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany,Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany,Minou Djannatian:
| | - Swathi Radha
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany,https://ror.org/043j0f473German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Weikert
- Max-Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Shima Safaiyan
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany,https://ror.org/043j0f473German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Wrede
- https://ror.org/00f2yqf98Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Cassandra Deichsel
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany,https://ror.org/043j0f473German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
| | - Georg Kislinger
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany,https://ror.org/043j0f473German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
| | - Agata Rhomberg
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany,https://ror.org/043j0f473German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
| | - Torben Ruhwedel
- Max-Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Douglas S. Campbell
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany,https://ror.org/043j0f473German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
| | - Tjakko van Ham
- https://ror.org/018906e22Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Bettina Schmid
- https://ror.org/043j0f473German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Hegermann
- https://ror.org/00f2yqf98Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Wiebke Möbius
- Max-Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Martina Schifferer
- https://ror.org/043j0f473German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany,Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Mikael Simons
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany,https://ror.org/043j0f473German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany,Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany,Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital of Munich, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany,Correspondence to Mikael Simons:
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6
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Budner T, Friedman M, Wrede C, Brown BA, José J, Pérez-Loureiro D, Sun LJ, Surbrook J, Ayyad Y, Bardayan DW, Chae K, Chen AA, Chipps KA, Cortesi M, Glassman B, Hall MR, Janasik M, Liang J, O'Malley P, Pollacco E, Psaltis A, Stomps J, Wheeler T. Constraining the ^{30}P(p, γ)^{31}S Reaction Rate in ONe Novae via the Weak, Low-Energy, β-Delayed Proton Decay of ^{31}Cl. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:182701. [PMID: 35594108 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.182701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The ^{30}P(p,γ)^{31}S reaction plays an important role in understanding the nucleosynthesis of A≥30 nuclides in oxygen-neon novae. The Gaseous Detector with Germanium Tagging was used to measure ^{31}Cl β-delayed proton decay through the key J^{π}=3/2^{+}, 260-keV resonance. The intensity I_{βp}^{260}=8.3_{-0.9}^{+1.2}×10^{-6} represents the weakest β-delayed, charged-particle emission ever measured below 400 keV, resulting in a proton branching ratio of Γ_{p}/Γ=2.5_{-0.3}^{+0.4}×10^{-4}. By combining this measurement with shell-model calculations for Γ_{γ} and past work on other resonances, the total ^{30}P(p,γ)^{31}S rate has been determined with reduced uncertainty. The new rate has been used in hydrodynamic simulations to model the composition of nova ejecta, leading to a concrete prediction of ^{30}Si:^{28}Si excesses in presolar nova grains and the calibration of nuclear thermometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Budner
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - M Friedman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel 91904
| | - C Wrede
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - B A Brown
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J José
- Departament de Física, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, E-08019 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - D Pérez-Loureiro
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - L J Sun
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - J Surbrook
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Y Ayyad
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- IGFAE, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - D W Bardayan
- Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - K Chae
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 16419, South Korea
| | - A A Chen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - K A Chipps
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830-37831, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - M Cortesi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - B Glassman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - M R Hall
- Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - M Janasik
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J Liang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - P O'Malley
- Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - E Pollacco
- Département de Physique Nucléaire, IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Psaltis
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - J Stomps
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - T Wheeler
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
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7
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Mahajan R, Adams A, Allmond J, Alvarez Pol H, Argo E, Ayyad Y, Bardayan D, Bazin D, Budner T, Chen A, Chipps K, Davids B, Dopfer J, Friedman M, Fynbo H, Grzywacz R, Jose J, Liang J, Pain S, Perez-Loureiro D, Pollacco E, Psaltis A, Ravishankar S, Rogers A, Schaedig L, Sun LJ, Surbrook J, Wheeler T, Weghorn L, Wrede C. Measuring the 15O( α, γ) 19Ne Reaction in Type I X-ray Bursts using the GADGET II TPC: Software. EPJ Web Conf 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202226011034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
15O(α,γ)19Ne is regarded as one of the most important thermonuclear reactions in type I X-ray bursts. For studying the properties of the key resonance in this reaction using β decay, the existing Proton Detector component of the Gaseous Detector with Germanium Tagging (GADGET) assembly is being upgraded to operate as a time projection chamber (TPC) at FRIB. This upgrade includes the associated hardware as well as software and this paper mainly focusses on the software upgrade. The full detector set up is simulated using the ATTPCROOTv 2 data analysis framework for 20Mg and 241Am.
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8
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Wheeler T, Adams A, Allmond J, Alvarez Pol H, Argo E, Ayyad Y, Bardayan D, Bazin D, Budner T, Chen A, Chipps K, Davids B, Dopfer J, Friedman M, Fynbo H, Grzywacz R, Jose J, Liang J, Mahajan R, Pain S, Pérez-Loureiro D, Pollacco E, Psaltis A, Ravishankar S, Rogers A, Schaedig L, Sun LJ, Surbrook J, Weghorn L, Wrede C. Measuring the 15O(α, γ) 19Ne reaction in Type I X-ray bursts using the GADGET II TPC: Hardware. EPJ Web Conf 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202226011046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensitivity studies have shown that the 15O(α, γ)19Ne reaction is the most important reaction rate uncertainty affecting the shape of light curves from Type I X-ray bursts. This reaction is dominated by the 4.03 MeV resonance in 19Ne. Previous measurements by our group have shown that this state is populated in the decay sequence of 20Mg. A single 20Mg(βp α)15O event through the key 15O(α, γ)19Ne resonance yields a characteristic signature: the emission of a proton and alpha particle. To achieve the granularity necessary for the identification of this signature, we have upgraded the Proton Detector of the Gaseous Detector with Germanium Tagging (GADGET) into a time projection chamber to form the GADGET II detection system. GADGET II has been fully constructed, and is entering the testing phase.
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9
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Messerer J, Wrede C, Schipke J, Brandenberger C, Abdellatif M, Eisenberg T, Madeo F, Sedej S, Mühlfeld C. Spermidine supplementation influences mitochondrial number and morphology in the heart of aged mice. J Anat 2021; 242:91-101. [PMID: 34958481 PMCID: PMC9773166 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with cardiac hypertrophy and progressive decline in heart function. One of the hallmarks of cellular aging is the dysfunction of mitochondria. These organelles occupy around 1/4 to 1/3 of the cardiomyocyte volume. During cardiac aging, the removal of defective or dysfunctional mitochondria by mitophagy as well as the dynamic equilibrium between mitochondrial fusion and fission is distorted. Here, we hypothesized that these changes affect the number of mitochondria and alter their three-dimensional (3D) characteristics in aged mouse hearts. The polyamine spermidine stimulates both mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis, and these are associated with improved cardiac function and prolonged lifespan. Therefore, we speculated that oral spermidine administration normalizes the number of mitochondria and their 3D morphology in aged myocardium. Young (4-months old) and old (24-months old) mice, treated or not treated with spermidine, were used in this study (n = 10 each). The number of mitochondria in the left ventricles was estimated by design-based stereology using the Euler-Poincaré characteristic based on a disector at the transmission electron microscopic level. The 3D morphology of mitochondria was investigated by 3D reconstruction (using manual contour drawing) from electron microscopic z-stacks obtained by focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy. The volume of the left ventricle and cardiomyocytes were significantly increased in aged mice with or without spermidine treatment. Although the number of mitochondria was similar in young and old control mice, it was significantly increased in aged mice treated with spermidine. The interfibrillar mitochondria from old mice exhibited a lower degree of organization and a greater variation in shape and size compared to young animals. The mitochondrial alignment along the myofibrils in the spermidine-treated mice appeared more regular than in control aged mice, however, old mitochondria from animals fed spermidine also showed a greater diversity of shape and size than young mitochondria. In conclusion, mitochondria of the aged mouse left ventricle exhibited changes in number and 3D ultrastructure that is likely the structural correlate of dysfunctional mitochondrial dynamics. Spermidine treatment reduced, at least in part, these morphological changes, indicating a beneficial effect on cardiac mitochondrial alterations associated with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jil Messerer
- Institute of Functional and Applied AnatomyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Christoph Wrede
- Institute of Functional and Applied AnatomyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany,Research Core Unit Electron MicroscopyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Julia Schipke
- Institute of Functional and Applied AnatomyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease HannoverMember of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)HannoverGermany
| | - Christina Brandenberger
- Institute of Functional and Applied AnatomyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease HannoverMember of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)HannoverGermany
| | | | - Tobias Eisenberg
- BioTechMed GrazGrazAustria,Institute of Molecular BiosciencesNAWI GrazUniversity of GrazGrazAustria,Field of Excellence BioHealth—University of GrazGrazAustria
| | - Frank Madeo
- BioTechMed GrazGrazAustria,Institute of Molecular BiosciencesNAWI GrazUniversity of GrazGrazAustria,Field of Excellence BioHealth—University of GrazGrazAustria
| | - Simon Sedej
- Department of CardiologyMedical University of GrazGrazAustria,BioTechMed GrazGrazAustria,Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MariborMariborSlovenia
| | - Christian Mühlfeld
- Institute of Functional and Applied AnatomyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany,Research Core Unit Electron MicroscopyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease HannoverMember of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)HannoverGermany
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10
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Müller-Deile J, Sopel N, Ohs A, Rose V, Gröner M, Wrede C, Hegermann J, Daniel C, Amann K, Zahner G, Schiffer M. Glomerular Endothelial Cell-Derived microRNA-192 Regulates Nephronectin Expression in Idiopathic Membranous Glomerulonephritis. J Am Soc Nephrol 2021; 32:2777-2794. [PMID: 34716242 PMCID: PMC8806098 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2020121699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autoantibodies binding to podocyte antigens cause idiopathic membranous glomerulonephritis (iMGN). However, it remains elusive how autoantibodies reach the subepithelial space because the glomerular filtration barrier (GFB) is size selective and almost impermeable for antibodies. METHODS Kidney biopsies from patients with iMGN, cell culture, zebrafish, and mouse models were used to investigate the role of nephronectin (NPNT) regulating microRNAs (miRs) for the GFB. RESULTS Glomerular endothelial cell (GEC)-derived miR-192-5p and podocyte-derived miR-378a-3p are upregulated in urine and glomeruli of patients with iMGN, whereas glomerular NPNT is reduced. Overexpression of miR-192-5p and morpholino-mediated npnt knockdown induced edema, proteinuria, and podocyte effacement similar to podocyte-derived miR-378a-3p in zebrafish. Structural changes of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) with increased lucidity, splitting, and lamellation, especially of the lamina rara interna, similar to ultrastructural findings seen in advanced stages of iMGN, were found. IgG-size nanoparticles accumulated in lucidity areas of the lamina rara interna and lamina densa of the GBM in npnt-knockdown zebrafish models. Loss of slit diaphragm proteins and severe structural impairment of the GBM were further confirmed in podocyte-specific Npnt knockout mice. GECs downregulate podocyte NPNT by transfer of miR-192-5p-containing exosomes in a paracrine manner. CONCLUSIONS Podocyte NPNT is important for proper glomerular filter function and GBM structure and is regulated by GEC-derived miR-192-5p and podocyte-derived miR-378a-3p. We hypothesize that loss of NPNT in the GBM is an important part of the initial pathophysiology of iMGN and enables autoantigenicity of podocyte antigens and subepithelial immune complex deposition in iMGN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina Müller-Deile
- Department of Nephrology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nina Sopel
- Department of Nephrology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexandra Ohs
- Department of Nephrology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Victoria Rose
- Department of Nephrology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marwin Gröner
- Research Center On Rare Kidney Diseases (RECORD), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Wrede
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Hegermann
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christoph Daniel
- Department of Nephropathology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Amann
- Department of Nephropathology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gunther Zahner
- Department of Medicine, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mario Schiffer
- Department of Nephrology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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11
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Tiedje L, Koch R, Blume I, Rohn K, Wrede C, Pfarrer C. Bovine trophoblast giant cells maintain contact to the fetal basement membrane until birth – first evidence by serial block face scanning electron microscopy. Placenta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2021.07.258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Appuhn SV, Siebert S, Myti D, Wrede C, Surate Solaligue DE, Pérez-Bravo D, Brandenberger C, Schipke J, Morty RE, Grothausmann R, Mühlfeld C. Capillary Changes Precede Disordered Alveolarization in a Mouse Model of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2021; 65:81-91. [PMID: 33784484 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2021-0004oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), the most common sequela of preterm birth, is a severe disorder of the lung that is often associated with long-lasting morbidity. A hallmark of BPD is the disruption of alveolarization, whose pathogenesis is incompletely understood. Here, we tested the vascular hypothesis that disordered vascular development precedes the decreased alveolarization associated with BPD. Neonatal mouse pups were exposed to 7, 14, or 21 days of normoxia (21% O2) or hyperoxia (85% O2) with n = 8-11 for each group. The right lungs were fixed by vascular perfusion and investigated by design-based stereology or three-dimensional reconstruction of data sets obtained by serial block-face scanning EM. The alveolar capillary network of hyperoxia-exposed mice was characterized by rarefaction, partially altered geometry, and widening of capillary segments as shown by three-dimensional reconstruction. Stereology revealed that the development of alveolar epithelium and capillary endothelium was decreased in hyperoxia-exposed mice; however, the time course of these effects was different. That the surface area of the alveolar epithelium was smaller in hyperoxia-exposed mice first became evident at Day 14. In contrast, the surface area of the endothelium was reduced in hyperoxia-exposed mouse pups at Day 7. The thickness of the air-blood barrier decreased during postnatal development in normoxic mice, whereas it increased in hyperoxic mice. The endothelium and the septal connective tissue made appreciable contributions to the thickened septa. In conclusion, the present study provides clear support for the idea that the stunted alveolarization follows the disordered microvascular development, thus supporting the vascular hypothesis of BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja V Appuhn
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy and.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Sara Siebert
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy and.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Despoina Myti
- Department of Lung Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany; and
| | - Christoph Wrede
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy and.,Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - David E Surate Solaligue
- Department of Lung Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany; and
| | - David Pérez-Bravo
- Department of Lung Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany; and
| | - Christina Brandenberger
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy and.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Julia Schipke
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy and.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Rory E Morty
- Department of Lung Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine (Pulmonology), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany; and
| | - Roman Grothausmann
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy and.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany.,Faculty of Engineering and Health, HAWK University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Mühlfeld
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy and.,Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
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13
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Abstract
Since its entry into biomedical research in the first half of the twentieth century, electron microscopy has been a valuable tool for lung researchers to explore the lung's delicate ultrastructure. Among others, it proved the existence of a continuous alveolar epithelium and demonstrated the surfactant lining layer. With the establishment of serial sectioning transmission electron microscopy, as the first "volume electron microscopic" technique, electron microscopy entered the third dimension and investigations of the lung's three-dimensional ultrastructure became possible. Over the years, further techniques, ranging from electron tomography over serial block-face and focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy to array tomography became available. All techniques cover different volumes and resolutions, and, thus, different scientific questions. This review gives an overview of these techniques and their application in lung research, focusing on their fields of application and practical implementation. Furthermore, an introduction is given how the output raw data are processed and the final three-dimensional models can be generated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Philipp Schneider
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Hegermann
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Christoph Wrede
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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14
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Mühlfeld C, Wrede C, Molnár V, Rajces A, Brandenberger C. The plate body: 3D ultrastructure of a facultative organelle of alveolar epithelial type II cells involved in SP-A trafficking. Histochem Cell Biol 2021; 155:261-269. [PMID: 32880000 PMCID: PMC7910259 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-020-01912-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Plate bodies are facultative organelles occasionally described in the adult lungs of various species, including sheep and goat. They consist of multiple layers of plate-like cisterns with an electron dense middle bar. The present study was performed to elucidate the three-dimensional (3D) characteristics of this organelle and its presumed function in surfactant protein A (SP-A) biology. Archived material of four adult goat lungs and PFA-fixed lung samples of two adult sheep lungs were used for the morphological and immunocytochemical parts of this study, respectively. 3D imaging was performed by electron tomography and focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM). Immuno gold labeling was used to analyze whether plate bodies are positive for SP-A. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of plate bodies in three of four goat lungs and in both sheep lungs. Electron tomography and FIB-SEM characterized the plate bodies as layers of two up to over ten layers of membranous cisterns with the characteristic electron dense middle bar. The membranes of the plates were in connection with the rough endoplasmic reticulum and showed vesicular inclusions in the middle of the plates and a vesicular network at the sides of the organelle. Immuno gold labeling revealed the presence of SP-A in the vesicular network of plate bodies but not in the characteristic plates themselves. In conclusion, the present study clearly proves the connection of plate bodies with the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the presence of a vesicular network as part of the organelle involved in SP-A trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Mühlfeld
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Research (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
- Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christoph Wrede
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Research (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
- Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Alexandra Rajces
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christina Brandenberger
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Research (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany.
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15
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Wrede C, Hegermann J, Mühlfeld C. Novel cell contact between podocyte microprojections and parietal epithelial cells analyzed by volume electron microscopy. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020; 318:F1246-F1251. [PMID: 32249613 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00097.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Podocytes are highly specialized cells with a clear cell polarity. It is known that in health and disease, microvilli protrude from the apical surface of the podocytes into the urinary space. As a basis to better understand the podocyte microprojections/microvilli, the present study analyzed their spatial localization, extension, and contact site with parietal epithelial cells (PECs). Using different electron microscopic (EM) techniques, we analyzed renal corpuscles of healthy young adult male C57BL/6 mice fixed by vascular perfusion. Serial block-face scanning EM was used to visualize entire corpuscles, focused ion beam scanning EM was performed to characterize microprojection/microvilli-rich regions at higher magnification, and transmission EM of serial sections was used to analyze the contact zone between podocyte microprojections and PECs. Numerous microprojections originating from the primary processes of podocytes were present in the urinary space in all regions of the corpuscle. They often reached the apical surface of the PEC but did not make junctional contacts. At high resolution, it was observed that the glycocalyx of both cells was in contact. Depending on the distance between podocytes and PECs, these microprojections had a stretched or coiled state. The present study shows that microprojections/microvilli of podocytes are a physiological feature of healthy mouse kidneys and are frequently in contact with the apical surface of PECs, thus spanning the urinary space. It is proposed that podocyte microprojections serve mechanosensory or communicative functions between podocytes and PECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Wrede
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Hegermann
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christian Mühlfeld
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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16
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Schneider JP, Wrede C, Mühlfeld C. The Three-Dimensional Ultrastructure of the Human Alveolar Epithelium Revealed by Focused Ion Beam Electron Microscopy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21031089. [PMID: 32041332 PMCID: PMC7038159 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Thin type 1 alveolar epithelial (AE1) and surfactant producing type 2 alveolar epithelial (AE2) cells line the alveoli in the lung and are essential for normal lung function. Function is intimately interrelated to structure, so that detailed knowledge of the epithelial ultrastructure can significantly enhance our understanding of its function. The basolateral surface of the cells or the epithelial contact sites are of special interest, because they play an important role in intercellular communication or stabilizing the epithelium. The latter is in particular important for the lung with its variable volume. The aim of the present study was to investigate the three-dimensional (3D) ultrastructure of the human alveolar epithelium focusing on contact sites and the basolateral cell membrane of AE2 cells using focused ion beam electron microscopy and subsequent 3D reconstructions. The study provides detailed surface reconstructions of two AE1 cell domains and two AE2 cells, showing AE1/AE1, AE1/AE2 and AE2/AE2 contact sites, basolateral microvilli pits at AE2 cells and small AE1 processes beneath AE2 cells. Furthermore, we show reconstructions of a surfactant secretion pore, enlargements of the apical AE1 cell surface and long folds bordering grooves on the basal AE1 cell surface. The functional implications of our findings are discussed. These findings may lay the structural basis for further molecular investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Philipp Schneider
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (C.W.); (C.M.)
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Christoph Wrede
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (C.W.); (C.M.)
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Christian Mühlfeld
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (C.W.); (C.M.)
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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17
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Schneider JP, Wrede C, Hegermann J, Weibel ER, Mühlfeld C, Ochs M. On the Topological Complexity of Human Alveolar Epithelial Type 1 Cells. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020; 199:1153-1156. [PMID: 30758981 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201810-1866le] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Philipp Schneider
- 1 Hannover Medical School Hannover, Germany.,2 Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, Member of the German Center for Lung Research Hannover, Germany.,3 REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence Hannover, Germany
| | - Christoph Wrede
- 1 Hannover Medical School Hannover, Germany.,2 Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, Member of the German Center for Lung Research Hannover, Germany.,3 REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Hegermann
- 1 Hannover Medical School Hannover, Germany.,2 Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, Member of the German Center for Lung Research Hannover, Germany.,3 REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Christian Mühlfeld
- 1 Hannover Medical School Hannover, Germany.,2 Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, Member of the German Center for Lung Research Hannover, Germany.,3 REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthias Ochs
- 1 Hannover Medical School Hannover, Germany.,2 Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, Member of the German Center for Lung Research Hannover, Germany.,3 REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence Hannover, Germany.,5 Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin ‡ Berlin, Germany
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18
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Plaster B, Adamek E, Allgeier B, Anaya J, Back H, Bagdasarova Y, Berguno D, Blatnik M, Boissevain J, Bowles T, Broussard L, Brown MP, Carr R, Clark D, Clayton S, Cude-Woods C, Currie S, Dees E, Ding X, Du S, Filippone B, García A, Geltenbort P, Hasan S, Hawari A, Hickerson K, Hill R, Hino M, Hoagland J, Hoedl S, Hogan G, Hona B, Hong R, Holley A, Ito T, Kawai T, Kirch K, Kitagaki S, Knecht A, Lamoreaux S, Liu CY, Liu J, Makela M, Mammei R, Martin J, Meier N, Melconian D, Mendenhall M, Moore S, Morris C, Mortensen R, Nepal S, Nouri N, Pattie R, Pérez Galván A, Phillips II D, Pichlmaier A, Picker R, Pitt M, Ramsey J, Rios R, Russell R, Sabourov K, Sallaska A, Salvat D, Saunders A, Schmid R, Seestrom S, Servicky C, Sharapov E, Sjue S, Slutsky S, Smith D, Sondheim W, Sun X, Swank C, Swift G, Tatar E, Teasdale W, Terai C, Tipton B, Utsuro M, Vogelaar R, VornDick B, Wang Z, Wehring B, Wexler J, Womack T, Wrede C, Xu Y, Yan H, Young A, Yuan J, Zeck B. Final results for the neutron β-asymmetry parameter A0 from the UCNA experiment. EPJ Web Conf 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201921904004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The UCNA experiment was designed to measure the neutron β-asymmetry parameter A0 using polarized ultracold neutrons (UCN). UCN produced via downscattering in solid deuterium were polarized via transport through a 7 T magnetic field, and then directed to a 1 T solenoidal electron spectrometer, where the decay electrons were detected in electron detector packages located on the two ends of the spectrometer. A value for A0 was then extracted from the asymmetry in the numbers of counts in the two detector packages. We summarize all of the results from the UCNA experiment, obtained during run periods in 2007, 2008–2009, 2010, and 2011–2013, which ultimately culminated in a 0.67% precision result for A0.
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Gries A, Seekamp A, Wrede C, Dodt C. [Training in clinical acute and emergency medicine - Supraspeciality in Germany : A concept for nationwide implementation!]. Anaesthesist 2019; 67:895-900. [PMID: 30511109 DOI: 10.1007/s00101-018-0515-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
At the 121st German Physicians Conference 2018 in Erfurt a resolution to accept the full amendment of the (draft) further training regulations (MWBO) was adopted and the State Medical Councils were requested to include them in their respective areas of responsibility. Therefore, the nationwide implementation of the supraspeciality (ZWB) for clinical acute and emergency medicine has been officially finalized. After consultation with the German Medical Council (BÄK) concerning the format, both the new MWBO 2018 and now the content of the ZWB are available as of 15 November 2018.The Physicians Conference resolution and anchoring of the new ZWB clinical acute and emergency medicine in the MWBO were preceded by a process lasting approximately 10 years. The concept of the ZWB clinical acute and emergency medicine, which was scrutinized by the Standing Committee on "medical further training" and the board of the BÄK and presented for approval, was essentially developed by representatives of the German Interdisciplinary Association for Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine (DIVI) and the German Society for Interdisciplinary Emergency and Acute Medicine (DGINA) in consultation with the BÄK. A consensus was finally reached in September 2017 in cooperation with those German specialist societies with a high proportion of emergency patients.In addition to the title, definition, and minimum requirements for applying the ZWB, the content was processed according to the European curriculum for emergency medicine. The structural prerequisites have now been approved, the Standing Committee has configured the content, and the complete MWBO 2018 has been successfully presented, such that the ZWB clinical acute and emergency medicine is expected to be implemented in the individual Federal States within the next 1-2 years.This article describes the history and development of ZWB clinical acute and emergency medicine in Germany and outlines future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gries
- Zentrale Notaufnahme, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Liebigstraße 20, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland.
| | - A Seekamp
- Klinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig Holstein, Kiel, Deutschland
| | - C Wrede
- Interdisziplinäres Notfallzentrum, HELIOS Klinikum Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - C Dodt
- Notfallzentrum, Städtisches Klinikum München Bogenhausen, München, Deutschland
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Hegermann J, Wrede C, Fassbender S, Schliep R, Ochs M, Knudsen L, Mühlfeld C. Volume-CLEM: a method for correlative light and electron microscopy in three dimensions. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 317:L778-L784. [DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00333.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Generation of three-dimensional (3D) data sets from serial sections of tissues imaged by light microscopy (LM) allows identification of rare structures by morphology or fluorescent labeling. Here, we demonstrate a workflow for correlative LM and electron microscopy (EM) from 3D LM to 3D EM, using the same sectioned material for both methods consecutively. The new approach is easy to reproduce in routine EM laboratories and applicable to a wide range of organs and research questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Hegermann
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
- Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Christoph Wrede
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
- Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Susanne Fassbender
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Ronja Schliep
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Matthias Ochs
- Institute of Vegetative Anatomy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, The German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars Knudsen
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Research (BREATH), Member of The German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Christian Mühlfeld
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
- Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Research (BREATH), Member of The German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
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21
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Buchacker T, Mühlfeld C, Wrede C, Wagner WL, Beare R, McCormick M, Grothausmann R. Assessment of the Alveolar Capillary Network in the Postnatal Mouse Lung in 3D Using Serial Block-Face Scanning Electron Microscopy. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1357. [PMID: 31824323 PMCID: PMC6881265 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The alveolar capillary network (ACN) has a large surface area that provides the basis for an optimized gas exchange in the lung. It needs to adapt to morphological changes during early lung development and alveolarization. Structural alterations of the pulmonary vasculature can lead to pathological functional conditions such as in bronchopulmonary dysplasia and various other lung diseases. To understand the development of the ACN and its impact on the pathogenesis of lung diseases, methods are needed that enable comparative analyses of the complex three-dimensional structure of the ACN at different developmental stages and under pathological conditions. In this study a newborn mouse lung was imaged with serial block-face scanning electron microscopy (SBF-SEM) to investigate the ACN and its surrounding structures before the alveolarization process begins. Most parts but not all of the examined ACN contain two layers of capillaries, which were repeatedly connected with each other. A path from an arteriole to a venule was extracted and straightened to allow cross-sectional visualization of the data along the path within a plane. This allows a qualitative characterization of the structures that erythrocytes pass on their way through the ACN. One way to define regions of the ACN supplied by specific arterioles is presented and used for analyses. Pillars, possibly intussusceptive, were found in the vasculature but no specific pattern was observed in regard to parts of the saccular septa. This study provides 3D information with a resolution of about 150 nm on the microscopic structure of a newborn mouse lung and outlines some of the potentials and challenges of SBF-SEM for 3D analyses of the ACN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Buchacker
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hanover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Research (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Hanover, Germany
| | - Christian Mühlfeld
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hanover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Research (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Hanover, Germany.,REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hanover, Germany
| | - Christoph Wrede
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hanover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Research (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Hanover, Germany.,Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Willi L Wagner
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (DIR), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Richard Beare
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Roman Grothausmann
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hanover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Research (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Hanover, Germany
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22
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Sun X, Adamek E, Allgeier B, Blatnik M, Bowles T, Broussard L, Brown MP, Carr R, Clayton S, Cude-Woods C, Currie S, Dees E, Ding X, Filippone B, García A, Geltenbort P, Hasan S, Hickerson K, Hoagland J, Hong R, Hogan G, Holley A, Ito T, Kneckt A, Liu CY, Liu J, Makela M, Mammei R, Martin J, Melconian D, Mendenhall M, Moore S, Morris C, Nepal S, Nouri N, Pattie R, Galván A, Phillips II D, Picker R, Pitt M, Plaster B, Ramsey J, Rios R, Salvat D, Saunders A, Sondheim W, Sjue S, Slutsky S, Swank C, Swift G, Tatar E, Vogelaar R, VornDick B, Wanchun W, Wang Z, Wexler J, Womack T, Wrede C, Young A, Zeck B. Search for neutron dark decay: n → χ + e+e−. EPJ Web Conf 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201921905008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In January, 2018, Fornal and Grinstein proposed that a previously unobserved neutron decay branch to a dark matter particle (χ) could account for the discrepancy in the neutron lifetime observed in two different types of experiments. One of the possible final states discussed includes a single χ along with an e+e− pair. We use data from the UCNA (Ultracold Neutron Asymmetry) experiment to set limits on this decay channel. Coincident electron-like events are detected with ∼ 4π acceptance using a pair of detectors that observe a volume of stored Ultracold Neutrons (UCNs). We use the timing information of coincidence events to select candidate dark sector particle decays by applying a timing calibration and selecting events within a physically-forbidden timing region for conventional n → p + e- + ν̅e decays. The summed kinetic energy (Ee+e−) from such events is reconstructed and used to set limits, as a function of the χ mass, on the branching fraction for this decay channel.
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Mühlfeld C, Neves J, Brandenberger C, Hegermann J, Wrede C, Altamura S, Muckenthaler MU. Air-blood barrier thickening and alterations of alveolar epithelial type 2 cells in mouse lungs with disrupted hepcidin/ferroportin regulatory system. Histochem Cell Biol 2018; 151:217-228. [PMID: 30280242 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-018-1737-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Iron accumulates in the lungs of patients with common respiratory diseases or transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia. Based on our previous work, we hypothesized that systemic iron overload affects the alveolar region of the lung and in particular the surfactant producing alveolar epithelial type II (AE2) cells. Mice with a point mutation in the iron exporter ferroportin, a model for human hemochromatosis type 4 were compared to wildtype mice (n = 5 each). Lungs were fixed and prepared for light and electron microscopy (EM) according to state-of-the-art protocols to detect subcellular iron localization by scanning EM/EDX and to perform design-based stereology. Iron was detected as electron dense particles in membrane-bound organelles, likely lysosomes, in AE1 cells. AE2 cells were higher in number but had a lower mean volume in mutated mice. Lamellar body volume per AE2 cell was lower but total volume of lamellar bodies in the lung was comparable to wildtype mice. While the volume of alveoli was lower in mutated mice, the volume of alveolar ducts as well as the surface area, volume and the mean thickness and composition of the septa was similar in both genotypes. The thickness of the air-blood barrier was greater in the mutated than in the WT mice. In conclusion, disruption of systemic iron homeostasis affects the ultrastructure of interalveolar septa which is characterized by membrane-bound iron storage in AE1 cells, thickening of the air-blood barrier and hyperplasia and hypotrophy of AE2 cells despite normal total intracellular surfactant pools. The functional relevance of these findings requires further analysis to better understand the impact of iron on intra-alveolar surfactant function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Mühlfeld
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany. .,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany. .,Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover, Germany.
| | - Joana Neves
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christina Brandenberger
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Hegermann
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover, Germany.,Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christoph Wrede
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover, Germany.,Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sandro Altamura
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martina U Muckenthaler
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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24
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Mühlfeld C, Wrede C, Knudsen L, Buchacker T, Ochs M, Grothausmann R. Recent developments in 3-D reconstruction and stereology to study the pulmonary vasculature. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 315:L173-L183. [DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00541.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations of the pulmonary vasculature are an important feature of human lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary hypertension, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Experimental studies to investigate the pathogenesis or a therapeutic intervention in animal models of these diseases often require robust, meaningful, and efficient morphometric data that allow for appropriate statistical testing. The gold standard for obtaining such data is design-based stereology. However, certain morphological characteristics of the pulmonary vasculature make the implementation of stereological methods challenging. For example, the alveolar capillary network functions according to the sheet flow principle, thus making unbiased length estimations impossible and requiring other strategies to obtain mechanistic morphometric data. Another example is the location of pathological changes along the branches of the vascular tree. For developmental defects like in bronchopulmonary dysplasia or for pulmonary hypertension, it is important to know whether certain segments of the vascular tree are preferentially altered. This cannot be overcome by traditional stereological methods but requires the combination of a three-dimensional data set and stereology. The present review aims at highlighting the great potential while discussing the major challenges (such as time consumption and data volume) of this combined approach. We hope to raise interest in the potential of this approach and thus stimulate solutions to overcome the existing challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Mühlfeld
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Christoph Wrede
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Lars Knudsen
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Tobias Buchacker
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthias Ochs
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Roman Grothausmann
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
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25
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Sachsenheimer FE, Yang I, Zimmermann O, Wrede C, Müller LV, Gunka K, Groß U, Suerbaum S. Genomic and phenotypic diversity of Clostridium difficile during long-term sequential recurrences of infection. Int J Med Microbiol 2018; 308:364-377. [PMID: 29490877 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection with the emerging pathogen Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile might lead to colonization of the gastrointestinal tract of humans and mammals eventually resulting in antibiotic-associated diarrhea, which can be mild to possibly life-threatening. Recurrences after antibiotic treatment have been described in 15-30% of the cases and are either caused by the original (relapse) or by new strains (reinfection). In this study, we describe a patient with ongoing recurrent C. difficile infections over 13 months. During this time, ten C. difficile strains of six different ribotypes could be isolated that were further characterized by phenotypic and genomic analyses including motility and sporulation assays, growth fitness and antibiotic susceptibility as well as whole-genome sequencing. PCR ribotyping of the isolates confirmed that the recurrences were a mixture of relapses and reinfections. One recurrence was due to a mixed infection with three different strains of two different ribotypes. Furthermore, genomes were sequenced and multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) was carried out, which identified the strains as members of sequence types (STs) 10, 11, 14 and 76. Comparison of the genomes of isolates of the same ST originating from recurrent CDI (relapses) indicated little within-patient microevolution and some concurrent within-patient diversity of closely related strains. Isolates of ribotype 126 that are binary toxin positive differed from other ribotypes in various phenotypic aspects including motility, sporulation behavior and cell morphology. Ribotype 126 is genetically related to ribotype 078 that has been associated with increased virulence. Isolates of the ribotype 126 exhibited elongated cells and a chaining phenotype, which was confirmed by membrane staining and scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, this strain exhibits a sinking behavior in liquid medium in stationary growth phase. Taken together, our observation has proven multiple CDI recurrences that were based on a mixture of relapses and reinfections.
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Affiliation(s)
- F E Sachsenheimer
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Kreuzbergring 57, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - I Yang
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, Germany; Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Materials Science, Hannover Medical School, Stadtfelddamm 34, Hannover, Germany
| | - O Zimmermann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Kreuzbergring 57, Göttingen, Germany
| | - C Wrede
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, Germany
| | - L V Müller
- National Consulting Laboratory for Clostridium difficile, Germany
| | - K Gunka
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Kreuzbergring 57, Göttingen, Germany
| | - U Groß
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Kreuzbergring 57, Göttingen, Germany
| | - S Suerbaum
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, Germany; Max von Pettenkofer Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Pettenkoferstr. 9a, 80336 Munich, Germany; DZIF German Center for Infection Research, Hannover-Braunschweig and Munich Partner Sites, Germany
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Herrmann P, Waydhas C, Wrede C, Böttiger BW. Zwanzig Jahre Notfall + Rettungsmedizin. Notf Rett Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10049-017-0369-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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27
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Stauber M, Boldt K, Wrede C, Weidemann M, Kellner M, Schuster-Gossler K, Kühnel MP, Hegermann J, Ueffing M, Gossler A. 1700012B09Rik, a FOXJ1 effector gene active in ciliated tissues of the mouse but not essential for motile ciliogenesis. Dev Biol 2017; 429:186-199. [PMID: 28666954 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2017.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In humans and mice, motile cilia occur on the surface of the embryonic ventral node, on respiratory and ependymal epithelia and in reproductive organs where they ensure normal left-right asymmetry of the organism, mucociliary clearance of airways, homeostasis of the cerebrospinal fluid and fertility. The genetic programme for the formation of motile cilia, thus critical for normal development and health, is switched on by the key transcription factor FOXJ1. In previous microarray screens for murine FOXJ1 effectors, we identified candidates for novel factors involved in motile ciliogenesis, including both genes that are well conserved throughout metazoa and beyond, like FOXJ1 itself, and genes without overt homologues outside higher vertebrates. Here we examine one of the novel murine FOXJ1 effectors, the uncharacterised 1700012B09Rik whose homologues appear to be restricted to higher vertebrates. In mouse embryos and adults, 1700012B09Rik is predominantly expressed in motile ciliated tissues in a FOXJ1-dependent manner. 1700012B09RIK protein localises to basal bodies of cilia in cultured cells. Detailed analysis of 1700012B09RiklacZ knock-out mice reveals no impaired function of motile cilia or non-motile cilia. In conclusion, this novel FOXJ1 effector is associated mainly with motile cilia but - in contrast to other known FOXJ1 targets - its putative ciliary function is not essential for development or health in the mouse, consistent with a late emergence during evolution of motile ciliogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Stauber
- Institute for Molecular Biology, OE5250, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Karsten Boldt
- Institute of Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, University of Tübingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Str. 7, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Wrede
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, OE8840, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover, Germany; German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Germany
| | - Marina Weidemann
- Institute for Molecular Biology, OE5250, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover, Germany
| | - Manuela Kellner
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, OE8840, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover, Germany; German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Germany
| | - Karin Schuster-Gossler
- Institute for Molecular Biology, OE5250, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mark Philipp Kühnel
- Institute for Pathology, OE5110, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Germany
| | - Jan Hegermann
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, OE8840, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover, Germany; German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Germany
| | - Marius Ueffing
- Institute of Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, University of Tübingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Str. 7, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Achim Gossler
- Institute for Molecular Biology, OE5250, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover, Germany
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Dodt C, Wrede C. Infektiologie und Hygiene bei Notfallpatienten. Notf Rett Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10049-017-0300-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Böttiger BW, Waydhas C, Wrede C. BV-ÄLRD wählte Notfall + Rettungsmedizin zu seiner Organzeitschrift. Notf Rett Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10049-017-0306-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Weidemann M, Schuster-Gossler K, Stauber M, Wrede C, Hegermann J, Ott T, Boldt K, Beyer T, Serth K, Kremmer E, Blum M, Ueffing M, Gossler A. CFAP157 is a murine downstream effector of FOXJ1 that is specifically required for flagellum morphogenesis and sperm motility. Development 2016; 143:4736-4748. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.139626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Motile cilia move extracellular fluids or mediate cellular motility. Their function is essential for embryonic development, adult tissue homeostasis and reproduction throughout vertebrates. FOXJ1 is a key transcription factor for the formation of motile cilia but its downstream genetic programme is only partially understood. Here, we characterise a novel FOXJ1 target, Cfap157, that is specifically expressed in motile ciliated tissues in mouse and Xenopus in a FOXJ1-dependent manner. CFAP157 protein localises to basal bodies and interacts with tubulin and the centrosomal protein CEP350. Cfap157 knockout mice appear normal but homozygous males are infertile. Spermatozoa display impaired motility and a novel phenotype: Cfap157-deficient sperm exhibit axonemal loops, supernumerary axonemal profiles with ectopic accessory structures, excess cytoplasm and clustered mitochondria in the midpiece regions, and defective axonemes along the flagella. Our study thus demonstrates an essential sperm-specific function for CFAP157 and suggests that this novel FOXJ1 effector is part of a mechanism that acts during spermiogenesis to suppress the formation of supernumerary axonemes and ensures a correct ultrastructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Weidemann
- Institute for Molecular Biology, OE5250, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Karin Schuster-Gossler
- Institute for Molecular Biology, OE5250, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Michael Stauber
- Institute for Molecular Biology, OE5250, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Christoph Wrede
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, OE8840, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Jan Hegermann
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, OE8840, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Tim Ott
- Institute of Zoology, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 30, Stuttgart 70593, Germany
| | - Karsten Boldt
- Institute of Ophthalmic Research, Center for Ophthalmology, University of Tübingen, Röntgenweg 11, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Tina Beyer
- Institute of Ophthalmic Research, Center for Ophthalmology, University of Tübingen, Röntgenweg 11, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Katrin Serth
- Institute for Molecular Biology, OE5250, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kremmer
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Core Facility Monoclonal Antibodies, Marchioninistr. 25, München 81377, Germany
| | - Martin Blum
- Institute of Zoology, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 30, Stuttgart 70593, Germany
| | - Marius Ueffing
- Institute of Ophthalmic Research, Center for Ophthalmology, University of Tübingen, Röntgenweg 11, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Achim Gossler
- Institute for Molecular Biology, OE5250, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover 30625, Germany
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Schrimpf C, Wrede C, Glage S, Hegermann J, Backhaus S, Blasczyk R, Heuft HG, Müller T. Differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neutrophil granulocytes from common marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus). Transfusion 2016; 57:60-69. [PMID: 27888517 DOI: 10.1111/trf.13909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inherited and acquired marrow failure syndromes most commonly lead to defect in myeloid and/or neutrophil differentiation and/or function. Besides this, neutropenia induced by cancer-adjusted chemotherapy is a frequent clinical problem. In both cases, cell replacement therapy is a well-established, but due to necessity of donors limited and perilous procedure. Therefore, autologous cell replacement from patients' own marrow-derived cells lowers risk and bares new possibilities for therapy. Since the immune system of the marmoset monkey is known to show high similarity to humans, preclinical studies with these animals bare high hopes for immunologic research and cell replacement therapy. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Marmoset-induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells (cj-iPSC) were first cultivated on mouse embryonic feeder cells in medium containing recombinant human vascular endothelial growth factor. After 13 days, CD34+/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2)- cells were sorted, treated with interleukin (IL-3), thrombopoietin, and stem cell factor for 20 days and further cultivated with granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and IL-3 for 10 days. RESULTS CD34+/VEGFR2- cells could be generated in high amounts (39.65 ± 6.01%; 2.31 × 105 cells). Afterward, these hematopoietic progenitors could be successfully differentiated into mature cj-iPSC-derived neutrophils showing similar morphology, specific surface antigens, and neutrophil-specific gene products and in vitro phagocytic activity. CONCLUSION cj-iPSC-derived neutrophils bare high hopes in hematologic cell replacement therapy. They exhibit high morphologic similarity to native neutrophils and present neutrophil-specific surface antigens, antimicrobial proteins, and gene products yielding an auspicious approach for continuative experiments including tests in living animals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christoph Wrede
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover.,REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover, Germany
| | - Silke Glage
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science and Central Animal Facility, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Hegermann
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover.,REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover, Germany
| | - Samantha Backhaus
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover
| | - Rainer Blasczyk
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover
| | - Hans-Gert Heuft
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover
| | - Thomas Müller
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover.,REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover, Germany.,Synlab Medical Care Centre Weiden Ltd, Weiden, Germany
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Wrede C, Wyrwich W, Gries A. Fort- und Weiterbildungskonzepte in der klinischen Notfallmedizin. Notf Rett Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10049-016-0224-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Bhayana S, Baisantry A, Kraemer TD, Wrede C, Hegermann J, Bräsen JH, Bockmeyer C, Ulrich Becker J, Ochs M, Gwinner W, Haller H, Melk A, Schmitt R. Autophagy in kidney transplants of sirolimus treated recipients. J Nephropathol 2016; 6:90-96. [PMID: 28491859 PMCID: PMC5418076 DOI: 10.15171/jnp.2017.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors are increasingly used as immunosuppressive agents in kidney transplantation. In the experimental setting it has been shown that mTOR inhibitors promote autophagy, but the concept that this might also occur in transplant patients has not been addressed. Objectives This study was designed to investigate the association between mTOR inhibition and autophagy in renal transplants under routine clinical conditions. Materials and Methods Protocol transplant biopsies of patients receiving sirolimus were compared to biopsies of patients treated without mTOR inhibitor. Electron microscopy was used for quantitative stereological analysis of autophagosomal volume fractions. Ultrastructural analysis was focused on podocytes to avoid cell type bias. Autophagy-related gene products were profiled by QPCR from laser assisted microdissected glomeruli and by immunohistochemistry for semiquantitative evaluation. Results By electron microscopy, we observed a significant > 50% increase in podocytic autophagosomal volume fractions in patients treated with sirolimus. Evaluation of biopsy material from the same patients using transcriptional profiling of laser capture microdissected glomeruli revealed no differences in autophagy-related gene expressions. Immunohistochemical evaluation of autophagic degradation product p62 was also unaltered whereas a significant increase was observed in podocytic LC3 positivity in biopsies of sirolimus treated patients. Conclusions These results indicate an association of sirolimus treatment and autophagosome formation in transplant patients. However, they might reflect autophagosomal buildup rather than increased autophagic flux. Further research is needed to investigate the potential functional consequences in short- and long-term outcome of patients treated with mTOR inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar Bhayana
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Arpita Baisantry
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Paediatric Nephrology and Gastroenterology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas D Kraemer
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christoph Wrede
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Hegermann
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Matthias Ochs
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover, Germany
| | - Wilfried Gwinner
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hermann Haller
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anette Melk
- Department of Paediatric Nephrology and Gastroenterology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Roland Schmitt
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Kellner M, Heidrich M, Lorbeer RA, Antonopoulos GC, Knudsen L, Wrede C, Izykowski N, Grothausmann R, Jonigk D, Ochs M, Ripken T, Kühnel MP, Meyer H. A combined method for correlative 3D imaging of biological samples from macro to nano scale. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35606. [PMID: 27759114 PMCID: PMC5069670 DOI: 10.1038/srep35606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Correlative analysis requires examination of a specimen from macro to nano scale as well as applicability of analytical methods ranging from morphological to molecular. Accomplishing this with one and the same sample is laborious at best, due to deformation and biodegradation during measurements or intermediary preparation steps. Furthermore, data alignment using differing imaging techniques turns out to be a complex task, which considerably complicates the interconnection of results. We present correlative imaging of the accessory rat lung lobe by combining a modified Scanning Laser Optical Tomography (SLOT) setup with a specially developed sample preparation method (CRISTAL). CRISTAL is a resin-based embedding method that optically clears the specimen while allowing sectioning and preventing degradation. We applied and correlated SLOT with Multi Photon Microscopy, histological and immunofluorescence analysis as well as Transmission Electron Microscopy, all in the same sample. Thus, combining CRISTAL with SLOT enables the correlative utilization of a vast variety of imaging techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Kellner
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Marko Heidrich
- Biomedical Optics Department, Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V., Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | - Lars Knudsen
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Christoph Wrede
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nicole Izykowski
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany.,Institute for Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Roman Grothausmann
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Danny Jonigk
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany.,Institute for Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthias Ochs
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tammo Ripken
- Biomedical Optics Department, Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V., Hannover, Germany
| | - Mark P Kühnel
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Heiko Meyer
- Biomedical Optics Department, Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V., Hannover, Germany.,Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery (HTTG), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Weber N, Schwanke K, Greten S, Wendland M, Iorga B, Fischer M, Geers-Knörr C, Hegermann J, Wrede C, Fiedler J, Kempf H, Franke A, Piep B, Pfanne A, Thum T, Martin U, Brenner B, Zweigerdt R, Kraft T. Stiff matrix induces switch to pure β-cardiac myosin heavy chain expression in human ESC-derived cardiomyocytes. Basic Res Cardiol 2016; 111:68. [PMID: 27743117 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-016-0587-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes hold great potential for in vitro modeling of diseases like cardiomyopathies. Yet, knowledge about expression and functional impact of sarcomeric protein isoforms like the myosin heavy chain (MyHC) in hPSC-cardiomyocytes is scarce. We hypothesized that ventricular β-MyHC expression alters contraction and calcium kinetics and drives morphological and electrophysiological differentiation towards ventricular-like cardiomyocytes. To address this, we (1) generated human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hESC-CMs) that switched towards exclusive β-MyHC, and (2) functionally and morphologically characterized these hESC-CMs at the single-cell level. MyHC-isoforms and functional properties were investigated during prolonged in vitro culture of cardiomyocytes in floating cardiac bodies (soft conditions) vs. culture on a stiff matrix. Using a specific anti-β-MyHC and a newly generated anti-α-MyHC-antibody, we found individual cardiomyocytes grown in cardiac bodies to mostly express both α- and β-MyHC-protein isoforms. Yet, 35 and 75 days of cultivation on laminin-coated glass switched 66 and 87 % of all cardiomyocytes to exclusively express β-MyHC, respectively. Twitch contraction and calcium transients were faster for CMs on laminin-glass. Surprisingly, both parameters were only little affected by the MyHC-isoform, although hESC-CMs with only β-MyHC had much lower ATP-turnover and tension cost, just as in human ventricular cardiomyocytes. Spontaneous contractions and no strict coupling of β-MyHC to ventricular-like action potentials suggest that MyHC-isoform expression does not fully determine the hESC-CM differentiation status. Stiff substrate-induced pure β-MyHC-protein expression in hESC-CMs, with several contractile parameters close to ventricular cardiomyocytes, provides a well-defined in vitro system for modeling of cardiomyopathies and drug screening approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Weber
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl Neuberg Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kristin Schwanke
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,HTTG, LEBAO and REBIRTH-Center for Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl Neuberg Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stephan Greten
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl Neuberg Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Meike Wendland
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl Neuberg Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bogdan Iorga
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl Neuberg Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Martin Fischer
- Institute of Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Cornelia Geers-Knörr
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl Neuberg Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Hegermann
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Excellence Cluster, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christoph Wrede
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Excellence Cluster, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Fiedler
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Henning Kempf
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,HTTG, LEBAO and REBIRTH-Center for Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl Neuberg Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Annika Franke
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,HTTG, LEBAO and REBIRTH-Center for Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl Neuberg Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Birgit Piep
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl Neuberg Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Angelika Pfanne
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Integrated Research and Treatment Center Transplantation (IFB-Tx) and REBIRTH Excellence Cluster, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ulrich Martin
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,HTTG, LEBAO and REBIRTH-Center for Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl Neuberg Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bernhard Brenner
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl Neuberg Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Robert Zweigerdt
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. .,Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. .,HTTG, LEBAO and REBIRTH-Center for Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl Neuberg Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Theresia Kraft
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl Neuberg Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
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Baisantry A, Bhayana S, Wrede C, Hegermann J, Haller H, Melk A, Schmitt R. The impact of autophagy on the development of senescence in primary tubular epithelial cells. Cell Cycle 2016; 15:2973-2979. [PMID: 27715411 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2016.1234547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy and senescence are 2 distinct pathways that are importantly involved in acute kidney injury and renal repair. Recent data indicate that the 2 processes might be interrelated. To investigate the potential link between autophagy and senescence in the kidney we isolated primary tubular epithelial cells (PTEC) from wild-type mice and monitored the occurrence of cellular senescence during autophagy activation and inhibition. We found that the process of cell isolation and transfer into culture was associated with a strong basal autophagic activation in PTEC. Specific inhibition of autophagy by silencing autophagy-related 5 (Atg5) counteracted the occurrence of senescence hallmarks under baseline conditions. Reduced senescent features were also observed in Atg5 silenced PTEC after γ-irradiation and during H-Ras induced oncogenic senescence, but the response was less uniform in these stress models. Senescence inhibition was paralleled by better preservation of a mature epithelial phenotype in PTEC. Interestingly, treatment with rapamycin, which acts as an activator of autophagy, also counteracted the occurrence of senescence features in PTEC. While we interpret the anti-senescent effect of rapamycin as an autophagy-independent effect of mTOR-inhibition, the more specific approach of Atg5 silencing indicates that overactivated autophagy can have pro-senescent effects in PTEC. These results highlight the complex interaction between cell culture dependent stress mechanisms, autophagy and senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Baisantry
- a Department of Nephrology , Children's Hospital , Hannover , Germany.,b Department of Kidney , Liver and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital , Hannover , Germany
| | - Sagar Bhayana
- a Department of Nephrology , Children's Hospital , Hannover , Germany
| | - Christoph Wrede
- c Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany.,d Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany
| | - Jan Hegermann
- c Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany.,d Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany
| | - Hermann Haller
- a Department of Nephrology , Children's Hospital , Hannover , Germany
| | - Anette Melk
- b Department of Kidney , Liver and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital , Hannover , Germany
| | - Roland Schmitt
- a Department of Nephrology , Children's Hospital , Hannover , Germany
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Ochs M, Knudsen L, Hegermann J, Wrede C, Grothausmann R, Mühlfeld C. Using electron microscopes to look into the lung. Histochem Cell Biol 2016; 146:695-707. [PMID: 27688057 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-016-1502-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In the nineteenth century, there was a dispute about the existence of a lung alveolar epithelium which remained unsolved until the invention of electron microscopy (EM) and its application to the lung. From the early 1960s, Ewald Weibel became the master of lung EM. He showed that the alveolar epithelium is covered with a lining layer containing surfactant. Weibel also explained the phenomenon of "non-nucleated plates" observed already in 1881 by Albert Kölliker. Weibel's most significant contribution was to the development of stereological methods. Therefore, quantitative characterization of lung structure revealing structure-function relationships became possible. Today, the spectrum of EM methods to study the fine structure of the lung has been extended significantly. Cryo-preparation techniques are available which are necessary for immunogold labeling of molecules. Energy-filtering techniques can be used for the detection of elements. There have also been major improvements in stereology, thus providing a very versatile toolbox for quantitative lung phenotype analyses. A new dimension was added by 3D EM techniques. Depending on the desired sample size and resolution, the spectrum ranges from array tomography via serial block face scanning EM and focused ion beam scanning EM to electron tomography. These 3D datasets provide new insights into lung ultrastructure. Biomedical EM is an ever-developing field. Its high resolution remains unparalleled. Moreover, EM has the unique advantage of providing an "open view" into cells and tissues within their full architectural context. Therefore, EM will remain an indispensable tool for a better understanding of the lung's functional design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Ochs
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany. .,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany. .,REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Lars Knudsen
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Hegermann
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christoph Wrede
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover, Germany
| | - Roman Grothausmann
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christian Mühlfeld
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover, Germany
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Waydhas C, Wrede C, Böttiger BW. Eckpunktepapier 2.0 und notfallmedizinische Versorgung der Bevölkerung. Notf Rett Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10049-016-0199-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Heiß P, Wildgruber M, Müller-Wille R, Gößmann H, Wiggermann P, Zorger N, Stroszczynski C, Wrede C. CT versus mesenteriale DSA bei obskurer gastrointestinaler Blutung. Stellenwert der intraarteriellen CT-Mesenterikografie. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1581322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Bennett MB, Wrede C, Brown BA, Liddick SN, Pérez-Loureiro D, Bardayan DW, Chen AA, Chipps KA, Fry C, Glassman BE, Langer C, Larson NR, McNeice EI, Meisel Z, Ong W, O'Malley PD, Pain SD, Prokop CJ, Schatz H, Schwartz SB, Suchyta S, Thompson P, Walters M, Xu X. Isospin Mixing Reveals ^{30}P(p,γ)^{31}S Resonance Influencing Nova Nucleosynthesis. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 116:102502. [PMID: 27015475 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.102502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The thermonuclear ^{30}P(p,γ)^{31}S reaction rate is critical for modeling the final elemental and isotopic abundances of ONe nova nucleosynthesis, which affect the calibration of proposed nova thermometers and the identification of presolar nova grains, respectively. Unfortunately, the rate of this reaction is essentially unconstrained experimentally, because the strengths of key ^{31}S proton capture resonance states are not known, largely due to uncertainties in their spins and parities. Using the β decay of ^{31}Cl, we have observed the β-delayed γ decay of a ^{31}S state at E_{x}=6390.2(7) keV, with a ^{30}P(p,γ)^{31}S resonance energy of E_{r}=259.3(8) keV, in the middle of the ^{30}P(p,γ)^{31}S Gamow window for peak nova temperatures. This state exhibits isospin mixing with the nearby isobaric analog state at E_{x}=6279.0(6) keV, giving it an unambiguous spin and parity of 3/2^{+} and making it an important l=0 resonance for proton capture on ^{30}P.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Bennett
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - C Wrede
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - B A Brown
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S N Liddick
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - D Pérez-Loureiro
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - D W Bardayan
- Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - A A Chen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - K A Chipps
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - C Fry
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - B E Glassman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - C Langer
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - N R Larson
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - E I McNeice
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Z Meisel
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - W Ong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - P D O'Malley
- Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - S D Pain
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - C J Prokop
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Schatz
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S B Schwartz
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Geology and Physics, University of Southern Indiana, Evansville, Indiana 47712, USA
| | - S Suchyta
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - P Thompson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - M Walters
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - X Xu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
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Wittmann T, Frixel S, Höppner S, Schindlbeck U, Schams A, Kappler M, Hegermann J, Wrede C, Liebisch G, Vierzig A, Zacharasiewicz A, Kopp MV, Poets CF, Baden W, Hartl D, van Kaam AH, Lohse P, Aslanidis C, Zarbock R, Griese M. Increased Risk of Interstitial Lung Disease in Children with a Single R288K Variant of ABCA3. Mol Med 2016; 22:183-191. [PMID: 26928390 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2015.00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The ABCA3 gene encodes a lipid transporter in type II pneumocytes critical for survival and normal respiratory function. The frequent ABCA3 variant R288K increases the risk for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome among term and late preterm neonates, but its role in children's interstitial lung disease has not been studied in detail. In a retrospective cohort study of 228 children with interstitial lung disease related to the alveolar surfactant system, the frequency of R288K was assessed and the phenotype of patients carrying a single R288K variant further characterized by clinical course, lung histology, computed tomography and bronchoalveolar lavage phosphatidylcholine PC 32:0. Cell lines stably transfected with ABCA3-R288K were analyzed for intracellular transcription, processing and targeting of the protein. ABCA3 function was assessed by detoxification assay of doxorubicin, and the induction and volume of lamellar bodies. We found nine children with interstitial lung disease carrying a heterozygous R288K variant, a frequency significantly higher than in the general Caucasian population. All identified patients had neonatal respiratory insufficiency, recovered and developed chronic interstitial lung disease with intermittent exacerbations during early childhood. In vitro analysis showed normal transcription, processing, and targeting of ABCA3-R288K, but impaired detoxification function and smaller lamellar bodies. We propose that the R288K variant can underlie interstitial lung disease in childhood due to reduced function of ABCA3, demonstrated by decelerated detoxification of doxorubicin, reduced PC 32:0 content and decreased lamellar body volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Wittmann
- Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University, German Lung Research Center (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Sabrina Frixel
- Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University, German Lung Research Center (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie Höppner
- Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University, German Lung Research Center (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrike Schindlbeck
- Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University, German Lung Research Center (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea Schams
- Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University, German Lung Research Center (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Kappler
- Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University, German Lung Research Center (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Hegermann
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, German Lung Research Center (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Christoph Wrede
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, German Lung Research Center (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Gerhard Liebisch
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Anne Vierzig
- Paediatric Intensive Care, University Children's Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Matthias Volkmar Kopp
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonology, University Löbeck, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Löbeck, Germany
| | | | - Winfried Baden
- Children's Hospital, University of Töbingen, Töbingen, Germany
| | - Dominik Hartl
- Children's Hospital, University of Töbingen, Töbingen, Germany
| | - Anton H van Kaam
- Department of Neonatology, Emma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Charalampos Aslanidis
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Zarbock
- Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University, German Lung Research Center (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Griese
- Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University, German Lung Research Center (DZL), Munich, Germany
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Somasundaram R, Wrede C. Notfallversorgung von Patienten mit alkoholbedingten Erkrankungen. Notf Rett Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10049-015-0126-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Schlosser A, Pilecki B, Hemstra LE, Kejling K, Kristmannsdottir GB, Wulf-Johansson H, Moeller JB, Füchtbauer EM, Nielsen O, Kirketerp-Møller K, Dubey LK, Hansen PBL, Stubbe J, Wrede C, Hegermann J, Ochs M, Rathkolb B, Schrewe A, Bekeredjian R, Wolf E, Gailus-Durner V, Fuchs H, Hrabě de Angelis M, Lindholt JS, Holmskov U, Sorensen GL. MFAP4 Promotes Vascular Smooth Muscle Migration, Proliferation and Accelerates Neointima Formation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015; 36:122-33. [PMID: 26564819 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.115.306672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Arterial injury stimulates remodeling responses that, when excessive, lead to stenosis. These responses are influenced by integrin signaling in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Microfibrillar-associated protein 4 (MFAP4) is an integrin ligand localized to extracellular matrix fibers in the vascular wall. The role of MFAP4 in vascular biology is unknown. We aimed to test the hypothesis that MFAP4 would enhance integrin-dependent VSMC activation. APPROACH AND RESULTS We produced Mfap4-deficient (Mfap4(-/-)) mice and performed carotid artery ligation to explore the role of MFAP4 in vascular biology in vivo. Furthermore, we investigated the effects of MFAP4 in neointimal formation ex vivo and in primary VSMC and monocyte cultures in vitro. When challenged with carotid artery ligation, Mfap4(-/-) mice exhibited delayed neointimal formation, accompanied by early reduction in the number of proliferating medial and neointimal cells, as well as infiltrating leukocytes. Delayed neointimal formation was associated with decreased cross-sectional area of ligated Mfap4(-/-) carotid arteries resulting in lumen narrowing 28 days after ligation. MFAP4 blockade prohibited the formation of neointimal hyperplasia ex vivo. Moreover, we demonstrated that MFAP4 is a ligand for integrin αVβ3 and mediates VSMC phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase, migration, and proliferation in vitro. MFAP4-dependent VSMC activation was reversible by treatment with MFAP4-blocking antibodies and inhibitors of focal adhesion kinase and downstream kinases. In addition, we showed that MFAP4 promotes monocyte chemotaxis in integrin αVβ3-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS MFAP4 regulates integrin αVβ3-induced VSMC proliferation and migration, as well as monocyte chemotaxis, and accelerates neointimal hyperplasia after vascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Schlosser
- From the Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (A.S., B.P., L.E.H., K.K., G.B.K., H.W.-J., J.B.M., K.K.-M., L.K.D., P.B.L.H., J.S., U.H, G.L.S.); Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (E.-M.F.); Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (O.N.); Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (C.W., J.H., M.O.); Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany (C.W., J.H., M.O.); REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover, Germany (C.W., J.H., M.O.); German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany (B.R., A.S., V.G.-D., H.F., M.H.d.A.); Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Munich, Germany (B.R, E.W.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (A.S., R.B.); Chair of Experimental Genetics, Center of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Munich, Germany (M.H.d.A.); Cardiovascular Research Unit, Viborg Hospital, Viborg, Denmark (J.S.L.); and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Center of Individualized Medicine in Arterial Diseases (CIMA), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (J.S.L.)
| | - Bartosz Pilecki
- From the Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (A.S., B.P., L.E.H., K.K., G.B.K., H.W.-J., J.B.M., K.K.-M., L.K.D., P.B.L.H., J.S., U.H, G.L.S.); Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (E.-M.F.); Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (O.N.); Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (C.W., J.H., M.O.); Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany (C.W., J.H., M.O.); REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover, Germany (C.W., J.H., M.O.); German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany (B.R., A.S., V.G.-D., H.F., M.H.d.A.); Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Munich, Germany (B.R, E.W.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (A.S., R.B.); Chair of Experimental Genetics, Center of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Munich, Germany (M.H.d.A.); Cardiovascular Research Unit, Viborg Hospital, Viborg, Denmark (J.S.L.); and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Center of Individualized Medicine in Arterial Diseases (CIMA), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark (J.S.L.)
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Baisantry A, Bhayana S, Rong S, Ermeling E, Wrede C, Hegermann J, Pennekamp P, Sörensen-Zender I, Haller H, Melk A, Schmitt R. Autophagy Induces Prosenescent Changes in Proximal Tubular S3 Segments. J Am Soc Nephrol 2015; 27:1609-16. [PMID: 26487561 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2014111059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that autophagy promotes the development of cellular senescence. Because cellular senescence contributes to renal aging and promotes the progression from AKI to CKD, we investigated the potential effect of tubular autophagy on senescence induction. Compared with kidneys from control mice, kidneys from mice with conditional deletion of autophagy-related 5 (Atg5) for selective ablation of autophagy in proximal tubular S3 segments (Atg5(Δ) (flox/) (Δ) (flox)) presented with significantly less tubular senescence, reduced interstitial fibrosis, and superior renal function 30 days after ischemia/reperfusion injury. To correlate this long-term outcome with differences in the early injury process, kidneys were analyzed 2 hours and 3 days after reperfusion. Notably, compared with kidneys of control mice, Atg5(Δ) (flox/) (Δ) (flox) kidneys showed more cell death in outer medullary S3 segments at 2 hours but less tubular damage and inflammation at day 3. These data suggest that the lack of autophagy prevents early survival mechanisms in severely damaged tubular cells. However, if such compromised cells persist, then they may lead to maladaptive repair and proinflammatory changes, thereby facilitating the development of a senescent phenotype and CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Baisantry
- Department of Nephrology and Department of Kidney, Liver and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | - Esther Ermeling
- Department of Nephrology and Department of Kidney, Liver and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christoph Wrede
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy and Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; and
| | - Jan Hegermann
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy and Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; and
| | - Petra Pennekamp
- Children's Hospital, University of Munster, Munster, Germany
| | | | | | - Anette Melk
- Department of Kidney, Liver and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital, Hannover, Germany
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Mühlfeld C, Hegermann J, Wrede C, Ochs M. A review of recent developments and applications of morphometry/stereology in lung research. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 309:L526-36. [DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00047.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Design-based stereology is the gold standard of morphometry in lung research. Here, we analyze the current use of morphometric and stereological methods in lung research and provide an overview on recent methodological developments and biological observations made by the use of stereology. Based on this analysis we hope to provide useful recommendations for a good stereological practice to further the use of advanced and unbiased stereological methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Mühlfeld
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany; and
- Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Hegermann
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover, Germany
| | - Christoph Wrede
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthias Ochs
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany; and
- Cluster of Excellence REBIRTH (From Regenerative Biology to Reconstructive Therapy), Hannover, Germany
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Mahavadi P, Knudsen L, Venkatesan S, Henneke I, Hegermann J, Wrede C, Ochs M, Ahuja S, Chillappagari S, Ruppert C, Seeger W, Korfei M, Guenther A. Regulation of macroautophagy in amiodarone-induced pulmonary fibrosis. J Pathol Clin Res 2015; 1:252-63. [PMID: 27499909 PMCID: PMC4939895 DOI: 10.1002/cjp2.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Amiodarone (AD) is an iodinated benzofuran derivative, especially known for its antiarrhythmic properties. It exerts serious side‐effects even in patients receiving low doses. AD is well‐known to induce apoptosis of type II alveolar epithelial cells (AECII), a mechanism that has been suggested to play an important role in AD‐induced lung fibrosis. The precise molecular mechanisms underlying this disease are, however, still unclear. Because of its amphiphilic nature, AD becomes enriched in the lysosomal compartments, affecting the general functions of these organelles. Hence, in this study, we aimed to assess the role of autophagy, a lysosome‐dependent homeostasis mechanism, in driving AECII apoptosis in response to AD. In vitro, AD‐treated MLE12 and primary AECII cells showed increased proSP‐C and LC3B positive vacuolar structures and underwent LC3B‐dependent apoptosis. In addition, AD‐induced autophagosome‐lysosome fusion and increased autophagy flux were observed. In vivo, in C57BL/6 mice, LC3B was localised at the limiting membrane of lamellar bodies, which were closely connected to the autophagosomal structures in AECIIs. Our data suggest that AD causes activation of macroautophagy in AECIIs and extensive autophagy‐dependent apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells. Targeting the autophagy pathway may therefore represent an attractive treatment modality in AD‐induced lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poornima Mahavadi
- Department of Internal MedicineJustus-Liebig-UniversityGiessenGermany; Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL)GiessenGermany
| | - Lars Knudsen
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany; Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL)HannoverGermany; REBIRTH Cluster of ExcellenceHannoverGermany
| | - Shalini Venkatesan
- Department of Internal MedicineJustus-Liebig-UniversityGiessenGermany; Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL)GiessenGermany
| | - Ingrid Henneke
- Department of Internal MedicineJustus-Liebig-UniversityGiessenGermany; Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL)GiessenGermany
| | - Jan Hegermann
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany; Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL)HannoverGermany; REBIRTH Cluster of ExcellenceHannoverGermany
| | - Christoph Wrede
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany; Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL)HannoverGermany; REBIRTH Cluster of ExcellenceHannoverGermany
| | - Matthias Ochs
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany; Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL)HannoverGermany; REBIRTH Cluster of ExcellenceHannoverGermany
| | - Saket Ahuja
- Department of Internal MedicineJustus-Liebig-UniversityGiessenGermany; Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL)GiessenGermany
| | - Shashi Chillappagari
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL)GiessenGermany; Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Critical CarePhilipps-Universität MarburgBaldingerstrasse 135043MarburgGermany
| | - Clemens Ruppert
- Department of Internal MedicineJustus-Liebig-UniversityGiessenGermany; Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL)GiessenGermany
| | - Werner Seeger
- Department of Internal MedicineJustus-Liebig-UniversityGiessenGermany; Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL)GiessenGermany; Member of the European IPF Network
| | - Martina Korfei
- Department of Internal MedicineJustus-Liebig-UniversityGiessenGermany; Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL)GiessenGermany
| | - Andreas Guenther
- Department of Internal MedicineJustus-Liebig-UniversityGiessenGermany; Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL)GiessenGermany; Member of the European IPF Network; Lung Clinic Waldhof-ElgershausenGreifensteinGermany
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Böttiger B, Waydhas C, Wrede C. Ein Originalienheft der Notfall+Rettungsmedizin ‒ interdisziplinär und interprofessionell. Notf Rett Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10049-015-0024-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Bartels H, Docker MF, Krappe M, White MM, Wrede C, Potter IC. Variations in the presence of chloride cells in the gills of lampreys (Petromyzontiformes) and their evolutionary implications. J Fish Biol 2015; 86:1421-1428. [PMID: 26023689 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Although confined to fresh water, non-parasitic species of lampreys and the landlocked parasitic sea lamprey, all of which were derived relatively recently from an adromous ancestors, still develop chloride cells, whose function in their ancestors was for osmoregulation in marine waters during the adult parasitic phase. In contrast, such cells are not developed by the non-parasitic least brook lamprey Lampetra aepyptera, which has been separated from its ancestor for >2 million years, nor by the freshwater parasitic species of the genus Ichthyomyzon. The length of time that a non-parasitic species or landlocked parasitic form or species has spent in fresh water is thus considered the overriding factor determining whether chloride cells are developed by those lampreys.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Bartels
- Institut für Funktionelle und Angewandte Anatomie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germany
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