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Barnes L, Birkinshaw TN, Senior AJ, Brügge OS, Lewis W, Argent SP, Moody CJ, Nortcliffe A. Iodoetherification as a strategy towards sp 3-rich scaffolds for drug discovery. Bioorg Med Chem 2024; 101:117636. [PMID: 38354458 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2024.117636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Functionalised tetrahydropyran and spirooxepane scaffolds were prepared utilising an iodoetherification strategy and elaborated to demonstrate their potential use in library synthesis. The iodoetherification products could be readily transformed to the corresponding azides that could be further functionalised via copper-catalysed azide-alkyne cycloaddition or reduction to the amine. The lead-likeness and three-dimensionality of the scaffolds were examined and compared to commercial libraries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Barnes
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy N Birkinshaw
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Aaron J Senior
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Oscar Siles Brügge
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - William Lewis
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen P Argent
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J Moody
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Nortcliffe
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.
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2
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Summers HS, Lewis W, Williams HEL, Bradshaw TD, Moody CJ, Stevens MFG. Discovery of new imidazotetrazinones with potential to overcome tumor resistance. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 257:115507. [PMID: 37262998 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We describe the design, organic synthesis, and characterization, including X-ray crystallography, of a series of novel analogues of the clinically used antitumor agent temozolomide, together with their in vitro biological evaluation. The work has resulted in the discovery of a new series of anticancer imidazotetrazines that offer the potential to overcome the resistance mounted by tumors against temozolomide. The rationally designed compounds that incorporate a propargyl alkylating moiety and a thiazole ring as isosteric replacement for a carboxamide, are readily synthesized (gram-scale), exhibit defined solid-state structures, and enhanced growth-inhibitory activity against human tumor cell lines, including MGMT-expressing and MMR-deficient lines, molecular features that confer tumor resistance. The cell proliferation data were confirmed by clonogenic cell survival assays, and DNA flow cytometry analysis was undertaken to determine the effects of new analogues on cell cycle progression. Detailed 1H NMR spectroscopic studies showed that the new agents are stable in solution, and confirmed their mechanism of action. The propargyl and thiazole substituents significantly improve potency and physicochemical, drug metabolism and permeability properties, suggesting that the thiazole 13 should be prioritized for further preclinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen S Summers
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - William Lewis
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Huw E L Williams
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Tracey D Bradshaw
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Christopher J Moody
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Malcolm F G Stevens
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
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3
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Sánchez P, Salas CO, Gallardo-Fuentes S, Villegas A, Veloso N, Honores J, Inman M, Isaacs M, Contreras R, Moody CJ, Cisterna J, Brito I, Tapia RA. Phenoxy- and Phenylamino-Heterocyclic Quinones: Synthesis and Preliminary Anti-Pancreatic Cancer Activity. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202101036. [PMID: 35581163 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202101036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The successful application of fragment-based drug discovery strategy for the efficient synthesis of phenoxy- or phenylamino-2-phenyl-benzofuran, -benzoxazole and -benzothiazole quinones is described. Interestingly, in the final step of the synthesis of the target compounds, unusual results were observed on the regiochemistry of the reaction of bromoquinones with phenol and aniline. A theoretical study was carried out for better understanding the factors that control the regiochemistry of these reactions. The substituted heterocyclic quinones were evaluated in vitro to determine their cytotoxicity by the MTT method in three pancreatic cancer cell lines (MIA-PaCa-2, BxPC-3, and AsPC-1). Phenoxy benzothiazole quinone 26a showed potent cytotoxic activity against BxPC-3 cell lines, while phenylamino benzoxazole quinone 20 was the most potent on MIA-PaCa-2 cells. Finally, electrochemical properties of these quinones were determined to correlate with a potential mechanism of action. All these results, indicate that the phenoxy quinone fragment led to compounds with increased activity against pancreatic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricio Sánchez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 6094411, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristian O Salas
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 6094411, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sebastián Gallardo-Fuentes
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, P.O. Box 653, 7750000, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alondra Villegas
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 6094411, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicolás Veloso
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 6094411, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jessica Honores
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 6094411, Santiago, Chile
| | - Martyn Inman
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Mauricio Isaacs
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 6094411, Santiago, Chile
| | - Renato Contreras
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, P.O. Box 653, 7750000, Santiago, Chile
| | - Christopher J Moody
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Jonathan Cisterna
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, 02800, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Iván Brito
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Antofagasta, 02800, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Ricardo A Tapia
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 6094411, Santiago, Chile
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4
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Yao A, Storr SJ, Inman M, Barwell L, Moody CJ, Martin SG. Cytotoxic and Radiosensitising Effects of a Novel Thioredoxin Reductase Inhibitor in Brain Cancers. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:3546-3563. [PMID: 35344158 PMCID: PMC9148287 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02808-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The thioredoxin (Trx) system, a key antioxidant pathway, represents an attractive target for cancer therapy. This study investigated the chemotherapeutic and radiosensitising effects of a novel Trx reductase (TrxR) inhibitor, IQ10, on brain cancer cells and the underlying mechanisms of action. Five brain cancer cell lines and a normal cell type were used. TrxR activity and expression were assessed by insulin reduction assay and Western blotting, respectively. IQ10 cytotoxicity was evaluated using growth curve, resazurin reduction and clonogenic assays. Radiosensitivity was examined using clonogenic assay. Reactive oxygen species levels were examined by flow cytometry and DNA damage assessed by immunofluorescence. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related gene expression was examined by RT-PCR array. IQ10 significantly inhibited TrxR activity but did not affect Trx system protein expression in brain cancer cells. The drug exhibited potent anti-proliferative and cytotoxic effects against brain cancer cells under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions in both 2D and 3D systems, with IC50s in the low micromolar range. It was up to ~ 1000-fold more potent than temozolomide. IQ10 substantially sensitised various brain cancer cells to radiation, with such effect being due, in part, to functional inhibition of TrxR, making cells less able to deal with oxidative stress and leading to increased oxidative DNA damage. IQ10 significantly downregulated EMT-associated gene expression suggesting potential anti-invasive and antimetastatic properties. This study suggests that IQ10 is a potent anticancer agent and could be used as either a single agent or combined with radiation, to treat brain cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Yao
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Sarah J Storr
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Martyn Inman
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Lucy Barwell
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Christopher J Moody
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Stewart G Martin
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
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5
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Ruffell K, Smith FR, Green MT, Nicolle SM, Inman M, Lewis W, Hayes CJ, Moody CJ. Diazophosphonates: Effective Surrogates for Diazoalkanes in Pyrazole Synthesis. Chemistry 2021; 27:13703-13708. [PMID: 34425034 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Diazophosphonates, readily prepared from α-ketophosphonates by oxidation of the corresponding hydrazones in batch or in flow, are useful partners in 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions to alkynes to give N-H pyrazoles, including the first intramolecular examples of such a process. The phosphoryl group imbues a number of desirable properties into the diazo 1,3-dipole. The electron-withdrawing nature of the phosphoryl stabilizes the diazo compound making it easier to handle, whilst the ability of the phosphoryl group to migrate readily in a [1,5]-sigmatropic rearrangement enables its transfer from C to N to aromatize the initial cycloadduct, and hence its facile removal from the final pyrazole product. Overall, the diazophosphonate acts as a surrogate for the much less stable diazoalkane in cycloadditions, with the phosphoryl group playing a vital, but traceless, role. The cycloaddition proceeds more readily with alkynes bearing electron-withdrawing groups, and is regiospecific with asymmetrical alkynes. The potential of diazophosphonates for use in bioorthogonal cycloadditions is demonstrated by their facile addition to strained alkynes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Ruffell
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Frances R Smith
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Michael T Green
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Simon M Nicolle
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Martyn Inman
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - William Lewis
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Christopher J Hayes
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Christopher J Moody
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K
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6
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Abdullah NA, Inman M, Moody CJ, Storr SJ, Martin SG. Cytotoxic and radiosensitising effects of a novel thioredoxin reductase inhibitor in breast cancer. Invest New Drugs 2021; 39:1232-1241. [PMID: 33768386 PMCID: PMC8426295 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-021-01106-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is an effective treatment modality for breast cancer but, unfortunately, not all patients respond fully with a significant number experiencing local recurrences. Overexpression of thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase has been reported to cause multidrug and radiation resistance - their inhibition may therefore improve therapeutic efficacy. Novel indolequinone compounds have been shown, in pancreatic cancer models, to inhibit thioredoxin reductase activity and exhibit potent anticancer activity. The present study evaluates, using in vitro breast cancer models, the efficacy of a novel indolequinone compound (IQ9) as a single agent and in combination with ionising radiation using a variety of endpoint assays including cell proliferation, clonogenic survival, enzyme activity, and western blotting. Three triple-negative breast cancer (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, and MDA-MB-436) and two luminal (MCF-7 and T47D) breast cancer cell lines were used. Results show that treatment with IQ9 significantly inhibited thioredoxin reductase activity, and inhibited cell growth and colony formation of breast cancer cells with IC50 values in the low micromolar ranges. Enhanced radiosensitivity of triple-negative breast cancer cells was observed, with sensitiser enhancement ratios of 1.20–1.43, but with no evident radiosensitisation of luminal breast cancer cell lines. IQ9 upregulated protein expression of thioredoxin reductase in luminal but not in triple-negative breast cancer cells which may explain the observed differential radiosensitisation. This study provides important evidence of the roles of the thioredoxin system as an exploitable radiobiological target in breast cancer cells and highlights the potential therapeutic value of indolequinones as radiosensitisers. ***This study was not part of a clinical trial. Clinical trial registration number: N/A
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul A Abdullah
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
- Present address: Biomedical Science Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Martyn Inman
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Christopher J Moody
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Sarah J Storr
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Stewart G Martin
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
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7
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8
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Robinson H, Oatley SA, Rowedder JE, Slade P, Macdonald SJF, Argent SP, Hirst JD, McInally T, Moody CJ. Late-Stage Functionalization by Chan-Lam Amination: Rapid Access to Potent and Selective Integrin Inhibitors. Chemistry 2020; 26:7678-7684. [PMID: 32129907 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A late-stage functionalization of the aromatic ring in amino acid derivatives is described. The key step is a copper-catalysed diversification of a boronate ester by amination (Chan-Lam reaction) that can be carried out on a complex β-aryl-β-amino acid scaffold. This not only considerably extends the substrate scope of amination partners, but also delivers an array of potent and selective integrin inhibitors as potential treatment agents of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). This versatile chemical strategy, which is amenable to high-throughput-array protocols, allows the installation of pharmaceutically valuable heteroaromatic fragments at a late stage by direct coupling to NH heterocycles, leading to compounds with drug-like attributes. It thus constitutes a useful addition to the medicinal chemist's repertoire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Robinson
- School of Chemistry, GSK Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Jubilee Campus, Triumph Road, Nottingham, NG7 2TU, UK
| | - Steven A Oatley
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - James E Rowedder
- Medicinal Science & Technology, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Pawel Slade
- Medicinal Science & Technology, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Simon J F Macdonald
- Medicinal Science & Technology, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Stephen P Argent
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Jonathan D Hirst
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Thomas McInally
- School of Chemistry, GSK Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Jubilee Campus, Triumph Road, Nottingham, NG7 2TU, UK
| | - Christopher J Moody
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
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9
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Summers HS, Foreiter MB, Lewis W, Moody CJ, Bradshaw TD, Stevens MFG. Modulation of the acidity of the 8-carboxamide group in the temozolomide family of antitumor imidazo[5,1-d][1,2,3,5]tetrazines. ARKIVOC 2020. [DOI: 10.24820/ark.5550190.p011.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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10
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Bouzinab K, Summers HS, Stevens MFG, Moody CJ, Thomas NR, Gershkovich P, Weston N, Ashford MB, Bradshaw TD, Turyanska L. Delivery of Temozolomide and N3-Propargyl Analog to Brain Tumors Using an Apoferritin Nanocage. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:12609-12617. [PMID: 32073826 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c01514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a grade IV astrocytoma, which is the most aggressive form of brain tumor. The standard of care for this disease includes surgery, radiotherapy and temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy. Poor accumulation of TMZ at the tumor site, tumor resistance to drug, and dose-limiting bone marrow toxicity eventually reduce the success of this treatment. Herein, we have encapsulated >500 drug molecules of TMZ into the biocompatible protein nanocage, apoferritin (AFt), using a "nanoreactor" method (AFt-TMZ). AFt is internalized by transferrin receptor 1-mediated endocytosis and is therefore able to facilitate cancer cell uptake and enhance drug efficacy. Following encapsulation, the protein cage retained its morphological integrity and surface charge; hence, its cellular recognition and uptake are not affected by the presence of this cargo. Additional benefits of AFt include maintenance of TMZ stability at pH 5.5 and drug release under acidic pH conditions, encountered in lysosomal compartments. MTT assays revealed that the encapsulated agents displayed significantly increased antitumor activity in U373V (vector control) and, remarkably, the isogenic U373M (MGMT expressing TMZ-resistant) GBM cell lines, with GI50 values <1.5 μM for AFt-TMZ, compared to 35 and 376 μM for unencapsulated TMZ against U373V and U373M, respectively. The enhanced potency of AFt-TMZ was further substantiated by clonogenic assays. Potentiated G2/M cell cycle arrest following exposure of cells to AFt-TMZ indicated an enhanced DNA damage burden. Indeed, increased O6-methylguanine (O6-MeG) adducts in cells exposed to AFt-TMZ and subsequent generation of γH2AX foci support the hypothesis that AFt significantly enhances the delivery of TMZ to cancer cells in vitro, overwhelming the direct O6-MeG repair conferred by MGMT. We have additionally encapsulated >500 molecules of the N3-propargyl imidazotetrazine analog (N3P), developed to combat TMZ resistance, and demonstrated significantly enhanced activity of AFt-N3P against GBM and colorectal carcinoma cell lines. These studies support the use of AFt as a promising nanodelivery system for targeted delivery, lysosomal drug release, and enhanced imidazotetrazine potency for treatment of GBM and wider-spectrum malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaouthar Bouzinab
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Helen S Summers
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Malcolm F G Stevens
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | | | - Neil R Thomas
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Pavel Gershkovich
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Nicola Weston
- Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Marianne B Ashford
- Advanced Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R & D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Tracey D Bradshaw
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Lyudmila Turyanska
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
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11
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Bouzinab K, Summers H, Zhang J, Stevens MFG, Moody CJ, Turyanska L, Thomas NR, Gershkovich P, Ashford MB, Vitterso E, Storer LCD, Grundy R, Bradshaw TD. In search of effective therapies to overcome resistance to Temozolomide in brain tumours. CDR 2019; 2:1018-1031. [PMID: 35582280 PMCID: PMC9019207 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2019.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme is the most common and lethal brain tumour-type. The current standard of care includes Temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy. However, inherent and acquired resistance to TMZ thwart successful treatment. The direct repair protein methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) removes the cytotoxic O6-methylguanine (O6-MeG) lesion delivered by TMZ and so its expression by tumours confers TMZ-resistance. DNA mismatch repair (MMR) is essential to process O6-MeG adducts and MMR-deficiency leads to tolerance of lesions, resistance to TMZ and further DNA mutations. In this article, two strategies to overcome TMZ resistance are discussed: (1) synthesis of imidazotetrazine analogues - designed to retain activity in the presence of MGMT or loss of MMR; (2) preparation of imidazotetrazine-nanoparticles to deliver TMZ preferably to the brain and tumour site. Our promising results encourage belief in a future where better prognoses exist for patients diagnosed with this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaouthar Bouzinab
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Helen Summers
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Jihong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | | | | | - Lyudmila Turyanska
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Neil R. Thomas
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Pavel Gershkovich
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Marianne B. Ashford
- Advanced Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 4TF, UK
| | - Emily Vitterso
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Lisa C. D. Storer
- School of Medicine, Queen’s Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Richard Grundy
- School of Medicine, Queen’s Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Tracey D. Bradshaw
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
- Correspondence Address: Dr. Tracey D. Bradshaw, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK. E-mail:
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12
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Boehm J, Davis R, Murar CE, Li T, McCleland B, Dong S, Yan H, Kerns J, Moody CJ, Wilson AJ, Graves AP, Mentzer M, Qi H, Yonchuk J, Kou JP, Foley J, Sanchez Y, Podolin PL, Bolognese B, Booth-Genthe C, Galop M, Wolfe L, Carr R, Callahan JF. Discovery of a crystalline sulforaphane analog with good solid-state stability and engagement of the Nrf2 pathway in vitro and in vivo. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 27:579-588. [PMID: 30626555 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The antioxidant natural product sulforaphane (SFN) is an oil with poor aqueous and thermal stability. Recent work with SFN has sought to optimize methods of formulation for oral and topical administration. Herein we report the design of new analogs of SFN with the goal of improving stability and drug-like properties. Lead compounds were selected based on potency in a cellular screen and physicochemical properties. Among these, 12 had good aqueous solubility, permeability and long-term solid-state stability at 23 °C. Compound 12 also displayed comparable or better efficacy in cellular assays relative to SFN and had in vivo activity in a mouse cigarette smoke challenge model of acute oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Boehm
- Respiratory Stress and Repair DPU, GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Providence, PA 19426, USA.
| | - Roderick Davis
- Respiratory Stress and Repair DPU, GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Providence, PA 19426, USA
| | - Claudia E Murar
- Respiratory Stress and Repair DPU, GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Providence, PA 19426, USA
| | - Tindy Li
- Respiratory Stress and Repair DPU, GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Providence, PA 19426, USA
| | - Brent McCleland
- Respiratory Stress and Repair DPU, GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Providence, PA 19426, USA
| | - Shuping Dong
- Respiratory Stress and Repair DPU, GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Providence, PA 19426, USA
| | - Hongxing Yan
- Respiratory Stress and Repair DPU, GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Providence, PA 19426, USA
| | - Jeffrey Kerns
- Respiratory Stress and Repair DPU, GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Providence, PA 19426, USA
| | | | - Anthony J Wilson
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Alan P Graves
- Platform Technology and Science, GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Providence, PA 19426, USA
| | - Mary Mentzer
- Platform Technology and Science, GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Providence, PA 19426, USA
| | - Hongwei Qi
- Platform Technology and Science, GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Providence, PA 19426, USA
| | - John Yonchuk
- Respiratory Stress and Repair DPU, GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Providence, PA 19426, USA
| | - Jen-Pyng Kou
- Respiratory Stress and Repair DPU, GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Providence, PA 19426, USA
| | - Joseph Foley
- Respiratory Stress and Repair DPU, GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Providence, PA 19426, USA
| | - Yolanda Sanchez
- Respiratory Stress and Repair DPU, GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Providence, PA 19426, USA
| | - Patricia L Podolin
- Respiratory Stress and Repair DPU, GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Providence, PA 19426, USA
| | - Brian Bolognese
- Respiratory Stress and Repair DPU, GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Providence, PA 19426, USA
| | | | - Marc Galop
- Platform Technology and Science, GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Providence, PA 19426, USA
| | - Lawrence Wolfe
- Platform Technology and Science, GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Providence, PA 19426, USA
| | - Robin Carr
- Respiratory Stress and Repair DPU, GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Providence, PA 19426, USA
| | - James F Callahan
- Respiratory Stress and Repair DPU, GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Providence, PA 19426, USA
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13
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Wales SM, Adcock HV, Lewis W, Hamza D, Moody CJ. Nitrogen-Bridged, Natural Product Like Octahydrobenzofurans and Octahydroindoles: Scope and Mechanism of Bridge-Forming Reductive Amination via Caged Heteroadamantanes. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven. M. Wales
- School of Chemistry, University Park; University of Nottingham; 2RD Nottingham, NG7 United Kingdom
| | - Holly V. Adcock
- Biocity; Sygnature Discovery Ltd; Pennyfoot Street Nottingham, NG1 1GF United Kingdom
| | - William Lewis
- School of Chemistry, University Park; University of Nottingham; 2RD Nottingham, NG7 United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Hamza
- Biocity; Sygnature Discovery Ltd; Pennyfoot Street Nottingham, NG1 1GF United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J. Moody
- School of Chemistry, University Park; University of Nottingham; 2RD Nottingham, NG7 United Kingdom
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14
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Przeslak AD, Inman M, Lewis W, Moody CJ. Origin of the Thiopyrone CTP-431 "Unexpectedly" Isolated from the Marine Sponge Cacospongia mycofijiensis. J Org Chem 2018; 83:10595-10601. [PMID: 30044092 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An intriguing hypothesis that latrunculin A, a well-known natural product, might have undergone transformation into the unprecedented thiopyrone CTP-431 upon long-term storage in methanol is advanced. Thus, opening of the hemiacetal of latrunculin A, followed by E1CB elimination, and dehydration would give a polyene that could undergo intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction, followed by methanolysis of the thiazolidinone ring and ring closure by intramolecular thiol addition to an enone. Experimental evidence that the novel thiazolidinone to thiopyrone rearrangement can occur is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam D Przeslak
- School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD , United Kingdom
| | - Martyn Inman
- School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD , United Kingdom
| | - William Lewis
- School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD , United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J Moody
- School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD , United Kingdom
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15
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Santos MS, Nortcliffe A, Lewis W, Bradshaw TD, Moody CJ. Frontispiece: Synthesis of Highly Substituted 1,2-Diazetidin-3-ones, Small-Ring Scaffolds for Drug Discovery. Chemistry 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201883365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marilia S. Santos
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham; University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Nortcliffe
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham; University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD United Kingdom
| | - William Lewis
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham; University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD United Kingdom
| | - Tracey D. Bradshaw
- School of Pharmacy, Centre for Biomolecular Science; University of Nottingham; University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J. Moody
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham; University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD United Kingdom
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16
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Wales SM, Merisor EG, Adcock HV, Pearce CA, Strutt IR, Lewis W, Hamza D, Moody CJ. Diastereoselective Synthesis of Highly Substituted, Amino- and Pyrrolidino-Tetrahydrofurans as Lead-Like Molecular Scaffolds. Chemistry 2018; 24:8233-8239. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven M. Wales
- School of Chemistry; University Park; University of Nottingham; Nottingham NG7 2RD United Kingdom
| | - Elena G. Merisor
- Sygnature Discovery Ltd, Biocity; Pennyfoot Street Nottingham NG1 1GF United Kingdom
| | - Holly V. Adcock
- Sygnature Discovery Ltd, Biocity; Pennyfoot Street Nottingham NG1 1GF United Kingdom
| | - Christopher A. Pearce
- Sygnature Discovery Ltd, Biocity; Pennyfoot Street Nottingham NG1 1GF United Kingdom
| | - Ian R. Strutt
- Sygnature Discovery Ltd, Biocity; Pennyfoot Street Nottingham NG1 1GF United Kingdom
| | - William Lewis
- School of Chemistry; University Park; University of Nottingham; Nottingham NG7 2RD United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Hamza
- Sygnature Discovery Ltd, Biocity; Pennyfoot Street Nottingham NG1 1GF United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J. Moody
- School of Chemistry; University Park; University of Nottingham; Nottingham NG7 2RD United Kingdom
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17
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Santos MS, Nortcliffe A, Lewis W, Bradshaw TD, Moody CJ. Synthesis of Highly Substituted 1,2-Diazetidin-3-ones, Small-Ring Scaffolds for Drug Discovery. Chemistry 2018; 24:8325-8330. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marilia S. Santos
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham; University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Nortcliffe
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham; University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD United Kingdom
| | - William Lewis
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham; University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD United Kingdom
| | - Tracey D. Bradshaw
- School of Pharmacy, Centre for Biomolecular Science; University of Nottingham; University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J. Moody
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham; University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD United Kingdom
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18
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Geary GC, Nortcliffe A, Pearce CA, Hamza D, Jones G, Moody CJ. Densely functionalised spirocyclic oxetane-piperidine scaffolds for drug discovery. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:791-797. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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19
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Cousin D, Hummersone MG, Bradshaw TD, Zhang J, Moody CJ, Foreiter MB, Summers HS, Lewis W, Wheelhouse RT, Stevens MFG. Synthesis and growth-inhibitory activities of imidazo[5,1- d]-1,2,3,5-tetrazine-8-carboxamides related to the anti-tumour drug temozolomide, with appended silicon, benzyl and heteromethyl groups at the 3-position. Medchemcomm 2018; 9:545-553. [PMID: 30108945 DOI: 10.1039/c7md00554g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A series of 3-(benzyl-substituted)-imidazo[5,1-d]-1,2,3,5-tetrazines (13) and related derivatives with 3-heteromethyl groups has been synthesised and screened for growth-inhibitory activity in vitro against two pairs of glioma cell lines with temozolomide-sensitive and -resistant phenotypes dependent on the absence/presence of the DNA repair protein O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT). In general the compounds had low inhibitory activity with GI50 values >50 μM against both sets of cell lines. Two silicon-containing derivatives, the TMS-methylimidazotetrazine (9) and the SEM-analogue (10), showed interesting differences: compound (9) had a profile very similar to that of temozolomide with the MGMT+ cell lines being 5 to 10-fold more resistant than MGMT- isogenic partners; the SEM-substituted compound (10) showed potency across all cell lines irrespective of their MGMT status.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Cousin
- Pharminox Ltd , Biocity , Pennyfoot St. , Nottingham NG1 1GF , UK
| | | | | | - Jihong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy , University of Nottingham , NG7 2RD , UK . ;
| | | | | | - Helen S Summers
- School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , NG7 2RD , UK .
| | - William Lewis
- School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , NG7 2RD , UK .
| | - Richard T Wheelhouse
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics , School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences , University of Bradford , Bradford , BD7 1DP , UK
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20
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Nicolle SM, Nortcliffe A, Bartrum HE, Lewis W, Hayes CJ, Moody CJ. C−H Insertion as a Key Step to Spiro-Oxetanes, Scaffolds for Drug Discovery. Chemistry 2017; 23:13623-13627. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon M. Nicolle
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham; University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Nortcliffe
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham; University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD United Kingdom
| | - Hannah E. Bartrum
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham; University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD United Kingdom
| | - William Lewis
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham; University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J. Hayes
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham; University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J. Moody
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham; University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD United Kingdom
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21
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Abstract
The cyclic dodecapeptides wewakazole and wewakazole B have been synthesized by a divergent strategy via a common tris-proline containing oxazole octapeptide and two separate bis-oxazole containing tetrapeptide units, followed by peptide coupling and macrocyclization. The three oxazole amino acid fragments are readily accessible by rhodium(II)-catalyzed amide N-H insertion of diazocarbonyl compounds, or by the cycloaddition of rhodium carbenoids with nitriles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyn Inman
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham NG2 7RD, U.K
| | - Hannah L Dexter
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham NG2 7RD, U.K
| | - Christopher J Moody
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham NG2 7RD, U.K
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22
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Nortcliffe A, Milne GD, Hamza D, Moody CJ. Synthesis of 4-aminotetrahydropyran scaffolds for drug discovery. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:2218-2225. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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23
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Dexter HL, Williams HEL, Lewis W, Moody CJ. Total Synthesis of the Post-translationally Modified Polyazole Peptide Antibiotic Goadsporin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201612103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - William Lewis
- School of Chemistry; University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
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24
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Dexter HL, Williams HEL, Lewis W, Moody CJ. Total Synthesis of the Post-translationally Modified Polyazole Peptide Antibiotic Goadsporin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:3069-3073. [PMID: 28145618 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201612103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The structurally unique polyazole antibiotic goadsporin contains six heteroaromatic oxazole and thiazole rings integrated into a linear array of amino acids that also contains two dehydroalanine residues. An efficient total synthesis of goadsporin is reported in which the key steps are the use of rhodium(II)-catalyzed reactions of diazocarbonyl compounds to generate the four oxazole rings, which demonstrates the power of rhodium carbene chemistry in organic chemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah L Dexter
- School of Chemistry, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | | | - William Lewis
- School of Chemistry, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
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25
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Saleh MM, Laughton CA, Bradshaw TD, Moody CJ. Correction: Development of a series of bis-triazoles as G-quadruplex ligands. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra90099f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Correction for ‘Development of a series of bis-triazoles as G-quadruplex ligands’ by Maysaa M. Saleh et al., RSC Adv., 2017, 7, 47297–47308.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maysaa M. Saleh
- School of Pharmacy
- Centre of Bimolecular Science
- University of Nottingham
- Nottingham NG7 2RD
- UK
| | - Charles A. Laughton
- School of Pharmacy
- Centre of Bimolecular Science
- University of Nottingham
- Nottingham NG7 2RD
- UK
| | - Tracey D. Bradshaw
- School of Pharmacy
- Centre of Bimolecular Science
- University of Nottingham
- Nottingham NG7 2RD
- UK
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26
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Abstract
Maintenance of telomeres – specialized complexes that protect the ends of chromosomes – is provided by the enzyme complex telomerase, which is a key factor that is activated in more than 80% of cancer cells, but absent in most normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maysaa M. Saleh
- School of Pharmacy
- Centre of Bimolecular Science
- University of Nottingham
- University Park
- Nottingham NG7 2RD
| | - Charles A. Laughton
- School of Pharmacy
- Centre of Bimolecular Science
- University of Nottingham
- University Park
- Nottingham NG7 2RD
| | - Tracey D. Bradshaw
- School of Pharmacy
- Centre of Bimolecular Science
- University of Nottingham
- University Park
- Nottingham NG7 2RD
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27
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Murray AT, Packard E, Nortcliffe A, Lewis W, Hamza D, Jones G, Moody CJ. Synthesis of Epibatidine Analogues by Pyrrole Diels-Alder Reactions: Rapid Access to Azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane and 3,8-Diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octane Scaffolds for Library Synthesis. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201601177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander T. Murray
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham; University Park NG7 2RD Nottingham UK
| | - Emma Packard
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham; University Park NG7 2RD Nottingham UK
| | - Andrew Nortcliffe
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham; University Park NG7 2RD Nottingham UK
| | - William Lewis
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham; University Park NG7 2RD Nottingham UK
| | - Daniel Hamza
- Sygnature Discovery, BioCity; Pennyfoot Street NG1 1GF Nottingham UK
| | - Geraint Jones
- Sygnature Discovery, BioCity; Pennyfoot Street NG1 1GF Nottingham UK
| | - Christopher J. Moody
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham; University Park NG7 2RD Nottingham UK
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28
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Inman M, Carvalho C, Lewis W, Moody CJ. Synthesis of the Reported Pyranonaphthoquinone Structure of the Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase Inhibitor Annulin B by Regioselective Diels-Alder Reaction. J Org Chem 2016; 81:7924-30. [PMID: 27513176 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Annulin B, isolated from the marine hydroid isolated from Garveia annulata, is a potent inhibitor of the tryptophan catabolizing enzyme indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). A synthesis of the reported pyranonaphthoquinone structure is described, in which the key step is a regioselective Diels-Alder reaction between a pyranobenzoquinone dienophile and a silyl ketene acetal diene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyn Inman
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Catarina Carvalho
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - William Lewis
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Christopher J Moody
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
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29
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David N, Pasceri R, Kitson RRA, Pradal A, Moody CJ. Back Cover: Formal Total Synthesis of Diazonamide A by Indole Oxidative Rearrangement (Chem. Eur. J. 31/2016). Chemistry 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nadège David
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham, University Park; Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Raffaele Pasceri
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham, University Park; Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Russell R. A. Kitson
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham, University Park; Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Alexandre Pradal
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham, University Park; Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Christopher J. Moody
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham, University Park; Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
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30
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David N, Pasceri R, Kitson RRA, Pradal A, Moody CJ. Formal Total Synthesis of Diazonamide A by Indole Oxidative Rearrangement. Chemistry 2016; 22:10867-76. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nadège David
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham, University Park; Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Raffaele Pasceri
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham, University Park; Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Russell R. A. Kitson
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham, University Park; Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Alexandre Pradal
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham, University Park; Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Christopher J. Moody
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham, University Park; Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
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31
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Nicolle SM, Lewis W, Hayes CJ, Moody CJ. Stereoselective Synthesis of Functionalized Pyrrolidines by the Diverted N−H Insertion Reaction of Metallocarbenes with β-Aminoketone Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201511433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon M. Nicolle
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham; University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - William Lewis
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham; University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Christopher J. Hayes
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham; University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Christopher J. Moody
- School of Chemistry; University of Nottingham; University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
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32
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Nicolle SM, Lewis W, Hayes CJ, Moody CJ. Stereoselective Synthesis of Functionalized Pyrrolidines by the Diverted N-H Insertion Reaction of Metallocarbenes with β-Aminoketone Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:3749-53. [PMID: 26847664 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201511433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A highly stereoselective route to functionalized pyrrolidines by the metal-catalyzed diverted N-H insertion of a range of diazocarbonyl compounds with β-aminoketone derivatives is described. A number of catalysts (rhodium(II) carboxylate dimers, copper(I) triflate, and an iron(III) porphyrin) are shown to promote the process under mild conditions to give a wide range of highly substituted proline derivatives. The reaction starts as a metallocarbene N-H insertion but is diverted by an intermolecular aldol reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon M Nicolle
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - William Lewis
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Christopher J Hayes
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Christopher J Moody
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
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33
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Patel A, Sharp SY, Hall K, Lewis W, Stevens MFG, Workman P, Moody CJ. Fused imidazoles as potential chemical scaffolds for inhibition of heat shock protein 70 and induction of apoptosis. Synthesis and biological evaluation of phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazoles and imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthrolines. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:3889-905. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00471g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fused imidazoles inhibit growth of human cancer cell lines, and the Hsp70 pathway in cells, and induce apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alpa Patel
- School of Chemistry
- University of Nottingham
- Nottingham
- UK
| | - Swee Y. Sharp
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics
- The Institute of Cancer Research
- London
- UK
| | - Katelan Hall
- School of Chemistry
- University of Nottingham
- Nottingham
- UK
| | - William Lewis
- School of Chemistry
- University of Nottingham
- Nottingham
- UK
| | | | - Paul Workman
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics
- The Institute of Cancer Research
- London
- UK
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34
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Wada H, Williams HEL, Moody CJ. Total Synthesis of the Posttranslationally Modified Polyazole Peptide Antibiotic Plantazolicin A. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201507062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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35
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Wada H, Williams HEL, Moody CJ. Total Synthesis of the Posttranslationally Modified Polyazole Peptide Antibiotic Plantazolicin A. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:15147-51. [PMID: 26473502 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201507062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The power of rhodium-carbene methodology in chemistry is demonstrated by the synthesis of a structurally complex polyazole antibiotic. Plantazolicin A, a novel soil-bacterium metabolite, comprises a linear array of 10 five-membered rings in two pentacyclic regions that derive from ribosomal peptide synthesis followed by extensive posttranslational modification. The compound possesses potent antimicrobial activity, and is selectively active against the anthrax-causing organism. A conceptually different synthesis of plantazolicin A is reported in which the key steps are the use of rhodium(II)-catalyzed reactions of diazocarbonyl compounds to generate up to six of the seven oxazole rings of the antibiotic. NMR spectroscopic studies and molecular modeling reveal a likely dynamic hairpin conformation with a hinge region around the two isoleucine residues. The compound has modest activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Wada
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD (UK)
| | - Huw E L Williams
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD (UK)
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Xiong R, Zhou W, Siegel D, Kitson RRA, Freed CR, Moody CJ, Ross D. A Novel Hsp90 Inhibitor Activates Compensatory Heat Shock Protein Responses and Autophagy and Alleviates Mutant A53T α-Synuclein Toxicity. Mol Pharmacol 2015; 88:1045-54. [PMID: 26405178 DOI: 10.1124/mol.115.101451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A potential cause of neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD), is protein misfolding and aggregation that in turn leads to neurotoxicity. Targeting Hsp90 is an attractive strategy to halt neurodegenerative diseases, and benzoquinone ansamycin (BQA) Hsp90 inhibitors such as geldanamycin (GA) and 17-(allylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin have been shown to be beneficial in mutant A53T α-synuclein PD models. However, current BQA inhibitors result in off-target toxicities via redox cycling and/or arylation of nucleophiles at the C19 position. We developed novel 19-substituted BQA (19BQA) as a means to prevent arylation. In this study, our data demonstrated that 19-phenyl-GA, a lead 19BQA in the GA series, was redox stable and exhibited little toxicity relative to its parent quinone GA in human dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells as examined by oxygen consumption, trypan blue, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), and apoptosis assays. Meanwhile, 19-phenyl-GA retained the ability to induce autophagy and potentially protective heat shock proteins (HSPs) such as Hsp70 and Hsp27. We found that transduction of A53T, but not wild type (WT) α-synuclein, induced toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. 19-Phenyl-GA decreased oligomer formation and toxicity of A53T α-synuclein in transduced cells. Mechanistic studies indicated that mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/p70 ribosomal S6 kinase signaling was activated by A53T but not WT α-synuclein, and 19-phenyl-GA decreased mTOR activation that may be associated with A53T α-synuclein toxicity. In summary, our results indicate that 19BQAs such as 19-phenyl-GA may provide a means to modulate protein-handling systems including HSPs and autophagy, thereby reducing the aggregation and toxicity of proteins such as mutant A53T α-synuclein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xiong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (R.X., D.S., D.R.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology (W.Z., C.R.F.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; and School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom (R.R.A.K., C.J.M.)
| | - Wenbo Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (R.X., D.S., D.R.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology (W.Z., C.R.F.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; and School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom (R.R.A.K., C.J.M.)
| | - David Siegel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (R.X., D.S., D.R.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology (W.Z., C.R.F.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; and School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom (R.R.A.K., C.J.M.)
| | - Russell R A Kitson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (R.X., D.S., D.R.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology (W.Z., C.R.F.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; and School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom (R.R.A.K., C.J.M.)
| | - Curt R Freed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (R.X., D.S., D.R.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology (W.Z., C.R.F.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; and School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom (R.R.A.K., C.J.M.)
| | - Christopher J Moody
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (R.X., D.S., D.R.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology (W.Z., C.R.F.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; and School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom (R.R.A.K., C.J.M.)
| | - David Ross
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (R.X., D.S., D.R.), and Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology (W.Z., C.R.F.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; and School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom (R.R.A.K., C.J.M.)
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Patel A, Lewis W, Searle MS, Stevens MF, Moody CJ. Synthesis of 6-arylisocytosines and their potential for hydrogen bonding interactions. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.04.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Chang CH, Ross D, Siegel D, Moody CJ, Kitson R. Abstract 1732: Effect of 19-substituted benzoquinone ansamycin Hsp90 inhibitors on Hsp90/Cdc37/co-chaperone complexes and casein kinase 2 (CK2) activity. Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-1732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Benzoquinone ansamycin (BQA) Hsp90 inhibitors such as 17-DMAG and 17-AAG have off target toxicities including hepatotoxicity. Mechanisms underlying the toxicity of BQAs are a function of their ability to redox cycle and/or arylate cellular nucleophiles at the unsubstituted 19-position of the molecule. Therefore, we designed 19-substituted BQAs (19BQAs) to prevent conjugation with glutathione and protein thiols as an approach to reduce the hepatotoxicity and minimize off target effects of the BQA class of Hsp90 inhibitors. Our data demonstrated that 19BQAs had reduced toxicity to liver cells relative to their parent quinones while maintaining Hsp90 inhibitory activity, validating the overall approach. 19BQAs depend on tumor cell levels of NQO1 (NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1) for optimal activity. We examined 19-phenyl-17-DMAG as a model compound in human isogenic breast cancer cell lines MDA468 (NQO1 null) and MDA468/NQ16 (NQO1 overexpressing) and in NQO1expressing BT474 breast cancer cells. 19-phenyl-17-DMAG induced growth inhibition, apoptosis and the molecular signature of Hsp90 inhibition including decreases in Hsp90 client protein levels and compensatory induction of Hsp70. In addition, treatment of MD468/NQ16 and BT474 cell lines with 19-phenyl-17-DMAG or 17-DMAG also caused the dissociation of Hsp90 from the co-chaperone Cdc37. In these studies we also observed that treatment with19-phenyl-17-DMAG or 17-DMAG resulted in inhibition of Cdc37 phosphorylation. A major kinase responsible for phosphorylation of Cdc37 is casein kinase 2 (CK2) and inhibitors of CK2 are currently under development as anticancer drugs. CK2 activity assays, immunoprecipitation and western blot analysis demonstrated that both 19-phenyl-17-DMAG and 17-DMAG inhibited CK2 kinase activity and reduced CK2α protein subunit expression in NQO1-expressing MD468/NQ16 and BT474 breast cancer cells. Decreased phosphorylation of Cdc37 led to dissociation of the Hsp90/Cdc37/client complex and resulted in the degradation of multiple kinase clients including Raf-1, Cdk4, Akt and HER2. These data suggest that inhibition of both Hsp90 and CK2 by Hsp90 inhibitors may play a role in their antitumor effects. (Supported by CA51210).
Citation Format: Chuan-Hsin Chang, David Ross, David Siegel, Christopher J Moody, Russell Kitson. Effect of 19-substituted benzoquinone ansamycin Hsp90 inhibitors on Hsp90/Cdc37/co-chaperone complexes and casein kinase 2 (CK2) activity. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 1732. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-1732
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Ross
- 1University of Colorado Denver School of Pharmacy, Aurora, CO
| | - David Siegel
- 1University of Colorado Denver School of Pharmacy, Aurora, CO
| | - Christopher J Moody
- 2School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Russell Kitson
- 3School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Blunt CE, Torcuk C, Liu Y, Lewis W, Siegel D, Ross D, Moody CJ. Synthesis and Intracellular Redox Cycling of Natural Quinones and Their Analogues and Identification of Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) as Potential Target for Anticancer Activity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201503323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Blunt CE, Torcuk C, Liu Y, Lewis W, Siegel D, Ross D, Moody CJ. Synthesis and Intracellular Redox Cycling of Natural Quinones and Their Analogues and Identification of Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) as Potential Target for Anticancer Activity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:8740-5. [PMID: 26096359 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201503323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Natural quinones, often linked with cellular oxidation processes, exhibit pronounced biological activity. In particular, the structurally unique isothiazolonaphthoquinone aulosirazole, isolated from blue-green alga, possesses selective antitumor cytotoxicity, although its mechanism of action is unknown. The first synthesis of aulosirazole uses a route centered upon a late-stage regioselective Diels-Alder reaction. The structurally related natural product pronqodine A, an inhibitor of prostaglandin release, and analogues thereof, were also prepared for comparison. Biological evaluation of the compounds identified one potential target as the immunoregulatory enzyme indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). The isothiazoloquinones are also efficient substrates for the human quinone reductase NQO1, and undergo intracellular NQO1-dependent redox cycling resulting in the generation of reactive oxygen species, and at lower doses have the potential to alter the ratio of intracellular oxidized to reduced pyridine nucleotides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher E Blunt
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD (UK)
| | - Canan Torcuk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12850 East Montview Blvd., Aurora, CO 80045 (USA)
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD (UK)
| | - William Lewis
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD (UK)
| | - David Siegel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12850 East Montview Blvd., Aurora, CO 80045 (USA)
| | - David Ross
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12850 East Montview Blvd., Aurora, CO 80045 (USA)
| | - Christopher J Moody
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD (UK).
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Nicolle SM, Lewis W, Hayes CJ, Moody CJ. Stereoselective Synthesis of Highly Substituted Tetrahydrofurans through Diverted Carbene OH Insertion Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201502484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Nicolle SM, Lewis W, Hayes CJ, Moody CJ. Stereoselective Synthesis of Highly Substituted Tetrahydrofurans through Diverted Carbene OH Insertion Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:8485-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201502484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Inman M, Visconti A, Yan C, Siegel D, Ross D, Moody CJ. Antitumour indolequinones: synthesis and activity against human pancreatic cancer cells. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 12:4848-61. [PMID: 24848343 DOI: 10.1039/c4ob00711e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
An important determinant of the growth inhibitory activity of indolequinones against pancreatic cancer cells is substitution on the 2-position with 2-unsubstituted derivatives being markedly more potent. A series of indolequinones bearing a range of substituents on nitrogen and at the indolylcarbinyl position was prepared by copper(II)-mediated reaction of bromoquinones and enamines, followed by functional group interconversions. The compounds were then assayed for their ability to inhibit the growth of pancreatic cancer cells. The pKa of the leaving group at the 3-position was shown to influence growth inhibitory activity that is consistent with the proposed mechanism of action of reduction, loss of leaving group and formation of a reactive iminium species. Substitutions on the indole nitrogen were well tolerated with little influence on growth inhibitory activity while substitutions at the 5- and 6-positions larger than methoxy led to decreased activity. The studies presented define the range of substitutions of 2-unsubstituted indolequinones required for optimal growth inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyn Inman
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
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Nortcliffe A, Moody CJ. Seven-membered ring scaffolds for drug discovery: Access to functionalised azepanes and oxepanes through diazocarbonyl chemistry. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:2730-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Nicolle SM, Hayes CJ, Moody CJ. Alkyl halide-free heteroatom alkylation and epoxidation facilitated by a recyclable polymer-supported oxidant for the in-flow preparation of diazo compounds. Chemistry 2015; 21:4576-9. [PMID: 25675852 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Highly reactive metal carbenes, generated from simple ketones via diazo compounds, including diazo-amides and -phosphonates, using a recyclable reagent in-flow, are transient but versatile electrophiles for heteroatom alkylation reactions and for epoxide formation. The method produces no organic waste, with the only by-products being water, KI and nitrogen, without the attendant hazards of isolation of intermediate diazo compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon M Nicolle
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD (UK)
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Mulas A, Willener Y, Carr-Smith J, Joly KM, Male L, Moody CJ, Horswell SL, Nguyen HV, Tucker JHR. The effect of central and planar chirality on the electrochemical and chiral sensing properties of ferrocenyl urea H-bonding receptors. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:7268-75. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00554j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Ferrocenyl urea receptors containing planar and central chirality electrochemically sense carboxylate anions via formation of H-bonded complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mulas
- School of Chemistry
- University of Birmingham
- Birmingham
- UK
| | | | | | - Kevin M. Joly
- School of Chemistry
- University of Nottingham
- University Park
- Nottingham
- UK
| | - Louise Male
- School of Chemistry
- University of Birmingham
- Birmingham
- UK
| | | | | | - Huy V. Nguyen
- School of Chemistry
- University of Birmingham
- Birmingham
- UK
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Mitchell LJ, Moody CJ. Solar Photochemical Oxidation of Alcohols using Catalytic Hydroquinone and Copper Nanoparticles under Oxygen: Oxidative Cleavage of Lignin Models. J Org Chem 2014; 79:11091-100. [DOI: 10.1021/jo5020917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lorna J. Mitchell
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Christopher J. Moody
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
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Chang CH, Drechsel DA, Kitson RR, Siegel D, You Q, Backos DS, Ju C, Moody CJ, Ross D. Abstract 1788: 19-Substituted benzoquinone ansamycins. Hsp90 inhibitors with decreased off-target toxicity. Cancer Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2014-1788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Benzoquinone ansamycin (BQA) Hsp90 inhibitors such as 17-DMAG and 17-AAG have off-target toxicities in clinical trials including hepatotoxicity. Mechanisms underlying the toxicity of quinones are a function of their ability to redox cycle and/or arylate cellular nucleophiles at the unsubstituted 19-position of the molecule. Therefore, we designed 19-substituted BQAs to prevent glutathione conjugation and non-specific interactions with protein thiols as an approach to reduce the hepatotoxicity and minimize off-target effects of the BQA class of Hsp90 inhibitors. In this study, the results showed that 19-substituted BQAs did not react with glutathione at the 19-position, while marked reactivity was observed using parent BQAs. Importantly, while parent 17-DMAG induced cell death in primary and cultured mouse hepatocytes, 19-phenyl and 19-methyl 17-DMAG showed reduced toxicity, validating the overall approach. There was no significant difference between the redox cycling ability of either 19-phenyl or 19-methyl 17-DMAG with their parental BQAs in both mouse and human liver microsomes. Accordingly, this suggests that arylation reactions at the unsubstituted 19-position are predominantly responsible for hepatotoxicity. 19-substituted17-DMAG inhibited purified Hsp90 ATPase activity in an NQO1-dependent manner that demonstrated increased inhibitory efficacy of the hydroquinone ansamycin relative to its parent quinone. In human breast cancer cells, 19-phenyl BQAs induced growth inhibition in an NQO1-dependent manner with molecular signatures of Hsp90 inhibition, including decreases in client proteins and compensatory induction of Hsp70. These data indicate that 19-substituted BQAs may be useful Hsp90 inhibitors with decreased off target toxicity (Supported by NCI grant CA51210)
Citation Format: Chuan-Hsin Chang, Derek A. Drechsel, Russell R.A. Kitson, David Siegel, Qiang You, Donald S. Backos, Cynthia Ju, Christopher J. Moody, David Ross. 19-Substituted benzoquinone ansamycins. Hsp90 inhibitors with decreased off-target toxicity. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1788. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1788
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Hsin Chang
- 1University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Skaggs School of Pharmacy, Aurora, CO
| | - Derek A. Drechsel
- 1University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Skaggs School of Pharmacy, Aurora, CO
| | - Russell R.A. Kitson
- 2University of Nottingham School of Chemistry University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - David Siegel
- 1University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Skaggs School of Pharmacy, Aurora, CO
| | - Qiang You
- 1University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Skaggs School of Pharmacy, Aurora, CO
| | - Donald S. Backos
- 1University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Skaggs School of Pharmacy, Aurora, CO
| | - Cynthia Ju
- 1University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Skaggs School of Pharmacy, Aurora, CO
| | - Christopher J. Moody
- 2University of Nottingham School of Chemistry University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - David Ross
- 1University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Skaggs School of Pharmacy, Aurora, CO
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Drechsel DA, Chang CH, Kitson R, Siegel D, Moody CJ, Ross D. Abstract 1791: 19-Substituted benzoquinone ansamycin Hsp90 inhibitors: Effects on Hsp90 co-chaperones and Hsp90-Hsf1 complexes in cellular systems. Cancer Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2014-1791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The 19-substituted benzoquinone ansamycin (BQA) class of Hsp90 inhibitors were developed to decrease the off-target toxicity of their parent unsubstituted BQAs, geldanamcyin, 17-AAG, and 17-DMAG. We have shown that 19-BQAs do not react with thiols and show decreased toxicity to liver cell systems relative to parent BQAs. As a class, Hsp90 inhibitors exhibit anti-cancer activity by decreasing the levels of Hsp90 client proteins critical to cell growth and survival. Some Hsp90 inhibitors also disrupt interaction with Hsp90 co-chaperones, including cdc37, contributing to inhibited growth. Upon inhibition, the transcription factor heat shock factor 1 (Hsf1) dissociates from Hsp90 leading to a compensatory induction of other heat shock proteins, including Hsp70 which is commonly used as a molecular biomarker of cellular Hsp90 inhibition. We undertook a detailed study of the mechanism of action of 19-BQAs in HER2-positive breast cancer cells (BT474) using 19-phenyl- and 19-methyl-DMAG as model compounds. Their ability to disrupt association of Hsp90 with the co-chaperones p23 and cdc37, the kinetics of decreased Hsp90-Hsf1 levels, nuclear Hsf1 accumulation and increases in Hsp70 levels were defined. Both 19-phenyl- and 19-methyl -DMAG disrupted Hsp90-p23 association, confirming binding of the compounds at the N-terminal ATPase site of Hsp90. 19-Phenyl-DMAG and 19-methyl-DMAG also disrupted association of Hsp90 with cdc37, although 19-phenyl-DMAG was more potent. A detailed time course of decreased levels of Hsp90 client proteins and Hsp induction showed that increased Hsp70 was a more sensitive cellular marker as it could be detected at lower drug concentrations. Increases in Hsp70 did not appear to be a generalized stress response, since 19-substituted-BQAs caused dissociation of the Hsp90-Hsf1 dimer, nuclear translocation of Hsf-1, and subsequent increases in Hsp70 levels in a temporal manner. These data indicate that 19-substituted BQAs may exhibit their growth inhibitory effects in breast cancer cells through disruption of Hsp90 and its co-chaperones, particularly cdc37. The N-terminal ATPase site binding and Hsp90 inhibitory activity of these compounds was confirmed through disruption of Hsp90-p23 and Hsp90-Hsf1 associations, respectively (Supported by NCI grant CA51210).
Citation Format: Derek A. Drechsel, Chuan-Hsin Chang, Russell Kitson, David Siegel, Christopher J. Moody, David Ross. 19-Substituted benzoquinone ansamycin Hsp90 inhibitors: Effects on Hsp90 co-chaperones and Hsp90-Hsf1 complexes in cellular systems. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1791. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1791
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - David Siegel
- 1University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | | | - David Ross
- 1University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
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