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Cavaillès C, Letellier N, Berr C, Samieri C, Empana JP, Tzourio C, Dartigues JF, Benmarhnia T, Dauvilliers Y, Jaussent I. The role of cardiovascular health and vascular events in the relationship between excessive daytime sleepiness and dementia risk. J Sleep Res 2024; 33:e14053. [PMID: 37822116 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.14053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Many studies suggest a relationship between excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and dementia incidence, but the underlying mechanisms remain uncertain. The study aimed to investigate the role of cardiovascular burden in the relationship between EDS and dementia incidence over a 12-year follow-up in community-dwelling older adults. We performed analyses on 6171 subjects (aged ≥65 years) free of dementia and vascular disease at baseline. Participants self-reported EDS at baseline and an expert committee validated both prevalent and incident dementia. We defined cardiovascular burden by a low Cardiovascular Health score, constructed using the American Heart Association metrics, and incident vascular events. To explore the potential role of the cardiovascular burden in the relationship between EDS and dementia, we conducted mediation analyses with inverse odds ratio-weighted estimation, using multivariable-adjusted proportional hazard Cox and logistic regression models. Subjects with EDS had a higher risk of all-cause dementia (hazard ratio [HR] 1.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13-1.69) and dementia with vascular component (DVC) (HR 2.14, 95% CI 1.30-3.51), but not Alzheimer's disease (HR 1.18, 95% CI 0.93-1.51). Cardiovascular burden explained 5% (95% CI 4.1-5.2) and 11% (95% CI 9.7-11.3) of the relationship between EDS and all-cause dementia and DVC, respectively. These findings confirm that EDS may be implicated in the development of dementia and indicate a weaker than expected role of cardiovascular burden in the relationship between EDS and DVC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Cavaillès
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier INM, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Noémie Letellier
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science & Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Claudine Berr
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier INM, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Cecilia Samieri
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Empana
- Paris Descartes University, Faculty of Medicine, Paris, France; INSERM, UMR-S970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Epidemiology, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Tzourio
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-François Dartigues
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Bordeaux, France
| | - Tarik Benmarhnia
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science & Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UC San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Yves Dauvilliers
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier INM, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- National Reference Centre for Orphan Diseases, Narcolepsy- Rare hypersomnias, Sleep Unit, Department of Neurology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle Jaussent
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier INM, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
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Cavaillès C, Andrews SJ, Leng Y, Chatterjee A, Daghlas I, Yaffe K. Causal Associations of Sleep Apnea with Alzheimer's Disease and Cardiovascular Disease: a Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Analysis. medRxiv 2023:2023.11.20.23298793. [PMID: 38045267 PMCID: PMC10690337 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.20.23298793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Sleep apnea (SA) has been linked to an increased risk of dementia in numerous observational studies; whether this is driven by neurodegenerative, vascular or other mechanisms is not clear. We sought to examine the bidirectional causal relationships between SA, Alzheimer's disease (AD), coronary artery disease (CAD), and ischemic stroke using Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods Using summary statistics from four recent, large genome-wide association studies of SA (n=523,366), AD (n=64,437), CAD (n=1,165,690), and stroke (n=1,308,460), we conducted bidirectional two-sample MR analyses. Our primary analytic method was fixed-effects inverse variance weighted MR; diagnostics tests and sensitivity analyses were conducted to verify the robustness of the results. Results We identified a significant causal effect of SA on the risk of CAD (odds ratio (OR IVW ) =1.35 per log-odds increase in SA liability, 95% confidence interval (CI) =1.25-1.47) and stroke (OR IVW =1.13, 95% CI =1.01-1.25). These associations were somewhat attenuated after excluding single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with body mass index (BMI) (OR IVW =1.26, 95% CI =1.15-1.39 for CAD risk; OR IVW =1.08, 95% CI =0.96-1.22 for stroke risk). SA was not causally associated with a higher risk of AD (OR IVW =1.14, 95% CI =0.91-1.43). We did not find causal effects of AD, CAD, or stroke on risk of SA. Conclusions These results suggest that SA increased the risk of CAD, and the identified causal association with stroke risk may be confounded by BMI. Moreover, no causal effect of SA on AD risk was found. Future studies are warranted to investigate cardiovascular pathways between sleep disorders, including SA, and dementia.
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Letellier N, Yang JA, Cavaillès C, Casey JA, Carrasco-Escobar G, Zamora S, Jankowska MM, Benmarhnia T. Aircraft and road traffic noise, insulin resistance, and diabetes: The role of neighborhood socioeconomic status in San Diego County. Environ Pollut 2023; 335:122277. [PMID: 37524238 PMCID: PMC10896492 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Evidence linking traffic noise to insulin resistance and diabetes is limited and unanswered questions remain regarding the potential effect modification by neighborhood socioeconomic status (nSES). We aimed to assess socioeconomic inequalities in noise exposure, whether road and aircraft noise exposures were associated with insulin resistance or diabetes, and whether nSES modified these relationships. Among the Community of Mine Study in San Diego County, road and aircraft noise exposure at enrollment was calculated based on the static (participant's administrative boundary, and circular buffer around participant homes), and dynamic (mobility data by global positioning system, GPS) spatio-temporal aggregation methods. Associations of noise with insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) or type 2 diabetes (T2DM) were quantified using generalized estimating equation models adjusted for sex, age, ethnicity, individual income, and air pollution (nitrogen dioxide) exposure. Additive interaction between noise and nSES was assessed. Among 573 participants (mean age 58.7 y), participants living in low nSES were exposed to higher levels of aircraft and road noise using noise level at the census tract, circular buffer, or Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) of GPS data. Participants exposed to road noise greater or equal to the median (53 dB(A)) at the census tract and living in low nSES had an increased level of insulin resistance (β = 0.15, 95%CI: -0.04, 0.34) and higher odds of T2DM (Odds Ratio = 2.34, 95%CI: 1.12, 4.90). A positive additive interaction was found as participants living in low nSES had higher odds of T2DM. The impact of noise exposure on insulin resistance and T2DM differs substantially by nSES. Public health benefits of reducing exposure to road or aircraft noise would be larger in individuals living in low nSES.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiue-An Yang
- Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, 1500 E Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Clémence Cavaillès
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier INM, INSERM Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Joan A Casey
- Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gabriel Carrasco-Escobar
- Health Innovation Laboratory, Institute of Tropical Medicine "Alexander von Humboldt", Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Steven Zamora
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UC San Diego, USA
| | - Marta M Jankowska
- Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, 1500 E Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
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Cavaillès C, Yaffe K, Blackwell T, Buysse D, Stone K, Leng Y. Multidimensional Sleep Health and Long-Term Cognitive Decline in Community-Dwelling Older Men. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 96:65-71. [PMID: 37742655 PMCID: PMC11021854 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Specific sleep characteristics have been associated with cognitive decline, Alzheimer's disease, and related dementias; however, studies examining the association between multidimensional sleep (a more comprehensive integration of sleep parameters) and cognitive decline are lacking. Among 2,811 older men without dementia, those with none, 1-2, and 3-5 "poor" self-reported sleep health dimensions had an adjusted 10-year change score of global cognition (3MS) of 2.9, 4.0 and 3.5 points (p-trend = 0.05), and in executive function (Trails B) completion time of 36.7, 42.7, and 46.7 seconds (p-trend < 0.01), respectively. In conclusion, a multidimensional measure of sleep health was associated with greater cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Cavaillès
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kristine Yaffe
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology and Epidemiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Terri Blackwell
- Department of Research Institute, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Buysse
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
| | - Katie Stone
- Department of Research Institute, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yue Leng
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Cavaillès C, Berr C, Helmer C, Gabelle A, Jaussent I, Dauvilliers Y. Complaints of daytime sleepiness, insomnia, hypnotic use, and risk of dementia: a prospective cohort study in the elderly. Alzheimers Res Ther 2022; 14:12. [PMID: 35057850 PMCID: PMC8780361 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-021-00952-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Sleep disturbances are common in elderly and occur frequently in dementia. The impact of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), insomnia complaints, sleep quality, and hypnotics on the risk of all-cause dementia, Alzheimer disease (AD), and dementia with vascular component (DVC) remains unclear, as does the association between sleep profile and plasma β-amyloid levels.
Methods
Analyses were carried out on 6851 participants aged 65 years and over randomly recruited from three French cities and free of dementia at baseline. A structured interview and self-questionnaire assessed sleep complaints (EDS, insomnia complaints, sleep quality) and medications at baseline. Incident cases of dementia were diagnosed systematically over a 12-year period. Multivariate Cox models were used to estimate the risk of dementia associated with the sleep complaints considered individually and globally. Plasma β-amyloid levels were measured by an xMAP-based assay technology in 984 subjects.
Results
After adjustment for socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle, APOE-ε4, cardiovascular factors, and depressive status, EDS had a higher risk of all-cause dementia (HR = 1.21; 95%CI = [1.01–1.46]) and DVC (HR = 1.58; 95%CI = [1.07–2.32]) but not AD. Persistent use of hypnotics increased the risk for all-cause dementia, specifically AD (HR = 1.28; 95%CI = [1.04–1.58]), but not DVC. No association was found for insomnia complaints and sleep quality taken as individual factors or combined with EDS on the risk of dementia. No association was found between β-amyloid, sleep complaints, and incident dementia.
Conclusions
The results suggest a deleterious role of EDS and hypnotics on dementia. Further studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms involved in these associations and whether its management can prevent the risk of dementia.
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Cavaillès C, Carrière I, Wagner M, Dartigues JF, Berr C, Dauvilliers Y, Jaussent I. Trajectories of sleep duration and timing before dementia: a 14-year follow-up study. Age Ageing 2022; 51:6670565. [PMID: 35977152 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND given the complex relationship between sleep and neurodegenerative processes, it is important to examine whether changes in sleep patterns occur prior or close to dementia onset. OBJECTIVE to examine the relationship between sleep parameters and dementia incidence and, to characterize trajectories of sleep patterns before dementia diagnosis. DESIGN a 14-year longitudinal study including a nested case-control study. SETTING the French Three-City Study. SUBJECTS overall, 1,749 cognitively healthy participants (≥65 years) for the longitudinal study and, 182 incident dementia cases and 719 controls matched by sex, age and educational level for the case-control study. METHODS dementia cases were assessed at each visit and self-reported sleep parameters at baseline, 2, 8, 10, 12 and 14 years. Cox models were used to estimate the risk of dementia associated with baseline sleep parameters (sleep duration, time in bed (TIB), sleep timing, sleepiness and insomnia). Latent-process mixed models were performed to compare sleep trajectories according to the case-control status. RESULTS long baseline nighttime and 24-h sleep durations (≥9 h) as well as being persistent or becoming long sleepers during follow-up were associated with dementia incidence. Trajectories of sleep durations and TIB showed faster increases in cases compared with controls up to 12 years before dementia. The mean differences [95%CI] for 24-h sleep duration between cases and controls were: 0.27 h [0.01;0.52], 0.34 [0.09;0.58] and 0.67 [0.44;0.90] at -12, -8 and -2 years, respectively. Bedtime trajectories showed an earlier bedtime in cases up to -8 years. CONCLUSION long sleep duration and earlier bedtime may impact dementia incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Cavaillès
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier INM, Montpellier University, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle Carrière
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier INM, Montpellier University, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Maude Wagner
- RUSH Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jean-François Dartigues
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR1219, Bordeaux, France
| | - Claudine Berr
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier INM, Montpellier University, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Yves Dauvilliers
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier INM, Montpellier University, INSERM, Montpellier, France.,National Reference Centre for Orphan Diseases, Narcolepsy - Rare hypersomnias, Sleep Unit, Department of Neurology, CHU Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle Jaussent
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier INM, Montpellier University, INSERM, Montpellier, France
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Cavaillès C, Carriere I, Wagner M, Berr C, Dauvilliers Y, Jaussent I. Trajectories of daytime sleepiness and sleep duration before diagnosis of dementia: A 14‐year follow‐up study. Alzheimers Dement 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.053444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maude Wagner
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center Chicago IL USA
| | | | - Yves Dauvilliers
- INM, Univ Montpellier, INSERM Montpellier France
- National Reference Centre for Orphan Diseases, Narcolepsy‐Rare Hypersomnias, CHU Montpellier Montpellier France
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Chenini S, Barateau L, Rassu AL, Lopez R, Guiraud L, Cavaillès C, Jaussent I, Dauvilliers Y. Systematic assessment of autonomic symptoms in restless legs syndrome. Sleep Med 2021; 80:30-38. [PMID: 33548567 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the clinical features of autonomic dysfunction using the SCOPA-AUT questionnaire in untreated patients with restless legs syndrome (RLS) with controls, to identify factors associated with more severe autonomic symptoms, and to assess the effect of medication in patients. METHODS The SCOPA-AUT questionnaire that evaluates cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, urinary, thermoregulatory, pupillomotor, and sexual dysfunctions was completed by 409 consecutive untreated patients with RLS (54.1 ± 14.5 y.o; 265 women) and 331 controls (59.0 ± 17.0; 161 women). Clinical and polysomnographic data were assessed in all patients. A subgroup of 57 patients were evaluated a second time after treatment (mostly dopaminergic agonist) after an interval of 0.88 ± 1.42 year. RESULTS Compared to controls, untreated patients with RLS were younger, more often women, obese, with increased cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The SCOPA-AUT total score was higher in patients than controls in unadjusted and adjusted models. Patients had more autonomic symptoms in all subdomains of the scale (except for sexual dysfunction in men). These results were confirmed in a subgroup of 259 cases and age-sex-matched controls. Female gender, obesity, RLS severity, diabetes mellitus, CVD, sleepiness, insomnia and depressive symptoms but neither periodic legs movements during sleep (PLMS) nor objective sleep parameters were associated with high scores. Despite RLS and PLMS improvement, medication did not change total and subdomain scores. CONCLUSIONS Patients with RLS have frequent and large spectrum of autonomic symptoms, without effect of PLMS, sleep fragmentation and medication. These results suggest a global autonomic dysfunction in RLS that should be assessed more systematically in severe patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofiène Chenini
- Sleep-Wake Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, France; National Reference Network for Narcolepsy, CHU Montpellier, France
| | - Lucie Barateau
- Sleep-Wake Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, France; National Reference Network for Narcolepsy, CHU Montpellier, France; Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier INM, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Anna Laura Rassu
- Sleep-Wake Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, France; National Reference Network for Narcolepsy, CHU Montpellier, France
| | - Regis Lopez
- Sleep-Wake Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, France; National Reference Network for Narcolepsy, CHU Montpellier, France; Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier INM, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Lily Guiraud
- Sleep-Wake Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, France
| | - Clémence Cavaillès
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier INM, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle Jaussent
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier INM, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Yves Dauvilliers
- Sleep-Wake Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, France; National Reference Network for Narcolepsy, CHU Montpellier, France; Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier INM, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France.
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