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Reschke C, Schelling E, Michel A, Remy-Wohlfender F, Meylan M. Factors Associated with Colostrum Quality and Effects on Serum Gamma Globulin Concentrations of Calves in Swiss Dairy Herds. J Vet Intern Med 2017; 31:1563-1571. [PMID: 28833573 PMCID: PMC5598880 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.14806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have shown a high prevalence of failure of passive transfer of immunity (FPT) in Swiss dairy calves. Objectives To investigate risk factors associated with poor colostrum quality and FPT on Swiss dairy farms. Animals Colostrum and serum samples from 373 dam‐calf pairs at 141 farms. Methods The gamma globulin (Gg) concentrations of the dams’ colostrum and the calves’ serum samples were determined by electrophoresis. Potential risk factors were assessed by logistic regression of questionnaire data. Results Prevalence values of 15.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 12.0–19.6%) for low‐quality colostrum (<50 g Gg/L) in cows and 43.5% (95% CI, 38.4–48.8%) for FPT (serum Gg < 10 g/L) in calves were estimated. The main factors associated with low colostrum quality included colostrum leakage before or during parturition and a time lag > 6 hours between parturition and first milking. The results confirm that the occurrence of FPT in calves primarily was influenced by the quality of colostrum, the amount of ingested colostrum, and the time between birth and first feeding. Conclusions and Clinical Importance These results confirm a large potential for improvement in colostrum harvesting and colostrum feeding procedures in the study herds. Control for colostrum leaking intra‐partum, early colostrum milking, and ensuring that the calves ingest a sufficient volume of colostrum within the first hours of life are measures that can be readily implemented by farmers to decrease the incidence of FPT without additional workload.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Reschke
- Tierarzt Heimenschwand AG, Heimenschwand, Switzerland
| | - E Schelling
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - A Michel
- Tierarztpraxis Kiesen AG, Kiesen, Switzerland
| | | | - M Meylan
- Clinic for Ruminants, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Chen K, Roontiva A, Thiyyagura P, Lee W, Liu X, Ayutyanont N, Protas H, Luo JL, Bauer R, Reschke C, Bandy D, Koeppe RA, Fleisher AS, Caselli RJ, Landau S, Jagust WJ, Weiner MW, Reiman EM. Improved power for characterizing longitudinal amyloid-β PET changes and evaluating amyloid-modifying treatments with a cerebral white matter reference region. J Nucl Med 2015; 56:560-6. [PMID: 25745091 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.114.149732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED In this article, we describe an image analysis strategy with improved power for tracking longitudinal amyloid-β (Aβ) PET changes and evaluating Aβ-modifying treatments. METHODS Our aims were to compare the power of template-based cerebellar, pontine, and cerebral white matter reference regions to track 24-mo florbetapir standardized uptake value (SUV) ratio (SUVR) changes; to relate those changes to 24-mo clinical declines; and to evaluate Aβ-modifying treatments in Aβ-positive (Aβ+) and Aβ-negative (Aβ-) patients with probable Alzheimer dementia (pAD), in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), in cognitively normal controls (NCs), and in cognitively normal apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) carriers and noncarriers. We used baseline and follow-up (∼24 mo) florbetapir PET scans from 332 Aβ+ and Aβ- subjects participating in the multicenter Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Each of the proposed analyses included 31 pAD patients, 187 MCI patients, and 114 NCs. Cerebral-to-white matter, cerebellar, and pontine SUVRs were characterized in terms of their longitudinal variability; their power to track longitudinal fibrillar Aβ increases in Aβ+ and Aβ- subgroups and cognitively normal APOE4 carriers and noncarriers; the sample sizes needed to detect attenuated accumulation of or clearance of fibrillar Aβ accumulation in randomized clinical trials; and their ability to relate 24-mo fibrillar Aβ increases to clinical declines. RESULTS As predicted, cerebral-to-white matter SUVR changes were significantly less variable and had significantly greater power to detect 24-mo fibrillar Aβ increases and evaluate Aβ-modifying treatment effects in Aβ+ pAD, MCI, and NC subjects and cognitively normal APOE4 carriers. They were also distinguished by the ability to detect significant associations between 24-mo Aβ increases and clinical declines. CONCLUSION A cerebral white matter reference region may improve the power to track longitudinal fibrillar Aβ increases, to characterize their relationship to longitudinal clinical declines, and to evaluate Aβ-modifying treatments in randomized clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Chen
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, Arizona Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Auttawut Roontiva
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, Arizona Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Pradeep Thiyyagura
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, Arizona Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Wendy Lee
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, Arizona Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Xiaofen Liu
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, Arizona Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Napatkamon Ayutyanont
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, Arizona Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Hillary Protas
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, Arizona Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Ji Luo Luo
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, Arizona Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Robert Bauer
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, Arizona Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Cole Reschke
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, Arizona Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Daniel Bandy
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, Arizona Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Robert A Koeppe
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Adam S Fleisher
- Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, Arizona Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana Department of Neuroscience, University of California-San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Richard J Caselli
- Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, Arizona Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Susan Landau
- School of Public Health and Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - William J Jagust
- School of Public Health and Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Michael W Weiner
- Department of Radiology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California Department of Psychiatry, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Eric M Reiman
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, Arizona Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, Arizona Division of Neurogenomics, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona; and Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
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Shi J, Stonnington CM, Thompson PM, Chen K, Gutman B, Reschke C, Baxter LC, Reiman EM, Caselli RJ, Wang Y. Studying ventricular abnormalities in mild cognitive impairment with hyperbolic Ricci flow and tensor-based morphometry. Neuroimage 2014; 104:1-20. [PMID: 25285374 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.09.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2014] [Revised: 09/20/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a transitional stage between normal aging and dementia and people with MCI are at high risk of progression to dementia. MCI is attracting increasing attention, as it offers an opportunity to target the disease process during an early symptomatic stage. Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures have been the mainstay of Alzheimer's disease (AD) imaging research, however, ventricular morphometry analysis remains challenging because of its complicated topological structure. Here we describe a novel ventricular morphometry system based on the hyperbolic Ricci flow method and tensor-based morphometry (TBM) statistics. Unlike prior ventricular surface parameterization methods, hyperbolic conformal parameterization is angle-preserving and does not have any singularities. Our system generates a one-to-one diffeomorphic mapping between ventricular surfaces with consistent boundary matching conditions. The TBM statistics encode a great deal of surface deformation information that could be inaccessible or overlooked by other methods. We applied our system to the baseline MRI scans of a set of MCI subjects from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI: 71 MCI converters vs. 62 MCI stable). Although the combined ventricular area and volume features did not differ between the two groups, our fine-grained surface analysis revealed significant differences in the ventricular regions close to the temporal lobe and posterior cingulate, structures that are affected early in AD. Significant correlations were also detected between ventricular morphometry, neuropsychological measures, and a previously described imaging index based on fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) scans. This novel ventricular morphometry method may offer a new and more sensitive approach to study preclinical and early symptomatic stage AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shi
- School of Computing, Informatics, and Decision Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | | | - Paul M Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kewei Chen
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Banner Good Samaritan PET Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Boris Gutman
- Imaging Genetics Center, Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Cole Reschke
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Banner Good Samaritan PET Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Leslie C Baxter
- Human Brain Imaging Laboratory, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Eric M Reiman
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Banner Good Samaritan PET Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | | | - Yalin Wang
- School of Computing, Informatics, and Decision Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
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Acosta J, Geda YE, Stokin GB, Fleisher AS, Reschke C, Bauer RJ, Thiyyagura P, Lu B, Caselli RJ, Weiner M, Reiman EM, Chen K. P2‐141: BRAIN‐DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR (BDNF) POLYMORPHISMS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH DIFFERENTIAL RATES OF AMYLOID ACCUMULATION AND COGNITIVE DECLINE IN COGNITIVELY NORMAL OLDER ADULTS. Alzheimers Dement 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2014.05.816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Cole Reschke
- Banner Alzheimer's InstitutePhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | | | | | - Bai Lu
- Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | | | - Michael Weiner
- University of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUnited States
| | | | - Kewei Chen
- Banner Alzheimer's InstitutePhoenixArizonaUnited States
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5
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Chen K, Roontiva A, Thiyyagura P, Lee W, Liu X, Ayutyanont N, Protas H, Landau S, Luo J, Bauer R, Reschke C, Bandy D, Koeppe R, Fleisher AS, Caselli RJ, Jagust W, Weiner MW, Reiman EM. P4‐298: IMPROVING THE POWER TO TRACK FIBRILLAR AMYLOID PET MEASUREMENTS AND EVALUATE AMYLOID‐MODIFYING TREATMENTS USING A CEREBRAL WHITE MATTER REFERENCE REGION‐OF‐INTEREST. Alzheimers Dement 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2014.07.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Chen
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Arizona State University, Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | - Auttawut Roontiva
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | - Pradeep Thiyyagura
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | - Wendy Lee
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | - Xiaofen Liu
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | - Napatkamon Ayutyanont
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | - Hillary Protas
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | - Susan Landau
- University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyCaliforniaUnited States
| | - Ji Luo
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | - Robert Bauer
- Banner Alzheimers Institute, Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | - Cole Reschke
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | - Dan Bandy
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | - Robert Koeppe
- University of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUnited States
| | - Adam S. Fleisher
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Eli Lilly & Co, Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | - Richard J. Caselli
- Mayo Clinic, Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumScottsdaleArizonaUnited States
| | - William Jagust
- University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyCaliforniaUnited States
| | - Michael Walter Weiner
- Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, VA Medical Center and UCSFSan FranciscoCaliforniaUnited States
| | - Eric M. Reiman
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, University of Arizona, Translational Genomics Research InstitutePhoenixArizonaUnited States
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Roontiva A, Chen K, Ayutyanont N, Protas H, Liu X, Thiyyagura P, Lee W, Reschke C, Parks S, Bauer R, Koeppe R, Jagust W, Foster N, Weiner M, Fleisher A, Reiman E. O4–08–01: Association between the Alzheimer's disease–related hypometabolic convergence index and clinical ratings in cognitively normal older adults with and without significant fibrillar amyloid burden: Findings from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Alzheimers Dement 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2013.04.377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kewei Chen
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
| | - Napatkamon Ayutyanont
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute; Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium Phoenix Arizona United States
| | - Hillary Protas
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
| | - Xiaofen Liu
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
| | | | - Wendy Lee
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
| | - Cole Reschke
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
| | | | - Robert Bauer
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
| | - Robert Koeppe
- University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan United States
| | - William Jagust
- University of California‐Berkeley Berkeley California United States
| | - Norman Foster
- University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah United States
| | - Michael Weiner
- University of California‐San Francisco San Francisco California United States
| | - Adam Fleisher
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
| | - Eric Reiman
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
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Protas H, Chen K, Reschke C, Roontiva A, Liu X, Parks S, Lee W, Bauer R, Ayutyanont N, Thiyyagura P, Koeppe R, Jagust W, Foster N, Weiner M, Fleisher A, Reiman E. IC‐P‐112: The pattern of cerebral hypometabolism and its association with clinical ratings in cognitively normal older adults with and without significant fibrillar amyloid burden: Findings from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Alzheimers Dement 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2013.05.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hillary Protas
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
| | - Kewei Chen
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
| | - Cole Reschke
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
| | | | - Xiaofen Liu
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
| | | | - Wendy Lee
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
| | - Robert Bauer
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
| | - Napatkamon Ayutyanont
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute; Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium Phoenix Arizona United States
| | | | - Robert Koeppe
- University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan United States
| | - William Jagust
- University of California, Berkeley Berkeley California United States
| | - Norman Foster
- University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah United States
| | - Michael Weiner
- University of California San Francisco San Francisco Utah United States
| | - Adam Fleisher
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
| | - Eric Reiman
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
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Chen K, Stonnington C, Ayutyanont N, Reschke C, Thyyagura P, Protas H, Liu X, Roontiva A, Parks S, Bauer R, Lee W, Koeppe R, Jagust W, Foster N, Weiner M, Fleisher A, Reiman E. DT‐01–06: Baseline FDG‐PET and volumetric MRI predicts Alzheimer's disease conversion from mild cognitive impairment: An ADNI study. Alzheimers Dement 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2013.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Chen
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
| | | | - Napatkamon Ayutyanont
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute; Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium Phoenix Arizona United States
| | - Cole Reschke
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
| | | | - Hillary Protas
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
| | - Xiaofen Liu
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
| | | | | | - Robert Bauer
- University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan United States
| | - Wendy Lee
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
| | - Robert Koeppe
- University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan United States
| | - William Jagust
- University of California, Berkeley Berkeley California United States
| | - Norman Foster
- University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah United States
| | - Michael Weiner
- Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases; VA Medical Center and UCSF San Francisco California United States
| | - Adam Fleisher
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
| | - Eric Reiman
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
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Protas H, Chen K, Reschke C, Roontiva A, Liu X, Parks S, Lee W, Bauer R, Ayutyanont N, Thiyyagura P, Koeppe R, Jagust W, Foster N, Weiner M, Fleisher A, Reiman E. P3–111: The pattern of cerebral hypometabolism and its association with clinical ratings in cognitively normal older adults with and without significant fibrillar amyloid burden: Findings from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Alzheimers Dement 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2013.05.1182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hillary Protas
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
| | - Kewei Chen
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
| | - Cole Reschke
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
| | | | - Xiaofen Liu
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
| | | | - Wendy Lee
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
| | - Robert Bauer
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
| | - Napatkamon Ayutyanont
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute; Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium Phoenix Arizona United States
| | | | - Robert Koeppe
- University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan United States
| | - William Jagust
- University of California, Berkeley Berkeley California United States
| | - Norman Foster
- University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah United States
| | - Michael Weiner
- University of California San Francisco San Francisco Utah United States
| | - Adam Fleisher
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
| | - Eric Reiman
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
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Roontiva A, Chen K, Ayutyanont N, Protas H, Liu X, Thiyyagura P, Lee W, Reschke C, Parks S, Bauer R, Koeppe R, Jagust W, Foster N, Weiner M, Fleisher A, Reiman E. IC‐P‐155: Association between the Alzheimer's disease‐related hypometabolic convergence index and clinical ratings in cognitively normal older adults with and without significant fibrillar amyloid burden: Findings from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Alzheimers Dement 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2013.05.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kewei Chen
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
| | - Napatkamon Ayutyanont
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium Phoenix Arizona United States
| | - Hillary Protas
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
| | - Xiaofen Liu
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
| | | | - Wendy Lee
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
| | - Cole Reschke
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
| | | | - Robert Bauer
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
| | - Robert Koeppe
- University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan United States
| | - William Jagust
- University of California, Berkeley Berkeley California United States
| | - Norman Foster
- University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah United States
| | - Michael Weiner
- University of California San Francisco San Francisco California United States
| | - Adam Fleisher
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
| | - Eric Reiman
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix Arizona United States
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Ayutyanont N, Chen K, S. Fleisher A, B.S. Langbaum J, Reschke C, A. Parks S, Lee W, Liu X, Protas H, Bandy D, E. Alexander G, Huan Z, Kong L, K. Leung K, M. Thompson P, L. Foster N, J. Harvey D, Beckett L, J. de Leon M, A. Koeppe R, J. Jagust W, W. Weiner M, M. Reiman E. Whole Brain Atrophy and Sample Size Estimate via Iterative Principal Component Analysis for Twelve-month Alzheimer's Disease Trials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.2174/2213385211301010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Reschke C. [Successful treatment of an equine sarcoid. Case report on a combined surgical and photodynamic therapy]. Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere 2012; 40:309-313. [PMID: 23076760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The case report describes the surgical and photodynamic treatment (PDT) of an equine sarcoid in a 6-year-old gelding. A mass on the ventral prepuce, several tumours on the lateral aspect of the prepuce and one sarcoid on the front aspect of the chest were treated. For PDT, Temoporfin (Fospeg® Biolitec AG, Jena) at a concentration of 0.15mg/ml was injected locally. The subsequent irradiation was performed using a red-light laser (652nm) with an energy density of 10J/cm². The mass on the ventral aspect of the prepuce and some of the lateral tumours displayed total remission. The remaining tumours decreased in size or stopped growing.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Reschke
- Tierärztliche Klinik Greiz, inzwischen Tierärztliche Praxis Dr. Gerstner, Greiz.
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13
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Protas H, Chen K, Reschke C, Roontiva A, Lee W, Nishimura M, Ayutyanont N, Liu X, Thiyyagura P, Parks S, Koeppe R, Jagust W, Foster N, Weiner M, Fleisher A, Reiman E. IC‐P‐024: Capitalizing on complementary FDG‐PET and florbetapir‐PET data sets to distinguish between early and late mild cognitive impairment using multimodal partial least squares. Alzheimers Dement 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2012.05.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kewei Chen
- Banner Alzheimer's InstitutePhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | - Cole Reschke
- Banner Alzheimer's InstitutePhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | | | - Wendy Lee
- Banner Alzheimer's InstitutePhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | | | | | - Xiaofen Liu
- Banner Alzheimer's InstitutePhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | | | | | - Robert Koeppe
- University of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUnited States
| | - William Jagust
- University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyCaliforniaUnited States
| | | | - Michael Weiner
- University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUnited States
| | - Adam Fleisher
- Banner Alzheimer's InstitutePhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | - Eric Reiman
- Banner Alzheimer's InstitutePhoenixArizonaUnited States
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14
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Protas H, Chen K, Reschke C, Roontiva A, Lee W, Nishimura M, Ayutyanont N, Liu X, Thiyyagura P, Parks S, Koeppe R, Jagust W, Foster N, Weiner M, Fleisher A, Reiman E. P2‐217: Capitalizing on complementary FDG PET and florbetapir PET data sets to distinguish between early and late mild cognitive impairment using multi‐modal partial least squares. Alzheimers Dement 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2012.05.924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kewei Chen
- Banner Alzheimer's InstitutePhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | - Cole Reschke
- Banner Alzheimer's InstitutePhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | | | - Wendy Lee
- Banner Alzheimer's InstitutePhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | | | | | - Xiaofen Liu
- Banner Alzheimer's InstitutePhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | | | | | - Robert Koeppe
- University of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUnited States
| | - William Jagust
- University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyCaliforniaUnited States
| | | | - Michael Weiner
- University of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUnited States
| | - Adam Fleisher
- Banner Alzheimer's InstitutePhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | - Eric Reiman
- Banner Alzheimer's InstitutePhoenixArizonaUnited States
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Chen K, Ayutyanont N, Langbaum JBS, Fleisher AS, Reschke C, Lee W, Liu X, Alexander GE, Bandy D, Caselli RJ, Reiman EM. Correlations between FDG PET glucose uptake-MRI gray matter volume scores and apolipoprotein E ε4 gene dose in cognitively normal adults: a cross-validation study using voxel-based multi-modal partial least squares. Neuroimage 2012; 60:2316-22. [PMID: 22348880 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2011] [Revised: 01/13/2012] [Accepted: 02/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously introduced a voxel-based, multi-modal application of the partial least square algorithm (MMPLS) to characterize the linkage between patterns in a person's complementary complex datasets without the need to correct for multiple regional comparisons. Here we used it to demonstrate a strong correlation between MMPLS scores to characterize the linkage between the covarying patterns of fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) measurements of regional glucose metabolism and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements of regional gray matter associated with apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 gene dose (i.e., three levels of genetic risk for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD)) in cognitively normal, late-middle-aged persons. Coregistered and spatially normalized FDG PET and MRI images from 70% of the subjects (27 ε4 homozygotes, 36 ε4 heterozygotes and 67 ε4 non-carriers) were used in a hypothesis-generating MMPLS analysis to characterize the covarying pattern of regional gray matter volume and cerebral glucose metabolism most strongly correlated with APOE-ε4 gene dose. Coregistered and spatially normalized FDG PET and MRI images from the remaining 30% of the subjects were used in a hypothesis-testing MMPLS analysis to generate FDG PET-MRI gray matter MMPLS scores blind to their APOE genotype and characterize their relationship to APOE-ε4 gene dose. The hypothesis-generating analysis revealed covarying regional gray matter volume and cerebral glucose metabolism patterns that resembled those in traditional univariate analyses of AD and APOE-ε4 gene dose and PET-MRI scores that were strongly correlated with APOE-ε4 gene dose (p<1 × 10(-16)). The hypothesis-testing analysis results showed strong correlations between FDG PET-MRI gray matter scores and APOE-ε4 gene dose (p = 8.7 × 10(-4)). Our findings support the possibility of using the MMPLS to analyze complementary datasets from the same person in the presymptomatic detection and tracking of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Chen
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Banner Good Samaritan PET Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
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Reschke C. Erfolgreiche Behandlung eines rezidivierenden equinen Sarkoids. Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1623132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
ZusammenfassungDer dargestellte Fall beschreibt die Behandlung eines rezidivierenden equinen Sarkoids mit kombinierter chirurgischer und photodynamischer Therapie (PDT) bei einem 6-jährigen Wallach. Behandelt wurden eine Tumormasse am Präputium, mehrere parapräputiale Tumore sowie ein Sarkoid an der Vorderbrust. Für die PDT wurde der Farbstoff Temoporfin (Fospeg® Biolitec AG, Jena) in einer Konzentration von 0,15 mg/ml lokal injiziert. Die anschließende Bestrahlung erfolgte mit einem Rotlichtlaser (652 nm) bei einer Energiedichte von 10 J/cm2. Am Präputium sowie bei einigen parapräputialen Tumoren konnte eine vollständige Remission verzeichnet werden. Die verbliebenen Tumore zeigten eine teilweise Remission oder eine Wachstumsstagnation.
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Ayutyanont N, Chen K, Roontiva A, Fleisher A, Langbaum J, Reschke C, Lee W, Liu X, Bandy D, Alexander G, Foster N, Harvey D, Weiner M, Koeppe R, Jagust W, Reiman E. IC‐P‐084: Use of an fdg‐pet‐derived hypometabolic convergence index enrichment strategy to reduce sample sizes in alzheimer's disease clinical trials: Findings from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). Alzheimers Dement 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2011.05.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Napatkamon Ayutyanont
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Banner Good Samaritan PET CenterArizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | - Kewei Chen
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Banner Good Samaritan PET CenterPhoenixAZ
- Department of Mathematics and StatisticsArizona State UniversityTempeAZ
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | - Auttawut Roontiva
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Banner Good Samaritan PET CenterArizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | - Adam Fleisher
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Banner Good Samaritan PET CenterArizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | - Jessica Langbaum
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Banner Good Samaritan PET CenterArizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | - Cole Reschke
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Banner Good Samaritan PET CenterArizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | - Wendy Lee
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Banner Good Samaritan PET CenterArizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | - Xiaofen Liu
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Banner Good Samaritan PET CenterArizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | - Dan Bandy
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Banner Good Samaritan PET CenterArizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | - Gene Alexander
- Department of Mathematics and StatisticsArizona State UniversityTempeAZ
| | - Norman Foster
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixArizonaUnited States
| | - Danielle Harvey
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of ArizonaTucsonAZ
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixAZ
- TucsonArizonaUnited States
| | | | - Robert Koeppe
- University of California Davis School of MedicineDavisCaliforniaUnited States
| | - William Jagust
- University of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUnited States
| | - Eric Reiman
- University of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUnited States
- University of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCaliforniaUnited States
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Banner Good Samaritan PET CenterPhoenixAZ
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of ArizonaTucsonAZ
- Division of NeurogenomicsTranslational Genomics Research InstitutePhoenixAZ
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Chen K, Ayutyanont N, Langbaum JBS, Fleisher AS, Reschke C, Lee W, Liu X, Bandy D, Alexander GE, Thompson PM, Shaw L, Trojanowski JQ, Jack CR, Landau SM, Foster NL, Harvey DJ, Weiner MW, Koeppe RA, Jagust WJ, Reiman EM. Characterizing Alzheimer's disease using a hypometabolic convergence index. Neuroimage 2011; 56:52-60. [PMID: 21276856 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2010] [Accepted: 01/18/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This article introduces a hypometabolic convergence index (HCI) for the assessment of Alzheimer's disease (AD); compares it to other biological, cognitive and clinical measures; and demonstrates its promise to predict clinical decline in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients using data from the AD Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). The HCI is intended to reflect in a single measurement the extent to which the pattern and magnitude of cerebral hypometabolism in an individual's fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) image correspond to that in probable AD patients, and is generated using a fully automated voxel-based image-analysis algorithm. HCIs, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) hippocampal volume measurements, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) assays, memory test scores, and clinical ratings were compared in 47 probable AD patients, 21 MCI patients who converted to probable AD within the next 18months, 76 MCI patients who did not, and 47 normal controls (NCs) in terms of their ability to characterize clinical disease severity and predict conversion rates from MCI to probable AD. HCIs were significantly different in the probable AD, MCI converter, MCI stable and NC groups (p=9e-17) and correlated with clinical disease severity. Using retrospectively characterized threshold criteria, MCI patients with either higher HCIs or smaller hippocampal volumes had the highest hazard ratios (HRs) for 18-month progression to probable AD (7.38 and 6.34, respectively), and those with both had an even higher HR (36.72). In conclusion, the HCI, alone or in combination with certain other biomarker measurements, has the potential to help characterize AD and predict subsequent rates of clinical decline. More generally, our conversion index strategy could be applied to a range of imaging modalities and voxel-based image-analysis algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Chen
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Banner Good Samaritan PET Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
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Langbaum JBS, Chen K, Caselli RJ, Lee W, Reschke C, Bandy D, Alexander GE, Burns CM, Kaszniak AW, Reeder SA, Corneveaux JJ, Allen AN, Pruzin J, Huentelman MJ, Fleisher AS, Reiman EM. Hypometabolism in Alzheimer-affected brain regions in cognitively healthy Latino individuals carrying the apolipoprotein E epsilon4 allele. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 67:462-8. [PMID: 20385913 DOI: 10.1001/archneurol.2010.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate with fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography whether regional reductions in the cerebral metabolic rate for glucose (CMRgl) previously found in cognitively healthy late-middle-aged apolipoprotein E (APOE) epsilon4 carriers extend to members of the Latino Mexican American community. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, Arizona. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS Eleven APOE epsilon4 carriers and 16 noncarriers from Arizona's Latino community (mean [SD] age, 54.6 [6.4] years) matched for sex, mean age, and educational level and who were predominantly of self-designated Mexican origin. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE A brain mapping algorithm was used to compare cross-sectional regional CMRgl in Latino APOE epsilon4 carriers vs noncarriers. RESULTS Participant groups had similar distributions for age, sex, education, family history of dementia, clinical ratings, and neuropsychological test scores. Latino APOE epsilon4 carriers had lower CMRgl than the noncarriers in the posterior cingulate, precuneus, and parietal regions previously found to be preferentially affected in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) and cognitively healthy non-Latino APOE epsilon4 carriers. Additionally, the Latino APOE epsilon4 carriers had lower CMRgl in the middle and anterior cingulate cortex, hippocampus, and thalamus. CONCLUSIONS This study provides support for the relationship between APOE epsilon4 and risk of AD in Latino individuals. It illustrates the role of positron emission tomography as a presymptomatic endophenotype for the assessment of AD risk factors and supports the inclusion of Latino APOE epsilon4 carriers in proof-of-concept studies using fluorodeoxyglucose PET to evaluate promising presymptomatic treatments in cognitively healthy carriers of this common AD susceptibility gene.
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Ayutyanont N, Chen K, Reschke C, Langbaum JB, Fleisher A, Kong L, Liu X, Lee W, Huan Z, Reiman EM, The Alzheimer's Disease NeuroImaging Initiative. P1‐434: Twelve‐month whole‐brain atrophy rates and estimated power to detect Alzheimer‐slowing treatment effects in multicenter trials using Iterative Principal Component Analysis: Preliminary findings from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Alzheimers Dement 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2010.05.989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kewei Chen
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute; Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenix AZ USA
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Arizona State UniversityTempe AZ USA
| | - Cole Reschke
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute; Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenix AZ USA
| | | | - Adam Fleisher
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute; Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenix AZ USA
- Department of Neurosciences University of CaliforniaSan Diego CA USA
| | - Li Kong
- Depatment of Mathematics and Statistics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing China
| | - Xiaofen Liu
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute; Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenix AZ USA
| | - Wendy Lee
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute; Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenix AZ USA
| | - Zhongdan Huan
- Depatment of Mathematics and Statistics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing China
| | - Eric M. Reiman
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute; Division of Genomics Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona Department of Psychiatry University of ArizonaTucson AZ USA
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenix AZ USA
| | - The Alzheimer's Disease NeuroImaging Initiative
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute; Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenix AZ USA
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Arizona State UniversityTempe AZ USA
- Department of Neurosciences University of CaliforniaSan Diego CA USA
- Depatment of Mathematics and Statistics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing China
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute; Division of Genomics Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona Department of Psychiatry University of ArizonaTucson AZ USA
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21
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Reiman EM, Chen K, Dueck AC, Fleisher AS, Langbaum JB, Ayutyanont N, Reschke C, Liu X, Bandy D, Reeder SA, Henslin BR, Yee-Benedetto SC, Tariot PN, Keppler J, Alexander GE, Caselli RJ. O3‐06‐08: Sample size estimates for pre‐symptomatic Alzheimer's disease treatment/surrogate marker development trials in Apolipoprotein E4 homozygotes close to their estimated age at symptomatic onset. Alzheimers Dement 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2010.05.434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric M. Reiman
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute & Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenix AZ USA
- Department of Psychiatry University of ArizonaTucson AZ USA
| | - Kewei Chen
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute; Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenix AZ USA
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics Arizona State UniversityTempe AZ USA
| | - Amylou C. Dueck
- Mayo ClinicScottsdale Arizona
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenix AZ USA
| | - Adam S. Fleisher
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute; Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenix AZ USA
| | | | | | - Cole Reschke
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute; Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenix AZ USA
| | - Xiaofen Liu
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute; Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenix AZ USA
| | - Dan Bandy
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute; Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenix AZ USA
| | | | - Bruce R. Henslin
- Mayo ClinicScottsdale Arizona
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenix AZ USA
| | | | - Piere N. Tariot
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute; Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenix AZ USA
| | - Jennifer Keppler
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute; Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenix AZ USA
| | - Gene E. Alexander
- Department of Psychology and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute University of ArizonaTucson Arizona
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenix AZ USA
| | - Richard J. Caselli
- Mayo ClinicScottsdale AZ USA
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenix AZ USA
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22
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Chen K, Langbaum JBS, Fleisher AS, Ayutyanont N, Reschke C, Lee W, Liu X, Bandy D, Alexander GE, Thompson PM, Foster NL, Harvey DJ, de Leon MJ, Koeppe RA, Jagust WJ, Weiner MW, Reiman EM. Twelve-month metabolic declines in probable Alzheimer's disease and amnestic mild cognitive impairment assessed using an empirically pre-defined statistical region-of-interest: findings from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Neuroimage 2010; 51:654-64. [PMID: 20202480 PMCID: PMC2856742 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.02.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2009] [Revised: 02/08/2010] [Accepted: 02/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by specific and progressive reductions in fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) measurements of the cerebral metabolic rate for glucose (CMRgl), some of which may precede the onset of symptoms. In this report, we describe twelve-month CMRgl declines in 69 probable AD patients, 154 amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients, and 79 cognitively normal controls (NCs) from the AD Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) using statistical parametric mapping (SPM). We introduce the use of an empirically pre-defined statistical region-of-interest (sROI) to characterize CMRgl declines with optimal power and freedom from multiple comparisons, and we estimate the number of patients needed to characterize AD-slowing treatment effects in multi-center randomized clinical trials (RCTs). The AD and MCI groups each had significant twelve-month CMRgl declines bilaterally in posterior cingulate, medial and lateral parietal, medial and lateral temporal, frontal and occipital cortex, which were significantly greater than those in the NC group and correlated with measures of clinical decline. Using sROIs defined based on training sets of baseline and follow-up images to assess CMRgl declines in independent test sets from each patient group, we estimate the need for 66 AD patients or 217 MCI patients per treatment group to detect a 25% AD-slowing treatment effect in a twelve-month, multi-center RCT with 80% power and two-tailed alpha=0.05, roughly one-tenth the number of the patients needed to study MCI patients using clinical endpoints. Our findings support the use of FDG PET, brain-mapping algorithms and empirically pre-defined sROIs in RCTs of AD-slowing treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Chen
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Banner Good Samaritan PET Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
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Reiman EM, Chen K, Langbaum JBS, Lee W, Reschke C, Bandy D, Alexander GE, Caselli RJ. Higher serum total cholesterol levels in late middle age are associated with glucose hypometabolism in brain regions affected by Alzheimer's disease and normal aging. Neuroimage 2010; 49:169-76. [PMID: 19631758 PMCID: PMC2888804 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2009] [Revised: 06/10/2009] [Accepted: 07/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies suggest that higher midlife serum total cholesterol levels are associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Using fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET) in the study of cognitively normal late middle-aged people, we demonstrated an association between apolipoprotein E (APOE) epsilon4 gene dose, the major genetic risk factor for late-onset AD, and lower measurements of the cerebral metabolic rate for glucose (CMRgl) in AD-affected brain regions, we proposed using PET as a pre-symptomatic endophenotype to evaluate other putative AD risk modifiers, and we then used it to support an aggregate cholesterol-related genetic risk score in the risk of AD. In the present study, we used PET to investigate the association between serum total cholesterol levels and cerebral metabolic rate for glucose metabolism (CMRgl) in 117 cognitively normal late middle-aged APOE epsilon4 homozygotes, heterozygotes and non-carriers. Higher serum total cholesterol levels were associated with lower CMRgl bilaterally in precuneus, parietotemporal and prefrontal regions previously found to be preferentially affected by AD, and in additional frontal regions previously found to be preferentially affected by normal aging. The associations were greater in APOE epsilon4 carriers than non-carriers in some of the AD-affected brain regions. We postulate that higher midlife serum total cholesterol levels accelerate brain processes associated with normal aging and conspire with other risk factors in the predisposition to AD. We propose using PET in proof-of-concept randomized controlled trials to rapidly evaluate the effects of midlife cholesterol-lowering treatments on the brain changes associated with normal aging and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric M Reiman
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Banner Good Samaritan PET Center, 901 East Willetta Street, Phoenix, AZ 85006, USA.
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Kettering MK, Reschke C, Aicher D, Gräfe S, Wiehe A, Oechtering G, Kaiser WA, Hilger I. Photodynamische Therapie zur Behandlung der Rheumatoiden Arthritis: erste in vitro-Untersuchungen mit neuen Photosensibilisatoren. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1221333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Langbaum JBS, Chen K, Lee W, Reschke C, Bandy D, Fleisher AS, Alexander GE, Foster NL, Weiner MW, Koeppe RA, Jagust WJ, Reiman EM. Categorical and correlational analyses of baseline fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography images from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). Neuroimage 2009; 45:1107-16. [PMID: 19349228 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.12.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2008] [Revised: 12/15/2008] [Accepted: 12/31/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In mostly small single-center studies, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with characteristic and progressive reductions in fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET) measurements of the regional cerebral metabolic rate for glucose (CMRgl). The AD Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) is acquiring FDG PET, volumetric magnetic resonance imaging, and other biomarker measurements in a large longitudinal multi-center study of initially mildly affected probable AD (pAD) patients, amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) patients, who are at increased AD risk, and cognitively normal controls (NC), and we are responsible for analyzing the PET images using statistical parametric mapping (SPM). Here we compare baseline CMRgl measurements from 74 pAD patients and 142 aMCI patients to those from 82 NC, we correlate CMRgl with categorical and continuous measures of clinical disease severity, and we compare apolipoprotein E (APOE) varepsilon4 carriers to non-carriers in each of these subject groups. In comparison with NC, the pAD and aMCI groups each had significantly lower CMRgl bilaterally in posterior cingulate, precuneus, parietotemporal and frontal cortex. Similar reductions were observed when categories of disease severity or lower Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) scores were correlated with lower CMRgl. However, when analyses were restricted to the pAD patients, lower MMSE scores were significantly correlated with lower left frontal and temporal CMRgl. These findings from a large, multi-site study support previous single-site findings, supports the characteristic pattern of baseline CMRgl reductions in AD and aMCI patients, as well as preferential anterior CMRgl reductions after the onset of AD dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica B S Langbaum
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Banner Good Samaritan PET Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
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Ayutyanont N, Chen K, Liu X, Reschke C, Lee W, Bandy D, Alexander GE, Jagust WJ, Koeppe RA, Foster NL, Reiman EM. P1‐312: Differentiating amnestic mild cognitive impairment converting to probable Alzheimer's disease from stable amnestic mild cognitive impairment using FDG‐PET and an Alzheimer's disease‐related hypometabolism overlap index. Alzheimers Dement 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2008.05.903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kewei Chen
- Banner Alzheimer's InstitutePhoenixAZUSA
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixAZUSA
| | - Xiaofen Liu
- Banner Alzheimer's InstitutePhoenixAZUSA
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixAZUSA
| | - Cole Reschke
- Banner Alzheimer's InstitutePhoenixAZUSA
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixAZUSA
| | - Wendy Lee
- Banner Alzheimer's InstitutePhoenixAZUSA
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixAZUSA
| | - Dan Bandy
- Banner Alzheimer's InstitutePhoenixAZUSA
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixAZUSA
| | - Gene E. Alexander
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixAZUSA
- University of ArizonaTucsonAZUSA
| | | | | | | | - Eric M. Reiman
- University of ArizonaTucsonAZUSA
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Translational Genomics Research InstitutePhoenixAZUSA
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Chen K, Reschke C, Lee W, Bandy D, Foster NL, Weiner MW, Koeppe RA, Jagust WJ, Reiman EM. IC‐P2‐086: The pattern of cerebral hypometablism in amnestic mild cognitive impairment and its relationship to subsequent conversion to probable Alzheimer's disease: Preliminary findings from the Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative. Alzheimers Dement 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2008.05.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Chen
- Banner Alzheimer's InstitutePhoenixAZUSA
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixAZUSA
| | - Cole Reschke
- Banner Alzheimer's InstitutePhoenixAZUSA
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixAZUSA
| | - Wendy Lee
- Banner Alzheimer's InstitutePhoenixAZUSA
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixAZUSA
| | - Dan Bandy
- Banner Alzheimer's InstitutePhoenixAZUSA
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixAZUSA
| | | | | | | | | | - Eric M. Reiman
- Banner Alzheimer's InstituteArizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumTranslational Genomics Research InstitutePhoenixAZUSA
- University of ArizonaTucsonAZUSA
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28
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Chen K, Reiman EM, Alexander GE, Lee W, Reschke C, Smilovici O, Bandy D, Weiner MW, Koeppe RA, Jagust WJ. O1–04–05: Six‐month cerebral metabolic declines in Alzheimer's disease, amnestic mild cognitive impairment and elderly normal control groups: Preliminary findings from the Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative. Alzheimers Dement 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2007.04.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Chen
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Good Samaritan PET CenterPhoenixAZUSA
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixAZUSA
| | - Eric M. Reiman
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixAZUSA
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Good Samaritan PET CenterTranslational Genomics Research InstituteUniversity of ArizonaPhoenixAZUSA
| | - Gene E. Alexander
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixAZUSA
- Arizona State UniversityTempeAZUSA
| | - Wendy Lee
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixAZUSA
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Good Samaritan Pet CenterPhoenixAZUSA
| | - Cole Reschke
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixAZUSA
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Good Samaritan Pet CenterPhoenixAZUSA
| | - Oded Smilovici
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixAZUSA
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Good Samaritan Pet CenterPhoenixAZUSA
| | - Dan Bandy
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixAZUSA
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Good Samaritan Pet CenterPhoenixAZUSA
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Chen K, Reiman EM, Alexander GE, Smilovici O, Lee W, Reschke C, Bandy D, Foster NL, Weiner MW, Koeppe RA, Jagust WJ. P‐024: The pattern and severity of FDG pet abnormalities in Alzheimer's disease and amnestic mild cognitive impairment: Preliminary findings from the Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative. Alzheimers Dement 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2007.04.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Chen
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Good Samaritan PET Center PhoenixAZUSA
- Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium PhoenixAZUSA
| | - Eric M. Reiman
- Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium PhoenixAZUSA
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Good Samaritan PET Center Translational Genomics Research Institute University of Arizona PhoenixAZUSA
| | - Gene E. Alexander
- Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium PhoenixAZUSA
- Arizona State University TempeAZUSA
| | - Oded Smilovici
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Good Samaritan PET Center PhoenixAZUSA
- Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium PhoenixAZUSA
| | - Wendy Lee
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Good Samaritan PET Center PhoenixAZUSA
- Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium PhoenixAZUSA
| | - Cole Reschke
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Good Samaritan PET Center PhoenixAZUSA
- Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium PhoenixAZUSA
| | - Dan Bandy
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Good Samaritan PET Center PhoenixAZUSA
- Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium PhoenixAZUSA
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Reiman EM, Chen K, Alexander GE, Reschke C, Lee W, Smilovici O, Buckley S, Sacrey DT, Schuff N, Muller S, Weiner MW, Caselli RJ. O1–05–03: PET measurements of posterior cingulate glucose metabolism are superior to MRI measurements of hippocampal volume in distinguishing cognitively normal persons at differential genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2007.04.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric M. Reiman
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Good Samaritan PET Center Translational Genomics Research InstituteUniversity of ArizonaPhoenixAZUSA
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixAZUSA
| | - Kewei Chen
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixAZUSA
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Good Samaritan PET CenterPhoenixAZUSA
| | - Gene E. Alexander
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixAZUSA
- Arizona State UniversityTempeAZUSA
| | - Cole Reschke
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixAZUSA
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Good Samaritan PET CenterPhoenixAZUSA
| | - Wendy Lee
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixAZUSA
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Good Samaritan PET CenterPhoenixAZUSA
| | - Oded Smilovici
- Arizona Alzheimer's ConsortiumPhoenixAZUSA
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Good Samaritan PET CenterPhoenixAZUSA
| | | | | | - Norbert Schuff
- University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - S. Muller
- University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
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Zippel HP, Reschke C, Korff V. Simultaneous recordings from two physiologically different types of relay neurons, mitral cells and ruffed cells, in the olfactory bulb of goldfish. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 1999; 45:327-37. [PMID: 10386789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Anatomical differences characterizing mitral cells and ruffed cells were published by Kosaka and Hama in three teleost species. Physiological responses from both different types of relay neurons were recorded extracellularly and simultaneously in the plexiform layer using a single tungsten microelectrode. During interstimulus intervals mitral cells responded with higher, frequently burst-like impulse rates triggered by the activity of epithelial receptor neurons. The mitral cell activity could be totally suppressed during local anesthesia of the olfactory epithelium. Ruffed cell impulse rates were low, and each action potential triggered a long-lasting (3-5 ms), continuously variable, summed up granule cell potential. In contrast to mitral cells, blockade of epithelial receptor cells significantly increased the activity of ruffed cells. I.e., the ruffed cells, which have no input from the olfactory epithelium, are spontaneously active, and are laterally inhibited by granule cells activated by mitral cells. During olfactory stimulation contrasting interactions between mitral cells and ruffed cells resulting in a drastic intensification of centrally transmitted information, frequently were recorded. An excitation of mitral cells activity via granule cells laterally inhibited the ruffed cells activity, and an inhibition of mitral cells activity simultaneously "released" an excitation of ruffed cells. This is the first physiological determination of different types of relay neurons in the olfactory bulb of fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- H P Zippel
- Physiologisches Institut der Universität, Göttingen, Germany.
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