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Bigdeli TB, Fanous AH, Li Y, Rajeevan N, Sayward F, Genovese G, Gupta R, Radhakrishnan K, Malhotra AK, Sun N, Lu Q, Hu Y, Li B, Chen Q, Mane S, Miller P, Cheung KH, Gur RE, Greenwood TA, Braff DL, Achtyes ED, Buckley PF, Escamilla MA, Lehrer D, Malaspina DP, McCarroll SA, Rapaport MH, Vawter MP, Pato MT, Pato CN, Zhao H, Kosten TR, Brophy M, Pyarajan S, Shi Y, O’Leary TJ, Gleason T, Przygodzki R, Muralidhar S, Gaziano JM, Huang GD, Concato J, Siever LJ, Aslan M, Harvey PD. Genome-Wide Association Studies of Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder in a Diverse Cohort of US Veterans. Schizophr Bull 2020; 47:517-529. [PMID: 33169155 PMCID: PMC7965063 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbaa133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BIP) are debilitating neuropsychiatric disorders, collectively affecting 2% of the world's population. Recognizing the major impact of these psychiatric disorders on the psychosocial function of more than 200 000 US Veterans, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) recently completed genotyping of more than 8000 veterans with SCZ and BIP in the Cooperative Studies Program (CSP) #572. METHODS We performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in CSP #572 and benchmarked the predictive value of polygenic risk scores (PRS) constructed from published findings. We combined our results with available summary statistics from several recent GWAS, realizing the largest and most diverse studies of these disorders to date. RESULTS Our primary GWAS uncovered new associations between CHD7 variants and SCZ, and novel BIP associations with variants in Sortilin Related VPS10 Domain Containing Receptor 3 (SORCS3) and downstream of PCDH11X. Combining our results with published summary statistics for SCZ yielded 39 novel susceptibility loci including CRHR1, and we identified 10 additional findings for BIP (28 326 cases and 90 570 controls). PRS trained on published GWAS were significantly associated with case-control status among European American (P < 10-30) and African American (P < .0005) participants in CSP #572. CONCLUSIONS We have demonstrated that published findings for SCZ and BIP are robustly generalizable to a diverse cohort of US veterans. Leveraging available summary statistics from GWAS of global populations, we report 52 new susceptibility loci and improved fine-mapping resolution for dozens of previously reported associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim B Bigdeli
- VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, Brooklyn, NY,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Ayman H Fanous
- VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, Brooklyn, NY,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Yuli Li
- Cooperative Studies Program Clinical Epidemiology Research Center (CSP-CERC), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT,Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Nallakkandi Rajeevan
- Cooperative Studies Program Clinical Epidemiology Research Center (CSP-CERC), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT,Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Frederick Sayward
- Cooperative Studies Program Clinical Epidemiology Research Center (CSP-CERC), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT,Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Giulio Genovese
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA,Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Rishab Gupta
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Krishnan Radhakrishnan
- Cooperative Studies Program Clinical Epidemiology Research Center (CSP-CERC), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT,College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Anil K Malhotra
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY,Division of Psychiatry Research, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY,Department of Psychiatry, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY
| | - Ning Sun
- Cooperative Studies Program Clinical Epidemiology Research Center (CSP-CERC), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT,Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Qiongshi Lu
- Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT,Department of Biostatistics & Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Yiming Hu
- Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Boyang Li
- Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Quan Chen
- Cooperative Studies Program Clinical Epidemiology Research Center (CSP-CERC), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT,Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Shrikant Mane
- Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Perry Miller
- Cooperative Studies Program Clinical Epidemiology Research Center (CSP-CERC), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT,Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Kei-Hoi Cheung
- Cooperative Studies Program Clinical Epidemiology Research Center (CSP-CERC), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT,Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Raquel E Gur
- Departments of Psychiatry and Child & Adolescent Psychiatry and Lifespan Brain Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine and Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - David L Braff
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA,VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA
| | | | - Eric D Achtyes
- Cherry Health and Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, MI
| | - Peter F Buckley
- School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Michael A Escamilla
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Harlingen, TX
| | - Douglas Lehrer
- Department of Psychiatry, Wright State University, Dayton, OH
| | - Dolores P Malaspina
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Steven A McCarroll
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA,Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Mark H Rapaport
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Marquis P Vawter
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Michele T Pato
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Carlos N Pato
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
| | | | - Hongyu Zhao
- Cooperative Studies Program Clinical Epidemiology Research Center (CSP-CERC), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT,Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Thomas R Kosten
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neuroscience, Pharmacology, and Immunology and Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Mary Brophy
- Massachusetts Area Veterans Epidemiology, Research, and Information Center (MAVERIC), Jamaica Plain, MA,Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Saiju Pyarajan
- Massachusetts Area Veterans Epidemiology, Research, and Information Center (MAVERIC), Jamaica Plain, MA
| | - Yunling Shi
- Massachusetts Area Veterans Epidemiology, Research, and Information Center (MAVERIC), Jamaica Plain, MA
| | - Timothy J O’Leary
- Office of Research and Development, Veterans Health Administration, Washington, DC
| | - Theresa Gleason
- Office of Research and Development, Veterans Health Administration, Washington, DC
| | - Ronald Przygodzki
- Office of Research and Development, Veterans Health Administration, Washington, DC
| | - Sumitra Muralidhar
- Office of Research and Development, Veterans Health Administration, Washington, DC
| | - J Michael Gaziano
- Massachusetts Area Veterans Epidemiology, Research, and Information Center (MAVERIC), Jamaica Plain, MA,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Grant D Huang
- Office of Research and Development, Veterans Health Administration, Washington, DC
| | - John Concato
- Cooperative Studies Program Clinical Epidemiology Research Center (CSP-CERC), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT,Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Larry J Siever
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY,University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY
| | - Mihaela Aslan
- Cooperative Studies Program Clinical Epidemiology Research Center (CSP-CERC), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT,Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Philip D Harvey
- Research Service Bruce W. Carter VA Medical Center, Miami, FL,Department of Psychiatry, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL,To whom correspondence should be addressed; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th Street, Suite 1450 Miami, FL 33136, USA; tel: (305)-243-4094, fax: (305)-243-1619, e-mail:
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