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Smith MA, Boyd A, Chan A, Clout S, des Brisay P, Dolson S, Eagalle T, Espinola S, Fairweather A, Frank S, Fruetel C, Garrido Cortes C, Hall J, Ho C, Matczak E, McCubbin S, McPhee M, Pare KA, Paris K, Richard E, Roblin M, Russell C, Snyder R, Trombley C, Schmitt T, Vandermeer C, Warne C, Welch N, Xavier-Blower C. Investigating the effect of forestry on leaf-litter arthropods (Algonquin Park, Ontario, Canada). PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178568. [PMID: 28575022 PMCID: PMC5456079 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Arthropods are the most diverse taxonomic group of terrestrial eukaryotes and are sensitive to physical alterations in their environment such as those caused by forestry. With their enormous diversity and physical omnipresence, arthropods could be powerful indicators of the effects of disturbance following forestry. When arthropods have been used to measure the effects of disturbance, the total diversity of some groups is often found to increase following forestry. However, these findings are frequently derived using a coarse taxonomic grain (family or order) to accommodate for various taxonomic impediments (including cryptic diversity and poorly resourced taxonomists). Our intent with this work was to determine the diversity of arthropods in and around Algonquin Park, and how this diversity was influenced by disturbance (in this case, forestry within the past 25 years). We used DNA barcode-derived diversity estimates (Barcode Index Number (BIN) richness) to avoid taxonomic impediments and as a source of genetic information with which we could conduct phylogenetic estimates of diversity (PD). Diversity patterns elucidated with PD are often, but not always congruent with taxonomic estimates-and departures from these expectations can help clarify disturbance effects that are hidden from richness studies alone. We found that BIN richness and PD were greater in disturbed (forested) areas, however when we controlled for the expected relationship between PD and BIN richness, we found that cut sites contained less PD than expected and that this diversity was more phylogenetically clustered than would be predicted by taxonomic richness. While disturbance may cause an evident increase in diversity, this diversity may not reflect the full evolutionary history of the assemblage within that area and thus a subtle effect of disturbance can be found decades following forestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alex Smith
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amanda Boyd
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amelia Chan
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Simonne Clout
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paulson des Brisay
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah Dolson
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thanushi Eagalle
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sean Espinola
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aaron Fairweather
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sydney Frank
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher Fruetel
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - James Hall
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chris Ho
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eryk Matczak
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sandra McCubbin
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Megan McPhee
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kate A Pare
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kelsie Paris
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ellen Richard
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Morgan Roblin
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cassandra Russell
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ryan Snyder
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carolyn Trombley
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tyler Schmitt
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Caitlin Vandermeer
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Connor Warne
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Natasha Welch
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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Telfer AC, Young MR, Quinn J, Perez K, Sobel CN, Sones JE, Levesque-Beaudin V, Derbyshire R, Fernandez-Triana J, Rougerie R, Thevanayagam A, Boskovic A, Borisenko AV, Cadel A, Brown A, Pages A, Castillo AH, Nicolai A, Glenn Mockford BM, Bukowski B, Wilson B, Trojahn B, Lacroix CA, Brimblecombe C, Hay C, Ho C, Steinke C, Warne CP, Garrido Cortes C, Engelking D, Wright D, Lijtmaer DA, Gascoigne D, Hernandez Martich D, Morningstar D, Neumann D, Steinke D, Marco DeBruin DD, Dobias D, Sears E, Richard E, Damstra E, Zakharov EV, Laberge F, Collins GE, Blagoev GA, Grainge G, Ansell G, Meredith G, Hogg I, McKeown J, Topan J, Bracey J, Guenther J, Sills-Gilligan J, Addesi J, Persi J, Layton KKS, D'Souza K, Dorji K, Grundy K, Nghidinwa K, Ronnenberg K, Lee KM, Xie L, Lu L, Penev L, Gonzalez M, Rosati ME, Kekkonen M, Kuzmina M, Iskandar M, Mutanen M, Fatahi M, Pentinsaari M, Bauman M, Nikolova N, Ivanova NV, Jones N, Weerasuriya N, Monkhouse N, Lavinia PD, Jannetta P, Hanisch PE, McMullin RT, Ojeda Flores R, Mouttet R, Vender R, Labbee RN, Forsyth R, Lauder R, Dickson R, Kroft R, Miller SE, MacDonald S, Panthi S, Pedersen S, Sobek-Swant S, Naik S, Lipinskaya T, Eagalle T, Decaëns T, Kosuth T, Braukmann T, Woodcock T, Roslin T, Zammit T, Campbell V, Dinca V, Peneva V, Hebert PDN, deWaard JR. Biodiversity inventories in high gear: DNA barcoding facilitates a rapid biotic survey of a temperate nature reserve. Biodivers Data J 2015; 3:e6313. [PMID: 26379469 PMCID: PMC4568406 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.3.e6313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Comprehensive biotic surveys, or 'all taxon biodiversity inventories' (ATBI), have traditionally been limited in scale or scope due to the complications surrounding specimen sorting and species identification. To circumvent these issues, several ATBI projects have successfully integrated DNA barcoding into their identification procedures and witnessed acceleration in their surveys and subsequent increase in project scope and scale. The Biodiversity Institute of Ontario partnered with the rare Charitable Research Reserve and delegates of the 6th International Barcode of Life Conference to complete its own rapid, barcode-assisted ATBI of an established land trust in Cambridge, Ontario, Canada. NEW INFORMATION The existing species inventory for the rare Charitable Research Reserve was rapidly expanded by integrating a DNA barcoding workflow with two surveying strategies - a comprehensive sampling scheme over four months, followed by a one-day bioblitz involving international taxonomic experts. The two surveys resulted in 25,287 and 3,502 specimens barcoded, respectively, as well as 127 human observations. This barcoded material, all vouchered at the Biodiversity Institute of Ontario collection, covers 14 phyla, 29 classes, 117 orders, and 531 families of animals, plants, fungi, and lichens. Overall, the ATBI documented 1,102 new species records for the nature reserve, expanding the existing long-term inventory by 49%. In addition, 2,793 distinct Barcode Index Numbers (BINs) were assigned to genus or higher level taxonomy, and represent additional species that will be added once their taxonomy is resolved. For the 3,502 specimens, the collection, sequence analysis, taxonomic assignment, data release and manuscript submission by 100+ co-authors all occurred in less than one week. This demonstrates the speed at which barcode-assisted inventories can be completed and the utility that barcoding provides in minimizing and guiding valuable taxonomic specialist time. The final product is more than a comprehensive biotic inventory - it is also a rich dataset of fine-scale occurrence and sequence data, all archived and cross-linked in the major biodiversity data repositories. This model of rapid generation and dissemination of essential biodiversity data could be followed to conduct regional assessments of biodiversity status and change, and potentially be employed for evaluating progress towards the Aichi Targets of the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jenna Quinn
- rare Charitable Research Reserve, Cambridge, Canada
| | - Kate Perez
- Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alex Cadel
- University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | | | - Anais Pages
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | | | - Belén Bukowski
- Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Bill Wilson
- rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Christmas Ho
- Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Dario A Lijtmaer
- Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - David Gascoigne
- rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada
| | | | | | - Dirk Neumann
- SNSB, Zoologische Staatssammlung Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Dirk Steinke
- Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Emily Damstra
- rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Gerrie Grainge
- rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada
| | | | | | - Ian Hogg
- University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | | | - Janet Topan
- Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada
| | - Jason Bracey
- rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada
| | - Jerry Guenther
- rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada
| | | | | | - Joshua Persi
- Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Kevin Grundy
- rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada
| | - Kirsti Nghidinwa
- Ministry of Environment and Tourism in Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia
| | | | | | - Linxi Xie
- The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Liuqiong Lu
- Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada
| | | | - Mailyn Gonzalez
- Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Margaret E Rosati
- Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington, United States of America
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Miriam Bauman
- rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Pablo D Lavinia
- Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Priscila E Hanisch
- Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | - Raphaëlle Mouttet
- ANSES, Laboratoire de la Santé des Végétaux, Montferrier sur Lez, France
| | - Reid Vender
- Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Ross Dickson
- rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada
| | - Ruth Kroft
- rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada
| | - Scott E Miller
- Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington, United States of America
| | | | - Sishir Panthi
- Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | | | | - Suresh Naik
- Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada
| | - Tatsiana Lipinskaya
- Scientific and Practical Center for Bioresources, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
| | | | - Thibaud Decaëns
- Université de Montpellier Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Tom Woodcock
- rare Charitable Research Reserve, Cambridge, Canada
| | - Tomas Roslin
- University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tony Zammit
- Grand River Conservation Authority, Cambridge, Canada
| | | | - Vlad Dinca
- Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada
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