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Eid SA, Elzinga SE, Guo K, Hinder LM, Hayes JM, Pacut CM, Koubek EJ, Hur J, Feldman EL. Transcriptomic profiling of sciatic nerves and dorsal root ganglia reveals site-specific effects of prediabetic neuropathy. Transl Res 2024; 270:24-41. [PMID: 38556110 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2024.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is a severe and frequent complication of obesity, prediabetes, and type 2 diabetes characterized by progressive distal-to-proximal peripheral nerve degeneration. However, a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying PN, and whether these mechanisms change during PN progression, is currently lacking. Here, gene expression data were obtained from distal (sciatic nerve; SCN) and proximal (dorsal root ganglia; DRG) injury sites of a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mouse model of obesity/prediabetes at early and late disease stages. Self-organizing map and differentially expressed gene analyses followed by pathway enrichment analysis identified genes and pathways altered across disease stage and injury site. Pathways related to immune response, inflammation, and glucose and lipid metabolism were consistently dysregulated with HFD-induced PN, irrespective of injury site. However, regulation of oxidative stress was unique to the SCN while dysregulated Hippo and Notch signaling were only observed in the DRG. The role of the immune system and inflammation in disease progression was supported by an increase in the percentage of immune cells in the SCN with PN progression. Finally, when comparing these data to transcriptomic signatures from human patients with PN, we observed conserved pathways related to metabolic dysregulation across species, highlighting the translational relevance of our mouse data. Our findings demonstrate that PN is associated with distinct site-specific molecular re-programming in the peripheral nervous system, identifying novel, clinically relevant therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie A Eid
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place 5017 AAT-BSRB, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sarah E Elzinga
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place 5017 AAT-BSRB, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kai Guo
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place 5017 AAT-BSRB, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Lucy M Hinder
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place 5017 AAT-BSRB, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - John M Hayes
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place 5017 AAT-BSRB, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Crystal M Pacut
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place 5017 AAT-BSRB, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Emily J Koubek
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place 5017 AAT-BSRB, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Junguk Hur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 1301 N Columbia Rd. Stop 9037. Rm 130W, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Eva L Feldman
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place 5017 AAT-BSRB, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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McGinley LM, Sims E, Lunn JS, Kashlan ON, Chen KS, Bruno ES, Pacut CM, Hazel T, Johe K, Sakowski SA, Feldman EL. Human Cortical Neural Stem Cells Expressing Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I: A Novel Cellular Therapy for Alzheimer's Disease. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 5:379-91. [PMID: 26744412 PMCID: PMC4807660 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent age-related neurodegenerative disorder and a leading cause of dementia. Current treatment fails to modify underlying disease pathologies and very little progress has been made to develop effective drug treatments. Cellular therapies impact disease by multiple mechanisms, providing increased efficacy compared with traditional single-target approaches. In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, we have shown that transplanted spinal neural stem cells (NSCs) integrate into the spinal cord, form synapses with the host, improve inflammation, and reduce disease-associated pathologies. Our current goal is to develop a similar "best in class" cellular therapy for AD. Here, we characterize a novel human cortex-derived NSC line modified to express insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), HK532-IGF-I. Because IGF-I promotes neurogenesis and synaptogenesis in vivo, this enhanced NSC line offers additional environmental enrichment, enhanced neuroprotection, and a multifaceted approach to treating complex AD pathologies. We show that autocrine IGF-I production does not impact the cell secretome or normal cellular functions, including proliferation, migration, or maintenance of progenitor status. However, HK532-IGF-I cells preferentially differentiate into gamma-aminobutyric acid-ergic neurons, a subtype dysregulated in AD; produce increased vascular endothelial growth factor levels; and display an increased neuroprotective capacity in vitro. We also demonstrate that HK532-IGF-I cells survive peri-hippocampal transplantation in a murine AD model and exhibit long-term persistence in targeted brain areas. In conclusion, we believe that harnessing the benefits of cellular and IGF-I therapies together will provide the optimal therapeutic benefit to patients, and our findings support further preclinical development of HK532-IGF-I cells into a disease-modifying intervention for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M McGinley
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Erika Sims
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - J Simon Lunn
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Osama N Kashlan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kevin S Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Elizabeth S Bruno
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Crystal M Pacut
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Tom Hazel
- Neuralstem, Inc., Germantown, Maryland, USA
| | - Karl Johe
- Neuralstem, Inc., Germantown, Maryland, USA
| | - Stacey A Sakowski
- A. Alfred Taubman Medical Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Eva L Feldman
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA A. Alfred Taubman Medical Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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