Abstract 1189: Association between female breast cancer period prevalence and residential exposure to environmental hazards at Hermosillo municipality, Sonora, Mexico: A retrospective observational study based on clinical databases from years 2013 to 2019 and INEGI census 2010

Background: Breast cancer is the leading cause of female cancer-related deaths in Mexico. Breast cancer risk may increase given residential exposure to environmental hazards, such as industrial-produced air pollutants (HAPs), and residual water sites (RWS). Hermosillo is one municipality with high breast cancer prevalence in Sonora, Mexico. However, the association of environmental hazards with breast cancer remains a matter of debate for this community.

Objectives: This retrospective observational study aims to evaluate associations between breast cancer period prevalence (years 2013 - 2019) and residential exposure to potentially hazardous sites (PHS) in Hermosillo.

Methods: The study collected the data from 912 female breast cancer cases from 6-year old hospital files (2013 to 2019) in Hermosillo. INEGI Census 2010 provided the PHS coordinates, and ArcGIS software (version 10.7.1) projected the data onto a map by conversion to UTM 12 N. Cluster analysis identified regions of high breast cancer period prevalence. Additionally, PHS-proximity is used as a criterion to define subpopulations of interest. The odds ratio (OR) estimated breast cancer risk among the Hermosillo subpopulations to find a difference between them. Age distribution analysis assessed putative residential exposure between PHS-exposed and non-PHS-exposed breast cancer cases.

Results: Findings indicate high-high clusters in six neighborhoods across Hermosillo, and from those, three are contiguous. Significant associations with breast cancer risk were the following: residence in highly-industrialized (≥ 7 industries) vs low-industrialized neighborhoods (≤ 6 industries) with an OR = 1.69 (1.41, 2.02) (p-value < 0.0001); residence within ≤ 4 km to gas power plants (GPP) vs those ≥ 4 km (OR = 1.55, (1.36, 1.77)) (p -value < 0.0001); residence within ≤ 3 km to RWS vs residences ≥ 3 km (OR = 1.45, (1.26, 1.66)) (p-value < 0.0001). In comparison to non-PHS-exposed locations, cumulative residential exposure to highly-industrialized neighborhoods within ≤ 4 km to GPP and RWS (PHS-exposed) had an OR = 2.29 (1.80, 2.91) (p-value < 0.0001). Moreover, older breast cancer patients (≥ 58 years old) are in PHS-exposed subpopulation.

Conclusions: This study shows a difference in breast cancer prevalence for highly industrialized neighborhoods closer to HAPs' sources (GPP) and RWS. Age distribution showed an older population in the PHS-exposed group. Further studies with larger cohorts are needed to confirm or reject these findings.

Citation Format: Diana E. Villa-Guillen, Enrique Avila-Monteverde, Jose H. Gonzalez-Zepeda, Luis F. Munguia-Ibarra, Baldemar Corral-Villegas, Karla Aguilar-Gutierrez, Cynthia Rojas-Camarena, Luis C. Durazo-Cons, Carlos D. Luque-Morales, Wendy B. Aguilar-Peraza, Jorge A. Cordon-Guillen, Leticia Garcia-Rico, Martin Jara-Marini, Ana I. Valenzuela-Quintanar, Graciela Caire-Juvera, Ivan Anduro-Corona, Eduardo Ruiz-Bustos, Jorge A. Villa-Carrillo. Association between female breast cancer period prevalence and residential exposure to environmental hazards at Hermosillo municipality, Sonora, Mexico: A retrospective observational study based on clinical databases from years 2013 to 2019 and INEGI census 2010 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 1189.