1
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Qian CX, Rezende FA. Surgical technique enhancements for successful subretinal gene therapy delivery. Can J Ophthalmol 2024; 59:e184-e187. [PMID: 37884269 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjo.2023.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia X Qian
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC.; Centre Universitaire d'Ophtalmologie, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont (CUO-HMR), Montreal, QC
| | - Flavio A Rezende
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC.; Centre Universitaire d'Ophtalmologie, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont (CUO-HMR), Montreal, QC..
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2
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Wang JC, Qian CX, Comander JI. Repair of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment in Choroideremia Secondary to Posterior Extramacular Retinal Hole. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2024; 55:9-11. [PMID: 38189797 DOI: 10.3928/23258160-20231108-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
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3
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Youn EY, Parra V, Qian CX. Asynchronous presentation and evolution of homozygous PCDH12 variant-induced exudative retinopathy in two siblings. Can J Ophthalmol 2023; 58:e271-e272. [PMID: 37536661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjo.2023.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cynthia X Qian
- Sainte-Justine Hospital/University of Montreal, Montreal, QC..
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Kherani IZ, Andrews C, Pereira JA, Moniz LS, Qian CX. Impact of inherited retinal diseases on Canadian patients and families: a mixed-methods study. Can J Ophthalmol 2023; 58:532-538. [PMID: 35905942 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjo.2022.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the physical, psychosocial, and practical challenges faced by Canadian patients with inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) and their families. DESIGN Mixed methods. PARTICIPANTS A total of 408 Canadians living with or caring for someone with an IRD (mean age = 51.4 ± 16.7 years) completed an online survey. Twenty cohort respondents participated in additional telephone interviews. METHODS The online survey was comprised of questions concerning demographics, self-reported vision, genetic testing, information preferences, health care experiences, treatment goals, and disease impact on daily life. Recruitment occurred through Fighting Blindness Canada's community database. Survey dissemination also occurred via social media and not-for-profit stakeholder outreach. Subsequent to survey completion, a subset of respondents participated in semistructured telephone interviews to further elucidate illness experience. RESULTS Respondents identified having 1 of more than 14 IRDs, with 72% specifying retinitis pigmentosa. Sixty-eight percent reported being legally blind, and more than 85% self-reported moderate to low vision or worse. IRDs impacted daily functioning, with 53% of respondents indicating that they affected employment or education. Psychological challenges were evident, with more than 70% worried about coping with daily life and more than 60% indicating fear and stress. Qualitative data described hopelessness around suitable work, loss of independence, and challenges with social interaction. Sixty-five percent reported a negative impact on family life. Many had not accessed social support services because of a lack of perceived need, awareness, or availability. CONCLUSION Canadian patients with IRDs report moderate to severe visual impairment, and both patients and their families describe an impact on psychosocial well-being and functioning during daily activities. Vision rehabilitation with a psychosocial approach is necessary, alongside facilitating access to emerging treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imaan Z Kherani
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON
| | - Chad Andrews
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON
| | | | | | - Cynthia X Qian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centre Universitaire d'Ophtalmologie (CUO), Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC..
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5
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Gauthier M, Simard AB, Polosa A, Dorfman AL, Qian CX, Lina JM, Lachapelle P. Resting state electroretinography: An innovative approach to intrinsic retinal function monitoring. Front Physiol 2022; 13:931147. [PMID: 36091360 PMCID: PMC9462834 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.931147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The electroretinogram (ERG) represents the biopotential evoked by the retina in response to a light stimulus. The flash evoked ERG (fERG) is the ERG modality most frequently used clinically to diagnose and monitor retinal disorders. We hereby present a new method to record spontaneous retinal activity, without the use of a flash stimulus, that we named the resting-state ERG (rsERG). The recordings were done in normal subjects under light- and dark-adaptation and with different background light conditions (i.e., variations of wavelength and intensity). Additionally, rsERG recordings were obtained in five patients with retinopathies. The signals were subsequently analyzed in the frequency domain, extracting both periodic (i.e., frequency peaks) and aperiodic (i.e., background trend) components of the signal. The later was further assessed through a multifractal analysis using Wavelet Leaders. Results show that, irrespective of the recording conditions used, the rsERG always includes the same 90 Hz component; a frequency component also present in the fERG response, suggesting a retinally-intrinsic origin. However, in addition, the fERGs also includes a low-frequency component which is absent in the rsERGs, a finding supporting a retinally-induced origin. Comparing rsERGs with fERGs in selected patients with various retinal disorders indicates that the two retinal signals are not always similarly affected (either as a result of underlying retinal pathology or otherwise), suggesting an added value in the assessment of retinal function. Thus, the rsERG could have a similar role in clinical visual electrophysiology as that of the resting-state EEG in neurology namely, to quantify changes in spontaneous activity that result from a given disease processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Gauthier
- >
Département de Génie Électrique, École de Technologie Supérieure, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre/Montreal Children’s Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Mercedes Gauthier,
| | - Antoine Brassard Simard
- >
Département de Génie Électrique, École de Technologie Supérieure, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre/Montreal Children’s Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Anna Polosa
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre/Montreal Children’s Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, University de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Allison L. Dorfman
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre/Montreal Children’s Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Cynthia X. Qian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, University de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Marc Lina
- >
Département de Génie Électrique, École de Technologie Supérieure, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherches en Mathématiques, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Lachapelle
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre/Montreal Children’s Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Wang JC, Qian CX, Comander JI. Repair of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment in Choroideremia Secondary to Posterior Extramacular Retinal Hole. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2022; 53:182-184. [PMID: 35417295 DOI: 10.3928/23258160-20220311-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in choroideremia is a rare occurrence. The authors present a case of a 23-year-old man with choroideremia with a near-total rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Fundus examination did not reveal any retinal breaks, but extensive preoperative optical coherence tomography detected a small posterior hole along the superior arcades. The retinal detachment was successfully managed with vitrectomy, perfluorooctane to confirm the absence of any peripheral breaks, endolaser, and 20% sulfur hexafluoride gas. Similar extramacular holes were found in the patient's other eye. Patients with choroideremia may develop posterior retinal breaks leading to retinal detachment.
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Eissing T, Stewart MW, Qian CX, Rittenhouse KD. Durability of VEGF Suppression With Intravitreal Aflibercept and Brolucizumab: Using Pharmacokinetic Modeling to Understand Clinical Outcomes. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2021; 10:9. [PMID: 34003985 PMCID: PMC8054631 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.10.4.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate whether vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)–suppression durations contribute to our understanding of clinical trial outcomes by simulating vitreous molar concentrations (Cvm) of intravitreal aflibercept (IVT-AFL) and brolucizumab (IVT-BRO) using pharmacokinetic (PK) modeling. Methods A PK model simulated Cvm after single-dose IVT-AFL, IVT-BRO, and ranibizumab (IVT-RAN), and extrapolated intraocular VEGF-suppression thresholds and durations. Vitreous PK after multidose regimens used in studies of IVT-AFL versus IVT-BRO were simulated and compared with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) data. Results Cvm peaked higher (Cmax) and decreased more quickly to the VEGF-suppression threshold and minimum (Cmin) levels with IVT-BRO than with IVT-AFL, consistent with their molar doses calculated using molecular weights and vitreous half-lives (26 kDa and 115 kDa; 4.4–5.1 and 9.1–11 days, respectively). The mean VEGF suppression durations were 71 days for IVT-AFL 2 mg and 51 (48–59) days for IVT-BRO 6 mg. Based on dosing in OSPREY (matched dosing to week [w]32 for both agents; thereafter, IVT-AFL every eight weeks [q8w] and IVT-BRO q12w for the last two doses [w32→w44 and w44→w56]), IVT-BRO showed wider Cmax-Cmin fluctuations than IVT-AFL. The IVT-BRO Cmin fell below the VEGF-suppression threshold at timepoints near w56, when decreases in BCVA were also observed. The IVT-AFL vitreous Cmin remained above the suppression threshold through w56, where BCVA gains were maintained. Conclusions The PK-modeled mean VEGF-suppression duration for IVT-BRO was substantially shorter than that published for IVT-AFL and may not be sufficient to effectively suppress VEGF throughout q12w dosing. Translational Relevance The PK modeling suggests that more patients may be maintained on ≥q12w dosing with IVT-AFL than with IVT-BRO.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael W Stewart
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Cynthia X Qian
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Kay D Rittenhouse
- Medical Affairs Ophthalmology, Bayer Consumer Care AG, Basel, Switzerland
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Wong DT, Berger AR, Bourgault S, Chen J, Colleaux K, Cruess AF, Dookeran RI, Gauthier D, Hurley B, Kapusta MA, Kertes PJ, Qian CX, Samad A, Sheidow T, Whelan JH. Imaging Biomarkers and Their Impact on Therapeutic Decision-Making in the Management of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Ophthalmologica 2021; 244:265-280. [PMID: 33823520 DOI: 10.1159/000516108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
These recommendations, produced by a group of Canadian retina experts, have been developed to assist both retina specialists and general ophthalmologists in the management of vision-threatening neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). The recommendations are based on published evidence as well as collective experience and expertise in routine clinical practice. We provide an update on practice principles for optimal patient care, focusing on identified imaging biomarkers, in particular retinal fluid, as well as current and emerging therapeutic approaches. Algorithms for delivering high-quality care and improving long-term patient outcomes are provided, with an emphasis on timely and appropriate treatment to preserve and maintain vision. In the context of nAMD, increasing macular fluid or leakage on fluorescein angiography (FA) may indicate disease activity regardless of its location. Early elimination of intraretinal fluid (IRF) is of particular relevance as it is a prognostic indicator of worse visual outcomes. Robust referral pathways for second opinion and peer-to-peer consultations must be in place for cases not responding to intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- David T Wong
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alan R Berger
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Serge Bourgault
- Department of Ophthalmology, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - John Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Kevin Colleaux
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Alan F Cruess
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Ravi I Dookeran
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Danny Gauthier
- Department of Ophthalmology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Bernard Hurley
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael A Kapusta
- Department of Ophthalmology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Peter J Kertes
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cynthia X Qian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Arif Samad
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Thomas Sheidow
- Department of Ophthalmology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - James H Whelan
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
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9
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Chorfi S, Mitchell GA, Qian CX. Retinopathy of Transcobalamin II Deficiency: Long-Term Stability with Treatment. Ophthalmology 2021; 128:992. [PMID: 33476645 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2021.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Chorfi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Grant A Mitchell
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Cynthia X Qian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
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Qian CX, Hassanaly S, Duperré J, Slim E, Harissi-Dagher M. Corrigendum to: The effect of pharmacological pupillary dilation on intraocular pressure measurement. Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology, 55 (2020), 152-158. doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjo.2019.10.002. Can J Ophthalmol 2020; 55:533-534. [PMID: 33303082 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjo.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia X Qian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que
| | - Salima Hassanaly
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que
| | - Jean Duperré
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que
| | - Elise Slim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que
| | - Mona Harissi-Dagher
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que
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Antaki F, Bachour K, Kim TN, Qian CX. The Role of Telemedicine to Alleviate an Increasingly Burdened Healthcare System: Retinopathy of Prematurity. Ophthalmol Ther 2020; 9:449-464. [PMID: 32562242 PMCID: PMC7406614 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-020-00275-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Telemedicine-based remote digital fundus imaging (RDFI-TM) offers a promising platform for the screening of retinopathy of prematurity. RDFI-TM addresses some of the challenges faced by ophthalmologists in examining this vulnerable population in both low- and high-income countries. In this review, we studied the evidence on the use of RDFI-TM and analyzed the practical framework for RDFI-TM systems. We assessed the novel technological advances that can be deployed within RDFI-TM systems including noncontact imaging systems, smartphone-based imaging tools, and deep learning algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fares Antaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centre Universitaire d'Ophtalmologie (CUO), Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Kenan Bachour
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Tyson N Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Cynthia X Qian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centre Universitaire d'Ophtalmologie (CUO), Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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Moinuddin O, Sathrasala S, Jayasundera KT, Branham KH, Chang EY, Qian CX, Recchia FM, Fahim AT, Besirli CG. Coats-like Exudative Vitreoretinopathy in Retinitis Pigmentosa: Ocular Manifestations and Treatment Outcomes. Ophthalmol Retina 2020; 5:86-96. [PMID: 32507488 DOI: 10.1016/j.oret.2020.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To provide a comprehensive review of the ocular manifestations, outcomes, and genetic findings in patients with Coats-like retinitis pigmentosa (RP). DESIGN Multicenter, retrospective, nonconsecutive case series. PARTICIPANTS Patients with a diagnosis of RP demonstrating Coats-like exudative vitreoretinopathy between January 1, 2008, and October 1, 2019. METHODS Evaluation of ocular findings at RP diagnosis and at time of presentation of Coats-like exudative vitreoretinopathy, pedigree analysis, genetic testing, retinal imaging, and anatomic outcomes after treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Visual acuity, ophthalmoscopy results, OCT results, fluorescein angiography results, and identification of genetic mutations. RESULTS Nine patients diagnosed with RP and demonstrating Coats-like exudative vitreoretinopathy were included. Median age at time of RP diagnosis was 8 years (range, 1-22 years), and median age at presentation of Coats-like exudative vitreoretinopathy was 18 years (range, 1-41 years). Seven patients were female, and 2 were male. The genetic cause of disease was identified in 6 patients. Three patients demonstrated Coats-like fundus findings at the time of RP diagnosis. Exudative retinal detachment (ERD) localized to the infratemporal periphery was present in all patients, with bilateral disease observed in 7 patients. In all treated patients, focal laser photocoagulation was used to treat leaking telangiectasias and to limit further ERD expansion. Cystoid macular edema refractory to carbonic anhydrase inhibitor therapy and ultimately amenable to treatment with intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injection was observed in 4 patients. CONCLUSIONS Coats-like vitreoretinopathy is present in up to 5% of all RP patients. The term Coats-like RP is used colloquially to describe this disease state, which can present at the time of RP diagnosis or, more commonly, develops late during the clinical course of patients with longstanding RP. Coats-like RP is distinct from Coats disease in that exudative pathologic features occur exclusively in the setting of a coexisting RP diagnosis, is restricted to the infratemporal retina, can affect both eyes, and does not demonstrate a male gender bias. Given the risk of added vision loss posed by exudative vitreoretinopathy in patients with RP, a heightened awareness of this condition is critical in facilitating timely intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Moinuddin
- W. K. Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Sanjana Sathrasala
- W. K. Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - K Thiran Jayasundera
- W. K. Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Kari H Branham
- W. K. Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Cynthia X Qian
- Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Abigail T Fahim
- W. K. Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Cagri G Besirli
- W. K. Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
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Patel TP, Kim TN, Yu G, Dedania VS, Lieu P, Qian CX, Besirli CG, Demirci H, Margolis T, Fletcher DA, Paulus YM. Smartphone-Based, Rapid, Wide-Field Fundus Photography for Diagnosis of Pediatric Retinal Diseases. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2019; 8:29. [PMID: 31171996 PMCID: PMC6543857 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.8.3.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose An important, unmet clinical need is for cost-effective, reliable, easy-to-use, and portable retinal photography to evaluate preventable causes of vision loss in children. This study presents the feasibility of a novel smartphone-based retinal imaging device tailored to imaging the pediatric fundus. Methods Several modifications for children were made to our previous device, including a child-friendly 3D printed housing of animals, attention-grabbing targets, enhanced image stitching, and video-recording capabilities. Retinal photographs were obtained in children undergoing routine dilated eye examination. Experienced masked retina-specialist graders determined photograph quality and made diagnoses based on the images, which were compared to the treating clinician's diagnosis. Results Dilated fundus photographs were acquired in 43 patients with a mean age of 6.7 years. The diagnoses included retinoblastoma, Coats' disease, commotio retinae, and optic nerve hypoplasia, among others. Mean time to acquire five standard photographs totaling 90-degree field of vision was 2.3 ± 1.1 minutes. Patients rated their experience of image acquisition favorably, with a Likert score of 4.6 ± 0.8 out of 5. There was 96% agreement between image-based diagnosis and the treating clinician's diagnosis. Conclusions We report a handheld smartphone-based device with modifications tailored for wide-field fundus photography in pediatric patients that can rapidly acquire fundus photos while being well-tolerated. Translational Relevance Advances in handheld smartphone-based fundus photography devices decrease the technical barrier for image acquisition in children and may potentially increase access to ophthalmic care in communities with limited resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan P Patel
- University of Michigan, Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Tyson N Kim
- University of Michigan, Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Gina Yu
- University of Michigan, Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Vaidehi S Dedania
- New York University School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Philip Lieu
- University of Michigan, Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Cynthia X Qian
- University of Montreal, Department of Ophthalmology, Montreal, Canada
| | - Cagri G Besirli
- University of Michigan, Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Hakan Demirci
- University of Michigan, Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Todd Margolis
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Daniel A Fletcher
- University of California, Berkeley, Department of Bioengineering and Biophysics Program, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yannis M Paulus
- University of Michigan, Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,University of Michigan, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Abalem MF, Otte B, Andrews C, Joltikov KA, Branham K, Fahim AT, Schlegel D, Qian CX, Heckenlively JR, Jayasundera T. Peripheral Visual Fields in ABCA4 Stargardt Disease and Correlation With Disease Extent on Ultra-widefield Fundus Autofluorescence. Am J Ophthalmol 2017; 184:181-188. [PMID: 29038010 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the disease extent on ultra-widefield fundus autofluorescence (UWF-FAF) in patients with ABCA4 Stargardt disease (STGD) and correlate these data with functional outcome measures. DESIGN Retrospective cross-sectional study. METHODS Setting: Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan. STUDY POPULATION Sixty-five patients with clinical diagnosis and proven pathogenic variants in the ABCA4 gene. Observational Procedures: The UWF-FAF images were obtained using Optos (200 degrees) and classified into 3 types. Functional testing included kinetic widefield perimetry, full-field electroretinogram (ffERG), and visual acuity (VA). All results were evaluated with respect to UWF-FAF classification. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Classification of UWF-FAF; area comprising the I4e, III4e, and IV4e isopters; ffERG patterns; and VA. RESULTS For UWF-FAF, 27 subjects (41.5%) were classified as type I, 17 (26.2%) as type II, and 21 (32.4%) as type III. The area of each isopter correlated inversely with the extent of the disease and all isopters were able to detect differences among UWF-FAF types (IV4e, P = .0013; III4e, P = .0003; I4e, P < .0001 = 3.93e-8). ffERG patterns and VA were also different among the 3 UWF-FAF types (P < .001 = 6.61e-6 and P < .001 = 7.3e-5, respectively). CONCLUSION Patients with widespread disease presented with more constriction of peripheral visual fields and had more dysfunction on ffERG and worse VA compared to patients with disease confined to the macula. UWF-FAF images may provide information for estimating peripheral and central visual function in STGD.
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Abalem MF, Carricondo PC, Santos HNVD, Garcia R, Qian CX, Helal J, de Souza EC, Takahashi WY. Confluent Endpoint Subthreshold Argon Laser for Serous Macular Detachment in Tilted Disc Syndrome Refractory to Anti-VEGF. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2017; 48:760-763. [PMID: 28902338 DOI: 10.3928/23258160-20170829-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A 70-year-old woman presented with 20/200 visual acuity in the right eye. Multimodal imaging revealed tilted disc syndrome (TDS) with macular serous detachment (MSD) and pigmentary changes at the temporal margin of the optic disc. Subretinal fluid persisted after three monthly intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin; Genentech, South San Francisco, CA) injections and threshold focal laser photocoagulation. Subsequently, confluent subthreshold argon laser was applied over the entire area of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) abnormalities, resulting in the resolution of subretinal fluid without recurrence through 3 years of follow-up. Subthreshold argon laser treatment may serve as a therapeutic option for MSD in TDS. Targeting leakage sites and stimulating RPE cells might help absorb subretinal fluid. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2017;48:760-763.].
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Abalem MF, Qian CX, Branham K, Schlegel D, Fahim AT, Khan NW, Heckenlively JR, Jayasundera KT. Double hyperautofluorescent ring on fundus autofluorescence in ABCA4. Ophthalmic Genet 2017; 39:87-91. [PMID: 28726568 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2017.1335330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
We report an unusual phenotype in a child with a clinical diagnosis of recessive Stargardt disease (STGD1) and two pathogenic variants in the ABCA4 gene. Typically, the diagnosis of early-onset STGD1 is challenging because children may present with a variety of fundus changes and a variable rate of progression. At the time of his initial visit, the 6-year-old boy presented with 20/200 OD (right eye) and 20/150 OS (left eye), symmetrical mild foveal atrophy without flecks on fundus exam, and foveal hypoautofluorescence surrounded by a homogeneous hyperautofluorescent background on wide-field fundus autofluorescence. Over 4 years of follow-up, the retinal atrophy continued to progress, resulting in two well-defined and concentric hyperautofluorescent rings: one ring located at the posterior pole and the other located around the peripapillary region. Visual acuity also deteriorated to counting fingers at 4ft OD and 20/500 OS. To the best of our knowledge, this phenotype has not been previously described with the ABCA4 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fernanda Abalem
- a Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences , University of Michigan Medical School , Ann Arbor , Michigan , USA.,b Department of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology , University of Sao Paulo Medical School , Sao Paulo , Brazil
| | - Cynthia X Qian
- a Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences , University of Michigan Medical School , Ann Arbor , Michigan , USA.,c Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre , University of Montreal , Montreal , Quebec , Canada
| | - Kari Branham
- a Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences , University of Michigan Medical School , Ann Arbor , Michigan , USA
| | - Dana Schlegel
- a Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences , University of Michigan Medical School , Ann Arbor , Michigan , USA
| | - Abigail T Fahim
- a Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences , University of Michigan Medical School , Ann Arbor , Michigan , USA
| | - Naheed W Khan
- a Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences , University of Michigan Medical School , Ann Arbor , Michigan , USA
| | - John R Heckenlively
- a Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences , University of Michigan Medical School , Ann Arbor , Michigan , USA
| | - K Thiran Jayasundera
- a Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences , University of Michigan Medical School , Ann Arbor , Michigan , USA
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Ma G, Duan Y, Huang X, Qian CX, Chee Y, Mukai S, Cui J, Samad A, Matsubara JA, Kazlauskas A, D'Amore PA, Gu S, Lei H. Prevention of Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy by Suppression of Phosphatidylinositol 5-Phosphate 4-Kinases. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2017; 57:3935-43. [PMID: 27472081 PMCID: PMC4974024 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.16-19405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Previous studies have shown that vitreous stimulates degradation of the tumor suppressor protein p53 and that knockdown of phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate 4-kinases (PI5P4Kα and -β) abrogates proliferation of p53-deficient cells. The purpose of this study was to determine whether vitreous stimulated expression of PI5P4Kα and -β and whether suppression of PI5P4Kα and -β would inhibit vitreous-induced cellular responses and experimental proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). Methods PI5P4Kα and -β encoded by PIP4K2A and 2B, respectively, in human ARPE-19 cells were knocked down by stably expressing short hairpin (sh)RNA directed at human PIP4K2A and -2B. In addition, we rescued expression of PI5P4Kα and -β by re-expressing mouse PIP4K2A and -2B in the PI5P4Kα and -β knocked-down ARPE-19 cells. Expression of PI5P4Kα and -β was determined by Western blot and immunofluorescence. The following cellular responses were monitored: cell proliferation, survival, migration, and contraction. Moreover, the cell potential of inducing PVR was examined in a rabbit model of PVR effected by intravitreal cell injection. Results We found that vitreous enhanced expression of PI5P4Kα and -β in RPE cells and that knocking down PI5P4Kα and -β abrogated vitreous-stimulated cell proliferation, survival, migration, and contraction. Re-expression of mouse PIP4Kα and -β in the human PI5P4Kα and -β knocked-down cells recovered the loss of vitreous-induced cell contraction. Importantly, suppression of PI5P4Kα and -β abrogated the pathogenesis of PVR induced by intravitreal cell injection in rabbits. Moreover, we revealed that expression of PI5P4Kα and -β was abundant in epiretinal membranes from PVR grade C patients. Conclusions The findings from this study indicate that PI5P4Kα and -β could be novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of PVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoen Ma
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States 2Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, United States 3Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States 4Aier School of Ophthalmology
| | - Yajian Duan
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States 2Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, United States 3Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Xionggao Huang
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States 3Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Cynthia X Qian
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, United States 3Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Yewlin Chee
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, United States 3Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Shizuo Mukai
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, United States 3Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Jing Cui
- The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Arif Samad
- Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | | | - Andrius Kazlauskas
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States 3Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Patricia A D'Amore
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States 3Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Shuyan Gu
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, Changsha Province, China
| | - Hetian Lei
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States 3Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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Qian CX, Charran D, Strong CR, Steffens TJ, Jayasundera T, Heckenlively JR. Optical Coherence Tomography Examination of the Retinal Pigment Epithelium in Best Vitelliform Macular Dystrophy. Ophthalmology 2017; 124:456-463. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Qian CX, Branham K, Khan N, Lundy SK, Heckenlively JR, Jayasundera T. Cystoid macular changes on optical coherence tomography in a patient with maternally inherited diabetes and deafness (MIDD)-associated macular dystrophy. Ophthalmic Genet 2017; 38:467-472. [PMID: 28140742 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2016.1253106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The clinical presentation and optical coherence tomography findings in a patient with maternally inherited diabetes and deafness (MIDD) are presented to highlight the presence of macular cystoid spaces in some patients with this disease. Typically, patients with MIDD demonstrate progression of a pigmentary maculopathy into areas of geographic macular atrophy. At the time of initial visit, the 30-year-old patient had large macular cystoid changes in addition to retinal pigmentary changes in both eyes. The cystoid changes responded to treatment with systemic immunosuppression and a topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (CAI), recurred when treated with topical CAI monotherapy, and finally resolved after an intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection. Over time, the retinal atrophy continued to progress, but the macular cysts did not recur. The patient received systemic immunosuppression for renal transplantation due to renal failure resulting from focal glomerulosclerosis. There was no evidence of diabetic retinopathy at any time during the five-and-a-half-year follow-up, and the patient retained good visual acuity in both eyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia X Qian
- a Kellogg Eye Center , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan , USA.,b Department of Ophthalmology, Retina Service , University of Montreal , Montreal , Quebec , Canada
| | - Kari Branham
- a Kellogg Eye Center , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan , USA
| | - Naheed Khan
- a Kellogg Eye Center , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan , USA
| | - Steven K Lundy
- a Kellogg Eye Center , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan , USA
| | | | - Thiran Jayasundera
- a Kellogg Eye Center , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan , USA
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Yonekawa Y, Qian CX, Patel AV, Kim LA, Eliott D. Occult Perforating Globe Injury Caused by Intraocular Foreign Body. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2016; 47:1162-1163. [PMID: 27977843 DOI: 10.3928/23258160-20161130-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Intraocular foreign bodies (IOFBs) may be associated with occult exit wounds. The authors present a case of a man who sustained a zipper-tooth IOFB through the cornea from a car tire explosion. CT showed an IOFB within the vitreous cavity, but the IOFB was not identified during vitrectomy. Extension of the peritomy revealed an exit wound with the foreign body lodged in the extraocular space. This case demonstrates that IOFBs can rest within the vitreous cavity after creating an exit wound, but may escape detection by being driven back out of the globe during vitrectomy due to the pressurized eye. Coexistent ocular surface and intraocular pathology often limit intraoperative visualization, but a perforating through-and-through injury should be suspected if the IOFB cannot be identified during vitrectomy. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2016;47:1162-1163.].
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Abalem MF, Machado MC, Santos HNVD, Garcia R, Helal J, Carricondo PC, Pimentel SLG, Monteiro MLR, Qian CX, Bronstein MD, Fragoso MCVB. Choroidal and Retinal Abnormalities by Optical Coherence Tomography in Endogenous Cushing's Syndrome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2016; 7:154. [PMID: 28018289 PMCID: PMC5145875 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2016.00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Cortisol has been suggested as a risk factor for choroidal thickening, which may lead to retinal changes. OBJECTIVE To compare choroidal thickness measurements using optical coherence tomography (OCT) in patients with endogenous active Cushing's syndrome (CS) and to evaluate the occurrence of retinal abnormalities in the same group of patients. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Outpatient clinic. PATIENTS Eleven female patients with CS in hypercortisolism state as determined by the presence of at least two abnormal measurements from urinary cortisol 24 h, no suppression of cortisol with low dose dexamethasone suppression test, and nocturnal salivary cortisol levels and 12 healthy controls. METHODS Choroidal and retinal morphology was assessed using OCT. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Choroidal thickness measurements and the presence of retinal changes. RESULTS The mean subfoveal choroidal thickness was 372.96 ± 73.14 µm in the patients with CS and 255.63 ± 50.70 µm in the control group (p < 0.001). One patient (9.09%) presented with central serous chorioretinopathy and one patient (9.09%) with pachychoroid pigment epitheliopathy. CONCLUSION Choroidal thickness is increased in the eyes of patients with active CS compared to healthy and matched control. Also, 18.18% of patients presented with macular changes, possibly secondary to choroidal thickening. While further studies are necessary to confirm our findings, excess corticosteroid levels seem to have a significant effect on the choroid and might be associated with secondary retinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fernanda Abalem
- Department of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Marcio Carlos Machado
- Department of Endocrinology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Endocrinology Service, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Garcia
- Department of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - John Helal
- Department of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro Carlos Carricondo
- Department of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Luis Gianotti Pimentel
- Department of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mario Luiz Ribeiro Monteiro
- Department of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cynthia X. Qian
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and cataract are two leading causes of visual impairment worldwide which often occur concurrently in the same patient. With more than 1.6 million cataract operations performed per year in the United States, many of which occur in the nearly 1.75 million individuals diagnosed with AMD, there is ample incentive to further explore the interaction between these two conditions. Notably, the role of cataract surgery on AMD development and progression is of particular interest. This review summarizes the major findings from literature focusing on the effect of cataract surgery on AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia X Qian
- Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts , USA
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Qian CX, Hassanaly S, Harissi-Dagher M. Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography in the Long-Term Follow-up and Detection of Glaucoma in Boston Type I Keratoprosthesis. Ophthalmology 2015; 122:317-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2014.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Revised: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Rezende FA, Lapalme E, Qian CX, Smith LE, SanGiovanni JP, Sapieha P. Omega-3 supplementation combined with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor lowers vitreal levels of vascular endothelial growth factor in wet age-related macular degeneration. Am J Ophthalmol 2014; 158:1071-78. [PMID: 25089351 PMCID: PMC4389631 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2014.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the influence of omega-3 supplementation on vitreous vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) levels in patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration (wet AMD) receiving intravitreal anti-VEGF treatment. DESIGN Prospective, randomized, open-label, single-center, clinical trial, consecutive interventional case series. METHODS The study included 3 cohorts with wet AMD and a control group with epiretinal membrane or macular hole. Twenty wet AMD patients being treated with anti-VEGF were randomized to daily supplementation of antioxidants, zinc, and carotenoids with omega-3 fatty acids (docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid; group 1, n = 10) or without omega-3 fatty acids (group 2, n = 10). They were compared with an anti-VEGF treatment-naïve wet AMD group (group 3, n = 10) and an epiretinal membrane or macular hole group (group 4, n = 10). Primary outcome was vitreal VEGF-A levels (at the time of anti-VEGF injection). Secondary outcomes were plasma VEGF-A and central foveal thickness. Patients with new submacular hemorrhage or any other treatment within 3 months were excluded. Final analyses included 9, 6, 7, and 8 patients in groups 1 through 4, respectively. RESULTS Patients receiving omega-3s (group 1) had significantly lower levels of vitreal VEGF-A (141.11 ± 61.89 pg/mL) when compared with group 2 (626.09 ± 279.27 pg/mL; P = .036) and group 3 (735.48 ± 216.43 pg/mL; P = .013), but similar levels to group 4 (235.81 ± 33.99 pg/mL; P=.215). All groups showed similar values for plasma VEGF-A and central foveal thickness measurements. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that omega-3 supplementation combined with anti-VEGF treatment is associated with decreased vitreal VEGF-A levels in wet AMD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavio A Rezende
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Eric Lapalme
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Cynthia X Qian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lois E Smith
- Department of Ophthalmology, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - John Paul SanGiovanni
- Clinical Trials Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Przemyslaw Sapieha
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Rezende FA, Qian CX, Sapieha P. Evaluation of the vitreous microbial contamination rate in office-based three-port microincision vitrectomy surgery using Retrector technology. BMC Ophthalmol 2014; 14:58. [PMID: 24886149 PMCID: PMC4027993 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2415-14-58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To perform a microbiological contamination analysis of the vitreous during office-based micro-incision vitrectomy surgery (MIVS) assessing whether the bacteria detected correlated with patient's ocular conjunctival flora. Methods This is a prospective, interventional, nonrandomized case series of patients undergoing office-based MIVS, anti-VEGF, and dexamethasone intravitreal injections (triple therapy) for the treatment of wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic macular edema (DME). All patients were operated at a small procedure room in an ambulatory clinic of the Department of Ophthalmology, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Conjunctival samples were done before placing the sclerotomies. The MIVS was done with a 23-gauge retractable vitrector, a 27-gauge infusion line, and a 29-gauge chandelier. Undiluted and diluted vitreous were collected for aerobic, anaerobic and fungal cultures. Outcomes measured were bacterial species identification within samples collected from the conjunctiva and the vitreous. Results Thirty-seven patients (37 eyes) were recruited and completed over 17 months of follow-up. Twenty-eight had wet AMD and nine had DME. There were 13 men and 24 women, with a mean age of 78 years. Eighteen patients (46%) had culture positive conjunctival flora. Twenty-six bacterial colonies were tabulated in total from the conjunctival swabs. All bacteria detected were gram-positive bacteria (100%), most commonly: Staphylococcus epidermitis in 11 (42%) and Corynebacterium sp. in 6 (23%). Only 1/18 patients had more than 3 species isolated, 6/18 patients had 2 species and 11/18 patients had 1 species identified on the conjunctival swab. Only 1 of the 37 undiluted midvitreous samples was culture positive, equating to a contamination rate of 2.7%. None of the diluted vitreous samples were culture positive. All cultures were negative for fungus. No serious postoperative complications occurred, including bacterial endophthalmitis, choroidal detachment, and retinal detachment. Conclusion This preliminary study of office-based MIVS gives us insights on the ocular surface microbial profile and vitreous contamination rate of performing such procedures outside the OR-controlled environment. Our initial results seem to indicate that there is little risk of bacterial translocation and contamination from the conjunctiva into the vitreous. Therefore, if endophthalmitis occurs post-operatively, the source may likely arise after the procedure. Larger studies are needed to confirm our data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavio A Rezende
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada.
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Rezende FA, Qian CX, Robert MC. Fibrovascular ingrowth after 25-gauge transconjunctival vitrectomy in proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2013; 44:405-8. [PMID: 23758324 DOI: 10.3928/23258160-20130604-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2012] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The authors describe two patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy bilaterally who were treated with transconjunctival 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for dense vitreous hemorrhage (VH). After 4 and 10 months, respectively, both developed recurrent VH. They were initially managed with in-office gas-fluid exchange and anti-VEGF intravitreal injection. Soon after gas bubble resorption, the VH recurred. Color external photos revealed engorged episcleral vessels superotemporally, and ultrasound biomicroscopy confirmed the presence of fibrovascular ingrowth (FVI) at the sclerotomy site in both patients. They were successfully treated with a slightly modified 25-gauge PPV technique. Although FVI is well-recognized following conventional 20-gauge vitrectomy, this report is the first to detail FVI arising after small-gauge transconjunctival vitrectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavio A Rezende
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness among the elderly in developed countries. Much progress has been and continues to be made in search of better visual outcomes for dry and exudative AMD. Over the past decade, the importance of vitreomacular attachments has been recognized in AMD. In this article, we better characterize and describe vitreomacular and photoreceptor-retinal pigment epithelium interface relationships in AMD among treated and untreated patients and describe the surgical options available as well as their outcomes and possible complications.
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Abstract
The electronic spectra of rhodium monohydride and monodeuteride, obtained using a molecular beam laser vaporization source, have been investigated from 400 to 500 nm, by laser excitation and dispersed fluorescence spectroscopies. The ground level of RhH is (3)Delta(3) with omega(e) approximately 2040 cm(-1) and omega(e)x(e) approximately 46 cm(-1). The corresponding RhD data are omega(e) approximately 1422 cm(-1) and omega(e)x(e) approximately 18 cm(-1). The estimated ground state bond length is r(0) = 0.159 nm. Excited states with Omega = 2, 3, and 4 have been observed. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.
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Affiliation(s)
- WJ Balfour
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, V8W 3P6, Canada
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Abstract
We report the first observation of gas-phase electronic spectra for rhodium mononitride. The RhN molecules have been produced in the reaction of laser-ablated rhodium metal with ammonia. Many vibronic bands have been studied in the 400-700 nm region using laser-induced fluorescence. Rotational analyses of the stronger of these, together with excited state lifetime measurements and Rh(14)N-Rh(15)N isotopic shifts, identify three electronic systems in the region: [15.1]1-X(1)Sigma(+), [19.5]0(+)-X(1)Sigma(+), and [22.4]0(+)-X(1)Sigma(+) with (0, 0) bands near 15 071, 19 489, and 22 385 cm(-1), respectively. The (1)Sigma(+) symmetry for the ground state agrees with theoretical predictions. Dispersed fluorescence spectra have been recorded which reveal the presence of electronic states at T = 553, 1740, and 3920 cm(-1). Copyright 2000 Academic Press.
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Affiliation(s)
- SG Fougère
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, V8W 3V6, Canada
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Balfour WJ, Fougère SG, Heuff RF, Qian CX, Zhou C. The Electronic Structure and Spectrum of RhC: New Bands in the 400-500 nm Region, Interacting (2)Sigma(+) and (2)Pi States, and Deperturbation. J Mol Spectrosc 1999; 198:393-407. [PMID: 10547322 DOI: 10.1006/jmsp.1999.7961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Rhodium monocarbide (RhC) molecules were generated using a laser ablation/supersonic molecular beam source. Laser-induced and dispersed-fluorescence (DF) techniques were used to study the visible spectrum between 400 and 530 nm. Rh(12)C/Rh(13)C isotope shifts, DF, and excited level lifetime measurements assisted in classifying the observed bands into three series: the known C(2)Sigma(+) <-- X(2)Sigma(+) system (short excited state lifetimes) and the two spin subsystems of a (2)Pi(i) <-- X(2)Sigma(+) transition (long excited state lifetimes). A time-filtering technique was employed to separate effectively emission from close-lying (2)Pi and C(2)Sigma levels. The C-X system is inherently strong; the (2)Pi(i) <-- (2)Sigma(+) system very weak. The (2)Pi(1/2) <-- (2)Sigma component is identified with the B-X system, previously taken to be of (2)Sigma(+) <-- (2)Sigma(+) symmetry. The (2)Pi(3/2) component gives rise to local perturbations in the C state. Many new bands in the (2)Pi(i) <-- X(2)Sigma(+) transition were recorded and analyzed and the interactions/perturbations among the (2)Sigma(+) and the newly established (2)Pi(i) states were examined in detail. We calculated many spectroscopic constants and other properties associated with the perturbed (mixed) levels of the (2)Pi(1/2) and (2)Sigma(+) states and compared them with the experimental data. In most of the comparisons, the calculated values are in quantitative agreement with the experimental ones. Calculations of the spin-rotation constants of the (2)Sigma(+) and the Lambda-doubling constants of the (2)Pi(1/2) suggest the involvement of remote perturbers. Theory and experiment suggest that the electronic state labels of Scullman and Kaving [J. Mol. Spectrosc. 32, 475 (1969)], i.e., A(2)Pi(r), B(2)Sigma(+), C(2)Sigma(+), and D(2)Sigma(-), should be relabeled B(2)Pi(r), D(2)Pi(3/2), E(2)Sigma(+), and D(2)Pi(1/2), respectively. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.
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Affiliation(s)
- WJ Balfour
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, V8W 3V6, Canada
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