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Datte P, Baker J, Bliss D, Butler N, Celliers P, Cohen S, Crosley M, Edwards J, Erskine D, Fratanduono D, Frieders G, Galbraith J, Hess M, Johnson D, Jones M, LeChien K, Lusk J, Myers C, McCarville T, McDonald R, Natoni G, Olson M, Raman K, Robertson G, Shelton R, Shores J, Speas S, Spencer D, de Dios EV, Wong N. The design of a line velocity interferometer for any reflector for inertial confinement experiments on the Z-machine. Rev Sci Instrum 2020; 91:043508. [PMID: 32357683 DOI: 10.1063/1.5141093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A line VISAR (Velocity Interferometer System for Any Reflector) has been designed and commissioned at the Sandia National Laboratory's Z-machine. The instrument consists of an F/2 collection system, beam transport, and an interferometer table that contains two Mach-Zehnder type interferometers and an eight channel Gated Optical Imaging (GOI) system. The VISAR probe laser operates at the 532 nm wavelength, and the GOI bandpass is 540-600 nm. The output of each interferometer is passed to an optical streak camera with four selectable sweep speeds. The system is designed with three interchangeable optics modules to select a full field of view of 1 mm, 2 mm, or 4 mm. The optical beam transport system connects the target image plane to the interferometers and the gated optical imagers. The target is integrated into a sacrificial final optics assembly that is integral to the transport beamline.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Datte
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - J Baker
- Sandia National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - D Bliss
- Sandia National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - N Butler
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - P Celliers
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - S Cohen
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - M Crosley
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - J Edwards
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - D Erskine
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - D Fratanduono
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - G Frieders
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - J Galbraith
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - M Hess
- Sandia National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - D Johnson
- Sandia National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - M Jones
- Sandia National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - K LeChien
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - J Lusk
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - C Myers
- Sandia National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - T McCarville
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - R McDonald
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - G Natoni
- Sandia National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - M Olson
- Sandia National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - K Raman
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - G Robertson
- Sandia National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - R Shelton
- Sandia National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - J Shores
- Sandia National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - S Speas
- Sandia National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - D Spencer
- Sandia National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - E Vergel de Dios
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - N Wong
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California 94551, USA
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Lazicki A, Rygg JR, Coppari F, Smith R, Fratanduono D, Kraus RG, Collins GW, Briggs R, Braun DG, Swift DC, Eggert JH. X-Ray Diffraction of Solid Tin to 1.2 TPa. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 115:075502. [PMID: 26317730 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.075502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report direct in situ measurements of the crystal structure of tin between 0.12 and 1.2 TPa, the highest stress at which a crystal structure has ever been observed. Using angle-dispersive powder x-ray diffraction, we find that dynamically compressed Sn transforms to the body-centered-cubic (bcc) structure previously identified by ambient-temperature quasistatic-compression studies and by zero-kelvin density-functional theory predictions between 0.06 and 0.16 TPa. However, we observe no evidence for the hexagonal close-packed (hcp) phase found by those studies to be stable above 0.16 TPa. Instead, our results are consistent with bcc up to 1.2 TPa. We conjecture that at high temperature bcc is stabilized relative to hcp due to differences in vibrational free energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lazicki
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J R Rygg
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - F Coppari
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - R Smith
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D Fratanduono
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - R G Kraus
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - G W Collins
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - R Briggs
- The University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - D G Braun
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D C Swift
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J H Eggert
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, USA
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