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Masiero FS, Aguiar ESV, Pereira DIB, Thyssen PJ. First Report on the Use of Larvae of Cochliomyia macellaria (Diptera: Calliphoridae) for Wound Treatment in Veterinary Practice. J Med Entomol 2020; 57:965-968. [PMID: 31819964 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjz238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Factors contributing to the delay or prevention of the natural wound healing process include infection and ineffective conventional treatment. Alternative therapies, such as the maggot debridement therapy (MDT), may be helpful for successful treatment in these cases. Aiming to disseminate information about the possibility of using other species of flies for wound treatment, besides the best known Lucilia sericata Meigen, 1826 (Diptera, Calliphoridae), we report here a successful MDT case with the application of Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius, 1775) larvae to treat an infected wound with extensive area of necrotic tissue in a dog. Five sterile larvae were applied to each square-cm of lesion and kept on the animal for only 48 h. The healing was successful, from both qualitative and quantitative points of view. The ratio of wound healing (RWH) reached almost 50% on the 5th day and 100% on the 14th day after MDT. Although the overall animal prognosis had been unfavorable, mainly due to the sepsis, the patient began to recover and had improved clinical condition from the fifth day after MDT. This study shows the importance and effectiveness of MDT in promoting faster and more complete healing of a complex wound.
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Affiliation(s)
- F S Masiero
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, 96010-900 Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - E S V Aguiar
- Hospital of Clinical Veterinary, Federal University of Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, 96010-900 Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - D I B Pereira
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, 96010-900 Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - P J Thyssen
- Department of Animal Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, 13083-825 São Paulo, Brazil
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Ely VL, Vargas AC, Costa MM, Oliveira HP, Pötter L, Reghelin MA, Fernandes AW, Pereira DIB, Sangioni LA, Botton SA. Moraxella bovis, Moraxella ovis and Moraxella bovoculi: biofilm formation and lysozyme activity. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 126:369-376. [PMID: 30142702 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to verify the formation of biofilms by Moraxella bovis, Moraxella ovis and Moraxella bovoculi isolates from ruminants. In addition, the lysozyme activity against the isolates of M. bovis, M. ovis and M. bovoculi in free form and in biofilms was determined. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, 54 isolates of Moraxella sp. obtained from bovine and ovine clinical samples were evaluated in vitro for capacity of biofilm formation and lysozyme susceptibility in planktonic and sessile cells. In addition, biofilms produced by four Moraxella sp. isolates were visualized under scanning electron microscope (SEM). It was possible to demonstrate, for the first time, the ability to form biofilms by M. ovis and M. bovoculi. The isolates of Moraxella sp. have the capacity to form biofilms in different intensities, varying among weak, moderate and strong. It was verified that the lysozyme shows activity on Moraxella sp. in planktonic form. However, on biofilms there was a reduction in the production, but without impairing its formation, and on consolidated biofilms the lysozyme did not have the capacity to eradicate the preformed biofilms. CONCLUSIONS This work shows the capacity of biofilm formation by Moraxella sp. of veterinary importance. The lysozyme susceptibility of Moraxella sp. in planktonic form shows that this enzyme has bacteriostatic activity on this micro-organism and it reduced the production of biofilms. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Based on the results, it is possible to infer that the biofilm formation capacity by Moraxella sp. and the resistance to lysozyme concentrations equal to or greater than the physiological levels of the ruminant tear may be linked not only to the capacity to colonize the conjunctiva, but also to remain in this place even after healing of the lesions, being a reservoir of Moraxella sp. in a herd.
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Affiliation(s)
- V L Ely
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - A C Vargas
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - M M Costa
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - H P Oliveira
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - L Pötter
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - M A Reghelin
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - A W Fernandes
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - D I B Pereira
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - L A Sangioni
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - S A Botton
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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Masiero FS, Aquino MFK, Nassu MP, Pereira DIB, Leite DS, Thyssen PJ. First Record of Larval Secretions of Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius, 1775) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) Inhibiting the Growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Neotrop Entomol 2017; 46:125-129. [PMID: 27696133 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-016-0444-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Maggot debridement therapy (MDT) consists on the intentional and controlled application of sterilized larvae of the order Diptera on necrotic skin lesions with the purpose of cleaning necrotic tissue and removing pathogenic bacteria. During MDT, a marked antimicrobial activity has been reported in literature specially associated with antibacterial substances from Lucilia sericata (Meigen); however, regarding Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius), little is known. This study aimed to evaluate in vitro inhibition of bacterial growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus in contact with excretions and secretions (ES) from C. macellaria larvae. Larval ES were extracted in sterile distilled water and divided in three groups: ES, containing 400 μL of autoclaved ES; ES+BAC, containing 400 μL of autoclaved ES+0.5-μL bacterial inoculum; and CONT-BAC, containing 400 μL of sterile distilled water +0.5 μL of bacterial inoculum. Aliquots of each experimental group were plated by spreading onto Petri dishes. Seedings were made at 0, 1, 2, 4, and 12 h after the extraction of ES. In ES+BAC groups, inhibition of S. aureus was verified between times 1 and 2 h and P. aeruginosa was inhibited between 0 and 4 h. There was no growth observed in any ES group. In the CONT-BAC groups, the number of colonies from time 4 h became countless for S. aureus and decreased for P. aeruginosa. As reported in the literature, we note here that ES have excellent bactericidal activity for both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, and this study shows for the first time the action of the bactericidal activity of exosecretions of C. macellaria against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- F S Masiero
- Dept of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal Univ of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
| | - M F K Aquino
- Dept of Animal Biology, State Univ of Campinas, 255 Monteiro Lobato St, 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brasil.
| | - M P Nassu
- Dept of Animal Biology, State Univ of Campinas, 255 Monteiro Lobato St, 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - D I B Pereira
- Dept of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal Univ of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
| | - D S Leite
- Dept of Genetics, Evolution and BioAgents, State Univ of Campinas, Campinas, Brasil
| | - P J Thyssen
- Dept of Animal Biology, State Univ of Campinas, 255 Monteiro Lobato St, 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brasil
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Vieira JN, Maia Filho FS, Ferreira GF, Mendes JF, Gonçalves CL, Villela MM, Pereira DIB, Nascente PS. In vitro susceptibility of nematophagous fungi to antiparasitic drugs: interactions and implications for biological control. BRAZ J BIOL 2016; 77:476-479. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.15715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The fast anthelmintic resistance development has shown a limited efficiency in the control of animal’s endoparasitosis and has promoted research using alternative control methods. The use of chemicals in animal anthelmintic treatment, in association with nematophagous fungi used for biological control, is a strategy that has proven to be effective in reducing the nematode population density in farm animals. This study aims to verify the in vitro susceptibility of the nematophagous fungi Arthrobotrys oligospora, Duddingtonia flagrans and Paecilomyces lilacinus against the antiparasitic drugs albendazole, thiabendazole, ivermectin, levamisole and closantel by using the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). MICs ranged between 4.0 and 0.031 µg/mL for albendazole, thiabendazole and ivermectin, between 0.937 and 0.117 µg/mL for levamisole, and between 0.625 and 0.034 µg/mL for closantel. The results showed that all antiparasitic drugs had an in vitro inhibitory effect on nematophagous fungi, which could compromise their action as agents of biological control. D. flagrans was the most susceptible species to all drugs.
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Fonseca AOS, Pereira DIB, Jacob RG, Maia Filho FS, Oliveira DH, Maroneze BP, Valente JSS, Osório LG, Botton SA, Meireles MCA. In Vitro Susceptibility of Brazilian Pythium insidiosum Isolates to Essential Oils of Some Lamiaceae Family Species. Mycopathologia 2014; 179:253-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11046-014-9841-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Fonseca AOS, Pereira DIB, Maia Filho FS, Osorio LG, Maroneze BP, Valente JSS, Potter L, Meireles MCA. In vitro susceptibility of zoospores and hyphae of Pythium insidiosum to antifungals. J Antimicrob Chemother 2014; 69:1564-7. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dku021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Azevedo MI, Botton SA, Pereira DIB, Robe LJ, Jesus FPK, Mahl CD, Costa MM, Alves SH, Santurio JM. Phylogenetic relationships of Brazilian isolates of Pythium insidiosum based on ITS rDNA and cytochrome oxidase II gene sequences. Vet Microbiol 2012; 159:141-8. [PMID: 22483240 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Revised: 02/28/2012] [Accepted: 03/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Pythium insidiosum is an aquatic oomycete that is the causative agent of pythiosis. Advances in molecular methods have enabled increased accuracy in the diagnosis of pythiosis, and in studies of the phylogenetic relationships of this oomycete. To evaluate the phylogenetic relationships among isolates of P. insidiosum from different regions of Brazil, and also regarding to other American and Thai isolates, in this study a total of thirty isolates of P. insidiosum from different regions of Brazil was used and had their ITS1, 5.8S rRNA and ITS2 rDNA (ITS) region and the partial sequence of cytochrome oxidase II (COX II) gene sequenced and analyzed. The outgroup consisted of six isolates of other Pythium species and one of Lagenidium giganteum. Phylogenetic analyses of ITS and COX II genes were conducted, both individually and in combination, using four different methods: Maximum parsimony (MP); Neighbor-joining (NJ); Maximum likelihood (ML); and Bayesian analysis (BA). Our data supported P. insidiosum as monophyletic in relation to the other Pythium species, and COX II showed that P. insidiosum appears to be subdivided into three major polytomous groups, whose arrangement provides the Thai isolates as paraphyletic in relation to the Brazilian ones. The molecular analyses performed in this study suggest an evolutionary proximity among all American isolates, including the Brazilian and the Central and North America isolates, which were grouped together in a single entirely polytomous clade. The COX II network results presented signals of a recent expansion for the American isolates, probably originated from an Asian invasion source. Here, COX II showed higher levels bias, although it was the source of higher levels of phylogenetic information when compared to ITS. Nevertheless, the two markers chosen for this study proved to be entirely congruent, at least with respect to phylogenetic relationships between different isolates of P. insidiosum.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Azevedo
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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Santurio JM, Argenta JS, Schwendler SE, Cavalheiro AS, Pereira DIB, Zanette RA, Alves SH, Dutra V, Silva MC, Arruda LP, Nakazato L, Colodel EM. Granulomatous rhinitis associated with Pythium insidiosum
infection in sheep. Vet Rec 2008; 163:276-7. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.163.9.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. M. Santurio
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Micológicas; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Sala 4139, Prédio 20, Avenida Roraima, 1000 Camobi Santa Maria RS 97105-900 Brazil
| | - J. S. Argenta
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Micológicas; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Sala 4139, Prédio 20, Avenida Roraima, 1000 Camobi Santa Maria RS 97105-900 Brazil
| | - S. E. Schwendler
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Micológicas; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Sala 4139, Prédio 20, Avenida Roraima, 1000 Camobi Santa Maria RS 97105-900 Brazil
| | - A. S. Cavalheiro
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Micológicas; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Sala 4139, Prédio 20, Avenida Roraima, 1000 Camobi Santa Maria RS 97105-900 Brazil
| | - D. I. B. Pereira
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Micológicas; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Sala 4139, Prédio 20, Avenida Roraima, 1000 Camobi Santa Maria RS 97105-900 Brazil
| | - R. A. Zanette
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Micológicas; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Sala 4139, Prédio 20, Avenida Roraima, 1000 Camobi Santa Maria RS 97105-900 Brazil
| | - S. H. Alves
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Micológicas; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Sala 4139, Prédio 20, Avenida Roraima, 1000 Camobi Santa Maria RS 97105-900 Brazil
| | - V. Dutra
- Departmento de Clínica Médica Veterinária; Faculdade de Agronormia e Medicina Veterinária; Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso; Av Fernando Corrêa da Costa s/n, Coxipó Cuiabá MT 78068-900 Brazil
| | - M. C. Silva
- Departmento de Clínica Médica Veterinária; Faculdade de Agronormia e Medicina Veterinária; Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso; Av Fernando Corrêa da Costa s/n, Coxipó Cuiabá MT 78068-900 Brazil
| | - L. P. Arruda
- Departmento de Clínica Médica Veterinária; Faculdade de Agronormia e Medicina Veterinária; Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso; Av Fernando Corrêa da Costa s/n, Coxipó Cuiabá MT 78068-900 Brazil
| | - L. Nakazato
- Departmento de Clínica Médica Veterinária; Faculdade de Agronormia e Medicina Veterinária; Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso; Av Fernando Corrêa da Costa s/n, Coxipó Cuiabá MT 78068-900 Brazil
| | - E. M. Colodel
- Departmento de Clínica Médica Veterinária; Faculdade de Agronormia e Medicina Veterinária; Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso; Av Fernando Corrêa da Costa s/n, Coxipó Cuiabá MT 78068-900 Brazil
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