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Sanchez-Mazas A, Nunes JM, Middleton D, Sauter J, Buhler S, McCabe A, Hofmann J, Baier DM, Schmidt AH, Nicoloso G, Andreani M, Grubic Z, Tiercy JM, Fleischhauer K. Common and well-documented HLA alleles over all of Europe and within European sub-regions: A catalogue from the European Federation for Immunogenetics. HLA 2018; 89:104-113. [PMID: 28102034 DOI: 10.1111/tan.12956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A catalogue of common and well-documented (CWD) human leukocyte antigen (HLA), previously established by the American Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics (ASHI), is widely used as indicator for typing ambiguities to be resolved in tissue transplantation or for checking the universality of any HLA allele in the world. However, European population samples, which are characterized by a substantial level of genetic variation, are underrepresented in the ASHI catalogue. Therefore, the Population Genetics Working Group of the European Federation for Immunogenetics (EFI) has facilitated data collection for an European CWD catalogue. MATERIALS AND METHODS To this end, 2nd-field HLA-A, -B, -C,- DRB1,- DQA1,- DQB1 and -DPB1 data of 77 to 121 European population samples (21 571-3 966 984 individuals) from 3 large databases, HLA-net/Gene[VA], allelefrequencies.net and DKMS, were analysed. RESULTS The total number of CWD alleles is similar in the EFI (N = 1048) and ASHI (N = 1031) catalogues, but the former counts less common (N = 236 vs 377) and more well-documented (N = 812 vs 654) alleles than the latter, possibly reflecting differences in sample numbers and sizes. Interestingly, approximately half of the CWD alleles reported by EFI were not reported by ASHI and vice-versa, underlining the distinct features of the two catalogues. Also, although 78 common alleles are widely distributed across Europe, some alleles are only common within specific sub-regions, showing regional variability. CONCLUSION Although the definition of CWD alleles itself is affected by different parameters, calling for current updates of the list, the EFI CWD catalogue provides new insights into European population genetics and will be a very useful tool for tissue-typing laboratories in and beyond Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sanchez-Mazas
- Laboratory of Anthropology, Genetics and Peopling history (AGP), Department of Genetics and Evolution-Anthropology Unit, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (IGE3), University of Geneva Medical Center (CMU), Geneva, Switzerland.,Population Genetics Working Group of the European Federation for Immunogenetics (EFI), EFI Central Office, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J M Nunes
- Laboratory of Anthropology, Genetics and Peopling history (AGP), Department of Genetics and Evolution-Anthropology Unit, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (IGE3), University of Geneva Medical Center (CMU), Geneva, Switzerland.,Population Genetics Working Group of the European Federation for Immunogenetics (EFI), EFI Central Office, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - D Middleton
- Population Genetics Working Group of the European Federation for Immunogenetics (EFI), EFI Central Office, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Transplant Immunology Laboratory, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - J Sauter
- DKMS, German Bone Marrow Center, Tübingen, Germany
| | - S Buhler
- Laboratory of Anthropology, Genetics and Peopling history (AGP), Department of Genetics and Evolution-Anthropology Unit, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Transplantation Immunology Unit and National Reference Laboratory for Histocompatibility (UIT/LNRH), Department of Genetic and Laboratory Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A McCabe
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - J Hofmann
- DKMS, German Bone Marrow Center, Tübingen, Germany
| | - D M Baier
- DKMS, German Bone Marrow Center, Tübingen, Germany
| | - A H Schmidt
- DKMS, German Bone Marrow Center, Tübingen, Germany
| | - G Nicoloso
- Swiss Transfusion Swiss Red Cross (SRC)/Swiss Blood Stem Cells, Bern, Switzerland
| | - M Andreani
- Population Genetics Working Group of the European Federation for Immunogenetics (EFI), EFI Central Office, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Transplant Biology, IME Foundation, Policlinic of the University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Z Grubic
- Population Genetics Working Group of the European Federation for Immunogenetics (EFI), EFI Central Office, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Tissue Typing Center, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - J-M Tiercy
- Population Genetics Working Group of the European Federation for Immunogenetics (EFI), EFI Central Office, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Transplantation Immunology Unit and National Reference Laboratory for Histocompatibility (UIT/LNRH), Department of Genetic and Laboratory Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - K Fleischhauer
- Population Genetics Working Group of the European Federation for Immunogenetics (EFI), EFI Central Office, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Institute for Experimental Cellular Therapy, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
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Bochtler W, Maiers M, Bakker JNA, Baier DM, Hofmann JA, Pingel J, Rist HG, Oudshoorn M, Marsh SGE, Müller CR, Hurley CK. An update to the HLA Nomenclature Guidelines of the World Marrow Donor Association, 2012. Bone Marrow Transplant 2013; 48:1387-8. [PMID: 23811817 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2013.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
For more than two decades, international cooperation and information technology have been playing key roles in the identification of suitable unrelated donors and cord blood units for hematopoietic SCT. To ensure consistent coding and interpretation of HLA data among the linked computer systems, the World Marrow Donor Association has standardized the extensions of the World Health Organization (WHO) Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system applied in practice. The first version of this report published in 2007 has become the reference for the technical validation of HLA information on donors and patients in the context of search and matching and is used by registries of volunteer unrelated hematopoietic stem cell donors and umbilical cord blood banks throughout the world. The present update became necessary after the major revision of the WHO HLA nomenclature in April 2010. It now covers issues arising when alleles are withdrawn or renamed because of the continuous updating of the WHO HLA nomenclature. In addition, formal validation and interpretation rules for the so-called 'multiple allele codes' have been added.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Bochtler
- Zentrales Knochenmarkspender-Register für Deutschland (ZKRD), Ulm, Germany
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