Resource-Efficient Measurement-Device-Independent Entanglement Witness

Imperfections in experimental measurement schemes can lead to falsely identifying, or over estimating, entanglement in a quantum system. A recent solution to this is to define schemes that are robust to measurement imperfections-measurement-device-independent entanglement witness (MDI-EW). This approach can be adapted to witness all entangled qubit states for a wide range of physical systems and does not depend on detection efficiencies or classical communication between devices. Here we extend the theory to remove the necessity of prior knowledge about the two-qubit states to be witnessed. Moreover, we tested this model via a novel experimental implementation for MDI-EW that significantly reduces the experimental complexity. By applying it to a bipartite Werner state, we demonstrate the robustness of this approach against noise by witnessing entanglement down to an entangled state fraction close to 0.4.

[Schizophrenia and cognition: a neurodevelopmental approach]

Accumulating evidence supports the hypothesis of abnormal neurodevelopment in schizophrenia. According to this hypothesis, schizophrenia is the consequence of prenatal abnormalities resulting from the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. In line with this hypothesis, several studies indicate that pregnancy and birth complications are risk factors for developing schizophrenia. At the clinical level, multiple cognitive deficits can be found in schizophrenic patients before illness onset. The neurodevelopmental hypothesis considers these cognitive deficits as the expression of early abnormalities on the central nervous system development. Consistently, brain imaging data show early structural abnormalities and abnormal progressive brain changes in schizophrenia. Finally, genetic and histological data indicate that genes associated with schizophrenia are involved in brain development.

Serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels and lipid electrophoretic patterns in intrinsic and extrinsic allergic states

This study indicates that hypertriglyceridemia and associated pre-beta hyperlipidemia (Fredrickson's type IV lipid pattern) is frequently associated with intrinsic allergic disease characterized by chemical intolerant (hypersensitivity) states, particularly of the aspirin intolerant type and to a somewhat lesser extent with the butylated hydroxyanisole and butylated hydroxytoluene intolerant type, as well as the iodide intolerant state. It confirms that diabetics suffering concomitantly with extrinsic or intrinsic allergic disease still continue to demonstrate a high occurrence of this type of hypertriglyceridemia. In contrast, pure atopic, extrinsic-allergic patients demonstrated a very low incidence of type IV hyperlipoproteinemia. The interrelationships of these findings with previously reported metabolic abnormalities in intrinsic allergic hypersensitivity states is correlated.