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Mouloud Y, Labusek N, Wang C, hanenberg H, Hermann D, Herz J, Giebel B. Exosomes/EVs: CLONAL IMMORTALIZED MESENCHYMAL STROMAL CELLS APPEAR AS AN IDEAL CELL SOURCE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF THERAPEUTIC EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES. Cytotherapy 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1465-3249(22)00256-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Iroh Tam P, Arnold SLM, Barrett LK, Chen CR, Conrad TM, Douglas E, Gordon MA, Hebert D, Henrion M, Hermann D, Hollingsworth B, Houpt E, Jere KC, Lindblad R, Love MS, Makhaza L, McNamara CW, Nedi W, Nyirenda J, Operario DJ, Phulusa J, Quinnan GV, Sawyer LA, Thole H, Toto N, Winter A, Van Voorhis WC. Clofazimine for Treatment of Cryptosporidiosis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Adults: An Experimental Medicine, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Phase 2a Trial. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 73:183-191. [PMID: 32277809 PMCID: PMC8282326 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We evaluated the efficacy, pharmacokinetics (PK), and safety of clofazimine (CFZ) in patients living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with cryptosporidiosis. Methods We performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Primary outcomes in part A were reduction in Cryptosporidium shedding, safety, and PK. Primary analysis was according to protocol (ATP). Part B of the study compared CFZ PK in matched individuals living with HIV without cryptosporidiosis. Results Twenty part A and 10 part B participants completed the study ATP. Almost all part A participants had high viral loads and low CD4 counts, consistent with failure of antiretroviral (ARV) therapy. At study entry, the part A CFZ group had higher Cryptosporidium shedding, total stool weight, and more diarrheal episodes compared with the placebo group. Over the inpatient period, compared with those who received placebo, the CFZ group Cryptosporidium shedding increased by 2.17 log2 Cryptosporidium per gram stool (95% upper confidence limit, 3.82), total stool weight decreased by 45.3 g (P = .37), and number of diarrheal episodes increased by 2.32 (P = .87). The most frequent solicited adverse effects were diarrhea, abdominal pain, and malaise. One placebo and 3 CFZ participants died during the study. Plasma levels of CFZ in participants with cryptosporidiosis were 2-fold lower than in part B controls. Conclusions Our findings do not support the efficacy of CFZ for the treatment of cryptosporidiosis in a severely immunocompromised HIV population. However, this trial demonstrates a pathway to assess the therapeutic potential of drugs for cryptosporidiosis treatment. Screening persons living with HIV for diarrhea, and especially Cryptosporidium infection, may identify those failing ARV therapy. Clinical Trials Registration NCT03341767.
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Affiliation(s)
- Py Iroh Tam
- Paediatrics and Child Health Research Group, Malawi-Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi.,Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - S L M Arnold
- Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - L K Barrett
- Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | | | - E Douglas
- Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - M A Gordon
- Paediatrics and Child Health Research Group, Malawi-Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi.,Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | - M Henrion
- Paediatrics and Child Health Research Group, Malawi-Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi.,Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - D Hermann
- Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - E Houpt
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - K C Jere
- Paediatrics and Child Health Research Group, Malawi-Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi.,Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | - M S Love
- Calibr, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - L Makhaza
- Paediatrics and Child Health Research Group, Malawi-Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi
| | | | - W Nedi
- Paediatrics and Child Health Research Group, Malawi-Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - J Nyirenda
- Paediatrics and Child Health Research Group, Malawi-Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - D J Operario
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - J Phulusa
- Paediatrics and Child Health Research Group, Malawi-Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi
| | | | | | - H Thole
- Paediatrics and Child Health Research Group, Malawi-Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - N Toto
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | - W C Van Voorhis
- Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Pataki A, Hermann D, Ingesson L, Meister H, Nadasi G, Penzel F, Reichle R, Sanchez J, Walach U. Flexible vacuum vessel bolometer camera design in ITER to adapt to the final position of the gaps between Blanket Modules. Fusion Engineering and Design 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2019.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Jaksic N, Meister H, Penzel F, Hermann D, Pataki A, Reichle R. On structural analyses of the ITER vacuum vessel bolometer camera housing conceptual design. Fusion Engineering and Design 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2018.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Penzel F, Meister H, Hermann D, Pataki A, Walcz E, Nadasi G, Szabo-Balint Z, Tatar L, Walach U, Ingesson LC, Reichle R, Sanchez J. System level design of the ITER bolometer port plug cameras. Rev Sci Instrum 2018; 89:10E109. [PMID: 30399684 DOI: 10.1063/1.5038962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The ITER bolometer diagnostic is planned to have 550 lines of sight (LOS) distributed all over the vessel. 240 channels are provided by cameras mounted in two upper ports and in one equatorial port. This paper describes the current status of the system level design of the port cameras and the solutions proposed on how to implement all required camera components while meeting a multitude of competing requirements. Sensor holders, support structures, and different apertures depending on the camera type (pinhole or collimator), cable connectors, ceramic track plates, and many mineral insulated cables have to be integrated within a restricted space envelope to guarantee functionality. The design of the internal electrical interfaces and the external mechanical mountings will be described as well. Using the example of an upper port camera with 60 LOS, the assembly of the camera components is explained and two currently discussed architecture options for the remote handling maintenance scheme in the hot cell are compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Penzel
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - H Meister
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - D Hermann
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - A Pataki
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - E Walcz
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, 29-33, Konkoly-Thege M. u., 1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - G Nadasi
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, 29-33, Konkoly-Thege M. u., 1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Z Szabo-Balint
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, 29-33, Konkoly-Thege M. u., 1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - L Tatar
- Centre for Energy Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 29-33, Konkoly-Thege M. u., 1121 Budapest, Hungary
| | - U Walach
- Fusion for Energy, c/ Josep Pla no. 2, Torres Diagonal Litoral B3, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - L C Ingesson
- Fusion for Energy, c/ Josep Pla no. 2, Torres Diagonal Litoral B3, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Reichle
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, 13067 St. Paul Lez Durance Cedex, France
| | - J Sanchez
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, 13067 St. Paul Lez Durance Cedex, France
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Hermann D, Hirth N, Reimold M, Batra A, Smolka MN, Hoffmann S, Kiefer F, Noori HR, Sommer WH, Reischl G, La Fougère C, Mann K, Spanagel R, Hansson AC. OR2-1Low μu-Opioid Receptor Status in Alcohol Dependence Identified by Combined Positron Emission Tomography and Post-Mortem Brain Analysis. Alcohol Alcohol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agx074.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Luderer M, Koopmann A, Hoffmann S, Reinhard I, Bez J, Hermann D. Erratum: Verbessert eine intensivierte ambulante Behandlung das Outcome von schwer alkoholabhängigen Patienten? Eine Pilotstudie. Suchttherapie 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1582351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Luderer
- Klinik für Abhängiges Verhalten und Suchtmedizin, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim / Universität Heidelberg
| | - A. Koopmann
- Klinik für Abhängiges Verhalten und Suchtmedizin, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim / Universität Heidelberg
| | - S. Hoffmann
- Klinik für Abhängiges Verhalten und Suchtmedizin, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim / Universität Heidelberg
| | - I. Reinhard
- Abteilung Biostatistik, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim / Universität Heidelberg
| | - J. Bez
- Klinik für Abhängiges Verhalten und Suchtmedizin, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim / Universität Heidelberg
| | - D. Hermann
- Klinik für Abhängiges Verhalten und Suchtmedizin, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim / Universität Heidelberg
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Luderer M, Koopmann A, Hoffmann S, Reinhard J, Bez J, Hermann D. Verbessert eine intensivierte ambulante Behandlung das Outcome von schwer alkoholabhängigen Patienten? Eine Pilotstudie. Suchttherapie 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-106076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Luderer
- Klinik für Abhängiges Verhalten und Suchtmedizin, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim / Universität Heidelberg
| | - A. Koopmann
- Klinik für Abhängiges Verhalten und Suchtmedizin, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim / Universität Heidelberg
| | - S. Hoffmann
- Klinik für Abhängiges Verhalten und Suchtmedizin, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim / Universität Heidelberg
| | - J. Reinhard
- Abteilung Biostatistik, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim / Universität Heidelberg
| | - J. Bez
- Klinik für Abhängiges Verhalten und Suchtmedizin, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim / Universität Heidelberg
| | - D. Hermann
- Klinik für Abhängiges Verhalten und Suchtmedizin, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim / Universität Heidelberg
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Liu Y, Lucas-Hahn A, Petersen B, Li R, Hermann D, Hassel P, Ziegler M, Li J, Larsen K, Niemann H, Callesen H. 15 HISTONE ACETYLATION PROFILE OF PORCINE EMBRYOS PRODUCED BY 2 CLONING METHODS WITH OR WITHOUT IN VITRO CULTURE. Reprod Fertil Dev 2016. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv28n2ab15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional “Dolly”-based cloned (CNT) embryos maintain zona pellucida and can be transferred early in development. Handmade cloned (HMC) embryos are zona free and are cultured to later stages for transfer. We have shown differences between HMC and CNT embryos (Rep. Fert. Dev. 26, 123), and both in vitro culture and cloning method (NT) are associated with alterations in histone acetylation. More studies are needed to clarify whether CNT and HMC embryos differ in epigenetic profiles due to NT method or culture condition. Here we investigated histone acetylation profile of NT embryos produced by CNT or HMC with or without 5 to 6 days in vitro culture, emphasising quality and gene expression in resulting embryos. Both NT methods were performed on Day 0 (D0) with same oocyte batch, donor cells, and culture medium (CNT in group, HMC in well of well). On D0, 5, and 6 after CNT (Clon. Stem Cells 10, 355) or HMC (Zygote 20, 61), all developed embryos of all morphological qualities were collected for immunostaining of H3K18ac, and on D0 and 6 for mRNA expression of the genes KAT2A/2B, EP300, HDAC1/2, DNMT1o/s, and GAPDH. Embryo quality was evaluated normal (clear inner cell mass, high cell number, no fragments) or bad (no clear inner cell mass, low cell number, fragments). Cell numbers per blastocyst were counted on D5 and 6. Differences in cell number and H3K18ac level between different groups and days were analysed by ANOVA; gene expression data were analysed by GLM (SAS version 9.3, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA). Embryo development rates of both NT methods were reported previously (Rep. Fert. Dev. 26, 123). On D5 and 6, all HMC embryos were evaluated as normal, but the CNT group contained both normal and bad embryos. Regarding cell numbers (Table 1), on D5 there was no difference between normal CNT and HMC embryos, but numbers were lower in CNT bad embryos. On D6 the blastocyst cell number was lower in both normal and bad CNT embryos compared with HMC. Regarding H3K18ac levels (Table 1), no differences were found on D5 between normal CNT and HMC embryos, but on D6 both CNT normal and bad embryos had higher H3K18ac level compared with HMC. On D0, no difference was found in mRNA expression of all 8 genes. On D6, KAT2A expression was slight increased (1.8-fold) in CNT compared with HMC embryos (P < 0.05). In conclusion, no differences were found between CNT and HMC embryos after completed NT procedure (D0) or after 5 days in vitro culture. However, differences in quality (cell number and H3K18ac) and gene expression between the 2 NT methods were observed when blastocyst expansion was initiated (D6). Thus, the 2 NT methods seem to produce embryos of similar quality, which is maintained over 5 days in vitro culture, but thereafter gene expression and histone acetylation are more active in CNT embryos.
Table 1.Cell number and H3K18ac level1
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Gaohua L, Wedagedera J, Small BG, Almond L, Romero K, Hermann D, Hanna D, Jamei M, Gardner I. Development of a Multicompartment Permeability-Limited Lung PBPK Model and Its Application in Predicting Pulmonary Pharmacokinetics of Antituberculosis Drugs. CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol 2015; 4:605-13. [PMID: 26535161 PMCID: PMC4625865 DOI: 10.1002/psp4.12034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Achieving sufficient concentrations of antituberculosis (TB) drugs in pulmonary tissue at the optimum time is still a challenge in developing therapeutic regimens for TB. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model incorporating a multicompartment permeability-limited lung model was developed and used to simulate plasma and pulmonary concentrations of seven drugs. Passive permeability of drugs within the lung was predicted using an in vitro-in vivo extrapolation approach. Simulated epithelial lining fluid (ELF):plasma concentration ratios showed reasonable agreement with observed clinical data for rifampicin, isoniazid, ethambutol, and erythromycin. For clarithromycin, itraconazole and pyrazinamide the observed ELF:plasma ratios were significantly underpredicted. Sensitivity analyses showed that changing ELF pH or introducing efflux transporter activity between lung tissue and ELF can alter the ELF:plasma concentration ratios. The described model has shown utility in predicting the lung pharmacokinetics of anti-TB drugs and provides a framework for predicting pulmonary concentrations of novel anti-TB drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Gaohua
- Simcyp Limited (a Certara company) Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - J Wedagedera
- Simcyp Limited (a Certara company) Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - B G Small
- Simcyp Limited (a Certara company) Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - L Almond
- Simcyp Limited (a Certara company) Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - K Romero
- Critical Path Institute Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - D Hermann
- Certara USA, Inc. Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - D Hanna
- Critical Path Institute Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - M Jamei
- Simcyp Limited (a Certara company) Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - I Gardner
- Simcyp Limited (a Certara company) Sheffield, United Kingdom
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Sommer WH, Pfarr S, Vollstädt-Klein S, Hermann D, Weil G, Mann K, Brown M, Hyytiä P, Canals S, Cosa-Linan A, Weber-Fahr W. SY27-2RELAPSE VULNERABILITY AS A BRAIN NETWORK STATE: STUDIES IN HUMANS AND RATS. Alcohol Alcohol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agv076.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Weil G, Vollstädt-Klein S, Hermann D, Sommer WH. Funktionale Konnektivität bei Alkoholabhängigkeit: Einfluss von Abstinenz und Naltrexonbehandlung. Suchttherapie 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1557703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Luderer M, Koopmann A, Hoffmann S, Hermann D, Kiefer F. Ist Naltrexon eine Alternative zu Disulfiram? Die intensivierte ambulante Behandlung Alkoholabhängiger. Suchttherapie 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1557635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Hermann D. Hoch dosiertes Vitamin E beim Morbus Alzheimer: Wirksamkeitsbelege unzureichend – Kontra. Akt Neurol 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1552649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Hermann
- Lehrstuhl für vaskuläre Neurologie und Demenz, Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Deutschland
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Reinhard I, Leménager T, Fauth-Bühler M, Hermann D, Hoffmann S, Heinz A, Kiefer F, Smolka MN, Wellek S, Mann K, Vollstädt-Klein S. A comparison of region-of-interest measures for extracting whole brain data using survival analysis in alcoholism as an example. J Neurosci Methods 2015; 242:58-64. [PMID: 25593047 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 01/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aggregation of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data in regions-of-interest (ROIs) is required for complex statistical analyses not implemented in standard fMRI software. Different data-aggregation measures assess various aspects of neural activation, including spatial extent and intensity. NEW METHOD In this study, conducted within the framework of the PREDICT study, we compared different aggregation measures for voxel-wise fMRI activations to be used as prognostic factors for relapse in 49 abstinent alcohol-dependent individuals in an outpatient setting using a cue-reactivity task. We compared the importance of the data-aggregation measures as prognostic factors for treatment outcomes by calculating the proportion of explained variation. RESULTS AND COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHOD(S) Relapse risk was associated with cue-induced brain activation during abstinence in the ventral striatum (VS) and in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). While various ROI measures proved appropriate for using fMRI cue-reactivity to predict relapse, on the descriptive level the most "important" prognostic factor was a measure defined as the sum of t-values exceeding an individually defined threshold. Data collected in the VS was superior to that from other regions. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, it seems that fMRI cue-reactivity, especially in the VS, can be used as prognostic factor for relapse in abstinent alcohol-dependent patients. Our findings suggest that data-aggregation measures that take both spatial extent and intensity of cue-induced brain activation into account make better biomarkers for predicting relapse than measures that consider an activation's spatial extent or intensity alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Reinhard
- Department of Biostatistics, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - T Leménager
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - M Fauth-Bühler
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - D Hermann
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - S Hoffmann
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - A Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charité Mitte, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - F Kiefer
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - M N Smolka
- Section of Systems Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - S Wellek
- Department of Biostatistics, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - K Mann
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - S Vollstädt-Klein
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany.
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Grosshans M, Lemenager T, Vollmert C, Kaemmerer N, Mutschler J, Wagner X, Kiefer F, Hermann D. EPA-0298 – Pregabalin abuse among opiate addicted patients. Eur Psychiatry 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(14)77742-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Frischknecht U, Hermann D, Tunc-Skarka N, Sack M, vanEijk J, Demirakca T, Sommer W, Mann K, Ende G, Weber-Fahr W. Translational neurobiochemistry and morphometry of the hippocampus during alcohol withdrawal in humans and rats using MR spectroscopy. Suchttherapie 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1351622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Cohen Y, Rubin AE, Liu XL, Wang WQ, Zhang YJ, Hermann D. First Report on the Occurrence of A2 Mating Type of the Cucurbit Downy Mildew Agent Pseudoperonospora cubensis in China. Plant Dis 2013; 97:559. [PMID: 30722240 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-09-12-0899-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pseudoperonospora cubensis is a foliar pathogen of cucurbits. In cucumber, it produces chlorotic, angular lesions with dark sporangia on their under-surface. The distribution of pathotypes and mating types of P. cubensis were investigated in seven provinces in China. Twenty-nine isolates were obtained from Guangdong, Anhui, Hubei, Sichuan, Shandong, Beijing, and Harbin, one to six isolates from each province. They were collected from cucumber during summer 2011, except those from Harbin, which were collected from cucumber in summer 2012. Isolates were tested for pathogenicity and mating type. Pathogenicity was tested by inoculation of detached leaves of: cucumber (Cucumis sativum cvs. Bet-Alpha, SMR18), melon (Cucumis melo reticulatus cv. Ananas-Yokneam), pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima cv. Tripoli), squash (Cucurbita pepo, cv. Beruti), butternut gourd (Cucurbita moschata cv. Waltham), watermelon (Citrullus lanatus, cv. Malali), and sponge gourd (Luffa cylindrica, cultivar unknown). Mating type was determined by oospore production in melon leaf discs inoculated with mixed sporangia of a test isolate and A1 or A2 tester isolates, as recently described (2). The results showed that 22 isolates belonged to pathotype 3, sporulating on cucumber and melon; five isolates belonged to pathotype 6, sporulating on cucumber, melon, pumpkin, squash, and butternut gourd; one isolate belonged to pathotype 5, sporulating on the above five species and watermelon (1), and one isolate was capable of sporulating on the mentioned five species and sponge gourd, herein called pathotype 7. Of the 29 isolates tested, 22 belonged to the A1 mating type, six to the A2 mating type, and one did not produce oospores with either testers. Of the six A2 isolates, two originated from Sichuan, one from Beijing, and three from Harbin. All 22 isolates belonging to pathotype 3 were A1, whereas the other six isolates (four pathotype 6, one pathotype 5, and one pathotype 7) were A2. Crosses made between Chinese isolates belonging to opposite mating types resulted in the formation of abundant oospores in detached melon or cucumber leaves. The results prove that the A2 mating type of P. cubensis occurs in China. This explains the abundant occurrence of oospores of P. cubensis in nature in China (4). The data corroborate with Runge et al. (3), who suggested that the recent changes in the population structure of P. cubensis around the world resulted from the migration of a new genotype of P. cubensis from the Far East to Europe and the U.S.A. In Israel, a new pathotype attacking both Cucumis and Cucurbita appeared in 2002 (1), and A2 mating type first appeared in 2010 (2). References: (1) Y. Cohen et al. Phytoparasitica 31:458, 2003. (2) Y. Cohen and A. E. Rubin. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 132:577, 2012. (3) F. Runge et al. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 129:135, 2011. (4) Y. J. Zhang et al. J. Phytopathol. 160:469, 2012.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Cohen
- Faculty of Life Sciences Bar-Ilan University Ramat Gan, Israel 52100
| | - A E Rubin
- Faculty of Life Sciences Bar-Ilan University Ramat Gan, Israel 52100
| | - X L Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology, Agricultural University of China, Beijing
| | - W Q Wang
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hebei, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Y J Zhang
- North Eastern University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - D Hermann
- Syngenta Crop Protection, Stein, Switzerland
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Hermann
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstr.
6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - H. Emerich
- SBNL at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP 220, 6 rue Horowitz, F-38043 Grenoble, France
| | - R. Lepski
- Physics I, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - D. Schaniel
- Université de Lorraine, CRM2, UMR 7036, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, F-54506, France
- CNRS, CRM2, UMR 7036, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy,
F-54506, France
| | - U. Ruschewitz
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstr.
6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
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Talluri TR, Hermann D, Barg-Kues B, Debowski K, Behr R, Ivics Z, Hall VJ, Rasmussen MA, Hyttel P, Niemann H, Kues WA. 305 TRANSPOSON-MEDIATED REPROGRAMMING OF LIVESTOCK SOMATIC CELLS TO INDUCED PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS. Reprod Fertil Dev 2013. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv25n1ab305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The elusive nature of embryonic stem cells in livestock makes reprogramming of somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells a promising approach for targeted genetic modifications. The first attempts to produce iPS cells from livestock species were made using retro- and lentiviral vectors, which are associated with an increased risk of insertional mutagenesis and which are not easily removable after reprogramming. Here, we describe a nonviral method for the derivation of porcine and bovine iPS cells, using Sleeping Beauty (SB) and piggyBac (PB) transposon systems. The transposons encode the murine or primate reprogramming factors OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, MYC, and LIN28, separated by self-cleaving peptide sequences, respectively. In addition, the PB transposon cassette contains a NANOG-cDNA. The SB or PB transposon-reprogrammed porcine iPS cells expressed typical markers of embryonic stem cells (SSEA1, SSEA4, TRA-1-60, and endogenous stemness genes), showed long-term proliferation under feeder-free culture conditions, differentiated into cell types of the 3 germ layers in vitro, and formed teratomas after subcutaneous injection into immune-deficient nude mice. Both transposon systems are currently being tested in bovine fibroblasts. The results are a major step towards the derivation of authentic porcine and bovine iPS cells, in which the transposon transgenes can be eliminated after reprogramming.
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Lundstrom K, Rotmann D, Hermann D, Schlaeger EJ. Safety aspects related to recombinant protein expression from Semliki Forest virus vectors. Cytotechnology 2012; 35:213-21. [PMID: 22358861 DOI: 10.1023/a:1013171905908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Semliki Forest virus vectors (SFV) have been developed for efficient transgene expression to result in high receptor yields(50-200 pmol receptor/mg protein) in a variety of mammalian host cells. Transfer of the SFV technology to mammalian cells growing in suspension cultures has made it feasible to produce hundreds of milligrams of receptor proteins in a short time. Large-scale production, however, raises the questions of the safety of handling virally infected cells for down-stream processing. Analysis of cell culture medium and SFV-infected cells revealed that some infectious particles were still present. Replacement of virus-containing medium at 2 h post-infection efficiently removed the majority of infectious replication-deficient SFV particles. Washes with PBS further reduced the number of infectious particles significantly both in the medium and associated with cells to levels that allowed safe handling of SFV-infected cells outside the cell culture facility for biochemical, pharmacological, or electrophysiological assays or down-stream processes in connection to receptor purification. Furthermore, engineering of novel temperature-sensitive mutant SFV vectors resulted in temperature-controlled transgene expression, which completely eliminates the risk of contaminating laboratory personnel.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Lundstrom
- Research Laboratories, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, CH-4070, Basel, Switzerland,
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Fox SC, May JA, Johnson A, Hermann D, Strieter D, Hartman D, Heptinstall S. Effects on platelet function of an EP3 receptor antagonist used alone and in combination with a P2Y12 antagonist both in-vitro and ex-vivo in human volunteers. Platelets 2012; 24:392-400. [PMID: 22866894 DOI: 10.3109/09537104.2012.704648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
EP3 receptor antagonists may provide a new approach to the treatment of atherothrombotic disease by blocking the ability of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) to promote platelet function acting via EP3 receptors. DG-041 is an EP3 antagonist in the early stage of clinical development. Here, we quantitated effects on platelet function of DG-041 in-vitro and ex-vivo after administration to man when given alone and concomitantly with clopidogrel or clopidogrel and aspirin. With its unique mechanism of action, it was anticipated that DG-041 would potentiate inhibition of platelet function when given in combination with clopidogrel without materially increasing bleeding time. Initially, in-vitro studies were performed to determine inhibitory effects of DG-041 (3 µM) used alone or in combination with the P2Y12 antagonist cangrelor (1 µM), both without and with aspirin (100 µM). Platelet aggregation and P-selectin expression were measured in whole blood (n = 10) following stimulation with the thromboxane A2 (TXA2) mimetic U46619 (0.3 or 1 µM) in combination with either the EP3 agonist sulprostone (0.1 µM), or PGE2 (1 µM). DG-041 alone partially inhibited platelet function in-vitro, as did cangrelor. Addition of both DG-041 and cangrelor in combination provided significantly greater inhibition. An ex-vivo study was then performed using the same experimental approaches. This clinical study was a prospective, randomised, blinded (for DG-041/matching placebo), blocked, crossover study designed to compare the effects of DG-041, clopidogrel, or the combination of DG-041 with either clopidogrel or clopidogrel and aspirin. Healthy volunteers (n = 42) were randomly assigned to receive no background treatment, clopidogrel (300 mg loading dose plus 75 mg daily) or clopidogrel and aspirin (75 mg daily) for 10 days alongside DG-041 (200 mg twice daily) or placebo for 5 days, crossed over to placebo or DG-041 for the next 5 days. Platelet effects and bleeding time were measured at baseline, days 5 and 10. DG-041 partially inhibited platelet function ex-vivo, as did clopidogrel, while administration of both DG-041 and clopidogrel provided significantly greater inhibition. Administration of DG-041 alone did not increase bleeding time, and did not significantly affect the increased bleeding time seen with clopidogrel or clopidogrel with aspirin. Using these experimental approaches, the antiplatelet effects of DG-041 and a P2Y12 antagonist used alone and in combination can be determined both in-vitro and ex-vivo. Results show inhibitory effects of DG-041 on platelet function acting via EP3 receptor blockade, confirmed to be additional to those brought about by P2Y12 blockade. In both in-vitro and ex-vivo studies, aspirin neither promoted nor negated the effects of the other drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Fox
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
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Velazquez MA, Hermann D, Kues WA, Niemann H. Increased apoptosis in bovine blastocysts exposed to high levels of IGF1 is not associated with downregulation of the IGF1 receptor. Reproduction 2011; 141:91-103. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-10-0336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The hypothesis that high concentrations of IGF1 can impair embryo development was investigated in a bovine in vitro model to reflect conditions in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients. Embryos were either cultured in the absence or presence of a physiological (100 ng/ml) or supraphysiological (1000 ng/ml) IGF1 concentration. Cell allocation, apoptosis, transcript and protein expression of selected genes involved in apoptosis, glucose metabolism and the IGF system were analysed. Supraphysiological IGF1 concentration did not improve blastocyst formation over controls, but induced higher levels of apoptosis, decreased TP53 protein expression in the trophectoderm and increased the number of cells in the inner cell mass (ICM). The increase in ICM cells corresponded with an increase in IGF1 receptor (IGF1R) protein in the ICM. A small, but significant, percentage of blastocysts displayed a hypertrophic ICM, not observed in controls and virtually absent in embryos treated with physiological concentrations of IGF1. Physiological IGF1 concentrations increased total IGF1R protein expression and upregulated IGFBP3 transcripts leading to an increase in blastocyst formation with no effects on cell number or apoptosis. In conclusion, the results support the hypothesis of detrimental effects of supraphysiological IGF1 concentrations on early pregnancy. However, our results do not support the premise that increased apoptosis associated with high levels of IGF1 is mediated via downregulation of the IGF1R as previously found in preimplantation mouse embryos. This in vitro system with the bovine preimplantation embryo reflects critical features of fertility in PCOS patients and could thus serve as a useful model for in-depth mechanistic studies.
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Hermann D. Neues zur Alzheimer-Demenz. Akt Neurol 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1248561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Croissant B, Diehl A, Hermann D, Mann K. P03-201 - Quetiapine in alcohol relapse prevention - a case series. Eur Psychiatry 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(10)71255-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Wicking M, Todica O, Eng K, Kiper D, Bellebaum C, Daum I, Hermann D. Kognitive Defizite und motorische Funktionserholung nach Basalganglieninfarkten. Akt Neurol 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1238638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Koppe T, Cardella A, Reich J, Missal B, Hein B, Krause R, Jenzsch H, Hermann D, Schrader M, Eeten P, Di Bartolo G, Leher F, Binni A, Segl J, Camin R, Giordano L, Egloff B, Ridzewski J, Corniani G. Manufacturing and assembly status of main components of the Wendelstein 7-X cryostat. Fusion Engineering and Design 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2008.12.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Hermann D, Both M, Ebert U, Gross G, Schoemaker H, Draguhn A, Wicke K, Nimmrich V. Synaptic transmission is impaired prior to plaque formation in amyloid precursor protein-overexpressing mice without altering behaviorally-correlated sharp wave-ripple complexes. Neuroscience 2009; 162:1081-90. [PMID: 19477243 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2009] [Revised: 05/20/2009] [Accepted: 05/20/2009] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
One of the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease is the accumulation of amyloid plaques in brains of affected patients. Several recent studies provided evidence that soluble oligomer forms of amyloid-beta (Abeta) rather than plaques determine cognitive decline. In vitro studies using artificial Abeta oligomer preparations suggest that such pathophysiology is caused by a specific impairment of synaptic function. We examined whether synaptic deficits occur before deposition of insoluble fibrillar Abeta by analyzing brain slices taken from young Tg2576 mice overexpressing mutant amyloid precursor protein. Excitatory synaptic transmission in the hippocampal CA1 region was strongly impaired before plaque development, suggesting a dissociation of an early synaptic impairment, probably caused by soluble oligomeric amyloid-beta, from subsequent plaque formation. At higher age neurotransmission was also decreased in wild type mice, paralleling a cognitive decline of normal aged animals. Memory formation in rats is accompanied by distinct hippocampal network oscillations. It has recently been shown that hippocampal gamma oscillations, a network correlate of exploratory behavior, are impaired in amyloid precursor protein (APP)-overexpressing mice. We determined whether sharp wave-ripple complexes, which contribute to memory consolidation during slow wave-sleep, are modified in Tg2576 mice. Interestingly, neither sharp waves nor superimposed ripples were changed at pre-plaque or plaque stages. During aging, however, there was a strong reduction of sharp wave frequency and ripple energy in wild type and APP-overexpressing animals. This indicates that the reported changes in network oscillations following APP-overexpression are specific for gamma oscillations, whereas aging has a more general effect on network properties. Taken together our data suggest that non-fibrillar forms of Abeta--possibly Abeta oligomers--specifically interfere with synaptic function in Tg2576, but do not globally alter memory-related network properties. We propose that mechanisms leading to Abeta-related cognitive decline are different from those related to aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hermann
- Neuroscience Research, Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott, D-67061, Ludwigshafen, Germany
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Diehl A, Nakovics H, Mutschler J, Hermann D, Kiefer F. Rivastigmine reduces tobacco craving in alcohol-dependent smokers. Pharmacopsychiatry 2009; 42:89-94. [PMID: 19452376 DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1103295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although alcohol-dependent smokers represent an important group for applying smoking interventions, a sufficient pharmacotherapy has not been established in this high-risk group so far. METHODS In order to examine the effect of the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor rivastigmine on tobacco dependence, we performed a 12-week, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. 26 alcohol-dependent smokers were randomized to rivastigmine 6 mg/day (n=14) or placebo (n=12). Assessments on addictive behavior included carbon monoxide (CO), severity of tobacco dependence (FTND), daily smoked cigarettes (diaries), and craving for tobacco (QSU) and alcohol (AUQ). RESULTS ANOVA revealed a significant treatment-by-time interaction for tobacco consumption and tobacco craving (each p<0.0001). The rivastigmine group showed a decrease in daily smoked cigarettes (-30%), in exhaled carbon monoxide (-32%) and in tobacco craving (-18%) whereas controls did not show significant changes. ANCOVA revealed rivastigmine effects to be more prominent in smokers suffering from more severe tobacco dependence. None of the patients developed an alcohol relapse or an increase in alcohol craving. DISCUSSION Our preliminary data indicate an effect of rivastigmine on tobacco craving and consumption. This pilot study encourages further investigation of acetylcholinesterase-inhibitors as a promising treatment approach regarding tobacco dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Diehl
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Square J 5, Mannheim 68159, Germany.
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Grosshans M, Mutschler J, Hermann D, Kiefer F, Diehl A. Is Varenicline Able to Prevent Smoking Cessation Induced Affective Symptoms? Eur Psychiatry 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70656-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The selective alpha4-beta2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) partial agonist varenicline has been shown to be effective in the treatment of tobacco dependence by counteracting withdrawal symptoms and reducing smoking reward. However, the need to test safety, especially in smokers with varying co-morbidities and risk patterns is highlighted. There are some publications reporting exacerbation of psychiatric symptoms in subjects with pre-existing psychiatric disorders associated with varenicline treatment.This case-report describes a patient whose several smoking cessation attempts led to enduring nicotine-related symptoms such as depression and suicidal tendencies. All further cessation attempts under medical control with nicotine patches, bupropion and psychotherapy failed. At lest reducing her daily dose by one cigarette already led to suicidal thoughts. We took her into inpatient treatment and started an uptitration with varenicline. Unlike earlier attempts there were no complications during the detoxication and depressive symptoms improved clearly.Affective symptoms like depression are known to develop during nicotine cessation. The improving of affective symptoms in this case might be a result of the partial agonistic effects of varenicline.
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Croissant B, Hermann D, Mann K. Opioid withdrawal symptoms: Low efficacy of non-opioid drugs. Eur Psychiatry 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2008.01.768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Croissant B, Klein O, Gehrlein L, Kniest A, Hermann D, Diehl A, Mann K. Quetiapine in relapse prevention in alcoholics suffering from craving and affective symptoms: a case series. Eur Psychiatry 2007; 21:570-3. [PMID: 17161284 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2006.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Quetiapine is a novel antipsychotic, which is efficacious in the treatment of positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia. Research has shown that atypical antipsychotic also reduce the craving and consumption for stimulants and alcohol. Due to Quetiapine's particulars and the promising receptor profile concerning addiction medicine, we set out to examine the tolerability and efficacy concerning relapse prevention of withdrawn alcoholics suffering from craving and affective symptoms. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Our case observations attempted to evaluate nine alcoholics after withdrawal suffering from persisting craving, sleep disorder, excitement, depressive symptoms or anxiety symptoms. The patients were treated with quetiapine as relapse prevention and we followed them up in our outpatient clinic. RESULTS Eight out of nine patients were abstinent under quetiapine over a period of 2-7 months. One of these patients relapsed after he stopped taking the preparation at his own initiative after 10 weeks. The ninth patient stopped taking the preparation immediately because of swollen nasal mucosae. All target symptoms disappeared in the patients after an average of (mean+/-S.D.) 24.5+/-18.1 days. The overall tolerability was considered to be very good; however, initial sleepiness appeared in four patients. CONCLUSION Although uncontrolled case observations can only be interpreted with caution quetiapine seems to deserve further investigation and may hold the potential for preventing alcohol relapse in alcoholics suffering from additional above-mentioned symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Croissant
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, J 5, D-68159 Mannheim, Germany.
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Svarcova O, Maddox-Hyttel P, Niemann H, Hermann D, Rasmussen Z, Petrovicova I, Strejcek F, Laurincik J. 5 NUCLEOLAR DEVELOPMENT REQUIRES TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVITY DURING PORCINE EMBRYONIC GENOME ACTIVATION. Reprod Fertil Dev 2007. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv19n1ab5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of a functional nucleolus accompanying the major embryonic genome activation (EGA) is considered a marker for embryo quality and viability. However, the use of this marker is limited by the lack of accurate knowledge of the biology of embryonic nucleologenesis. The objective of this study was to elucidate the role of RNA polymerase I (RPI) and total transcriptional activity, reflecting EGA, for nucleologenesis in in vivo-developed porcine embryos. Late 4-cell-stage embryos were cultured in the absence (control) or presence of actinomycin D (AD; 0.2 �g mL-1, 3 h for RPI inhibition; 2.0 �g mL-1, 3 h for total transcriptional inhibition). Late 2-cell-stage embryos were cultured to the late 4-cell stage with 0.2 �g mL-1 AD (long-term inhibition) to prevent EGA. Embryos were fixed at the late 4-cell stage and processed for RT-PCR (de novo synthesized rRNA), autoradiography (ARG, following culture with 3H-uridine for the last 20 min before fixation), TEM, FISH (probe-labeling rRNA and rDNA), silver staining of nucleolar proteins, and immunofluorescence for RPI. Control embryos displayed typical extranucleolar and nucleolar ARG labeling, fibrillo-granular nucleoli, and focal RPI localization signaling de novo rRNA synthesis in functional nucleoli, confirmed by RT-PCR. All nuclei showed large FISH clusters (rRNA and rDNA) that in 88% of the cases were co-localized with large foci of silver-stained nucleolar proteins. After RPI inhibition, only extranucleolar ARG labeling was detected and, instead of fibrillo-granular nucleoli, a segregated dense-fibrillar component and a granular component, but no fibrillar centers, were observed. RPI was dispersed in all nuclei, the number of nuclei presenting large FISH clusters decreased to 40%, and only 42% of nuclei showed nucleolar proteins localized to large foci. After total transcriptional inhibition and long-term inhibition, the nuclei did not display any ARG labeling and presented inactive nucleolus precursor bodies indicating lack of rRNA (RT-PCR) and total RNA synthesis. However, 40% of the nuclei in both groups presented large FISH clusters of rRNA. This rRNA is considered as partially processed residues of maternally inherited molecules, and their clustering is most likely independent of EGA. Inhibition of transcriptional activity at the time of EGA caused the dispersion of RPI (de novo synthesized) but did not influence the localization of silver-stained nucleolar proteins to large foci (41%). On the other hand, EGA inhibition caused the lack of RPI labeling and hampered the localization of nucleolar proteins to foci. Differences between these 2 groups could be due to the activation of RNA polymerase II before the 3-h AD treatment. In conclusion, RPI transcription and de novo protein synthesis are required for formation of functional nucleoli. However, the clustering of maternally inherited nucleolar transcripts is independent on transcriptional activity at the time of EGA. Failure in constituent RNA polymerase activation during EGA leads to pattern-specific changes in nucleologenesis, which may serve as a marker for early embryo quality.
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Sartorius A, Hermann D, Welzel H, Walter S, Skopp G, Diehl A, Ende G, Mann K. Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia alterations in cannabis consumers using proton MR spectroscopy. Pharmacopsychiatry 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-918826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Croissant B, Hermann D, Olbrich R. Reduction of Side Effects by Combining Clozapine with Amisulpride: Case Report and Short Review of Clozapine-Induced Hypersalivation. Pharmacopsychiatry 2005; 38:38-9. [PMID: 15706466 DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-837771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Side effects from a high-dose clozapine treatment for a schizophrenic patient led to massive compliance problems. The dose of clozapine could be halved without recurrence of an acute psychotic symptomatology by concomitantly administering amisulpride. The side effects, especially hypersalivation, disappeared almost entirely, which in turn led to good compliance. In a short review we would like to present the pathophysiology and therapeutic options of clozapine-induced hypersalivation.
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Heinz A, Siessmeier T, Wrase J, Hermann D, Gr??sser SM, Flor H, Braus DF, Buchholz HG, Gr??nder G, Schreckenberger M, Smolka MN, R??sch F, Mann K, Bartenstein P. CENTRAL PROCESSING OF ALCOHOL CUES AND CRAVING CORRELATE WITH DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTORS IN VENTRAL STRIATUM. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2004. [DOI: 10.1097/00000374-200408002-00410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Wrase J, Klein S, Hermann D, Gruesser SM, Flor H, Braus DF, Mann K, Heinz A. Relapse and gender specific activation of the striatum in alcohol dependent patients. Pharmacopsychiatry 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-825567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Croissant B, Brosi K, Hermann D, Mann K. Arzneimittelinduzierter Kopfschmerz und Schmerzmittelentzug mit Amitriptylin bei einem 11-j�hrigen Sch�ler. Der Nervenarzt 2004; 75:489-91. [PMID: 15282848 DOI: 10.1007/s00115-003-1596-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We report on an 11-year-old pupil who present-ed to a neurological practice in the company of his parents because of migraine and strong headaches. Precise anamnesis of drugs yielded the diagnosis of a drug-induced headache with underlying migraine disease. The boy was afflict-ed with a hereditary taint, as both parents also suffered from migraine. The mother was also continuously in treatment because of a chronic pain disorder. Therapy with up to 50 mg per day of amitriptyline enabled the boy to stop consuming analgesics without suffering from head-aches. Moreover, under 47.5 mg per day of metoprolol, the migraine symptoms did not re-occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Croissant
- Klinik für Abhängiges Verhalten und Suchtmedizin, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Mannheim.
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Hermann D, Heinz A, Croissant B, Mann K. Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Provoked Recurrence of Alcohol Hallucinosis - Remission with Additive Amisulpride Medication. Pharmacopsychiatry 2004; 37:90-2. [PMID: 15048618 DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-815532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Wang Y, Kilic E, Kilic Ü, Bassetti C, Marti H, Hermann D. Brain-selective VEGF overexpression induces post-ischemic neuroprotection, but also facilitates hemodynamic steal phenomena. Akt Neurol 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-832992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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41
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Hermann D, Selic C, Siccoli M, Werth E, Pollmächer T, Bassetti C. Plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha, soluble TNF receptor-1 and -2 are elevated in acute ischemic stroke patients with sleep apnea. Akt Neurol 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-833510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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42
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Selic C, Siccoli M, Hermann D, Werth E, Bassetti C. Evolution of blood pressure and clinical findings in the first 3 days after acute ischemic stroke in patients with and without moderate-severe sleep apnea. Akt Neurol 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-833509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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43
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Hermann D, Ramkumar SS, Seshaiyer P, Parameswaran S. Frictional study of woven fabrics: The relationship between the friction and velocity of testing. J Appl Polym Sci 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/app.20213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Kilic E, Kilic Ü, Matter C, Lüscher T, Bassetti C, Hermann D. Aggravation of focal cerebral ischemia by tissue-plasminogen activator is reversed by rosuvastatin - role of endothelial NO synthase. Akt Neurol 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-832995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Kilic Ü, Kilic E, Soliz J, Gassmann M, Bassetti C, Hermann D. Neuron-selective erythropoietin (Epo) overexpression protects against transient focal ischemia and retinal ganglion cell axotomy in mice - role of Akt, Erk-1/2 and Jnk signaling. Akt Neurol 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-833379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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46
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Siccoli M, Selic C, Hermann D, Werth E, Summers P, Järmann T, Kollias S, Bassetti C. Acute ischemic stroke and sleep apnea: evolution of clinical findings, diffusion-weighted MRI, and blood pressure in the first 3 days after stroke onset. Akt Neurol 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-833508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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47
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Hermann D, Siccoli M, Schmid D, Werth E, Summers P, Järmann T, Kollias S, Bassetti C. Akuter ischämischer Schlaganfall und Schlafapnoe: Entwicklung der klinischen Befunde, diffusionsgewichtete MRI und Blutdruck in den ersten drei Tagen nach dem Schlaganfall. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2003. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-816450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Wrase J, Grüsser SM, Klein S, Diener C, Hermann D, Flor H, Mann K, Braus DF, Heinz A. Development of alcohol-associated cues and cue-induced brain activation in alcoholics. Eur Psychiatry 2002; 17:287-91. [PMID: 12381499 DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(02)00676-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to develop new standardized alcohol-associated cues and assess their effects on brain activation with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Pictures of alcoholic and neutral beverages and affectively neutral pictures were presented to 44 abstinent alcoholics and 37 age-matched healthy control subjects. We assessed the skin conductance response, and the elicited arousal and valence. Alcoholics and control subjects did not differ in arousal, valence or skin conductance response evoked by alcohol-associated and affectively neutral stimuli, while nonalcoholic beverages were rated as more unpleasant and arousing by alcoholics compared with control subjects. In the fMRI pilot study, alcohol and abstract pictures were presented to six abstinent alcoholics and induced a significant activation of brain areas associated with visual emotional processes such as the fusiform gyrus, parts of the brain reward system (basal ganglia and orbitofrontal gyrus) and further brain regions in the frontal and parietal cortices associated with the attention network. These observations suggest that standardized pictures of alcoholic beverages can be used to assess brain circuits involved in the processing and evaluation of alcohol cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wrase
- Department of Psychiatry of the Charité, Humboldt-University of Berlin, Schumannstr. 20/21, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
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Braus DF, Wrase J, Grüsser S, Hermann D, Ruf M, Flor H, Mann K, Heinz A. Alcohol-associated stimuli activate the ventral striatum in abstinent alcoholics. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2002; 108:887-94. [PMID: 11515754 DOI: 10.1007/s007020170038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol-associated cues may act as conditioned stimuli that activate the brain reward system and motivate alcohol intake in alcoholics. Alcohol-associated visual stimuli were presented during functional magnetic resonance imaging. An activation of the ventral putamen was observed in alcoholics but not in control subjects. Patients with a strong activation of the ventral putamen relapsed during the next three months. This observation supports the hypothesis that alcohol use affects areas involved in brain reward circuits and that their stimulus-induced activation may be associated with an increased risk for relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- D F Braus
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Federal Republic of Germany
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Lederbogen F, Hermann D, Hewer W, Henn FA. Thyroid function test abnormalities in newly admitted psychiatric patients residing in an iodine-deficient area: patterns and clinical significance. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2001; 104:305-10. [PMID: 11722306 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0447.2001.00328.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The prevalence of abnormal in-vitro thyroid function tests in psychiatric in-patients may be as high as 24%. Thus far, however, there is only limited data addressing the underlying causes of these abnormal test results, i.e. how often they can be attributed to genuine thyroid disease. METHOD We conducted an observational study of all in-patients admitted to our institution during 1 calendar year running analyses of total thyroxin (T4), free thyroxin index (FTI) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Patients with abnormal test results were classified according to an algorithm which had been established previously. RESULTS In 243 of 880 patients with in-vitro thyroid function analysis, at least one concentration of either T4, FTI or TSH was found to be outside the reference range. Work-up according to the algorithm was completed in 848 patients; alterations were classified as representing thyroid dysfunction in 100 (41% of patients with abnormal test results), non-specific findings in 92 (38%), influence of ingested drugs in 18 (7%) and of severe physical disease in 1 (0.4%). As measures of T4 and/or FTI provided no essential information in 854 patients (97% of tested), we found that in most cases the determination of TSH alone was sufficient for demonstrating normal thyroid function. CONCLUSION In 27.6% of newly admitted patients living in an iodine-deficient area, at least one abnormal result in either T4, FTI or TSH values was found. Genuine thyroid disease was found in slightly less than half the patients with an abnormal value.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Lederbogen
- Department of Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, J5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
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