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Kaur N, Kumar R, Singh A, Shobha D, Das AK, Chaudhary D, Kaur Y, Kumar P, Sharma P, Singh B. Improvement in nutritional quality of traditional unleavened flat bread using Quality Protein Maize. Front Nutr 2022; 9:963368. [PMID: 36505234 PMCID: PMC9727395 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.963368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Maize grains are consumed majorly in the form of unleavened flat bread (chapatti) in the South East Asian region. The landraces are better accepted for their chapatti-making attributes such as grain color and good organoleptic properties. However, these cultivars are low in essential amino acids, particularly lysine and tryptophan content. Hence, an investigation was performed to identify maize genotypes with high nutritional value coupled with good chapatti-making qualities. Seven genotypes, comprising two Quality Protein Maize (QPM) hybrids, two normal maize hybrids, and three normal white maize landraces were assessed for their physical characteristics, proximate composition, and chapatti-making quality. Landrace 593 showed the highest protein and ash content. Flours obtained from different genotypes were significantly different (p ≤ 0.001) in terms of protein content, color value, textural, as well as mineral content. PMH 10 and IQMH 203 exhibited the highest and lowest hydration index, respectively. Two QPM hybrids showed significantly higher lysine and tryptophan content as compared to other genotypes. QPM hybrids were identified as the promising material with improved nutritional quality with respect to chapatti making. In combination with mustard greens, maize chapatti constitutes an important traditional delicacy in north India. The enhanced nutritional quality of QPM chapattis is an added advantage. We show the differentiation of chapattis made from QPM and normal maize using a rapid protocol developed previously. This is expected to enable the development and quality control of commercial enterprises based on high protein quality QPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navjot Kaur
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Maize Research, Ludhiana, India
| | - Ramesh Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Maize Research, Ludhiana, India,*Correspondence: Ramesh Kumar, ,
| | - Alla Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Maize Research, Ludhiana, India
| | - D. Shobha
- AICRP on Post Harvest Engineering and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, India
| | | | | | - Yashmeet Kaur
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Maize Research, Ludhiana, India
| | - Pardeep Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Maize Research, Ludhiana, India
| | - Priti Sharma
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Baljit Singh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
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Shobha D, Adiga M, Rani DD, Kannan S, Nethra SS. Comparison of Upper Lip Bite Test and Ratio of Height to Thyromental Distance with Other Airway Assessment Tests for Predicting Difficult Endotracheal Intubation. Anesth Essays Res 2018; 12:124-129. [PMID: 29628567 PMCID: PMC5872848 DOI: 10.4103/aer.aer_195_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Unanticipated difficult intubation or the failed intubation in operating room and in emergency department is an imperative source of anesthesia-related patient's mortality. The aim of this study is to compare the predictive value of upper lip bite test (ULBT) and ratio of height to thyromental distance (RHTMD) with other commonly used preoperative airway assessment tests for predicting difficult intubation in Indian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this prospective, single-blinded observational study, 260 adult patients of either sex, belonging to American Society of Anesthesiologists physical Status I and II undergoing elective surgical procedure under general anesthesia were included in the study. ULBT, RHTMD, inter-incisor gap, modified Mallampati grade, horizontal length of the mandible, head and neck movements, sternomental distance, and TMD were assessed preoperatively and correlated with Cormack and Lehane's grading during laryngoscopy under anesthesia. Statistical analysis was done by Chi-square and Fisher's exact test. RESULTS ULBT and RHTMD had highest sensitivity (66.7% and 63.3%), specificity (99.1% and 89.6%), positive predictive value (90.9% and 44.2%), and negative predictive value (96.9% and 95.0%), respectively, when compared to other parameters in predicting difficult airway. CONCLUSION ULBT and RHTMD may be used as a simple bedside airway assessment tools for prediction of difficult intubation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Shobha
- Department of Anesthesiology, Bengaluru Medical College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Maitri Adiga
- Department of Anesthesiology, Bengaluru Medical College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - D. Devika Rani
- Department of Anesthesiology, Bengaluru Medical College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sudheesh Kannan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Bengaluru Medical College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - S. S. Nethra
- Department of Anesthesiology, Bengaluru Medical College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Shobha D, Vijayalakshmi D, Asha KJ. Effect of maize based composite flour noodles on functional, sensory, nutritional and storage quality. J Food Sci Technol 2015; 52:8032-40. [PMID: 26604375 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-015-1890-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 05/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
To explore the feasibility of utilization of maize flour in noodle preparation, eight different combinations (T1 to T8) with varied amount of maize flour (MF), refined wheat flour (RWF), rice flour (RF), wheat gluten (WG), soya protein isolate (SPI), kansui (Sodium Carbonates), potato starch (PS) were extruded to standardize good quality noodles. Among various combinations tested, the combination T5 (50 %MF + 30 %RWF + 10 %SPI + 7 %RF + 3 %WG) was rated the best for appearance (8.3) colour (8.25) taste (8.5) elasticity (8.3) with an overall acceptability of 8.2 on a nine point hedonic rating sensory scale. There was no significant difference in normal noodle (NN) and Quality protein maize (QPM) noodle (QN) for T5 with respect to sensory characteristics when compared to control noodle (CN) prepared out of refined wheat flour. The cooked yield was more for maize based noodle (234 g NN and 220 g QN) with lower cooking loss of 7.80 and 7.76 respectively for NN & QN. The nutritional composition of maize noodles revealed that addition of 10 % soya protein isolate had increased the protein content of noodles to the tune of 16.6 and 12.7 % in QN and NN respectively. The soluble (3.18NN, 3.76QN) and insoluble fiber (21.67NN, 21.87QN) contents of both NN & QN was significantly more compared to CN (0.15 and 9.3 g).There was non- significant increase in moisture and peroxide values up to 3 months of storage with high overall acceptable sensory scores (4.0, 4.1, & 4.2 respectively for NN, QN and CN but beyond third month of storage the increase was significant. However the noodles were within the acceptable range up to 6 months of storage with an overall acceptability score of 3.0, 3.4 and 3.2 for NN, QN and CN respectively on a five point hedonic scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Shobha
- AICRP (Maize), Zonal Agricultural Research Station, V.C. Farm, Mandya, India
| | - D Vijayalakshmi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, UAS, GKVK, Bangalore, Karnataka India
| | - K J Asha
- AICRP (Maize), Zonal Agricultural Research Station, V.C. Farm, Mandya, India
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Shobha D, kumar HVD, Sreeramasetty TA, Puttaramanaik, Gowda KTP, Shivakumar GB. Storage influence on the functional, sensory and keeping quality of quality protein maize flour. J Food Sci Technol 2014; 51:3154-62. [PMID: 26396307 PMCID: PMC4571204 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-012-0788-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/27/2012] [Accepted: 07/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Apart from nutritional values functional and sensory properties affect the behavior of food system and its acceptability for consumption during storage. Hence keeping quality of maize flour (HQPM-7) with and without lime treatment(control) was studied in terms of functional (bulk density, pH, swelling capacity, water and oil absorption capacity, least gelation concentration, peroxide value), sensory (appearance, color, taste, texture, mouth feel and overall acceptability) and rolling parameters (water absorption by flour, rolling quality, diameter after baking ) for a period of 6 months under room temperature (25 ± 5 °C) in two types of packages viz, LDPE cover (P) and plastic box (B). Physical parameters such as length, breadth and thickness (11.26-10.52 mm, 9.67-9.14 mm, & 4.72-3.95 mm) were reduced in lime treated grains compared to control. Significant increase (p ≤ 0.05) in ash content of lime treated flour (1.67 ± 0.01 g) was observed compared to control (1.5 ± 0.02 g). Calcium content of lime treated maize flour increased significantly (p ≤ 0.05) from 48 to 136 mg. There is a significant reduction in functional properties of flour after 3 and 2 months irrespective in polyethylene cover and plastic box. The properties like rolling quality, diameter after baking and water uptake by the flour were reduced significantly (p ≤ 0.05) after 4 months of storage in treated and after 1 month in control samples. Sensory scores of roti (dry pan cake) decreased significantly after 3 months of storage with an overall acceptability score of 4.0 and 3.4. In control samples mean taste (3.6), mouth feel (3.8) as well as OAA scores (3.8) decreased after second month. Hence lime treated maize flour with added nutritional benefits is suitable for making rotis of good palatability and can be stored in LDPE covers up to 3 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Shobha
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Agricultural Sciences, ZARS, VC Farm, Mandya, 571 405 Karnataka India
| | - H. V. Dileep kumar
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Agricultural Sciences, ZARS, VC Farm, Mandya, 571 405 Karnataka India
| | - T. A. Sreeramasetty
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Agricultural Sciences, ZARS, VC Farm, Mandya, 571 405 Karnataka India
| | - Puttaramanaik
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Agricultural Sciences, ZARS, VC Farm, Mandya, 571 405 Karnataka India
| | - K. T. Pandurange Gowda
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Agricultural Sciences, ZARS, VC Farm, Mandya, 571 405 Karnataka India
| | - G. B. Shivakumar
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Agricultural Sciences, ZARS, VC Farm, Mandya, 571 405 Karnataka India
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Chari M, Vinu A, Shobha D, Sang LC, Aldeyab S, Mukkanti K. Room-Temperature Multicomponent Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydroquinoxalin-2-amine Derivatives Using Highly Ordered 3D Nanoporous Aluminosilicate Catalyst. Synlett 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1260957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Chari MA, Shobha D, Kenawy ER, Al-Deyab SS, Reddy BS, Vinu A. Nanoporous aluminosilicate catalyst with 3D cage-type porous structure as an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.07.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Chari MA, Sadanandam P, Shobha D, Mukkanti K. A simple, mild, and efficient procedure for high-yield synthesis of benzimidazoles using coppertriflate as catalyst. J Heterocycl Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Shobha D, Chari M, Mano A, Selvan S, Mukkanti K, Vinu A. Synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-ones (DHPMs) using mesoporous aluminosilicate (AlKIT-5) catalyst with cage type pore structure. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.10.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Shobha D, Chari MA, Ahn K. An efficient Biginelli one-pot synthesis of new benzoxazole-substituted dihydropyrimidinones and thiones catalysed by trifluoro acetic acid under solvent-free conditions. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2009.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Shobha D, Chari MA, Mukkanti K, Ahn KH. Silica gel-supported sulfuric acid catalyzed synthesis of 1,5-benzodiazepine derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Shobha D, Chari MA, Sadanandam P, Mukkanti K. Dichloro dicyano quinone (DDQ) as coupling reagent for high yield synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones. J Heterocycl Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570450448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Chari MA, Shobha D, Syamasundar K. Silica gel / NaHSO4: An efficient and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for high yield synthesis of 1,5-benzodiazepine derivatives under microwave irradiation. J Heterocycl Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570440431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Chari MA, Shobha D, Mukkanti K. Silica gel/FeCl3: An efficient and recyclable heterogenous catalyst for one step synthesis of 4(3H)-quinazolinones under solvent free conditions. CATAL COMMUN 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2006.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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chari MA, Shobha D, Kumar TK, Dubey PK. Bismuth (III) nitrate catalyzed one-pot synthesis of 3,4-dihydro-pyrimidin-2-(1H)-ones: An improved protocol for the Biginelli reaction. ARKIVOC 2005. [DOI: 10.3998/ark.5550190.0006.f11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Lakshmi A, Shobha D, Lakshminarayanan L. Prevention of caries by pulsed CO2 laser pre-treatment of enamel: an in-vitro study. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2001; 19:152-6. [PMID: 12396093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the caries inhibitory potential of carbon dioxide laser and explore the effect of the number of pulses used to correlate caries inhibition. Caries free human mandibular molars were irradiated with carbon-dioxide laser of wavelength 10.6 microm at 5, 15, 25, 50 and 100 pulses. Simulated caries lesions were allowed to form by immersing the teeth in artificial caries medium for three weeks. Thin sections of 75 microns were obtained by using hard tissue microtome. These sections were observed under polarizing microscope, caries lesions were identified and their depth was measured. These values were subjected to statistical analysis. The results showed that carbon-dioxide laser irradiation can inhibit caries like lesion upto 82.7% and it was optimal at 25 pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lakshmi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai
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