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Feuerer N, Carvajal Berrio DA, Billing F, Segan S, Weiss M, Rothbauer U, Marzi J, Schenke-Layland K. Raman Microspectroscopy Identifies Biochemical Activation Fingerprints in THP-1- and PBMC-Derived Macrophages. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10050989. [PMID: 35625726 PMCID: PMC9139061 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10050989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) The monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1 and primary monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) are popular in vitro model systems to study human innate immunity, wound healing, and tissue regeneration. However, both cell types differ significantly in their origin and response to activation stimuli. (2) Resting THP-1 and MDMs were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon γ (IFNγ) and analyzed by Raman microspectroscopy (RM) before and 48 h after activation. Raman data were subsequently analyzed using principal component analysis. (3) We were able to resolve and analyze the spatial distribution and molecular composition of proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids in resting and activated THP-1 and MDMs. Our findings reveal that proinflammatory activation-induced significant spectral alterations at protein and phospholipid levels in THP-1. In MDMs, we identified that nucleic acid and non-membrane-associated intracellular lipid composition were also affected. (4) Our results show that it is crucial to carefully choose the right cell type for an in vitro model as the nature of the cells itself may impact immune cell polarization or activation results. Moreover, we demonstrated that RM is a sensitive tool for investigating cell-specific responses to activation stimuli and monitoring molecular changes in subcellular structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Feuerer
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department for Medical Technologies and Regenerative Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (N.F.); (D.A.C.B.); (K.S.-L.)
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany; (F.B.); (S.S.); (M.W.); (U.R.)
| | - Daniel A. Carvajal Berrio
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department for Medical Technologies and Regenerative Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (N.F.); (D.A.C.B.); (K.S.-L.)
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies”, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Florian Billing
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany; (F.B.); (S.S.); (M.W.); (U.R.)
| | - Sören Segan
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany; (F.B.); (S.S.); (M.W.); (U.R.)
| | - Martin Weiss
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany; (F.B.); (S.S.); (M.W.); (U.R.)
- Department of Women’s Health, Research Institute of Women’s Health, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Rothbauer
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany; (F.B.); (S.S.); (M.W.); (U.R.)
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Julia Marzi
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department for Medical Technologies and Regenerative Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (N.F.); (D.A.C.B.); (K.S.-L.)
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany; (F.B.); (S.S.); (M.W.); (U.R.)
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies”, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-707-1298-5204
| | - Katja Schenke-Layland
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department for Medical Technologies and Regenerative Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (N.F.); (D.A.C.B.); (K.S.-L.)
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany; (F.B.); (S.S.); (M.W.); (U.R.)
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies”, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Medicine/Cardiology, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Piccirillo G, Feuerer N, Carvajal Berrio DA, Layland SL, Reimer Hinderer S, Bochicchio B, Schenke-Layland K. Hyaluronic Acid-Functionalized Hybrid Gelatin-Poly-L-Lactide Scaffolds with Tunable Hydrophilicity. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2021; 27:589-604. [PMID: 34693733 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2021.0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we describe the production of hybrid gelatin-poly-L-lactide electrospun scaffolds whose hydrophilicity was controlled by binding increasing concentrations of hyaluronic acid (HA). We show that cross-linking has advantages over coating when aiming to functionalize the scaffolds with HA. The here described scaffolds structurely mimicked the complexity of the extracellular matrix, and when excited by second harmonic generation, they produced a signal that is typical of collagen-containing biological fibers. Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) was used to marker-independently monitor the growth of human dermal fibroblasts on the electrospun scaffolds using reduced (phosphorylated) nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide as target. Benefitting from the different fluorescence lifetimes of the polymer and the endogenous cellular fluorophore, we were able to distinguish and separate the signals produced by the cells from the signals generated by the electrospun scaffolds. FLIM further allowed the detection of metabolic differences in the cells seeded on the HA-functionalized scaffolds compared with cells that were cultured on nonfunctionalized control scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germano Piccirillo
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department for Medical Technologies and Regenerative Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nora Feuerer
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department for Medical Technologies and Regenerative Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University Tübingen, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Daniel A Carvajal Berrio
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department for Medical Technologies and Regenerative Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies," Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Shannon L Layland
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department for Medical Technologies and Regenerative Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Svenja Reimer Hinderer
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department for Medical Technologies and Regenerative Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University Tübingen, Reutlingen, Germany
| | | | - Katja Schenke-Layland
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department for Medical Technologies and Regenerative Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University Tübingen, Reutlingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies," Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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3
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Sevgi F, Brauchle EM, Carvajal Berrio DA, Schenke-Layland K, Casadei N, Salker MS, Riess O, Singh Y. Imaging of α-Synuclein Aggregates in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease Using Raman Microspectroscopy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:664365. [PMID: 34568310 PMCID: PMC8461246 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.664365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the formation of Lewy bodies in the brain. Lewy bodies are rich in the aggregated form of misfolded α-Synuclein (α-Syn). The brain from PD patients can only be analyzed after postmortem, therefore, limiting the diagnosis of PD to the manifestation of motor symptoms. In PD patients and animal models, phosphorylated α-Syn was detected in the peripheral tissues including the gut, thus, raising the hypothesis that early-stage PD could be diagnosed based on colon tissue biopsies. Non-invasive marker-free technologies represent ideal methods to potentially detect aggregated α-Syn in vivo. Raman microspectroscopy has been established for the detection of molecular changes such as alterations of protein structures. Using Raman imaging and microspectroscopy, we analyzed the olfactory bulb in the brain and the muscularis mucosae of colon tissue sections of a human BAC-SNCA transgenic (TG) rat model. Raman images from TG and WT rats were investigated using principal component analysis (PCA) and true component analysis (TCA). Spectral components indicated protein aggregates (spheroidal oligomers) in the TG rat brain and in the colon tissues even at a young age but not in WT. In summary, we have demonstrated that Raman imaging is capable of detecting α-Syn aggregates in colon tissues of a PD rat model and making it a promising tool for future use in PD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fide Sevgi
- Department of Women's Health, Research Institute for Women's Health, Eberhard Karls Tübingen University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Eva M Brauchle
- Department of Women's Health, Research Institute for Women's Health, Eberhard Karls Tübingen University, Tübingen, Germany.,Natural and Medical Sciences Institute (NMI), Tübingen University, Reutlingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Daniel A Carvajal Berrio
- Department of Women's Health, Research Institute for Women's Health, Eberhard Karls Tübingen University, Tübingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katja Schenke-Layland
- Department of Women's Health, Research Institute for Women's Health, Eberhard Karls Tübingen University, Tübingen, Germany.,Natural and Medical Sciences Institute (NMI), Tübingen University, Reutlingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Nicolas Casadei
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, Eberhard Karls Tübingen University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Madhuri S Salker
- Department of Women's Health, Research Institute for Women's Health, Eberhard Karls Tübingen University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Olaf Riess
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, Eberhard Karls Tübingen University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Yogesh Singh
- Department of Women's Health, Research Institute for Women's Health, Eberhard Karls Tübingen University, Tübingen, Germany.,Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, Eberhard Karls Tübingen University, Tübingen, Germany
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4
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Holl M, Becker L, Keller AL, Feuerer N, Marzi J, Carvajal Berrio DA, Jakubowski P, Neis F, Pauluschke-Fröhlich J, Brucker SY, Schenke-Layland K, Krämer B, Weiss M. Laparoscopic Peritoneal Wash Cytology-Derived Primary Human Mesothelial Cells for In Vitro Cell Culture and Simulation of Human Peritoneum. Biomedicines 2021; 9:176. [PMID: 33578986 PMCID: PMC7916778 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Peritoneal mucosa of mesothelial cells line the abdominal cavity, surround intestinal organs and the female reproductive organs and are responsible for immunological integrity, organ functionality and regeneration. Peritoneal diseases range from inflammation, adhesions, endometriosis, and cancer. Efficient technologies to isolate and cultivate healthy patient-derived mesothelial cells with maximal purity enable the generation of capable 2D and 3D as well as in vivo-like microfluidic cell culture models to investigate pathomechanisms and treatment strategies. Here, we describe a new and easily reproducible technique for the isolation and culture of primary human mesothelial cells from laparoscopic peritoneal wash cytology. We established a protocol containing multiple washing and centrifugation steps, followed by cell culture at the highest purity and over multiple passages. Isolated peritoneal mesothelial cells were characterized in detail, utilizing brightfield and immunofluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry as well as Raman microspectroscopy and multivariate data analysis. Thereby, cytokeratin expression enabled specific discrimination from primary peritoneal human fibroblasts. Raman microspectroscopy and imaging were used to study morphology and biochemical properties of primary mesothelial cell culture compared to cryo-fixed and cryo-sectioned peritoneal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Holl
- Department of Women’s Health, Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (M.H.); (L.B.); (N.F.); (J.M.); (D.A.C.B.); (P.J.); (F.N.); (J.P.-F.); (S.Y.B.); (K.S.-L.); (B.K.)
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany;
| | - Lucas Becker
- Department of Women’s Health, Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (M.H.); (L.B.); (N.F.); (J.M.); (D.A.C.B.); (P.J.); (F.N.); (J.P.-F.); (S.Y.B.); (K.S.-L.); (B.K.)
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies, Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Keller
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany;
| | - Nora Feuerer
- Department of Women’s Health, Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (M.H.); (L.B.); (N.F.); (J.M.); (D.A.C.B.); (P.J.); (F.N.); (J.P.-F.); (S.Y.B.); (K.S.-L.); (B.K.)
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany;
| | - Julia Marzi
- Department of Women’s Health, Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (M.H.); (L.B.); (N.F.); (J.M.); (D.A.C.B.); (P.J.); (F.N.); (J.P.-F.); (S.Y.B.); (K.S.-L.); (B.K.)
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany;
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies, Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Daniel A. Carvajal Berrio
- Department of Women’s Health, Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (M.H.); (L.B.); (N.F.); (J.M.); (D.A.C.B.); (P.J.); (F.N.); (J.P.-F.); (S.Y.B.); (K.S.-L.); (B.K.)
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies, Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Jakubowski
- Department of Women’s Health, Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (M.H.); (L.B.); (N.F.); (J.M.); (D.A.C.B.); (P.J.); (F.N.); (J.P.-F.); (S.Y.B.); (K.S.-L.); (B.K.)
| | - Felix Neis
- Department of Women’s Health, Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (M.H.); (L.B.); (N.F.); (J.M.); (D.A.C.B.); (P.J.); (F.N.); (J.P.-F.); (S.Y.B.); (K.S.-L.); (B.K.)
| | - Jan Pauluschke-Fröhlich
- Department of Women’s Health, Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (M.H.); (L.B.); (N.F.); (J.M.); (D.A.C.B.); (P.J.); (F.N.); (J.P.-F.); (S.Y.B.); (K.S.-L.); (B.K.)
| | - Sara Y. Brucker
- Department of Women’s Health, Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (M.H.); (L.B.); (N.F.); (J.M.); (D.A.C.B.); (P.J.); (F.N.); (J.P.-F.); (S.Y.B.); (K.S.-L.); (B.K.)
| | - Katja Schenke-Layland
- Department of Women’s Health, Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (M.H.); (L.B.); (N.F.); (J.M.); (D.A.C.B.); (P.J.); (F.N.); (J.P.-F.); (S.Y.B.); (K.S.-L.); (B.K.)
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany;
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies, Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Medicine/Cardiology, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Bernhard Krämer
- Department of Women’s Health, Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (M.H.); (L.B.); (N.F.); (J.M.); (D.A.C.B.); (P.J.); (F.N.); (J.P.-F.); (S.Y.B.); (K.S.-L.); (B.K.)
| | - Martin Weiss
- Department of Women’s Health, Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (M.H.); (L.B.); (N.F.); (J.M.); (D.A.C.B.); (P.J.); (F.N.); (J.P.-F.); (S.Y.B.); (K.S.-L.); (B.K.)
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany;
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Zbinden A, Layland SL, Urbanczyk M, Carvajal Berrio DA, Marzi J, Zauner M, Hammerschmidt A, Brauchle EM, Sudrow K, Fink S, Templin M, Liebscher S, Klein G, Deb A, Duffy GP, Crooks GM, Eble JA, Mikkola HKA, Nsair A, Seifert M, Schenke‐Layland K. Nidogen-1 Mitigates Ischemia and Promotes Tissue Survival and Regeneration. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2021; 8:2002500. [PMID: 33643791 PMCID: PMC7887579 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202002500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia impacts multiple organ systems and is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in the developed world. Ischemia disrupts tissue homeostasis, driving cell death, and damages tissue structure integrity. Strategies to heal organs, like the infarcted heart, or to replace cells, as done in pancreatic islet β-cell transplantations, are often hindered by ischemic conditions. Here, it is discovered that the basement membrane glycoprotein nidogen-1 attenuates the apoptotic effect of hypoxia in cardiomyocytes and pancreatic β-cells via the αvβ3 integrin and beneficially modulates immune responses in vitro. It is shown that nidogen-1 significantly increases heart function and angiogenesis, while reducing fibrosis, in a mouse postmyocardial infarction model. These results demonstrate the protective and regenerative potential of nidogen-1 in ischemic conditions.
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6
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Zbinden A, Carvajal Berrio DA, Urbanczyk M, Layland SL, Bosch M, Fliri S, Lu CE, Jeyagaran A, Loskill P, Duffy GP, Schenke-Layland K. Fluorescence lifetime metabolic mapping of hypoxia-induced damage in pancreatic pseudo-islets. J Biophotonics 2020; 13:e202000375. [PMID: 33026180 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202000375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic islet isolation from donor pancreases is an essential step for the transplantation of insulin-secreting β-cells as a therapy to treat type 1 diabetes mellitus. This process however damages islet basement membranes, which can lead to islet dysfunction or death. Posttransplantation, islets are further stressed by a hypoxic environment and immune reactions that cause poor engraftment and graft failure. The current standards to assess islet quality before transplantation are destructive procedures, performed on a small islet population that does not reflect the heterogeneity of large isolated islet batches. In this study, we incorporated fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) into a pancreas-on-chip system to establish a protocol to noninvasively assess the viability and functionality of pancreatic β-cells in a three-dimensional in vitro model (= pseudo-islets). We demonstrate how (pre-) hypoxic β-cell-composed pseudo-islets can be discriminated from healthy functional pseudo-islets according to their FLIM-based metabolic profiles. The use of FLIM during the pretransplantation pancreatic islet selection process has the potential to improve the outcome of β-cell islet transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Zbinden
- Department of Women's Health, Research Institute for Women's Health, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Daniel A Carvajal Berrio
- Department of Women's Health, Research Institute for Women's Health, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Max Urbanczyk
- Department of Women's Health, Research Institute for Women's Health, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Shannon L Layland
- Department of Women's Health, Research Institute for Women's Health, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mariella Bosch
- Department of Women's Health, Research Institute for Women's Health, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sandro Fliri
- Department of Women's Health, Research Institute for Women's Health, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Chuan-En Lu
- Department of Women's Health, Research Institute for Women's Health, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Abiramy Jeyagaran
- Department of Women's Health, Research Institute for Women's Health, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Loskill
- Department of Women's Health, Research Institute for Women's Health, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Fraunhofer IGB, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Garry P Duffy
- Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Katja Schenke-Layland
- Department of Women's Health, Research Institute for Women's Health, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, Reutlingen, Germany
- Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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7
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Wenzel T, Carvajal Berrio DA, Daum R, Reisenauer C, Weltmann KD, Wallwiener D, Brucker SY, Schenke-Layland K, Brauchle EM, Weiss M. Molecular Effects and Tissue Penetration Depth of Physical Plasma in Human Mucosa Analyzed by Contact- and Marker-Independent Raman Microspectroscopy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:42885-42895. [PMID: 31657892 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b13221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Noninvasive epithelial tissue treatment with cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a promising option for local treatment of chronic inflammatory and precancerous lesions as well as various mucosal cancer diseases. Atmospheric pressure plasma jets (APPJ) are well-characterized and medically approved plasma sources. There are numbers of medically approved plasma sources for the treatment of epithelial diseases; however, little is known about the biochemical effects of CAP at the plasma-tissue interface. Furthermore, the actual penetration depth of CAP into tissue is currently unclear. Noninvasive and marker-independent Raman microspectroscopy was employed to assess the molecular effects of CAP on single cells and primary human cervical tissue samples. CAP treatment showed immediate and persisting changes of specific molecular tissue components determined by multivariate analysis. Raman imaging identified CAP-dependent changes in the morphology of the tissue, as well as molecular tissue components. The expression of the different components was not significantly altered within 24 h of incubation. DNA and lipids showed the strongest changes upon CAP treatment, which were traced to the basal cell layer of cervical epithelium, corresponding to an average functional plasma penetration depth of roughly 270 μm. In this study, Raman microspectroscopy is shown to be a promising method for molecular single-cell and solid tissue characterization. Regarding CAP treatment of tissues, Raman microspectroscopy could be suitable for the screening of biological mechanisms as well as for future contact- and marker-independent monitoring of plasma tissue effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Wenzel
- Department of Women's Health Tübingen , Calwerstraße 7 , 72076 Tübingen , Germany
| | | | - Ruben Daum
- Natural and Medical Sciences Institute (NMI) , Reutlingen , Germany
| | - Christl Reisenauer
- Department of Women's Health Tübingen , Calwerstraße 7 , 72076 Tübingen , Germany
| | | | - Diethelm Wallwiener
- Department of Women's Health Tübingen , Calwerstraße 7 , 72076 Tübingen , Germany
| | - Sara Y Brucker
- Department of Women's Health Tübingen , Calwerstraße 7 , 72076 Tübingen , Germany
| | - Katja Schenke-Layland
- Department of Women's Health Tübingen , Calwerstraße 7 , 72076 Tübingen , Germany
- Natural and Medical Sciences Institute (NMI) , Reutlingen , Germany
- Department of Medicine/Cardiology , University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) , Los Angeles , United States
| | - Eva-Maria Brauchle
- Department of Women's Health Tübingen , Calwerstraße 7 , 72076 Tübingen , Germany
- Natural and Medical Sciences Institute (NMI) , Reutlingen , Germany
| | - Martin Weiss
- Department of Women's Health Tübingen , Calwerstraße 7 , 72076 Tübingen , Germany
- Natural and Medical Sciences Institute (NMI) , Reutlingen , Germany
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Piccirillo G, Ditaranto MV, Feuerer NFS, Carvajal Berrio DA, Brauchle EM, Pepe A, Bochicchio B, Schenke-Layland K, Hinderer S. Non-invasive characterization of hybrid gelatin:poly-l-lactide electrospun scaffolds using second harmonic generation and multiphoton imaging. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:6399-6412. [PMID: 32254648 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb02026d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid scaffolds composed of synthetic polymers and naturally occurring components have become more relevant in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Synthetic polymers are responsible for scaffold durability, strength and structural integrity; however, often do not provide biological signals. Introducing a biological component leads to more advanced and biocompatible scaffolds. In order to use these scaffolds as implants, a deeper knowledge of material characteristics and the impact of the biological component on the scaffold mechanical properties are required. Furthermore, it is necessary to implement fast, easy and non-invasive methods to determine material characteristics. In this work, we aimed to generate gelatin-poly-l-lactide (PLA) hybrids via electrospinning with defined, controllable and tunable scaffold characteristics. Using Raman microspectroscopy, we demonstrated the effectiveness of the cross-linking reaction and evaluated the increasing PLA content in the hybrid scaffolds with a non-invasive approach. Using multiphoton microscopy, we showed that gelatin fibers electrospun from a fluorinated solvent exhibit a second harmonic generation (SHG) signal typical for collagen-like structures. Compared to pure gelatin, where the SHG signal vanishes after cross-linking, the signal could be preserved in the hybrid scaffolds even after cross-linking. Furthermore, we non-invasively imaged cellular growth of human dermal fibroblasts on the hybrid electrospun scaffolds and performed fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy on the cell-seeded hybrids, where we were able to discriminate between cells and scaffolds. Here, we successfully employed non-invasive methods to evaluate scaffold characteristics and investigate cell-material interactions.
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Shen N, Riedl JA, Carvajal Berrio DA, Davis Z, Monaghan MG, Layland SL, Hinderer S, Schenke-Layland K. A flow bioreactor system compatible with real-time two-photon fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 13:024101. [PMID: 29148433 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aa9b3c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bioreactors are essential cell and tissue culture tools that allow the introduction of biophysical signals into in vitro cultures. One major limitation is the need to interrupt experiments and sacrifice samples at certain time points for analyses. To address this issue, we designed a bioreactor that combines high-resolution contact-free imaging and continuous flow in a closed system that is compatible with various types of microscopes. The high throughput fluid flow bioreactor was combined with two-photon fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (2P-FLIM) and validated. The hydrodynamics of the bioreactor chamber were characterized using COMSOL. The simulation of shear stress indicated that the bioreactor system provides homogeneous and reproducible flow conditions. The designed bioreactor was used to investigate the effects of low shear stress on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). In a scratch assay, we observed decreased migration of HUVECs under shear stress conditions. Furthermore, metabolic activity shifts from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation-dependent mechanisms in HUVECs cultured under low shear stress conditions were detected using 2P-FLIM. Future applications for this bioreactor range from observing cell fate development in real-time to monitoring the environmental effects on cells or metabolic changes due to drug applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian Shen
- Department of Women's Health, Research Institute of Women's Health, University Hospital of the Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany. Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Stuttgart, Germany
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10
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Fitzgerald JC, Zimprich A, Carvajal Berrio DA, Schindler KM, Maurer B, Schulte C, Bus C, Hauser AK, Kübler M, Lewin R, Bobbili DR, Schwarz LM, Vartholomaiou E, Brockmann K, Wüst R, Madlung J, Nordheim A, Riess O, Martins LM, Glaab E, May P, Schenke-Layland K, Picard D, Sharma M, Gasser T, Krüger R. Metformin reverses TRAP1 mutation-associated alterations in mitochondrial function in Parkinson's disease. Brain 2017; 140:2444-2459. [PMID: 29050400 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awx202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial proteins TRAP1 and HTRA2 have previously been shown to be phosphorylated in the presence of the Parkinson's disease kinase PINK1 but the downstream signalling is unknown. HTRA2 and PINK1 loss of function causes parkinsonism in humans and animals. Here, we identified TRAP1 as an interactor of HTRA2 using an unbiased mass spectrometry approach. In our human cell models, TRAP1 overexpression is protective, rescuing HTRA2 and PINK1-associated mitochondrial dysfunction and suggesting that TRAP1 acts downstream of HTRA2 and PINK1. HTRA2 regulates TRAP1 protein levels, but TRAP1 is not a direct target of HTRA2 protease activity. Following genetic screening of Parkinson's disease patients and healthy controls, we also report the first TRAP1 mutation leading to complete loss of functional protein in a patient with late onset Parkinson's disease. Analysis of fibroblasts derived from the patient reveal that oxygen consumption, ATP output and reactive oxygen species are increased compared to healthy individuals. This is coupled with an increased pool of free NADH, increased mitochondrial biogenesis, triggering of the mitochondrial unfolded protein response, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and sensitivity to mitochondrial removal and apoptosis. These data highlight the role of TRAP1 in the regulation of energy metabolism and mitochondrial quality control. Interestingly, the diabetes drug metformin reverses mutation-associated alterations on energy metabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis and restores mitochondrial membrane potential. In summary, our data show that TRAP1 acts downstream of PINK1 and HTRA2 for mitochondrial fine tuning, whereas TRAP1 loss of function leads to reduced control of energy metabolism, ultimately impacting mitochondrial membrane potential. These findings offer new insight into mitochondrial pathologies in Parkinson's disease and provide new prospects for targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia C Fitzgerald
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center of Neurology and Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen and German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Daniel A Carvajal Berrio
- Department of Women's Health, Research Institute for Women's Health, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kevin M Schindler
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center of Neurology and Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen and German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany.,University of Tübingen, Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Brigitte Maurer
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center of Neurology and Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen and German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Claudia Schulte
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center of Neurology and Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen and German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christine Bus
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center of Neurology and Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen and German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anne-Kathrin Hauser
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center of Neurology and Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen and German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Manuela Kübler
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center of Neurology and Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen and German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rahel Lewin
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center of Neurology and Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen and German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dheeraj Reddy Bobbili
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Lisa M Schwarz
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center of Neurology and Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen and German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany.,Graduate Training Centre of Neuroscience, International Max Planck Research School, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Kathrin Brockmann
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center of Neurology and Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen and German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Richard Wüst
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center of Neurology and Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen and German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapie, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Johannes Madlung
- University of Tübingen, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, Proteome Center Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alfred Nordheim
- University of Tübingen, Interfaculty Institute of Cell Biology, Unit of Molecular Biology, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Olaf Riess
- University of Tübingen, Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Enrico Glaab
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Patrick May
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Katja Schenke-Layland
- Department of Women's Health, Research Institute for Women's Health, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB Stuttgart, Germany.,Department of Medicine/ Cardiology, CVRL, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Didier Picard
- University of Geneva, Department of Cell Biology, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Manu Sharma
- Centre for Genetic Epidemiology, Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Applied Biometry, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Gasser
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center of Neurology and Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen and German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rejko Krüger
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center of Neurology and Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen and German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany.,Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.,Parkinson Research Clinic, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg (CHL), Luxembourg
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11
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Votteler M, Berrio DAC, Horke A, Sabatier L, Reinhardt DP, Nsair A, Aikawa E, Schenke-Layland K. Elastogenesis at the onset of human cardiac valve development. Development 2013; 140:2345-53. [PMID: 23637335 PMCID: PMC3912871 DOI: 10.1242/dev.093500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Semilunar valve leaflets have a well-described trilaminar histoarchitecture, with a sophisticated elastic fiber network. It was previously proposed that elastin-containing fibers play a subordinate role in early human cardiac valve development; however, this assumption was based on data obtained from mouse models and human second and third trimester tissues. Here, we systematically analyzed tissues from human fetal first (4-12 weeks) and second (13-18 weeks) trimester, adolescent (14-19 years) and adult (50-55 years) hearts to monitor the temporal and spatial distribution of elastic fibers, focusing on semilunar valves. Global expression analyses revealed that the transcription of genes essential for elastic fiber formation starts early within the first trimester. These data were confirmed by quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry employing antibodies that recognize fibronectin, fibrillin 1, 2 and 3, EMILIN1 and fibulin 4 and 5, which were all expressed at the onset of cardiac cushion formation (~week 4 of development). Tropoelastin/elastin protein expression was first detectable in leaflets of 7-week hearts. We revealed that immature elastic fibers are organized in early human cardiovascular development and that mature elastin-containing fibers first evolve in semilunar valves when blood pressure and heartbeat accelerate. Our findings provide a conceptual framework with the potential to offer novel insights into human cardiac valve development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Votteler
- University Women's Hospital Tübingen and Inter-University Centre for Medical Technology Stuttgart-Tübingen (IZST), Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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12
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Votteler M, Carvajal Berrio DA, Pudlas M, Walles H, Schenke-Layland K. Non-contact, label-free monitoring of cells and extracellular matrix using Raman spectroscopy. J Vis Exp 2012:3977. [PMID: 22688496 PMCID: PMC3468188 DOI: 10.3791/3977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-destructive, non-contact and label-free technologies to monitor cell and tissue cultures are needed in the field of biomedical research.1-5 However, currently available routine methods require processing steps and alter sample integrity. Raman spectroscopy is a fast method that enables the measurement of biological samples without the need for further processing steps. This laser-based technology detects the inelastic scattering of monochromatic light.6 As every chemical vibration is assigned to a specific Raman band (wavenumber in cm-1), each biological sample features a typical spectral pattern due to their inherent biochemical composition.7-9 Within Raman spectra, the peak intensities correlate with the amount of the present molecular bonds.1 Similarities and differences of the spectral data sets can be detected by employing a multivariate analysis (e.g. principal component analysis (PCA)).10 Here, we perform Raman spectroscopy of living cells and native tissues. Cells are either seeded on glass bottom dishes or kept in suspension under normal cell culture conditions (37 °C, 5% CO2) before measurement. Native tissues are dissected and stored in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) at 4 °C prior measurements. Depending on our experimental set up, we then either focused on the cell nucleus or extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins such as elastin and collagen. For all studies, a minimum of 30 cells or 30 random points of interest within the ECM are measured. Data processing steps included background subtraction and normalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Votteler
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Inter-University Centre for Medical Technology Stuttgart-Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Deutschland
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13
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Votteler M, Carvajal Berrio DA, Pudlas M, Walles H, Stock UA, Schenke-Layland K. Raman spectroscopy for the non-contact and non-destructive monitoring of collagen damage within tissues. J Biophotonics 2012; 5:47-56. [PMID: 21954177 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201100068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2011] [Revised: 09/04/2011] [Accepted: 09/06/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The non-destructive and label-free monitoring of extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and degradation processes is a great challenge. Raman spectroscopy is a non-contact method that offers the possibility to analyze ECM in situ without the need for tissue processing. Here, we employed Raman spectroscopy for the detection of heart valve ECM, focusing on collagen fibers. We screened the leaflets of porcine aortic valves either directly after dissection or after treatment with collagenase. By comparing the fingerprint region of the Raman spectra of control and treated tissues (400-1800 cm(-1)), we detected no significant differences based on Raman shifts; however, we found that increasing collagen degradation translated into decreasing Raman signal intensities. After these proof-of-principal experiments, we compared Raman spectra of native and cryopreserved valve tissues and revealed that the signal intensities of the frozen samples were significantly lower compared to those of native tissues, similar to the data seen in the enzymatically-degraded tissues. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that Raman microscopy is a promising, non-destructive and non-contact tool to probe ECM state in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Votteler
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Dept. of Cell and Tissue Engineering, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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