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Weaver JL, Pearce CI, Sjöblom R, McCloy JS, Miller M, Varga T, Arey BW, Conroy MA, Peeler DK, Koestler RJ, DePriest PT, Vicenzi EP, Hjärthner-Holdar E, Ogenhall E, Kruger AA. Pre-viking Swedish hillfort glass: A prospective long-term alteration analogue for vitrified nuclear waste. Int J Appl Glass Sci 2018; 9:10.1111/ijag.12351. [PMID: 31093322 PMCID: PMC6512990 DOI: 10.1111/ijag.12351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Models for long-term glass alteration are required to satisfy performance predictions of vitrified nuclear waste in various disposal scenarios. Durability parameters are usually extracted from short-term laboratory tests, and sometimes checked with long-term natural experiments on glasses, termed analogues. In this paper, a unique potential ancient glass analogue from Sweden is discussed. The hillfort glass found at Broborg represents a unique case study as a vitrified waste glass analogue to compare to Low Activity Waste glass to be emplaced in near surface conditions at Hanford (USA). Glasses at Broborg have similar and dissimilar compositions to LAW glasses, allowing the testing of long-term alteration of different glass chemistries. In addition, the environmental history of the site is reasonably well documented. Initial investigations on previously collected samples established methodologies for handling and characterizing these artifacts by laboratory methods while preserving their alteration layers and cultural context. Evidence of possible biologically influenced glass alteration, and differential alteration in the 2 types of glass found at the Broborg site is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie L. Weaver
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | | | | | - John S. McCloy
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
- School of Materials and Mechanical Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Micah Miller
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Tamas Varga
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Bruce W. Arey
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Robert J. Koestler
- Museum Conservation Institute, Smithsonian Institution, Suitland, MD, USA
| | - Paula T. DePriest
- Museum Conservation Institute, Smithsonian Institution, Suitland, MD, USA
| | - Edward P. Vicenzi
- Museum Conservation Institute, Smithsonian Institution, Suitland, MD, USA
| | - Eva Hjärthner-Holdar
- The Archaeologists, Geoarchaeological Laboratory, National Historical Museums (SHMM), Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Erik Ogenhall
- The Archaeologists, Geoarchaeological Laboratory, National Historical Museums (SHMM), Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Albert A. Kruger
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of River Protection, Richland, WA, USA
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