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Wan JY, Goodman DL, Willems EL, Freedland AR, Norden-Krichmar TM, Santorico SA, Edwards KL. Genome-wide association analysis of metabolic syndrome quantitative traits in the GENNID multiethnic family study. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2021; 13:59. [PMID: 34074324 PMCID: PMC8170963 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-021-00670-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To identify genetic associations of quantitative metabolic syndrome (MetS) traits and characterize heterogeneity across ethnic groups. METHODS Data was collected from GENetics of Noninsulin dependent Diabetes Mellitus (GENNID), a multiethnic resource of Type 2 diabetic families and included 1520 subjects in 259 African-American, European-American, Japanese-Americans, and Mexican-American families. We focused on eight MetS traits: weight, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, fasting glucose, and insulin. Using genotyped and imputed data from Illumina's Multiethnic array, we conducted genome-wide association analyses with linear mixed models for all ethnicities, except for the smaller Japanese-American group, where we used additive genetic models with gene-dropping. RESULTS Findings included ethnic-specific genetic associations and heterogeneity across ethnicities. Most significant associations were outside our candidate linkage regions and were coincident within a gene or intergenic region, with two exceptions in European-American families: (a) within previously identified linkage region on chromosome 2, two significant GLI2-TFCP2L1 associations with weight, and (b) one chromosome 11 variant near CADM1-LINC00900 with pleiotropic blood pressure effects. CONCLUSIONS This multiethnic family study found genetic heterogeneity and coincident associations (with one case of pleiotropy), highlighting the importance of including diverse populations in genetic research and illustrating the complex genetic architecture underlying MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Y Wan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Program in Public Health, University of California, 635 E. Peltason Dr, Mail Code: 7550, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Deborah L Goodman
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Program in Public Health, University of California, 635 E. Peltason Dr, Mail Code: 7550, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Emileigh L Willems
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Alexis R Freedland
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Program in Public Health, University of California, 635 E. Peltason Dr, Mail Code: 7550, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Trina M Norden-Krichmar
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Program in Public Health, University of California, 635 E. Peltason Dr, Mail Code: 7550, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Stephanie A Santorico
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA
- Human Medical Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA
- Department of Biostatistics & Informatics, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA
- Division of Biomedical Informatics & Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Karen L Edwards
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Program in Public Health, University of California, 635 E. Peltason Dr, Mail Code: 7550, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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Glassheim JW, Ledoux RA, Vaughan TR, Damiano MA, Goodman DL, Nelson HS, Weber RW. Analysis of meteorologic variables and seasonal aeroallergen pollen counts in Denver, Colorado. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 1995; 75:149-56. [PMID: 7648379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The observation of low levels of weed pollens following a freeze and an early autumn snowfall in Denver, Colorado led to this analysis of meteorologic variables and pollen counts. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to examine, in depth, the relationship between observed pollen counts and a selection of independent meteorologic variables. METHODS We prospectively studied in 1991 daily high and low temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, barometric pressure, percent sunshine, wind velocity and direction, tree, grass, and weed pollen, as well as dates of the first frost/freeze. Similar data were retrospectively analyzed for 1987-1990. RESULTS Correlation coefficients for the prospective data were as high as .611 for high temperature and cottonwood and .718 for high temperature and maple (P < .001). High and low temperature showed strong correlations with the combined weed counts (.598 and .628, respectively, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Denver weed pollens appear impacted more by temperature and less by precipitation and humidity, while the converse is true for tree and grass pollen. However, weed pollen, especially sage, may appreciably rebound after freezing temperatures. While separate meteorologic variables may have high correlations with specific pollen counts in a given year, such effect is not consistent and varies from year to year.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Glassheim
- Allergy-Immunology Service, Fitzsimons Army Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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O'Connell MA, Sklarew PR, Goodman DL. Spectrum of presentation of paradoxical vocal cord motion in ambulatory patients. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 1995; 74:341-4. [PMID: 7719896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paradoxical vocal cord motion (PVCM) frequently masquerades as asthma. Atypical presentations of asthma or situations in which asthma does not respond to traditional therapies mandate the consideration of PVCM in the differential diagnosis. OBJECTIVE Evaluate the demographics and spectrum of presentation of PVCM in an ambulatory outpatient population. METHODS Retrospective survey of medical records of 164 consecutive patients (86 males, 78 females) who underwent fiberoptic rhinolaryngoscopy over a 3-year period. RESULTS Twenty patients (16 females, 4 males) with PVCM diagnosed by direct visualization were identified. Mean age at diagnosis was 33 years (range, 14-58 years). Asthma was the most common presenting diagnosis (15/20, 75%), while the remaining 25% had other unusual presentations including two patients (10%) with PVCM masquerading as anaphylaxis. When PVCM masqueraded as asthma, 44% of those patients were inappropriately treated with oral steroids. Nine patients (45%) had a readily identifiable psychologic trigger of their PVCM. CONCLUSIONS Our data confirm previous observations indicating that PVCM is most common in young females and is often associated with psychologic problems. PVCM frequently masquerades as asthma, resulting in overtreatment with corticosteroids. PVCM may also masquerade as stridor, resulting in mimicry of anaphylaxis in the appropriate clinical setting. Thus, PVCM should be considered in any patient presenting with atypical upper and lower respiratory tract symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A O'Connell
- Department of Medicine, Fitzsimons Army Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Goodman DL, McDonnell JT, Nelson HS, Vaughan TR, Weber RW. Chronic urticaria exacerbated by the antioxidant food preservatives, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). J Allergy Clin Immunol 1990; 86:570-5. [PMID: 2229816 DOI: 10.1016/s0091-6749(05)80214-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Two patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria in whom remissions were achieved with dye- and preservative-elimination diet had exacerbations of their urticaria when they were challenged under double-blind, placebo-controlled conditions with butylated hydroxyanisole and butylated hydroxytoluene. After elimination of butylated hydroxyanisole and butylated hydroxytoluene from their diets, there was marked abatement of the frequency, severity, and duration of their urticaria. These antioxidants appear capable of aggravating symptoms in certain patients with chronic urticaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Goodman
- Allergy-Clinical Immunology Service, Fitzsimons Army Medical Center, Aurora, CO 80045-5001
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Vaughan TR, Bowen RE, Goodman DL, Weber RW, Nelson HS. The development of subsensitivity to atropine methylnitrate. A double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study. Am Rev Respir Dis 1988; 138:771-4. [PMID: 3059882 DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm/138.4.771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
This is a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study designed to assess the effectiveness of nebulized atropine methylnitrate (AMN) with chronic use. We studied 22 patients with asthma, 10 receiving theophylline and inhaled beta-agonists and 12 who were receiving corticosteroids as well. All had demonstrated at least a 15% change in FEV1 either spontaneously or after bronchodilator. Bronchodilator effect was measured serially for 4 h after inhalation of the initial dose and again after 2 wk of four-times-daily use. Significant bronchodilator effect was seen initially with AMN when compared to placebo (p less than 0.01). After 2 wk of use, the bronchodilator effect of AMN was significantly diminished as compared to the initial effect (p less than 0.01) but was still better than placebo (p less than 0.05). Subsensitivity did develop to varying degrees in the patients, but we were unable to identify any clinical parameters that would allow prediction of subsequent subsensitivity. We conclude that the development of subsensitivity to AMN occurs in certain patients with chronic administration but does not reflect a total loss of bronchodilator effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- T R Vaughan
- Allergy-Immunology Service, Fitzsimons Army Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado 80045-5001
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