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Elmaidomy AH, Abdelmohsen UR, Sayed AM, Altemani FH, Algehainy NA, Soost D, Paululat T, Bringmann G, Mohamed EM. Antiplasmodial potential of phytochemicals from Citrus aurantifolia peels: a comprehensive in vitro and in silico study. BMC Chem 2024; 18:60. [PMID: 38555456 PMCID: PMC10981828 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-024-01162-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Phytochemical investigation of Key lime (Citrus aurantifolia L., F. Rutaceae) peels afforded six metabolites, known as methyl isolimonate acetate (1), limonin (2), luteolin (3), 3`-hydroxygenkwanin (4), myricetin (5), and europetin (6). The structures of the isolated compounds were assigned by 1D NMR. In the case of limonin (2), further 1- and 2D NMR experiments were done to further confirm the structure of this most active metabolite. The antiplasmodial properties of the obtained compounds against the pathogenic NF54 strain of Plasmodium falciparum were assessed in vitro. According to antiplasmodial screening, only limonin (2), luteolin (3), and myricetin (5) were effective (IC50 values of 0.2, 3.4, and 5.9 µM, respectively). We explored the antiplasmodial potential of phytochemicals from C. aurantifolia peels using a stepwise in silico-based analysis. We first identified the unique proteins of P. falciparum that have no homolog in the human proteome, and then performed inverse docking, ΔGBinding calculation, and molecular dynamics simulation to predict the binding affinity and stability of the isolated compounds with these proteins. We found that limonin (2), luteolin (3), and myricetin (5) could interact with 20S a proteasome, choline kinase, and phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase, respectively, which are important enzymes for the survival and growth of the parasite. According to our findings, phytochemicals from C. aurantifolia peels can be considered as potential leads for the development of new safe and effective antiplasmodial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer H Elmaidomy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt.
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt.
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia, 61111, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed M Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, 62513, Egypt
| | - Faisal H Altemani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naseh A Algehainy
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Denisa Soost
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57068, Siegen, Germany
| | - Thomas Paululat
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57068, Siegen, Germany
| | - Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Esraa M Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, MUST, Giza, 12566, Egypt
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Soost D, Bringmann G, Ihmels H. Towards an understanding of the biological activity of naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids: DNA-binding properties of dioncophyllines A, B, and C. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj04081f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Dioncophylline A and B bind to duplex DNA in a half-intercalation binding mode and to abasic site-containing DNA by insertion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisa Soost
- Department of Chemistry – Biology, University of Siegen, Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and (Bio-)Technology (Cμ), Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Heiko Ihmels
- Department of Chemistry – Biology, University of Siegen, Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and (Bio-)Technology (Cμ), Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57068 Siegen, Germany
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