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Elghazawy H, Bakkach J, Helal T, Aref AM, Kelany M, Abdallah LE, Abdelbakey FS, Ali D, Ali DZ, Ahmed MO, El-Hafeez AAA, Ghosh P, Alorabi MO. Clinico-pathological relationship between androgen receptor and tumour infiltrating lymphocytes in triple negative breast cancer. Ecancermedicalscience 2022; 15:1317. [PMID: 35047068 PMCID: PMC8723750 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2021.1317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer (BC) with ill-defined therapeutic targets. Androgen receptor (AR) and tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) had a prognostic and predictive value in TNBC. The relationship between AR, TILs and clinical behaviour is still not fully understood. Methods Thirty-six TNBC patients were evaluated for AR (positive if ≥1% expression), CD3, CD4, CD8 and CD20 by immunohistochemistry. Stromal TILs were quantified following TILs Working Group recommendations. Lymphocyte-predominant breast cancer (LPBC) was defined as stromal TILs ≥ 50%, whereas lymphocyte-deficient breast cancer (LDBC) was defined as <50%. Results The mean age was 52.5 years and 27.8% were ≥60 years. Seven patients (21.2%) were AR+. All AR+ cases were postmenopausal (≥50 years old). LPBC was 32.2% of the whole cohort. Median TILs were 37.5% and 10% (p = 0.1) and median CD20 was 20% and 7.5% (p = 0.008) in AR− and AR+, respectively. Mean CD3 was 80.7% and 93.3% (p = 0.007) and CD8 was 75% and 80.8% (p= 0.41) in AR− and AR+, respectively. All patients who were ≥60 years old expressed CD20. LDBC was found to be significantly higher in N+ versus N− patients (p = 0.03) with median TILs of 20% versus 50% in N+ versus N−, respectively (p = 0.03). LDBC was associated with higher risk of lymph node (LN) involvement (odds ratio = 6; 95% CI = 1.05–34.21; p = 0.04). Conclusions AR expression was evident in older age (≥50 years). Median CD20 was higher in AR− TNBC, while mean CD3 was higher in AR+ tumours. LDBC was associated with higher risk of LN involvement. Larger studies are needed to focus on the clinical impact of the relation between AR and TILs in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagar Elghazawy
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11591, Egypt.,Hagar Elghazawy and Joaira Bakkach had contributed equally to the work.,https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6839-4147
| | - Joaira Bakkach
- Biomedical Genomics & Oncogenetics Research Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tangier, 90 000, Morocco.,Hagar Elghazawy and Joaira Bakkach had contributed equally to the work
| | - Thanaa Helal
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11591, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Aref
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Giza, 12451, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Kelany
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11591, Egypt
| | - Lamiaa E Abdallah
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11591, Egypt
| | - Fatma S Abdelbakey
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Electricity Hospital, Cairo, 11775, Egypt
| | - Dalia Ali
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11591, Egypt
| | - Doaa Z Ali
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Giza, 12451, Egypt
| | - Mai O Ahmed
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Giza, 12451, Egypt
| | - Amer Ali Abd El-Hafeez
- Pharmacology and Experimental Oncology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, 11796, Egypt.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Pradipta Ghosh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,Rebecca and John Moore Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.,Veterans Affairs Medical Center, La Jolla, CA 92161, USA
| | - Mohamed O Alorabi
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11591, Egypt
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