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Moatti A, Silkstone D, Martin T, Abbey K, Hutson KA, Fitzpatrick DC, Zdanski CJ, Cheng AG, Ligler FS, Greenbaum A. Assessment of drug permeability through an ex vivo porcine round window membrane model. iScience 2023; 26:106789. [PMID: 37213232 PMCID: PMC10197016 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Delivery of pharmaceutical therapeutics to the inner ear to treat and prevent hearing loss is challenging. Systemic delivery is not effective as only a small fraction of the therapeutic agent reaches the inner ear. Invasive surgeries to inject through the round window membrane (RWM) or cochleostomy may cause damage to the inner ear. An alternative approach is to administer drugs into the middle ear using an intratympanic injection, with the drugs primarily passing through the RWM to the inner ear. However, the RWM is a barrier, only permeable to a small number of molecules. To study and enhance the RWM permeability, we developed an ex vivo porcine RWM model, similar in structure and thickness to the human RWM. The model is viable for days, and drug passage can be measured at multiple time points. This model provides a straightforward approach to developing effective and non-invasive delivery methods to the inner ear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adele Moatti
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Dylan Silkstone
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Taylor Martin
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Keith Abbey
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Kendall A Hutson
- Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Douglas C Fitzpatrick
- Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Carlton J Zdanski
- Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Alan G Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Frances S Ligler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Alon Greenbaum
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
- Corresponding author
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Popowski KD, López de Juan Abad B, George A, Silkstone D, Belcher E, Chung J, Ghodsi A, Lutz H, Davenport J, Flanagan M, Piedrahita J, Dinh PUC, Cheng K. Inhalable exosomes outperform liposomes as mRNA and protein drug carriers to the lung. Extracell Vesicle 2022; 1:100002. [PMID: 36523538 PMCID: PMC9213043 DOI: 10.1016/j.vesic.2022.100002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory diseases are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, coupled with the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. mRNA lipid nanoparticle (LNP) vaccines have been developed, but their intramuscular delivery limits pulmonary bioavailability. Inhalation of nanoparticle therapeutics offers localized drug delivery that minimizes off targeted adverse effects and has greater patient compliance. However, LNP platforms require extensive reformulation for inhaled delivery. Lung-derived extracellular vesicles (Lung-Exo) offer a biological nanoparticle alternative that is naturally optimized for mRNA translation and delivery to pulmonary cells. We compared the biodistribution of Lung-Exo against commercially standard biological extracellular vesicles (HEK-Exo) and LNPs (Lipo), where Lung-Exo exhibited superior mRNA and protein cargo distribution to and retention in the bronchioles and parenchyma following nebulization administration. This suggests that inhaled Lung-Exo can deliver mRNA and protein drugs with enhanced pulmonary bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen D Popowski
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
| | - Blanca López de Juan Abad
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
| | - Arianna George
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Dylan Silkstone
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh/Chapel Hill, NC, 27607/27599, USA
| | - Elizabeth Belcher
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh/Chapel Hill, NC, 27607/27599, USA
| | - Jaewook Chung
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
| | - Asma Ghodsi
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
| | - Halle Lutz
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
| | - Jada Davenport
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
| | - Mallory Flanagan
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
| | - Jorge Piedrahita
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
| | - Phuong-Uyen C Dinh
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
| | - Ke Cheng
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh/Chapel Hill, NC, 27607/27599, USA
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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Popowski KD, Moatti A, Scull G, Silkstone D, Lutz H, López de Juan Abad B, George A, Belcher E, Zhu D, Mei X, Cheng X, Cislo M, Ghodsi A, Cai Y, Huang K, Li J, Brown AC, Greenbaum A, Dinh PUC, Cheng K. Inhalable dry powder mRNA vaccines based on extracellular vesicles. Matter 2022; 5:2960-2974. [PMID: 35847197 PMCID: PMC9272513 DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2022.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory diseases are a global burden, with millions of deaths attributed to pulmonary illnesses and dysfunctions. Therapeutics have been developed, but they present major limitations regarding pulmonary bioavailability and product stability. To circumvent such limitations, we developed room-temperature-stable inhalable lung-derived extracellular vesicles or exosomes (Lung-Exos) as mRNA and protein drug carriers. Compared with standard synthetic nanoparticle liposomes (Lipos), Lung-Exos exhibited superior distribution to the bronchioles and parenchyma and are deliverable to the lungs of rodents and nonhuman primates (NHPs) by dry powder inhalation. In a vaccine application, severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike (S) protein encoding mRNA-loaded Lung-Exos (S-Exos) elicited greater immunoglobulin G (IgG) and secretory IgA (SIgA) responses than its loaded liposome (S-Lipo) counterpart. Importantly, S-Exos remained functional at room-temperature storage for one month. Our results suggest that extracellular vesicles can serve as an inhaled mRNA drug-delivery system that is superior to synthetic liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen D Popowski
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Adele Moatti
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh/Chapel Hill, NC 27607/27599, USA
| | - Grant Scull
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh/Chapel Hill, NC 27607/27599, USA
| | - Dylan Silkstone
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh/Chapel Hill, NC 27607/27599, USA
| | - Halle Lutz
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Blanca López de Juan Abad
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Arianna George
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Elizabeth Belcher
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh/Chapel Hill, NC 27607/27599, USA
| | - Dashuai Zhu
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Xuan Mei
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh/Chapel Hill, NC 27607/27599, USA
| | - Xiao Cheng
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh/Chapel Hill, NC 27607/27599, USA
| | - Megan Cislo
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing, and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Asma Ghodsi
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Yuheng Cai
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh/Chapel Hill, NC 27607/27599, USA
| | - Ke Huang
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh/Chapel Hill, NC 27607/27599, USA
| | - Junlang Li
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh/Chapel Hill, NC 27607/27599, USA
| | - Ashley C Brown
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh/Chapel Hill, NC 27607/27599, USA
| | - Alon Greenbaum
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh/Chapel Hill, NC 27607/27599, USA
| | - Phuong-Uyen C Dinh
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Ke Cheng
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh/Chapel Hill, NC 27607/27599, USA
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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