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Senatore MT, Ward TJ, Cappelletti E, Beccari G, McCormick SP, Busman M, Laraba I, O'Donnell K, Prodi A. Species diversity and mycotoxin production by members of the Fusarium tricinctum species complex associated with Fusarium head blight of wheat and barley in Italy. Int J Food Microbiol 2021; 358:109298. [PMID: 34210546 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2021.109298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a global cereal disease caused by a complex of Fusarium species. In Europe, the main species responsible for FHB are F. graminearum, F. culmorum and F. poae. However, members of the F. tricinctum species complex (FTSC) have become increasingly important. FTSC fusaria can synthesize mycotoxins such as moniliformin (MON), enniatins (ENNs) and several other biologically active secondary metabolites that could compromise food quality. In this study, FTSC isolates primarily from Italian durum wheat and barley, together with individual strains from four non-graminaceous hosts, were collected to assess their genetic diversity and determine their potential to produce mycotoxins in vitro on rice cultures. A multilocus DNA sequence dataset (TEF1, RPB1 and RPB2) was constructed for 117 isolates from Italy and 6 from Iran to evaluate FTSC species diversity and their evolutionary relationships. Phylogenetic analyses revealed wide genetic diversity among Italian FTSC isolates. Among previously described FTSC species, F. avenaceum (FTSC 4) was the most common species in Italy (56/117 = 47.9%) while F. tricinctum (FTSC 3), and F. acuminatum (FTSC 2) accounted for 11.1% (13/117) and the 8.5% (10/117), respectively. The second most detected species was a new and unnamed Fusarium sp. (FTSC 12; 32/117 = 19%) resolved as the sister group of F. tricinctum. Collectively, these four phylospecies accounted for 111/117 = 94.9% of the Italian FTSC collection. However, we identified five other FTSC species at low frequencies, including F. iranicum (FTSC 6) and three newly discovered species (Fusarium spp. FTSC 13, 14, 15). Of the 59 FTSC isolates tested for mycotoxin production on rice cultures, 54 and 55 strains, respectively, were able to produce detectable levels of ENNs and MON. In addition, we confirmed that the ability to produce bioactive secondary metabolites such as chlamydosporol, acuminatopyrone, longiborneol, fungerin and butanolide is widespread across the FTSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Senatore
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Viale G. Fanin, 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - T J Ward
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Unit, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 60604-3999, USA
| | - E Cappelletti
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Viale G. Fanin, 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - G Beccari
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy
| | - S P McCormick
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Unit, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 60604-3999, USA
| | - M Busman
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Unit, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 60604-3999, USA
| | - I Laraba
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Unit, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 60604-3999, USA
| | - K O'Donnell
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Unit, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, IL 60604-3999, USA
| | - A Prodi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Viale G. Fanin, 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
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Giannelli C, Cappelletti E, Di Benedetto R, Pippi F, Arcuri M, Di Cioccio V, Martin L, Saul A, Micoli F. Determination of free polysaccharide in Vi glycoconjugate vaccine against typhoid fever. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 139:143-147. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Berti F, Romano MR, Micoli F, Pinto V, Cappelletti E, Gavini M, Proietti D, Pluschke G, MacLennan CA, Costantino P. Relative stability of meningococcal serogroup A and X polysaccharides. Vaccine 2012; 30:6409-15. [PMID: 22921741 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2012] [Revised: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/11/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Prior to the introduction of the MenAfriVac™ serogroup A glycoconjugate vaccine in September 2010, serogroup A was the major epidemic disease-causing meningococcal serogroup in the African meningitis belt. However, recently serogroup X meningococcal (MenX) disease has received increased attention because of outbreaks recorded in this region, with increased endemic levels of MenX disease over the past 2 years. Whereas polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines against meningococcal serogroups A, C, W and Y (MenA, MenC, MenW, MenY) are on the market, a vaccine able to protect against MenX has never been achieved. The structure of serogroup A, C, W and Y meningococcal polysaccharides has been already fully elucidated by NMR. MenX capsular polysaccharide (MenX CPS) structure is also documented but fewer characterization data have been published. We have applied here (1)H NMR, (31)P NMR and HPLC to evaluate the stability of MenX CPS in aqueous solution as compared to MenA capsular polysaccharide (MenA CPS). The stability study demonstrated that MenA CPS is more susceptible to hydrolytic degradation than MenX CPS. The different stereochemistry of the N-acetyl group at position C(2) of mannosamine (MenA CPS) and glucosamine (MenX CPS) respectively might play a fundamental role in this susceptibility to polysaccharide chain degradation. The satisfactory stability of MenX CPS predicts the possibility that a stable fully-liquid MenX polysaccharide or glycoconjugate vaccine could be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Berti
- Novartis Vaccines, Via Fiorentina 1, I-53100 Siena, Italy.
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Lantry L, Maddalena M, Fox J, Chen J, Eaton S, Bogdan N, Thomas R, Cappelletti E, Lattuada L, Nguyen H, Linder K, Swenson R, Tweedle M, Nunn A. CMR 2005: 3.09: Preclinical efficacy of177Lu-AMBA, a radiotherapeutic targeting the GRP receptor. Contrast Media Mol Imaging 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Abstract
A study of the toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids contained in Senecio inaequidens D.C., an infestant species of the Senecio genus, widespread in the North East of Italy, is reported. Five of these compounds, senecivernine, senecionine, integerrimine, retrorsine and an analogue of retrorsine, were identified by means of capillary gas chromatography and capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
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Puglia AM, Cappelletti E. A bald superfertile U.V.-resistant strain in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). Microbiologica 1984; 7:263-6. [PMID: 6503732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The 'bald'(bld) mutants of filamentous bacterium Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) are characterized by a lack of aerial myceliumand spores. A 'bald' mutant was isolated exhibiting unusual features. It forms slightly sculptured colonies producing a red-orange mycelial pigment, large amounts of agarase and methylenomycin A; it is also highly resistant to U.V. killing. The bld mutation (bld F1) never reverted to bld+ phenotype and was localized very closed to met A.
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