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Harper MJ, Arthur CJ, Crosby J, Emmett EJ, Falconer RL, Fensham-Smith AJ, Gates PJ, Leman T, McGrady JE, Bower JF, Russell CA. Oxidative Addition, Transmetalation, and Reductive Elimination at a 2,2'-Bipyridyl-Ligated Gold Center. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:4440-4445. [PMID: 29553258 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b01411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Three-coordinate bipyridyl complexes of gold, [(κ2-bipy)Au(η2-C2H4)][NTf2], are readily accessed by direct reaction of 2,2'-bipyridine (bipy), or its derivatives, with the homoleptic gold ethylene complex [Au(C2H4)3][NTf2]. The cheap and readily available bipyridyl ligands facilitate oxidative addition of aryl iodides to the Au(I) center to give [(κ2-bipy)Au(Ar)I][NTf2], which undergo first aryl-zinc transmetalation and second C-C reductive elimination to produce biaryl products. The products of each distinct step have been characterized. Computational techniques are used to probe the mechanism of the oxidative addition step, offering insight into both the origin of the reversibility of this process and the observation that electron-rich aryl iodides add faster than electron-poor substrates. Thus, for the first time, all steps that are characteristic of a conventional intermolecular Pd(0)-catalyzed biaryl synthesis are demonstrated from a common monometallic Au complex and in the absence of directing groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Harper
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Bristol , BS8 1TS , United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J Arthur
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Bristol , BS8 1TS , United Kingdom
| | - John Crosby
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Bristol , BS8 1TS , United Kingdom
| | - Edward J Emmett
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre , Bracknell , Berkshire RG42 6EY , United Kingdom
| | - Rosalyn L Falconer
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Bristol , BS8 1TS , United Kingdom
| | | | - Paul J Gates
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Bristol , BS8 1TS , United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Leman
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Bristol , BS8 1TS , United Kingdom
| | - John E McGrady
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , South Parks Road , Oxford , OX1 3QZ , United Kingdom
| | - John F Bower
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Bristol , BS8 1TS , United Kingdom
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Abstract
Under the conditions of oxidative gold catalysis, exposure of ethylene to aryl silanes and alcohols generates products of 1,2-oxyarylation. This provides a rare example of a process that allows catalytic differential 1,2-difunctionalization of this feedstock chemical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Harper
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol , Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Edward J Emmett
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre , Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY, United Kingdom
| | - John F Bower
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol , Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
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Emmett EJ, Willis MC. Cover Picture: The Development and Application of Sulfur Dioxide Surrogates in Synthetic Organic Chemistry (Asian J. Org. Chem. 7/2015). ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201580701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edward J. Emmett
- Department of Chemistry; Chemistry Research Laboratory; University of Oxford; Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Michael C. Willis
- Department of Chemistry; Chemistry Research Laboratory; University of Oxford; Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward J. Emmett
- Department of Chemistry; Chemistry Research Laboratory; University of Oxford; Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Michael C. Willis
- Department of Chemistry; Chemistry Research Laboratory; University of Oxford; Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
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Emmett EJ, Hayter BR, Willis MC. Palladium-catalyzed synthesis of ammonium sulfinates from aryl halides and a sulfur dioxide surrogate: a gas- and reductant-free process. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:10204-8. [PMID: 25066222 PMCID: PMC4497614 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201404527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Sulfonyl-derived functional groups populate a broad range of useful molecules and materials, and despite a variety of preparative methods being available, processes which introduce the most basic sulfonyl building block, sulfur dioxide, using catalytic methods, are rare. Described herein is a simple reaction system consisting of the sulfur dioxide surrogate DABSO, triethylamine, and a palladium(0) catalyst for effective convertion of a broad range of aryl and heteroaryl halides into the corresponding ammonium sulfinates. Key features of this gas- and reductant-free reaction include the low loadings of palladium (1 mol%) and ligand (1.5 mol%) which can be employed, and the use of isopropyl alcohol as both a solvent and formal reductant. The ammonium sulfinate products are converted in situ into a variety of sulfonyl-containing functional groups, including sulfones, sulfonyl chlorides, and sulfonamides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward J Emmett
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research LaboratoryMansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA (UK)
| | - Barry R Hayter
- Oncology Innovative Medicines, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, MacclesfieldCheshire, SK10 4TG (UK)
| | - Michael C Willis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research LaboratoryMansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA (UK)
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Emmett EJ, Hayter BR, Willis MC. Palladium-Catalyzed Synthesis of Ammonium Sulfinates from Aryl Halides and a Sulfur Dioxide Surrogate: A Gas- and Reductant-Free Process. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201404527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Emmett EJ, Hayter BR, Willis MC. Palladium-catalyzed three-component diaryl sulfone synthesis exploiting the sulfur dioxide surrogate DABSO. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:12679-83. [PMID: 24115325 PMCID: PMC4138993 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201305369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Edward J Emmett
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA (UK) http://mcwillis.chem.ox.ac.uk/MCW/Home.html
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Emmett EJ, Hayter BR, Willis MC. Palladium-Catalyzed Three-Component Diaryl Sulfone Synthesis Exploiting the Sulfur Dioxide Surrogate DABSO. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201305369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Emmett EJ, Richards-Taylor CS, Nguyen B, Garcia-Rubia A, Hayter BR, Willis MC. Palladium-catalysed aminosulfonylation of aryl-, alkenyl- and heteroaryl halides: scope of the three-component synthesis of N-aminosulfonamides. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:4007-14. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob07034k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Edward J. Emmett
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Michael C. Willis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
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